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Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
UCITS-ALTERNATIVE UNWRAPPEDAs Convergence between Long-only Managers and Hedge Funds Grows and Institutional Allocation to Alternatives Hits Historical Highs A
Question Arises: Are UCITS-Alternative the Alternative "Alternative"? Alternative UCITS Retreat 2011 - Citywire
1 December, 2011AURELIANO GENTILINI
Managing Partner - Mαthεmα
2 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Key Topics Absolute Return Funds – Definition and Key
Investment Themes
Overview of Absolute Return Fund Industry Trends
Asset Management Trends
Alternative UCITS-compliant Funds
Institutional Asset Allocation Models
Absolute Return & Hedge Fund Asset Growth Drivers
in 2011 and Beyond
Performance Analysis and Benchmarking
3 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Absolute Return Fund – A Definition
Absolute Return funds are collective investment vehicles that aim for
positive returns in any market conditions.
The funds are not benchmarked against a traditional long only market index.
Rather they aim at outperforming a cash or risk-free benchmark
Asset base can be any or flexible
Often, but not always, have a cash/interest rate/inflation benchmark (+ target
basis points)
May be short, medium or long term strategy
Various strategies exist under the same banner (index unconstrained/ asset
allocation, leveraged long/short, quantitative risk management, hedge-like)
Risk budgeting
Index-unconstrained funds (categorised within Total Return funds) are
similar to absolute return fund in that portfolio construction is made
without reference to a benchmark
Carry market risk (beta) because the portfolio can only be structurally 'long' a
particular market, rather than being able to sell short or move to cash to
protect against market falls
4 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Key Issues in Absolute Return Fund Investing
Investors Are Not Consistent
Market Downtrend: Absolute Return Funds Are Demanded
Market Uptrend: Beating the Market Benchmark Is Critical
What is the Real Balance?
Does Product Offering Drive Investors’ Demand or Vice Versa?
Absolute Return Funds Tapping into the Institutional Segment
UCITS III-AlternativeVehicles
Leverage
A 10% return becomes a 100% return when enhanced by ten-to-one leverage.
Leverage works quickly in reverse, though
Underlying Strategy
Risk/Return Analysis
Performance Measurement
5 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Absolute Fund Return Properties Absolute fund returns may become more correlated to
general market trends during downturns
exposures [to market factors] can be strongly different in the down-market
regimes compared to normal times, suggesting that risk exposures in the
down-market regimes are quite different than those faced during normal
regimes
when strong shocks to the market occur, [absolute funds’] diversification
benefits seem to deteriorate due to non-linear dependence
Funds’ returns may exhibit the “higher moment” return
properties of negative skewness and excess kurtosis due to
their exposure to alternative strategies
when returns are negative, absolute return losses may be larger than plain
vanilla funds if hedging strategies are not effective. Larger loss risk may
increase as more hedge-like funds are added to a portfolio
6 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
2010 Lipper Hedge Funds Survey – UCITS Absolute Return Funds
Question 5
What are in your opinion the challenges and opportunities for hedge fund managers taking
advantage of UCITS regulation to convert alternative strategies into mainstream mutual funds?
7 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
2010 Lipper Hedge Funds Survey – UCITS Absolute Return Funds
Question 6
Do you foresee any threats to the alternative fund business arising from
absolute return hedge-like funds such as UCITS III-compliant funds?
8 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Asset Management Today: Investors Want Cheap or Spicy
9 Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Asset Management Industry Changes
Barbell polarization of asset flows is speeding up – money flows to either
passive managers/ETFs (cheap) or else hedge funds/other alternative
managers (spicy)
Do ETFs pose the next systemic risk?
At the end of June 2011, the global ETF industry had 2,825 ETFs with 6,229 listings and
assets of US$1,442.7 billion, from 146 providers on 49 exchanges around the world (source
BlackRock)
At the end of June 2010, the global ETF industry had 2,252 ETFs with 4,570 listings and
assets of US$1,025.9 billion from 130 providers on 42 exchanges (source BlackRock)
Global AUM in ETFs and ETPs are expected to increase by 20–30% annually over the next
few years, taking the global ETF/ETP industry to approximately US$2 trillion in AUM by
early 2012.
Trend to further concentration of the hedge fund industry – the top 100
hedge fund management companies currently control 60% of industry AUM
10
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Passive Investments Gain Momentum
IBM Institute for Business Value: 2009 survey of 2,750 industry
executives, including those at endowments, foundations and
sovereign wealth funds
passive investments will eventually overtake actively managed funds
65% of respondents planned to move to passive strategies within the
next three years
Data extrapolation suggests that in 20 years, 85% to 90% of assets will
be in passive strategies, with the remaining 10% to 15% in hedge funds,
private equity funds and other high-risk, high-return alternatives
Two main factors drive the trend:
defined contribution sponsors are under “political” pressure to move into
passive products to reduce costs for investors
Asset managers want to lower the risk associated with manager selection
11
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Institutional Allocation To Hedge Fund Strategies
Moody’s Investors Service – HF 2010 Review and 2011 Outlook
Hedge Funds will have to lower fees, change their business strategies, and lower
their risk tolerance as pension funds increase the allocation to the asset class
Preqin survey – May 2011
About 93% of institutional hedge fund investors are considering increasing their
allocation to the asset class over the next three years
Almost 32% of those currently investing in FoHFs will start investing directly and an
additional 8% are considering doing so
20% of institutional investors had expanded their hedge fund teams over the past
year, while a further 20% of those that do not currently have a hedge fund team
intend to develop one within the next three years
January 2011 – 55% of U.S.-based private sector pension funds have some money
invested in hedge funds (85 U.S.-based private sector pension funds that actively
invested in hedge funds and 17 U.S. private pension funds that were considering
making their initial investment in the asset class within the next 18 months)
The average U.S. private pension fund allocates 9.8% of its assets under
management to hedge funds
12
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Pension Fund & Absolute Return Fund Industries
The further increase of the pension funding gap will progressively see the
closure of defined benefit schemes in the short run New factor-based asset allocation models aiming at reducing exposure to volatility clustering and correlation
patterns among various assets will become a standard among Institutional Investors in the next two years
New enhanced risk factor-driven portfolio allocation models of institutional investors will direct investment
flows into alternative investments with a better risk/return profile
The number of pension schemes looking to invest money in hedge funds doubled during 2009 (Hewitt
Associates)
Allocation to Hedge Funds will continue focusing on niche/uncorrelated strategies - High-performing investment
strategies to help recoup the heavy losses suffered in 2008 and early 2009
The introduction of IAS 19 on January 1, 2013 globally is expected to help
prepare the ground for the Liability-driven Investment (LDI) to finally take
root
Immediate recognition of all gains and losses arising in defined benefit plans (abolition of
corridor accounting options)
Replace the expected return credit with an objective credit based on the AA corporate
bond yield used to discount the liabilities
The rule might trigger a de-risking of investment strategies of pension plans
Billions of company profits will be wiped off [Accountancy firms estimate that such a
change could reduce UK company profits by as much as £10bn ($16bn)]
13
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Absolute Return Fund Investors & Strategies
The HF investor mix is changing
Among high-growth investors can be listed corporates, public pension plans, insurance
companies, banks, small- to mid-sized endowments, Asian private banks, Australian
institutional investors & Superannuation funds, Scandinavian institutions, and family
offices
Japanese pension plans expect to rebalance their portfolio holdings ramping up
allocations to hedge funds
Hedge Funds Seek a Slice of Japan’s $740 Billion Pension Funds After Quake
(http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2011-06-27/hedge-funds-eye-japan-pensions-post-
quake.html )
Hedge funds eye $740 billion Japan pensions pool
(http://www.pionline.com/article/20110629/REG/110629890 )
Japan pensions bet on hedge funds to boost returns
(http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/06/22/us-japan-summit-pensionfunds-
idUKTRE75L15V20110622 )
Multi-Strategies HFs will continue to be the losers in the forthcoming
round of AUM growth
Decorrelation drivers in portfolio allocation will weigh
FoHF segment shrinking
14
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Trend in FoHFs and SWFs Management
The FoHFs segment will continue shrinking in 2011—from 33%
of total AUM at 2009 year-end to 25% in 2010, and 22% at the
end of 2011
Flaws in the business model (limited diversification and easier direct access to
underlying managers) will weigh
Impact on marketing policies of FoHFs, with further pressures on fees
Funds-of-hedge-funds managers are beginning to target smaller investors as
larger institutions increasingly invest directly
In the medium term (a three- to five-year time horizon) the
largest and top performing multi-strategy funds in the world
might well be those run by SWFs, and not by the traditional
and best know players in the HF space such as D. E. Shaw &
Co., Inc., Citadel Investment Group LLC , Highbridge Capital
Management LLC, and Soros Fund Management LLC
15
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Absolute Return Fund Industry Trends
Alternative UCITS-compliant funds gained traction since the
financial crisis
Absolute Return products other than Hedge Funds are becoming increasingly
popular among institutional investors
HF managers have aggressively launched Alternative UCITS-compliant funds to
penetrate retail and institutional segments
Flight-to-quality drivers (Assets in Europe's top 50 hedge fund managers rose
by 11% to U.S.$300 billion between January 2009 and June 2010 – Brevan
Howard assets surged almost 24% to U.S.$31.5 billion, while U.S.$1 billion were
drained from Man Group – Source: InvestHedge)
Uncertainties on EU Regulation weighed – co-domiciliation
Performance slippage risks
Liquid vs. illiquid hedge fund strategies
HF managers progressively consider Ireland’s QIF and
Luxembourg’s SIF structures (RWC Partners' Macro fund, launched
in January 2011, managed by Peter Allbright and Stuart Frost)
“Level 2” guidance for the AIFMD
16
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
UCITS Funds Ucits funds had €5.92trn in assets under management as of June 30, 2011
(source: Association of Luxembourg Funds Industry)
Luxembourg accounted for the highest majority, making up 31.4% or €1.86trn.
Ireland's share totaled €770bn, 13.0% of the total.
The prominence of co-domiciliation could be short lived however due to
uncertainty over the AIFM Directive
Most hedge fund managers considering domiciling their funds in the EU said they
would do so before the implementation of the AIFM Directive in 2013
69% of those considering EU domiciliation said they were considering doing so by
transferring the domicile of their existing funds to the EU
The UCITS framework, which some respondents said was an effective
marketing tool to stem outflows during the financial crisis, has lost some of
its appeal amongst hedge fund managers
Whereas those polled were just as likely to set up UCITS funds as other regulated
structures, such as Irish QIFs and Luxembourg SIFs, in the past
77% of those considering creating an onshore structure in the future now say they
would prefer QIFs and SIFs instead
17
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Regulatory Trends – Hedge Funds and Alternative UCITS Funds
The costs involved in complying with more stringent regulatory
requirements can make HFs comparatively more expensive to manage
Changes in the mapping of geographies of HF management companies will occur in the
short to medium term due to significant changes in regulation
We will observe significant steps towards the creation of an International Registry of Hedge
Funds
US rule changes signed into law under the Dodd-Frank Act have broad extraterritorial
effects and require many historically exempt fund managers with assets over US$150
million—even those only US contacts are US investors in their funds—to seek SEC
registrations
The SEC will require larger funds to keep extensive records regarding trading activities and those
without a compliance officer will be forced to hire one
The position of Third Country alternative investment fund managers has been resolved by
creating a dual system of allowing the existing private placement rules to continue until at
least 2018, while also phasing in an option for Third Country alternative investment fund
managers to qualify under an EU passporting regime.
In many cases repackaging under UCITS-compliant hedge fund-like mutual funds has been the
response of non-EU hedge fund managers to penetrate retail and institutional segments in
Europe
Impact of flight-to-haven of UK fund managers on UK’s tax revenue
18
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
European UCITS Absolute Return Segment’sGrowth Resuming At The Beginning of 2010
Total Net Assets and Total Net Flows - European UCITS Absolute & Total Return FundsJanuary 2007-September 2011 (data in EUR millions - Source: Lipper FMI)
0.00
25,000.00
50,000.00
75,000.00
100,000.00
125,000.00
150,000.00
175,000.00
200,000.00
225,000.00
Jan-0
7
Mar
-07
May
-07
Jul-0
7
Sep-0
7
Nov-0
7
Jan-0
8
Mar
-08
May
-08
Jul-0
8
Sep-0
8
Nov-0
8
Jan-0
9
Mar
-09
May
-09
Jul-0
9
Sep-0
9
Nov-0
9
Jan-1
0
Mar
-10
May
-10
Jul-1
0
Sep-1
0
Nov-1
0
Jan-1
1
Mar
-11
May
-11
Jul-1
1
Sep-1
1
-15000.00
-12500.00
-10000.00
-7500.00
-5000.00
-2500.00
0.00
2500.00
5000.00
7500.00
10000.00
Total NetAssets(leftscale)
Total NetFlows(rightscale)
19
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Industry Asset Growth Expectedto Hit the US$2 Trillion Mark by 2013
38,910 58,37095,720
167,790
167,360
185,750
256,720
367,560
374,770456,430
487,580536,060
622,304
817,492
973,000
1,029,500
1,086,751
1,389,998
1,209,575
1,215,737
1,501,085
1,651,171
1,851,289
2,019,392
2,200,943
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Total Net Assets (1990- 2014)(mln USD - source: Lipper TASS)
20
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Strategies Overall Net Flows 1994-2010
Source: Lipper-TASS
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Cu
mu
lativ
e A
sse
t Flo
ws
(150,000)
(130,000)
(110,000)
(90,000)
(70,000)
(50,000)
(30,000)
(10,000)
10,000
30,000
50,000
Ass
et F
low
s
Cumulative Asset Flow s (in $ Millions) Asset Flow s, Up Quarters ($ in Millions)
Notes: Asset flows refers to money flowing into/out of the strategy. Asset growth/contraction as a result of performance is not included.
21
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Flows As A Percentage OfBeginning-Period Assets Vs. Performance 1994-2010
Note: The 9-month rolling return refers to the annualised compound returns of that particular strategy on a rolling 9-month basis.
-15%
-10%
-5%
0%
5%
10%
15%
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Qua
rter
ly F
low
s
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
9-M
onth
Rol
ling
Ret
urn
Quarterly Flows % Average Flows % 9-Month Rolling Return %
Source: Lipper-TASS
22
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Rolling Returns Vs. Rolling Asset Flows 1994-2010
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
-$400,000
-$300,000
-$200,000
-$100,000
$0
$100,000
$200,000
12-Month Rolling Asset Flows (US$Mil - right scale) 12-Month Rolling Returns ( left scale) 36-Month Rolling Returns ( left scale)
Source: Lipper-TASS
23
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Absolute Fund Return Properties Absolute fund returns may become more correlated to
general market trends during downturns
exposures [to market factors] can be strongly different in the down-market
regimes compared to normal times, suggesting that risk exposures in the
down-market regimes are quite different than those faced during normal
regimes
when strong shocks to the market occur, [absolute funds’] diversification
benefits seem to deteriorate due to non-linear dependence
Funds’ returns may exhibit the “higher moment” return
properties of negative skewness and excess kurtosis due to
their exposure to alternative strategies
when returns are negative, absolute return losses may be larger than plain
vanilla funds if hedging strategies are not effective. Larger loss risk may
increase as more hedge-like funds are added to a portfolio
24
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Difficult Markets - Stock Market PerformancePatterns Repeat
Dow Jones Industrial Average Price Index - 115 years (logarithmic scale)
Source: Reuters EcoWin
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
25
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Tail Risk – Market CrashesDow Jones Industrial Average Price Index - 115 years(10-day rolling coefficient of variation)
Source: Reuters EcoWin
00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 00 05 10
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
26
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Difficult Markets - Commodities Market Performance Patterns Repeat
CRB Spot Index, End of Period - 64 years (logarithmic scale)
Source: Reuters EcoWin
47 50 53 56 59 62 65 68 71 74 77 80 83 86 89 92 95 98 01 04 07 10
4.50
4.75
5.00
5.25
5.50
5.75
6.00
6.25
6.50
27
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Money Markets – Ted Spread as a Measure of Stress in the Eurozone
US dollar three-month TED spread
Euro three-month TED spread
British pound three-month TED spread
Dec
06 07
Apr Aug Dec
08
Apr Aug Dec
09
Apr Aug Dec
10
Apr Aug Dec
11
Apr Aug
Basi
s po
ints
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
28
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Strategy Performance
• Short bias outperformed in September (+8.45%) and YTD (+13.19%) as the strategy benefited from global stock markets declines and dislocation factors on the macro front
• Emerging markets (-7.47% month on month, -6.88% YTD), bettered by Long/Short Equity (-5.22% month on month, -9.12% YTD) and Event Driven (-5.06% month on month, -9.69% YTD), ranked at the bottom of the performance league table for September. Hedge fund strategies above were not successful in weathering global markets turmoil as heightened stock market correlations and volatility clustering weighed
Comparative Hedge Fund Index Performance: Dow Jones Credit Suisse Indices
50
90
130
170
210
250
290
330
370
410
ConvertibleArbitrage
DedicatedShort Bias
ED DistressedSecurities
ED Multi-Strategies
ED Risk-Arbitrage
EmergingMarkets
Equity MarketNeutral
Event Driven
Fixed IncomeArbitrage
Global Macro
Long/ShortEquity
Multi-Strategies
ManagedFutures
Russian Financial Crisis & LTCM
Collapse - Jul-Sep '98
Asian Crisis - Aug-Oct '97
Tech Stocks Bubble Collapse -
Feb'00-Mar'03
Bull Market Rally - April '03-
August '07
Credit Crisis - August '07-Feb
'09
Post Credit Crisis - March '09
Greece's Fiscal Position Crisis - December '09
Political Unrest in MENA & Earthquake in Japan -
Jan-March '11Eurozone Debt Crisis - May-
June '11
Comparative Hedge Fund Index Performance:Dow Jones Credit Suisse Indices
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
105
110
115
120
125
130
135
140
145
150
155
160
165
170
175
Dec-08 Mar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 Mar-10 Jun-10 Sep-10 Dec-10 Mar-11 Jun-11 Sep-11
ConvertibleArbitrage
Dedicated ShortBias
Event DrivenDistressedSecuritiesEvent Driven Multi-Strategy
Event Driven RiskArbitrage
Emerging Markets
Equity MarketNeutral
Event Driven
Fixed IncomeArbitrage
Global Macro
Long/Short Equity
Multi-Strategies
Managed Futures
29
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Strategies Indexed PerformanceComparative Alternative Fund Strategies Performance: Lipper Global Indices
87
91
95
99
103
107
111
Dec-10 Jan-11 Feb-11 Mar-11 Apr-11 May-11 Jun-11 Jul-11 Aug-11 Sep-11 Oct-11
ConvertibleArbitrage
Dedicated ShortBias
Emerging Markets
Equity MarketNeutral
Event Driven
Fixed IncomeArbitrage
Long Bias
Long/Short Equity
ManagedFutures/CTAs
Multi Strategies
OptionsArbitrage/Strat
Alternative EquityMarket Neutral
Credit Focus
AlternativeLong/Short Equity
30
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Alternative UCITS & Market Indices PerformanceDecoupled Performance in Given Periods in Commodity Indices
Lipper Mutual Fund, Alternative & Market Indices: Comparative Performance
44
54
64
74
84
94
104
114
124
134
144
154
164
174
184
194
204
214
224
234
244
254
264
274
284
294
Dec-0
6
Feb-0
7
Apr-07
Jun-0
7
Aug-07
Oct
-07
Dec-0
7
Feb-0
8
Apr-08
Jun-0
8
Aug-08
Oct
-08
Dec-0
8
Feb-0
9
Apr-09
Jun-0
9
Aug-09
Oct
-09
Dec-0
9
Feb-1
0
Apr-10
Jun-1
0
Aug-10
Oct
-10
Dec-1
0
Feb-1
1
Apr-11
Jun-1
1
Aug-11
Oct
-11
WTI Crude Oil
Reuters/J efferies CRBCR
STOXX Europe TMI TR
Gold Index
J P Morgan EMBI+
Barclays Capital GlobalAggregate Bond
LGC Bond EMktsGlobal
LGC Bond Global
LGC Equity Global
LGC Money MarketGlobal
LGC Real Estate Global
MSCI EMkts TR
MSCI World TR USD
S&P 500 TR
LGC Equity EMktsGlobal
Lipper HF Composite
Lipper GlobalAlternative EMN
Lipper GlobalAlternative L/S Equity
31
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Strategy Performance Dispersion
• After more than doubling in August from July’s reading, monthly performance dispersion among the Dow Jones Credit Suisse hedge fund strategy indices rose further in September, returning readings above monthly levels observed since September 2010. It widened 56 bps in September (19 bps below 2010’s highest level in September) and ended at 1,592 bps, signaling the “market” of hedge fund strategies was less crowded
• Generally speaking, compared to August, the dispersion of manager returns YTD increased significantly in September (red lines on the bar in the chart indicate median values). An increased dispersion of returns generally determines a lower intracorrelation, i.e., a lower correlation among managers and strategies. Generally, lower intracorrelation among managers and hedge fund strategies leads to higher levels of diversification for investors—a desirable feature—as well as higher expected risk-adjusted returns. Notably, in the Dedicated Short Bias sector—the top-performing strategy year to date at the end of September—more than 66% of the funds tracked in the analysis posted positive returns for the period, with 22% of the funds recording performance equal to or above the 10% threshold. More than 29% of the funds classified in the runner-up strategy in the performance league table year to date—Global Macro—delivered a period performance in positive territory, with 8% recording monthly returns equal to or above the 10% threshold.
Dispersion of Hedge Fund Strategy Returns (Dow Jones Credit Suisse HF Indices January 1994-September 2011)
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
9%
76%
56%
44%
53%
25%
35%
70%
170%
175%117%-98%
-18%
-17%
-7%
-55%
-19%
-35%
-37%
-51%
-99%
-45%
-120% -100% -80% -60% -40% -20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% 140% 160% 180%
Convertible Arbitrage
Credit Focus
Dedicated Short Bias
Emerging Markets
Equity Market Neutral
Event Driven
Fixed Income Arbitrage
Global Macro
Long/Short Equity
Managed Futures
Multi-Strategy-3.495
-1.005%
-6.97%
-2.73%
-0.16%
-2.47%
-0.02%
-12.29%
5.6%
1.79%
-2.12%
32
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Performance Analysis and Benchmarking Sharpe ratio – Summary of the first two moments of the
portfolio excess
return distribution
Measurement issues:
Annualized risk-free rate
Choice is key because it impacts on excess return and can
change ranking
It might be problematic in a portfolio with full international diversification
Portfolio aggregation
No straight-forward adding-up because of covariance effects between
volatilities
Negative values are ambiguous (Israelsen ratio correction)
fp
fpr
fp
fpr
33
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge Fund Strategy Correlations
• As sovereign risk persisted, a risk-on/risk-off paradigm created an investment environment where correlation across asset classes zeroed out the benefit of diversification. Among other factors, the 12-month rolling correlation between the S&P GSCI and the S&P 500 at the end of September rose to 0.82—up from 0.77 at the end of August (a mere 5 bps off the highest reading since October 1980 recorded at the end of December 2010)
• September 2011 confirmed the steady and significant correlation pattern of most of the hedge fund strategies with the MSCI World TR Index evidenced throughout 2010. Dedicated Short-Bias, although easing from August’s reading, continued to show a negative correlation against the index (-0.91 for both the six- and twelve-month periods, respectively). The Credit Suisse Dow Jones Hedge Fund Composite Index recorded a firm level of positive correlation with the global stock market index at 0.95. Compared to the previous month, the positive six-month correlation at the end of September decreased 17 bps to 0.74 for the Fixed Income Arbitrage sub-strategy, and to 0.10 for the Global Macro and 0.83 for the Multi-Strategies (down from 0.27 and 0.92 respectively at the end of August). Equity hedge strategies, namely Long/Short Equity, along with Event-Driven and Equity Market-Neutral, continued to be somewhat long-biased; in other words, the strategies maintained a significantly high positive correlation to equities (a correlation between 0.85 and 0.95 for the six-month period) despite choppy global stock markets conditions
Correlation of Credit Suisse Dow Jones HF Strategy Indices Vs. MSCI World TR IndexSeptember 30, 2011
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Correlation 6 Months Correlation 1 Year Correlation 3 Years
Correlation of Credit Suisse Dow Jones HF Strategy Indices Vs. Reuters/Jefferies CRB IndexSeptember 30, 2011
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
Correlation 6 Months Correlation 1 Year Correlation 3 Years
34
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge/Relative Value Strategies Vs. Market Indices – The Omega Function
Dow Jones Credit Suisse Hedge Fund Relative Value Strategy Indices vs. Market IndicesFebruary 1999-October 2011
-14.00
-12.00
-10.00
-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
-15.00 -10.00 -5.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00
Monthly returns
Om
ega
(lo
gar
ith
mic
sca
le)
Hedge FundConvertible Arbitrage
Hedge Fund EquityMkt Neutral
Hedge Fund FixedIncome Arbitrage
Barclays GlobalAggregate Bond TR
MSCI World TR Index
S&P500 TR Index
UBS GlobalConvertible Index
Sharpe ratio 0.54
Sharpe ratio 0.14
Sharpe ratio 0.49
Sharpe ratio 0.36
Sharpe ratio 0.15
Sharpe ratio 0.11
Sharpe ratio 0.15
35
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge/Directional Strategies & Multi-Strategies Vs. Market Indices – The Omega Function
Dow Jones Credit Suisse Hedge Fund Directional Strategies & Multi-Strategy Indices vs. Market IndicesFebruary 1999-October 2011
-12.00
-10.00
-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
-30.00 -25.00 -20.00 -15.00 -10.00 -5.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00
Monthly returns
Om
eg
a (
log
ari
thm
ic s
cale
)
Hedge Fund DedicatedShort Bias
Hedge Fund EmergingMkts
Hedge Fund GlobalMacro
Hedge Fund Long/ShortEquity
Hedge Fund Multi-Strategies
Hedge Fund ManagedFutures
MSCI Emerging MarketsTR Index
MSCI World TR Index
S&P500 TR Index
Sharpe ratio 0.34
Sharpe ratio 0.15
Sharpe ratio 0.39
Sharpe ratio 0.27
Sharpe ratio 0.87
Sharpe ratio -0.35
Sharpe ratio 0.86
Sharpe ratio 0.14
Sharpe ratio 0.65
36
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Hedge/Event-Driven Strategies Vs. Market Indices – The Omega Function
Dow Jones Credit Suisse Hedge Fund Event-Driven Strategy Indices vs. Market IndicesFebruary 1999-October 2011
-10.00
-8.00
-6.00
-4.00
-2.00
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
-20.00 -15.00 -10.00 -5.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00
Monthly returns
Om
eg
a (
log
ari
thm
ic s
ca
le)
Hedge Fund Event-Driven DistressedSecurities
Hedge Fund Event-Driven Multi-Strategies
Hedge Fund Event-Driven Risk Arbitrage
Hedge Fund Event-Driven
MSCI World TR Index
S&P500 TR Index
Sharpe ratio 0.14
Sharpe ratio 0.15
Sharpe ratio 0.78
Sharpe ratio 0.95
Sharpe ratio 0.94
Sharpe ratio 0.86
37
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Conclusions Institutional Investors’ education and understanding of the
underlying investment process remain key to pick Alternative
strategies in the current investment environment
HFs and Alternative UCITS AUM are expected to continue a
pattern of growth due to Institutional investors’ allocation
In the current investment environment HF typical fee
structure might distort HF managers’ incentives
HFs and Alternative-UCITS will continue delivering a better
risk/return profile than most market benchmarks
Alternative-UCITS might exhibit performance slippage
Performance Analysis Matters
Impact of regulatory changes
39
Leading Intelligence & Independent Insight
Disclaimer
© Mαthεmα 2011. All Rights Reserved.
Information contained in this presentation are for informational purposes only, and do not constitute investment advice or an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any security of any entity in any jurisdiction.
Although the information herein is believed to be reliable and has been obtained from sources believed to be reliable, we make no representation or warranty, express or implied, with respect to the fairness, correctness, accuracy, reasonableness or completeness of such information. No guarantee is made that the information in this report is accurate or complete and no warranties are made with regard to the results to be obtained from its use. Mαthεmα will not be liable for any loss or damage resulting from information obtained from this Report. Furthermore, past performance is not necessarily indicative of future results.