U2-L5

QUIZ WEDNESDAY

Home Construction and Architecture Styles and Vocabulary

Take out your note sheet for notes on residential framing

March 17, 2008

SKELETON-FRAME CONSTRUCTION• Wooden structural members are joined.• They make an open framework for the structure.• Open framework is then covered with layers of other

construction materials to form solid surfaces.

Wood-Frame Systems

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• LUMBER– Hardwoods

• Withstand much wear – flooring and railings• Fine natural finish – cabinets and furniture• From broad-leaved trees – oak, walnet, birch, cherry,

mahogany, maple– Softwoods

• Used for structural members – joists, rafters, studs, sheathing

• From coniferous trees – Douglas fir, pine, cedar

Wood-Frame Systems

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• LUMBER– Plywood

• Thin sheets of wood (plies) laminated together with adhesive

• Can be made in wide sheets and is structurally stable• Construction-grade (softwood)• Veneer-grade (hardwood)

Wood-Frame Systems

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• LUMBER– Nominal dimensions

• Size wood is cut

– Actual dimensions• Wood dries, shrinks• Surface of lumber is “finished” (smoothed)

Wood-Frame Systems

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• Wood-Framing Methods– Balloon Framing

• Invented during the age of the Queen Ann Victorian Style

• Studs are continuous for the full height of the building and joists butt against them

• Rarely used today

Wood-Frame Systems

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STUD – vertical framing member to which materials are fastened

JOIST – horizontal framing member used to support ceiling or floor

• Wood-Framing Methods– Platform Framing

• Used most frequently today• The second floor rests directly on

first-floor exterior walls

Wood-Frame Systems

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STUDJOIST

POST-and-BEAM CONSTRUCTION• Heavy timbers used for floors and roofs.• Larger structural members than skeleton-frame

construction – and spaced farther apart.• 3 basic components – posts or columns, beams, and

planks.• Many members remain exposed for visual appeal.

Wood-Frame Systems

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POST-and-BEAM CONSTRUCTION

SKELETON-FRAME COSTRUCTION

REVIEW

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BALLOON FRAMING

PLATFORM FRAMING

REVIEW

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• LUMBER– Hardwoods

– Softwoods

REVIEW

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• LUMBER– Plywood

• 2 Grades:– Construction-grade– Veneer-grade

REVIEW

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• LUMBER– Nominal dimensions– Actual dimensions

REVIEW

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STUDJOIST

REVIEW

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• Rough Framing of a house is divided into 3 general areas:– Floor Framing System– Wall Framing System– Roof Framing System

Wood-Frame Systems

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Floor Framing Systems

1. T-Foundation

2. Sill

3. Header

4. Joists

5. Subfloor

6. Plate

7. Stud

8. Finished Floor1

23 4

567 8

Wall Framing Systems

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Floor Framing Systems

Go to Sketchup File

Wall Framing Systems

• Studs are placed 16” OC (on-center)• Trimmer studs• Cripple studs • Plate and DBL top plate

U2-L5