U. S. History IIUSII.3 The student will demonstrate knowledge

of how life changed after the Civil War

http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/forts/frontier.html

U. S. History IIReview of U. S. Status prior to Civil War

http://www.heartland.it/map_westward_expansion.html

Why did westward expansion occur?

• Opportunities for land ownership• Technological advances, including the

Transcontinental Railroad.• Possibility of wealth created by the

discovery of gold and silver• A new beginning for former slaves• Adventure

Alaska G

old

Rush

http://www.wicknet.org/history/jvanatta/maps/Post-CW%20maps/postcivilwar.htm

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/west/railroad_notice_1.html

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/west/1869_union_pacific_railroad_poster.html

The Railroad

Why did immigration increase?

• Hope for better opportunities• Religious freedom• Escape from oppressive governments• Adventure

ClickCurrent Immigration

Statistics

http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.constitutioncenter.org/timeline/flash/assets/asset_upload_file224_12150.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.constitutioncenter.org/timeline/html/cw08_12150.html&h=320&w=500&sz=22&hl=en&start=47&tbnid=0BoMVZW5AzpJzM:&tbnh=83&tbnw=130&prev=/images%3Fq%3DUnites%2BStates%2Bimmigration%26start%3D40%26ndsp%3D20%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN

Why did cities develop?

• Specialized industries including steel (Pittsburg) and meat packing (Chicago).• Immigration from other countries

• Movement of Americans from rural to urban areas for job opportunities

ClickHistoric Development of

U. S. Cities

ClickWord Find of U. S.

Citieshttp://www.chicago43rd.org/ArmitageHalsted/index.htm

    HOG Butcher for the World,     Tool Maker, Stacker of Wheat,     Player with Railroads and the Nation's Freight Handler;     Stormy, husky, brawling,     City of the Big Shoulders:

They tell me you are wicked and I believe them, for I     have seen your painted women under the gas lamps     luring the farm boys. And they tell me you are crooked and I answer: Yes, it     is true I have seen the gunman kill and go free to     kill again. And they tell me you are brutal and my reply is: On the     faces of women and children I have seen the marks     of wanton hunger. And having answered so I turn once more to those who     sneer at this my city, and I give them back the sneer     and say to them: Come and show me another city with lifted head singing     so proud to be alive and coarse and strong and cunning. Flinging magnetic curses amid the toil of piling job on     job, here is a tall bold slugger set vivid against the     little soft cities;

ChicagoA poem by

Carl Sandburg,

written in 1916

(stanzas 1-2)

http://www.theotherpages.org/poems/sandb02.html

http://www.theglobalgame.com/gleanusa.html

What inventions created great change and industrial growth in

the United States?• Lighting and mechanical uses of

electricity (Thomas Edison)• Telephone service (Alexander

Graham Bell)

http://www.greenmethods.com/incl_pages/gm_biosindust.php

http://www.att.com/history/milestone_1892.html

http://www.bu.edu/webcentral/learning/fireworks2/preparation.html

What challenges faced Americans as a result of those social and

technological changes?

• Rapid industrialization and urbanization led to overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods and tenements.

http://kclibrary.nhmccd.edu/crane.htm

Efforts to Solve Immigration Problems

• Settlement houses, such as Hull House founded by Jane Addams

• Political machines that gained power by attending to the needs of new immigrants (e.g., jobs, housing)

http://www.people.virginia.edu/~dgs4g/

Challenges Faced by Cities

• Political corruption (political machines)

• Tenements and ghettos

http://pre1900prints.com/Political/political.htm

Interaction and conflict between different cultural

groups• Indian policies and wars

–Reservations–Battle of Little Bighorn–Chief Joseph

• Discrimination against immigrants–Chinese–Irish

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/cartoons/1869_anti_chinese.html

http://www.culture-amerindiens.com/categorie-482968.html

1414

Racial Segregation

• Based upon race• Directed primarily against African

Americans, but other groups also were kept segregated

"Jim Crow" laws were passed to discriminate against African

Americans.

http://maggiesfarm.anotherdotcom.com/uploads/crisis_cafe.jpg

“Jim Crow” Laws

• Made discrimination practices legal in many communities and states

• Were characterized by unequal opportunities in housing, work, education, and government

http://arcweb.sos.state.or.us/exhibits/war/ww1/draft.html

http://www.overthinking.org/portfolio/data/media/4/jimcrow.gif

Booker T. Washington

• Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education

• Accepted social segregation

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/general_images/postcw_gen01.html

W. E. B. Du Bois

• Believed in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans

http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/dubois/aa_dubois_subj_e.html

Reasons for Rise and Prosperity of Big Business

• National markets created by transportation advances

• Captains of industry– John D. Rockefeller—oil– Andrew Carnegie—steel– Henry Ford--automobile

• Advertising• Lower-cost production

http://www.lakemirabel.com/Railroad/RhinebeckConnecticut.html

Rockefeller, Carnegie, Ford

Turn of the Century Oil Fields—the kind that made rockefeller rich

http://www.uh.edu/engines/epi177.htm

Carnegie Steel Works, the largest steel plant in the United States

http://www.spdconline.org/history/Facts/Steel.html

http://voteview.com/rtopic5.htm

Henry Ford’s first car

Factors Resulting in Growth of Industry

• Access to raw materials and energy

• Availability of work force

• Inventions

• Financial resources

http://www.fotosearch.com/ECC117/01040181/

Examples of Big Business

• Railroads• Oil

• Steel

http://bentley.umich.edu/bhl/mhchome/railroad/rrnamel.htm

Postwar Changes in Farm and City Life

• Mechanization (e.g., the reaper) had reduced farm labor needs and increased production.• Industrial development in cities created increased labor needs.

ClickPost-Civil War Farm

Machinery

ClickAgriculture History

Sites

http://pittsfieldhistory.org/index.php?section=home&content=wanted

Negative Effects of Industrialization

• Child labor• Low wages and long hours• Unsafe working conditions

http://www.historyplace.com/unitedstates/childlabor/index.html

ClickChild Labor

Rise of Organized Labor

• Formation of unions—Growth of American Federation of Labor

• Strikes—Aftermath of Homestead Strike

http://www.authentichistory.com/postcivilwar/general_images/1886_painting_the_strike.html

Progressive Movement Workplace Reforms

• Improved safety conditions

• Reduced work hours

• Placed restrictions on child labor

http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture11.html http://www.eagleton.rutgers.edu/e-gov/e-politicalarchive-Progressive.htm

ClickProgressive Movement

Women’s Suffrage

• Increased educational opportunities• Attained voting rights– Women gained the right to vote with passage of

the 19th Amendment to the Constitution of the United States of America

– Susan B. Anthony worked for women’s suffrage

http://newman.baruch.cuny.edu/DIGITAL/redscare/HTMLCODE/CHRON/RS137.HTM http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/lectures/lecture14.html

Temperance Movement

• Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol

• Supported 18th Amendment prohibiting the manufacture, sale, and transport of alcoholic beverages http://us.history.wisc.edu/hist102/photos/html/1144.html

Jeopardy Review

Located on the Web at:

http://www.alleghany.k12.va.us/DGB_ITRT/PP%20Presentations/CM%20Jeopardy/C.M.Jeopardy2.ppt

ClickWord Search

ClickWord Search

Works CitedHomesteading: 70 Years on the Great Plains, 1862-1932. United Learning. 1992. unitedstreaming. 19

October 2006 <http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>.

Locomotive with Riders. Library of Congress. 2006. unitedstreaming. 19 October 2006<http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>.

North to Alaska. MP3 audio file. 24 Oct. 2006 <http://www.dogpile.com/info.dogpl/clickit/search?r_aid= CB26F6B7B0AE44CFA8FBF832671747B0&r_eop>.

San Francisco Longshore Strike. Part I: 1934. Internet Archive. 10 Mar. 2001. 24 Oct. 2006 <http://www.archive.org/details/SanFranc1934_3>.

West Region, The: People and Heritage. 100% Educational Videos. 2001. unitedstreaming. 19 October 2006 <http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>.

Westward Expansion: The Pioneer Challenge. Rainbow Educational Media. 1992. unitedstreaming. 19 October 2006 <http://www.unitedstreaming.com/>.

http://babel.massart.edu