UE 1998 Section C ANS

98C 1-17

1. The words "Coca-colonization"(lines 4-5) is in inverted

commas because…

D. It is an invented word

Explanation Skill tested

There is no such a word. It is the

combination of Coca-Cola and

colonization

Punctuatio

n

2. Who are the "supporters" referred to in line 5?

C. Westerners proud of exporting Western culture

Source Explanation Skill

tested

"In recent years,

Westerners have

reassured themselves

and irritated others by

expounding the notion

that the culture of the

West is, and ought to

be, the culture of the

world. This notion

takes two forms. One

is the "Coca-

colonization

argument. It's

supporter… (lines 1-5)

The supporters

refer to those

who support

"Coca-

colonization" who

have the notion

that the culture

of the West is the

culture of the

world.

Referenc

e

3 . What does "The other" (line 9) refer to?

B. An argument


tested

"This notion takes two

forms. One is the

"Cola-colonization"

argument" (lines 4-5)

""The other has to do

with modernization…"

(lines 9-10)

The other refers

to the second

form of the

notion, i.e. an

argument.

Referenc

e

4. What is the writer's attitude, as shown in paragraph 1,

towards the exporting of Western culture to other societies?

C. Critical


tested

In recent years,

Westerners have

reassured themselves

and irritated others by

expounding the notion

that the culture of the

West is…" (lines 1-3)

Irritation means

violent invasion.

The writer does

not praise the

export of

Western culture

to other societies

Inferenc

e

5. In paragraph 2, what is the writer's viewpoint with regard

to the two arguments described in paragraph 1?

A. total disagreement with both arguments


tested

"Both of these

ideas project the

image of an

emerging,

homogeneous,

The writer uses four

adjectives with

negative meanings to

describe the two

arguments. It shows

Inferenc

e

universally-Western

world - and both

are to varying

degrees misguided,

arrogant, false, and

dangerous" (lines

15-18)

that the writer does

not agree with the

arguments

6. What does the writer say about modern and traditional

cultures?

A. They are, in fact, very different

Source Explanation Skill tested

"That there are

significant

difference

between modern

and traditional

cultures is beyond

disputes. A world

in which some

societies are

highly modern and

others still

traditional will

obviously be less

homogeneous than

a world in which

all societies are

comparably

modern" (lines 22-

25)

It clearly states

there are

significant

difference. Less

homogeneous

indicates the

difference between

modern and

traditional society

Reading

for Specific

informatio

n

7. How similar does the writer feel societies are these days

when compares with those hundreds of years ago?

B. Societies are just as different as now as then


“Only a The societies Reading for

few…Was

that world

any less

homogeneou

s than a

future world

of universal

modernity is

likely to be?

Probably

not.”(Lines

28~31)

in few

hundred

years ago

are probably

not less

homogeneou

s than a

future

universal

world. Hence

which are

just still

different

from past to

now.

specific

information

.

8. What does the word “do” (line 34) stand in place of?

A. merge into homogeneity


tested

"Modern

societies…but

they do not

necessarily

merge into

homogeneous

. The

argument

that they do

rested

on…”(Lines

31~34)

“do not

necessarily

merge into

homogeneity”,

but it “do” if

the following

assumptions

would be

realize.

Referenc

e

9. The writer states that the West could be call

Westernised…

A. from the 8th century.


“Virtually all Stated Reading

scholars of

civilization

agree that

Western

civilizations

emerged in the

8th and 9th

centuries…”(Line

s 38~40)

directly in

the

paragraph

for specific

informatio

n

10. With regard to Westernizing and modernizing, the writer

suggests that as they modernized…

A. a few countries have adopted Western ideas.


tested

" More often,

leaders of non-

western societies

have pursued

modernization but

rejected

Westernisation.”(Li

nes 47~49)

In other

words, a few

countries

have

adopted

Western

ideas, which

is said to be

westernisati

on.

Inferenc

e

11.Which of the following countries does the writer suggest

are modern societies?

1. Japan 2. Singapore 3. Taiwan 4. Saudi Arabia

C. all of them


Japan,

Singapore,

Taiwan, Saudi

Arabia, and, to

a lesser

degree, Iran

have become

Stated in the

paragraph

that they all

are modern

countries.

However, Iran

is said to be

Reading

for specific

informatio

n

modern

societies

without

becoming

Western…”(Lin

es 48~50)

in a lesser

degree.

12. According to the writer, societies have borrowed form

each other…

C. to help them continue to exist.


tested

"Most of the

world’s great

civilization

have

borrowed from

other

civilization in

ways that

enhance their

own chances

of survival.

(Lines 55~57)

Their chances of

survival are

based on existing

their own.

Referenc

e

13.What does the word “it” in line59 refers to?

(D). China’s absorption of Buddhism

Sources Explanation Skill tested

“China’s absorption of

Buddhism from India,

scholars agree, failed to

produce the “Indianisation” of

China, it instead caused the

“Sinofication” of Buddhism as

the Chinese adapted

Buddhism to their own

Purposes and needs.”(line57

to line 61)

The word “it”

modify the previous

noun clause

“China’s absorption

of Buddhism”

　

　

Reference

　

　

　

　

　　14. What does the writer suggest is the effect on a country

of modernisation and economic development?

A. There is a greater interest in the country’s own culture.

　

Sources Explanation Skill tested

“On the contrary, they

promote a resurgence of,

and renewed commitment to,

traditional cultures.

Modernization enhances the

economic wealth and military

power of a country and

encourages people to have

confidence in their heritage

and to become culturally

assertive. ” (line 63 to line 68)

The word

“resurgence” means

reviving, so that we

can see that the

people have an

interest on their

own culture.

Inference

　　15.According to the writer, there has been a world-wide

“revival of religion”(line74)…

(D). As a reaction to modernization

　


“The global revival of

religion, which is most

marked in Muslim and Asian

societies, is a direct

consequence of

modernization”(line 74 to line

76)

In the sentence, we

can see that the

cause of global

revival of religion

is the consequence

of modernization.

Therefore, the

Reading

from

specific

informatio

n

revival of religion

is a reaction of

modernization

　16.The writer states that nowadays East Asian societies…

(B). Believe that their own culture is superior to Western

culture.


“Indeed, East Asians today

attribute their dramatic

economic development not to

their import of Western

culture but to adherence to

their own culture.(line91 to

line 94)

The word

“adherence” means

support firmly. That

means that the

East Asian now

support their own

culture but not the

Western Culture, so

the answer is (B)

Inference

　17. According to the writer, East Asians see their success as

being due to the fact that…

(D) They have maintained their own cultural values


“They have succeeded,

they argue, not because

they became like the

West, but because they

have remained

different”(line 94 to line

96)

This shows that

the succeed of

East Asians is not

because of

Western culture,

but have

maintained their

own culture.

Reading from

specific

information

　

98C 18-35

Q A Explanation Skill tested

18 A Women need fewer

cigarettes to suffer

from lung cancer.

Option B, want, is

wrong as it is the

figure done by the

report, therefore

must take a true

figure. Options C

and D mean the

women smoke it,

not need it.

Collocation

Context

19 B The report

collocates with

“ said ” . Options A

and C mean the

conversation

between persons

and it is not

appropriate to use

it. Option D is used

for reference, but

the passage does

not quote

something, as we

cannot see the

commas.

Collocation

20 B “Susceptible to” is

the prepositional

phrase.

Prepositional phrase

21 C / 　

22 D / 　

23 C “ Claims ” goes with

“ support ” . Option

A is wrong in the

meaning and the

tone. Options B

and D are of same

kind. Hence, option

C is correct.

Collocation

24 D “Dying of a

disease” is the

common

prepositional

phrase.

Prepositional phrase

25 A The answer should be

in a passive voice.

Option C and D must

be wrong. For option

B, ‘based’ should be

followed by ‘on’, thus,

A is the answer.

Passive

26 B “ Suspect ” shows a

negative attitude of

the speaker. It

collocates with the

phrase “ a small scale

study.

Collocation

27 D ‘...the reported

results cannot be

true.’ The reported

result gives out the

evidence. So D is

correct.

Context

28 A Here, ‘given’ means

‘presented’. As there

is ‘any’ in front of the

‘age’, so we need

‘given’, it refers to

defined time. The

other three options

mean at some

particular ages.

Context

29 B ‘smoking-induced’

means something

caused by smoking.

Here, the cancer is

caused by smoking.

Context

30. DStrength mean

quality of being

strong

preference mean

liking for

something

dominance mean

most important

advantage mean

a condition that

gives one

superiority or

success

‘women appear

to slightly less

vulnerable than

men to smoking-

induced cancer’,

Understanding the

context

this is a

advantage

so the answer is

D

31. DSimilarly mean in

a similar way

On the other

hand mean on

the other side

Virtually mean in

very important

respect; almost

Therefore mean

for that reason

‘they live longer

is a reason of

expose to more

smoke’, there

should use

‘therefore’

Understanding the

context

32. CSlightly better at

giving up…

‘at’ should follow

slightly better

Collocation

33. B Middle-aged

should use to

modify women,

so the answer is

B. Option D

‘middle-age’ is

tense

not a adjective

34. CIn total mean

totally

Above all mean

most important

of all

Overall mean

including

everything

Finally mean in

conclusion

Q.34 there is

needed a

transition word

to conclude the

passage

Discourse marker

Understanding the

context

35. ADistinguish mean

recognize the

different

between people

or thing

Pick mean

selecting, choice

Favor mean

liking, goodwill

Decide mean

give a judgement

on something

At the beginning

of the essay,

Understanding

‘women smokers,

however, have a

greater chance

of developing

lung cancer than

men…’ After the

analysis, it can

prove that there

is no different

between men

and women, so

the answer is A

98C 36-45

Q A. Explanation Skills

tested

36. C In paragraph one , line 3 , “It concludes that in

50years time Hong Kong will become a

concrete jungle with power cuts , rationed food

and water , beaches too polluted for swimming

” , these are all negatives , therefore the next

one should be negative too .

Context

37. B Once the economy is to expand , there will be

more infrastructure in need .

Cause and

effect

relationship

38. D The word ‘however ’ , shows that the following

sentence would be in contrast with the

preceding one . “ The territory will require

more roads , container terminals and other

infrastructure .” All these need land . The great

demand for land matches with ‘tiny area ’ and ‘

no more room ’ .

Context

39. A In paragraph two , ‘ the government ’ matches Context

with ‘political leaders ’. Line 1 to 2 , ‘the

territory will require more roads , container

terminals and other infrastructure. ’ matches

with ‘the territory’s development strategy .’

40. C In paragraph 3 , ‘as the population continues

to increase by the millions on the mainland ,

Beijing may one day not to be able to provide

enough food and water for its own people ’,

therefore , ‘ we cannot afford to rely on China

to supply us with food and water forever .

Cause and

effect

relationship

41 BThe answer needs to explain why we can’t only

reply on the importation of China’s food and

water forever. She may not have enough food

and water to supply herself and HK. So the

answer is B.

For answer A, it is not relate to the exportation

of expertise (irrelevant).

For answer C birth control is not relevant to

the idea of the passage.

For answer D the answer is wrong.

Context

Extension

42 AThe answer needs to an adjective to describe

what it will be if the shortage of water and

food occur.

Both “ alarming ” and “ food and water

shortage ” are negative in sense. For option B

and C, we will not see this occurrence as

strange or odd

For option D, it is irrelevant to the question.

So the answer is A we will surprise if the food

and water shortage occur.

Context

Tone.

43 B The issue of putting more fund on “green” Context

industry is always stated, so the writer uses

restate

Extension

44 C As the economic grows, wealth is created. That

means the income will increase. Thus we can

buy everything we need.

Logical

developmen

t

45 D Since we live in a wealthy city, it would be bad

if our environment is bad. So the writer

suggests the solution to consider how to build

a better future for our next generation.

Context

　98 Section C 46-65.

Q Source Skills tested

46.In paragraph 1, line 4 “at the grand old

age of 41”. A noun should be used. So the

answer should be

“forties/40s/40’s/retirement”

Reading for

specific

information

47. In paragraph 2, line 5, “especially before

the pre-race weigh-in—to vomit out things

that they ate that morning.”

Here, a verb is needed to describe what

Jockeys have to watch for.

Inference,

change of

tense.

48.In paragraph 2, line 7, “Jockeys are fined

if they are overweight and can be

disqualified if they fail to get the balance

right and come in underweight.” An

adverb “too much” is used to describe

overweight .

Inference

49.In paragraph 2, line 7, “Jockeys are fined

if they are overweight and can be

Reading for

specific

disqualified if they fail to get the balance

right and come in underweight.” Here, an

adjective is needed and underweight acts

as an adjective.

information

50. In paragraph 3, line 4, “...throwing up is

the lesser of three evils: it is either that,

taking pills or starving yourself.” It implies

that throwing up, among the other two

options, is the best choice to maintain a

balance weight.

Reading for

tone.

Inference

51. In paragraph 5, line 1, “On racing days, I

used to stick to a diet of only water or

juice before the event.” Water and juice

are liquids/drinks. Here, a noun is needed

to describe what is Cruz consumed.

Inference

52. In paragraph 5, line 7, “at lunch time I’d

do little more than pick at a few slices of

meat and some vegetables. That’s why I

liked Chinese or Japanese food—It is

lighter and easier to eat.” That means, for

lunch , Cruz usually eats lighter and

simple food.

Inference

53 Paragraph 5, line 11, “I generally avoid

European food”à European food

Reading for

specific

information

54. Paragraph 5, line12, “and steak in

particular”à steak

Reading for

specific

information

55 Paragraph 8, line 1, “ice-cream, cakes

and biscuits don’t interest him

anymore”à ice-cream

Reading for

specific

information

56. Paragraph 9, line 8, “over the years, Cruz

has lost his sweet tooth”à young

Inference

57. Paragraph 9, line 5, “rely on multi- Reading for

vitamins every morning as a

supplement”à multi-vitamins

specific

information

58 Paragraph 6, line 3, “but he plans to

summon all his willpower to say no to

unhealthy eating”à eating

Reading for

specific

information

59. Paragraph 6, line 4, “his incentive come

from his 66-year-old father”à father

Reading for

specific

information

60. Paragraph 6, line 7, “so now he has

clogged arteries and high cholesterol”à

unhealthy

Inference

61. 6th paragraph, line 6, ‘My father doesn’t

drink or smoke.’ It clearly states that his

father does not smoke.

Part of

speech

62. 4th paragraph, lines 8-9, ‘he believes he

needs to be more self-disciplined than

ever.’ In the 5th paragraph, line 4, ‘I had

to be just disciplined.’ A noun is needed

in this question, so ‘self-discipline’ or

‘discipline’is used .

Part of

speech

63 7th paragraph, line 5, ‘Once you fell

almost full, stop.’ which means one

should not eat until one is full but to stop

beforehand. You don’t need to keep

eating until you have finished everything

on the plate.

Inference

64 7th paragraph, lines 9-10, ‘you should

start by taking less on your plate or

ordering smaller portions.’ It means that

one can ask for smaller portion or less

food in order to maintain weight. It infers

“small dishes”.

Inference

65 7th paragraph, lines 10-11, ‘Never, ever

go to bed directly after a big meal.’, ‘go

to bed’ has the same meaning with

Inference

‘sleep’.

98C 66-76

Q A Explanation Skills tested

66 D"Women leaders all over the world are judged by unfair double standards” collaborates with “considerably more is usually expected of them than of their male counterparts.”The unfair double standard indicates ‘more’ is usually expected from women than man

Register

Extension

67 J "Violent act” collaborate with "assassination”which means murder for politics.

Register

68 A "Better education and employment opportunities” collaboratee with “better overall living standard of livin“However” in column B shows a contrastbetween the sentence preceeding it and after it . “ better education and employment” does not guarantee women have a greater role in the political process.

Register

Contrast

69 L "how to address female heads of state” collaborates with “altering the formerly all-male complexion of the world’s

leader” Column B explains Column A

Register

Extension

71 H “She’ in column B refers to “Mrs. Suu Kyi” in Column A. “Women leaders are burdened with the demands of holding the highest standards of family values” collaborates with “their obligations of ruling nations with the need of their children, their husbands and often their

Register

Extension

Reference

extended families.”

72 B Q.72 was concerning the women in political

arena in the West. Option B shows the different

situation in the East. "However" is a discourse

marker, showing the contrast.

1. Contrast

2. Register

73 C Q73 indicates that in the women equality at

Hong Kong government had been enhanced

since 1970s. Option C shows the evidence of the

way the government offers the same

opportunity of promotion to men and women.

1. Register

2. Extension

74 G Q74 shows the policy secretaries selected by Mr.

Tung chee-hwa for the first SAR. The five women

were appointed directly by Mr. Tung. That is the

appointment. And option G shows more details

about the appointment.

　

1. Register

2. Extension

75 K For Q75, the word "kinship" means the family

relationship. "Power in Asia often seems to

follow kinship "shows that the power is related

to kinship. Option K also tells us about the

family connection.

1. Register

2. Extension

76 E Q76 shows that there are successful female

politicians in Asia. Option E, "this region" refers

to Asia mentioned in Q76 as option E mentions

that the region produced numerous women

rulers.

1. Extension

Question 77-95

Questio

n

Explanation Skills tested

77 “At” should be underlined, and write

down “on”. “On a day” is a useful

expression.

preposition

78 “Are” should be added between

“members” and “invited”.

passive

voice

79 Best” should be underlined and write

down “better”. “had a better

understanding”

Coomparison

, collocation

80 “Shark” should be underlined and

write down “sharks”. Since there are

many sharks in the Park, “sharks”

should be in plural form.

Singularity

81 'That” should be crossed out. structure S+

v

82 Tick 　

83 Tick 　

84 "Enclose” should be underlined and

write down “enclosed”. “Enclose” is a

verb. “Enclosed” is used as an

adjective to describe the words

“application form”

Part of

speech

85 "Which” should be underlined and

write down “who”. “who” refers to “Fun

Club members”.

Relative

pronoun

86 Cross out “come” Use preposition

“on” before a date .

Preposition

87 “In” should be underlined and write

down “at”

Preposition

88 “It” should be underlined and write

down “its”

Possessive

adj.

89 “Child” should be underlined and write

down “children”

Plural form

90. Chnage "this" to "these because of

The word “programmes” which is in

plural form

Plural form

91 Between "are" and "same", add "the" Definite

Article

92. Change "freely" to free. “ free of

charge” is a common English

Common

expression

expression which means no need to

pay for it

93. Change "by" to “for” to show a purposePreposition

94. Cross out “do. “Do” and “exceeds” is

also verb.

Verb

95. Add "be" between "will" and "selected"

to form a passive voice

Passive

voice

UE 1998 Section C ANS

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