Ubiquitous Location - Stanford...

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Ubiquitous Location: challenges and opportunities of enabling all-day, everywhere location for all mobile platforms

Stanford PNT October 29, 2014 Greg Turetzky

2 Copyright © 2014 Intel Corpora5on. All rights reserved

Agenda

•  Intel is in mobile?

•  GNSS market trends for consumers

•  Impact of indoor location •  GNSS system architecture

•  Silicon trend impacts

3

Intel’s Mission

3

Utilize the power of Moore’s Law to bring smart, connected devices to

every person on earth.

4

Intel’s Vision If it is smart and connected, it is best with Intel.

4

Data Center Client Ultra-Mobile Wearables/IoT

5

;

Growing Variety of Intel-based LTE Devices

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Internet of Things Group

B*

Lead the industry in transforming businesses and the way we live by making it simple to create exciting, new IoT solutions

GATEWAY

NETWORK INFRASTRUCTURE

DATA CENTER/ CLOUD DATA CENTER/ CLOUD THINGS

7 YEARS

SILICON, SOFTWARE AND SECURITY

SCALABILITY

Devices that connect to the Internet integrating greater compute capabilities using data analytics to extract information

THE INTERNET OF

THINGS:

INTEL CONFIDENTIAL – FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY

GNSS Mass-Market

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GNSS market continues to grow at a rapid pace

Source: GSA GNSS Market Report*


GNSS – Multi Constellation Trends

Source: GSA GNSS Market Report


GNSS Market Segment - By Revenue



Alternative Location Technology Shipments World Market, Forecast: 2010 to 2018

0"

500"

1,000"

1,500"

2,000"

2,500"

2010" 2011" 2012" 2013" 2014" 2015" 2016" 2017" 2018"

(Milli

ons)"

Celluar"

Bluetooth-enabled"

Wi-Fi-enabled"

NFC-enabled "

GPS-enabled"

Inertial Sensors"

Audio"

Other (Nextnav, Boeing, etc.)"

Source: ABI Location Technologies Market Data

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Indoor Location Technology Installations, Split by Vertical Market World Market, Forecast: 2010 to 2018

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Source: ABI Location Technologies Market Data*

Highly fragmented supplier base"


LBS Value Chain


Highly complex ecosystem with each segment looking to differen5ate and mone5ze indoor loca5on

Application Developers

Service and Content Providers

Device Vendors

Operating System providers

Chipset Manufacturers

Venue Owners


Opportunity summary

•  The market opportunity for location is clearly huge and still growing

•  It has expanded from GPS to GNSS and now to Location

•  Indoor location is the next big opportunity •  Not as a standalone opportunity, but rather because it enables

“always located” capability

•  Always located is a requirement for devices that are always with us and always need context

•  Phones, tablets, wearables and internet of things are good examples of known needs


Major shifts in underlying platforms

Time Main Volume PlaZorm

Key Use Case

Featured SpecificaSon

Secondary SpecificaSon

Early 2000s PND Urban Canyon Sensi5vity TTFF

Mid 2000s Feature Phone

E911 TTFF Sensi5vity

2010 -‐ today Smart Phone

LBS Ac5ve Power

Availability (Mul5GNSS)

Coming Soon Wearables/IOT Con5nuous Loca5on

Energy/Day Availability (Hybrid)


Requirements Summary

•  Always located creates new requirements for devices •  Availability at 100%

•  Multi-technology fusion since no single technology can achieve this in a reasonable infrastructure cost

•  Power consumption that allows a minimum of 16 hours of usage (full day) between charges

•  Standby power is MORE important than active power

•  Accuracy that can vary to support multiple applications

•  Size constraints driven by wearables


GNSS Architecture Impact

18

Projected Number of Satellites

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Num

ber of SV's

Year

Projected Number of Satellites for Each Signal Band

Total

L1 C/E1

L5/E5a

L3/E5b

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Test Scenarios – Cold Start Test -‐130dBm Cold Start Test with an iniSal Frequency uncertainty of ±1ppm

75x Difference!

21

Test Scenarios – Hot Start Test

-‐140dBm Hot Start Test with an iniSal Frequency uncertainty of ±0.2ppm & a 160ms search Sme

6X


Typical GPS Spec Sheet General Receiver CharacterisScs Channels 50 Frequency L1 band

Codes GPS C/A, Galileo BOC, Glonass FDMA1

Time-‐To-‐First-‐Fix Cold Start (unaided) 27s Warm Start (unaided) 27s Hot Start (unaided) 1s Aided Starts 1s

Signal SensiSvity Tracking & Naviga5on -‐162 dBm Reacquisi5on -‐160dBm Cold Start -‐147dBm

NavigaSon Max update rate 5 Hz Horizontal accuracy 5m Time sync 30ns Velocity accuracy 0.1 m/s Heading accuracy 0.5 degrees Maximum Dynamics 4g

Power ConsumpSon Supply 3V Continuous 18.5mA 1Hz Power Save 4mA


Silicon Design Impact


Impacts of new requirements on silicon design

•  Standby power reduction impacts •  SRAM is the leakiest component of typical design

•  Needs to be reduced or ideally eliminated

•  Non-continuous fix methods •  Ability to quickly save and restore state information

•  Hybrid location solutions •  Support measurements from multiple radios

•  Need to share radios, not duplicate chains

•  Increased integration of of multiple radios on single die •  Need more interference rejection capability •  Ability to support concurrent radio operation on single die

25

Hi-K Metal Gate

Strained Silicon

3D Transistors

65 nm 45 nm 32 nm 22 nm 14 nm 10 nm 7 nm 90 nm

Enabling new devices with higher functionality and complexity while controlling power, cost, and size

25

Predictable Silicon Track Record Executing to Moore’s Law

26

2 Year Technology Cycles

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Transistor Scaling improve performance

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Scaling also increases speed and reduces power

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But at the expense of increased leakage

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Transistor Performance vs. Leakage

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Design Challenges for GNSS

•  Take advantage of benefits of smaller geometries •  Higher clock speeds, more memory, lower active power, smaller size

•  While greatly reducing standby power from leakage •  New methodologies at chip and system design level

•  Integrate multiple radios on single die to reduce cost and size •  Without creating interference to a very sensitive GNSS radio

•  Integrate multiple radio sources into a single location solution •  Bring together a disparate value chain

32

Intel’s plan

•  Bring our advanced silicon process technology to location •  Provide GNSS and Location silicon with best in class performance

•  Bring our platform level integration capability to merge multiple location technologies •  Intel CPU cores provide ideal platform to integrate hardware and

software for GNSS, BT, WiFi and cellular

•  Bring this capability to multiple products from tablets and phone to wearables

•  Ubiquitous location capability will improve the experience of every mobile product

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