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Ubiquitous GIS Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS

Fall 2007

Ki-Joune Li

http://isel.cs.pnu.edu/~lik

Pusan National University

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Plan

Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS Part II: Geographic Context-Awareness Part III: Implementation Issues of Ubiquitous GIS Part IV: Standardization Issues

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Part I: Basic Concepts of Ubiquitous GIS

Ubiquitous Computing and

Geographic Information Systems

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Cyber Space vs. Ubiquitous Space

VS.

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Internet Space and Virtual Reality

Internet Space

Real World

user user user

Gates to Dive into Internet Space

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Ubiquitous Space and Augmented Reality

Cyber Space

Real World

user

user

user

user

Ubiquitous Space

AugmentedReality

Bridge to connect

Cyber space and real world

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Augmented Reality ?

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Example of Augmented Reality: Primitive One

[Bauhaus Institute]

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Example of Augmented Reality: Overlapping Two Realities

[INRIA]

[Univ. Rochester]

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Example of Augmented Reality:Pedestrian Information

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Example of Augmented Reality

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Example: Scenario

Detection by Sensor

RetrieveContextInformation

Provide AugmentedReality

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Real World

Context Awareness

Device

Augmented Reality Interaction with the real world is substantial

Context-Awareness

A Keyword of Ubiquitous Computing

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Location Awareness in Ubiquitous Computing

Node Node

Where am I ?Who are around me ?

Where will I be ?Who will be around me ?

My location andNodes to collaborate with me

Location: A privileged data in UC

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Is location-awareness enough ?

Nothing but a game !!

We need a map !

What can we do with this compass ?

Location-Awareness

Map: Geographic Context

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Context-Awareness

Context

Internal Context

Static Context(Information-Driven)

Dynamic Context(Sensor-Driven)

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Indoor Space

Road Network Space

Euclidean Space

Spatial Context-Awareness(Geographic Awareness)

SpatialContext

My Status + Location, Speed, Orientation

Geographic Information

Static Context

Geo-Sensor

Dynamic Context

Internal Context

Seamless Space

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Issues in Ubiquitous Computing

Tiny System

Small Size Memory

Small CPU

Energy Problem

Communication

Limited Bandwidth

Limited Mobility

Small Screen

Scalability

Heterogeneity

Platform

Contents

Large number of mobile devices

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Communication Infrastructure

Wireless Communication : Fundamental RequirementWireless Communication : Fundamental Requirement

NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication NOT Only ONE Communication : Convergence of Communication

CDMA : Currently AvailableCDMA : Currently Available

WiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLANWiBro (Wireless Broadband) : Between CDMA and WLAN

WLAN : High Speed, but Limited AreaWLAN : High Speed, but Limited Area

DMB : Broadcasting, One Way CommunicationDMB : Broadcasting, One Way Communication

MANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network InfrastructureMANET (Mobile Ad-Hoc Network) : Without Network Infrastructure

Bluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited AreaBluetooth : High Speed, but Very Limited Area

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RequirementsRequirements

Communication Infrastructure

Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?)Mobility : WLAN (very limited), CDMA (>250 Km/h), WiBro (>60 Km/h ?)

Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA( 100Kbps), WiBro ( 1Mbps)

Bandwidth : Very Large Number of Messages due to Massive Parallelism WLAN (>1 Mbps), CDMA( 100Kbps), WiBro ( 1Mbps)

IPv6 and Ad-Hoc NetworkIPv6 and Ad-Hoc Network

Cheap PriceCheap Price SecuritySecurity

Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km)Coverage : WLAN (100m), CDMA (1~3Km), WiBro(1Km)

CovergenceCovergence

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But Not Like This !

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Summary: Part I

Ubiquitous Computing Environment Augmented Reality Context-Awareness

Context-Awareness Location-Awareness Geographic (Spatial) Awareness

Issues for Ubiquitous Computing