Ubiquitous Learning: Putting the Framework in Place

NizamSecretary of the Board of Higher EducationMinistry of Education and Culture

OCWC International Conference, Bali, 7-10 May 2013

Talking heads

Background

Policy and strategy

OER Policy & Strategy

Background

• Population: 243 million• Member of G-20

(economic scale: 16th)• Key country of ASEAN

(total population: >600 million)• 3rd largest democratic country• Endowed with natural resources

(nat resource per capita > China and India)

• Politically and economically stable (economic growth rate circa 6.4%)

Introduction: Strategic Position

Indonesia 2045Vision

Masterplan Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia Economic Development, 2011-2025

McKinsey (2012)Prediction

DEMOGRAPHIC BONUS

Dependency Ratio semakin kecil (2010-2040):Usia produktif semakin besar (Bonus Demografi), kesempatan dan potensi meningkatkan produktivitas

semakin tinggi, semakin tinggi tingkat kesejahteraan. Namun bila tidak dikelola dengan baik akan menjadi Bencana Demografi.

Kualitas SDM sebagai kata kunci, Pendidikan dan Kesehatan sebagai peran kunci.

OF THE 2025 ECONOMIC MASTERPLANSTRATEGY

Key for development: HRD and Inovation

R & D Challenge

10

Education 2001 2006 2010

Elementary level 63.0% 55.5% 51.5%

Junior High School 17.7% 20.2% 18.9%

Senior High School 10.3% 12.7% 14.6%

Vocational HS 5.5% 6.2% 7.8%

Diploma I,II,III 1.6% 2.2% 2.7%

University 1.8% 3.2% 4.6%

Current Workforce ConditionChallenge

Elementary level

Junior High School

Senior High School

Vocational HS

Diploma I,II,III

University

51.50%

18.90%

14.60%

7.80%

2.70%

4.60%

Improvement of Workforce QualificationChallenge

Source: McKinsey, 2012

Improvement of HR ProductivityChallenge

Sumber: McKinsey, 2012

70.40%

22.40%

7.20% TinggiMenengahDasar

20.40%

39.30%

40.30% TinggiMenengahDasar

INDONESIA 2010

OECD

Data Kemdiknas, Diolah dari: Encyclopedia of Nations, http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/ diakses Januari 2011

SD atau tidak tamat SD

SMP

SMA

SMK

Diploma I,II,III

Universitas

0.00% 20.00% 40.00% 60.00% 80.00%

63.00%

17.70%

10.30%

5.50%

1.60%

1.80%

55.50%

20.20%

12.70%

6.20%

2.20%

3.20%

51.50%

18.90%

14.60%

7.80%

2.70%

4.60%

2010

2006

2001

HIGHER ED

HIGH SCH

ELEMENTARY INCREASEIN PROPORTION

FOR HIGH SCHOOL & HIGHER ED

100%

175%20%

45%

35%

Improvement of Workforce Educational ProfileChallenge

35%

44%

19%

Series1

INDONESIA 2025

14Kepulau

an Ban

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elitu

ng

Sulaw

esi Bara

t

Banten

Kaliman

tan Te

ngah

Kepulau

an Riau

Kaliman

tan Bara

t

Lampung

Jawa T

enga

h

Jawa B

arat

Riau

Kaliman

tan Se

latan

Jambi

Sumate

ra Se

latan

Nusa Te

nggara

Timur

Papua

Jawa T

imur

Bali

Kaliman

tan Ti

mur

Bengk

ulu

Nusa Te

nggara

Barat

Sulaw

esi Te

ngah

Sulaw

esi Te

nggara

Maluku

Utara

Sulaw

esi Utar

aAce

h

Sumate

ra Utar

a

Gorontal

o

Papua B

arat

Sumate

ra Bara

t

Maluku

Sulaw

esi Se

latan

DKI Jaka

rta

DI Yogy

akart

a0.0%

10.0%

20.0%

30.0%

40.0%

50.0%

60.0%

70.0%

80.0%

90.0%

100.0%

7.4%11.3%

13.5%14.1%18.4%

33.8%

Catatan: kesenjangan bukan Jawa-Luar Jawa, bahkan di Jawa kesenjangan sangat lebar

Average GER = 27,4%

Geographical DisparityChallenge

15

Average GER

Source: WB, 2010

Socio-economic DisparityChallenge

Expansion of Higher Education Law 2/1961 : 23 Public HE Development of students

1975: 230,000 students 1985: 1,100,000 students 1995: 2,500,000 students 2001: 3.400.000 students 2005: 3.868.358 students 2008: 4.501.500 students 2009: 4.657.547 students 2010: 5.226.450 students 2011: 5.381.216 students

GER from 2% in 1975 to 27,4% in 2012

16 16

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 -

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

Students

Higher Education SystemExpansion

Policy and Strategyin HE Development

Fulfilling the Demand of Skilled WFSUPPLY

Competent Workforce

Universitas/Institut

Akademi Komunitas

SMK

Training providers

ODL

Politeknik

BANNABKKNI

IQF

BNSP

Framework: UU 12/2012

19

Innovation for sustainable development

Competitive Industry and Economic Development

Competitive Industry & Economy

through skillful workforce

Humah Resource DevelopmentSCHEME

• Grooming 10-20 Research Universities

PT Riset

• One Flagship University & 2 Polytechnics in Every Province

PT Pendidikan

danPoliteknik

• One Community College in Every District/City (521 CC)

Akademi Komunitasutk Tenaga Terampil Setempat

• Improvement in the ration of SMK:SMA

Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan

• Improvement of quality and relevance of training providers

Kursus/Pendidikan Non Formal utk Meningkatkan

Kompetensi Naker Setempat

OER Policy & Strategy

Paris OER Declaration 2012UNESCOThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “Everyone has the right to education” The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural: “the right of everyone to education” The 1971 Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and the 1996 WIPO Copyright Treaty;

The Millennium Declaration and the 2000 Dakar Framework for Action: global commitments to provide quality basic education for all children, youth and adults;

The 2003 World Summit on the Information Society, Declaration of Principles, committing “to build a people-centred, inclusive and development-oriented Information Society where everyone can create, access, utilize and share information and knowledge”

The 2003 UNESCO Recommendation concerning the Promotion and Use of Multilingualism and Universal Access to Cyberspace;

The 2005 UNESCO Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expression,

The 2006 Convention on the Rights of People with Disabilities The declarations of the six International Conference on Adult Education (CONFINTEA) Conferences

BACK

GRO

UN

D

Paris OER Declaration 2012UNESCO

a. Foster awareness and use of OER.

b. Facilitate enabling environments for use of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT)

c. Reinforce the development of strategies and policies on OER.d. Promote the understanding and use of open licensing frameworks.

e. Support capacity building for the sustainable development of quality learning materials.

f. Foster strategic alliances for OER.

g. Encourage the development and adaptation of OER in a variety of languages and cultural contexts.

h. Encourage research on OER.

i. Facilitate finding, retrieving and sharing of OER.

j. Encourage the open licensing of educational materials produced with public funds.

RECO

MM

ENDA

TIO

NS Recommends the states to:

• Equitable access to quality education [Section 6]• Adult and continuing education [Section 13]• Resource Sharing [Section 41 (2)]• Inclusive education (education for people with

disabilities and special education) [Section 32]• Develop distance learning to reach the unreached

[Section 31]• Develop ICT for education [Section 56]• Develop higher education and research network

(INHERENT) [Section 79 (5)]• Develop open educational resources [Pasal 79 (4)]

Framework of UU 12/2012INDONESIA

For Accessible Quality EducationELEMENTS

Accessible

QualityEducation

University(HEI)

Commu-nity

Private Sector

Govern-ment

OER

Technology & Infrastructure

ODL

By integrating the internal ecosystem and external forces, an open education ecosystem within campus can be generated to expedite the adoption of OER

GOVERNMENT AND REGULATION

STANDARDS AND QUALITY

TREN

D O

N E

DU

CATI

ON

VALUES AN

D EXPECTATIO

N

SUPERSTRUCTURE AND POLICIES

INFRASTRUCTURE AND RESOURCES

PEOPLE

STAKEHOLDERS COMMUNITY

LITERACY

PROCESS

EDUCATION DELIVERY

PARADIGM

CONTENT

KNOWLEDGE ASSETS AND REPOSITORY

TOOLS

APPLICATIONS SPECTRUM AND

ICT ROLES

Ecosystem for OER DevelopmentENABLING

A good number of initiatives is being introduced by education communities based on the spirit of sharing and collaborating among scholars and HEIs

PJJ Guru Dalam Jabatan OpenCourseWare OpenJournals

OpenProfessors OpenFacilities OpenConference

OpenLibrary OpenCreditTransfer OpenCreditEarning

OpenEBooks OpenLearning OpenResearch - VL

toward Open Education SystemINITIATIVES

27

Bersama untuk Maju Bersama

Together we Progress