SUBJECT :-ELEMETS OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERINGTOPIC :- To study about types of wiring, cables, Connectors and switches.

ENROLLMENT NO :- 141080107009

BRANCH :- CSE

AMIRAJ COLLEGE OFENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

Cables

• “Several wires stranded together is known as a Cables”.

OR

“Conductors covered with insulation are known as Cables”.

It consists of three parts:-

1. The conductor and core.

2. The insulation or dielectric.

3. The protective covering.

Types of CablesOn basis of conductors

• Single core cable• Multi core cable

On basis of no. of voltage grading

• 250/440 volt cables

• 650/1100 volt cables

On basis of conductor used

• Copper conductor cables

• Aluminium conductor cables

On basis of insulation

1 VIR insulated Cables 5 Weather proof Cables2 TRS/CTS Cables 6 Flexible Chord Cables3 Lead sheathed Cables 7 XLPE Cables4 PVC Cables

CONNECTORS

• “A conductive device used for connecting electrical circuits by means of wires and cables.”

• Wires and cables are connected using permanent and temporary connections.

• Seperable connections are used when circuits can be connected to other electrical components.

Switches

• “An electromechanical device used to connect or disconnect a circuit is known as Switch.”

• The moving part of a switch used to connect or disconnect a circuit is called a Pole.

• If the contact of the switch alternatively connects and disconnects a circuit, it is called a Single Throw Type Switch.

Systems Of Wiring

1. Cleat Wiring

2. Wooden casing and capping Wiring.

3. C.T.S OR T.R.S Wiring.

4. Lead sheathed or metal sheathed Wiring.

5. Conduit Wiring.

Cleat Wiring

Cleat wiring is normally used for temporary wiring purposes.

As a permanent system of wiring, it is not preferred in domestic premises.

It is quite suitable for taking a temporary connection, such as for function, marriages, etc.

o Advantages

1. It is the cheapest system of internal wiring.

2. Its installation and dismantlement is easy and quick.o Disadvantages

1. It is not good looking.

2. It is quite temporary and perishes quickly.o Field of Application

1. The wiring of this type is very suitable for temporary installations in dry places.

2. This is also accepted where appearance is not so important and cheapness is the main consideration.

Field of Application

1. The wiring of this type is very suitable for temporary installations in dry places.

2. This is also accepted where appearance is not so important and cheapness is the main consideration.

Wooden Casing and Capping Wiring

• This is one of cheapest types of wiring and is commonly used for house wiring.

• The cable used in this

type of wiring is either

V.I.R or P.V.C or any

other approved insulated

cables

o Advantages1. Better appearance than cleat wiring.

2. Cheap in cost.

3. Easy to install and rewire.

4. Easy to inspect by opening the capping.

o Disadvantages1. Not suitable in damp places

2. Risk of fire

3. This type of wiring can be used only on surface and cannot be concealed in plaster.

4. Since it requires better workmanship, labour cost is more.

Field of Application

• This type of wiring is suitable for low voltage domestic installations in dry places and where there is no risk of fire hazard.

C.T.S or T.R.S Wiring

• This type of wiring is also used for house wiring and is quite cheap.

• Cab tyre sheathed wire or rubber sheathed wire is normally used as conductor for this wiring.

• The wires are run on the teak wooden battens which are fixed on the wall or the ceiling by means of screws and wooden pluge.

o Advantages1. It is easy to install and repair.

2. Its life is long.

3. It is cheaper then other types of wiring except cleat wiring.

4. Conductors have strong insulation.

o Disadvantages1. The conductors are open and liable to mechanical injury, therefore,

this type of wiring cannot be used in workshops, etc

2. Good workmanship is required to make a sound job in T.R.S wiring.

Fields of Application

1. This type of wiring is suitable for low voltage installations and is extensively used for lighting purpose.

2. This type of wiring is suitable where acids and alkalies are likely to be prescut.

Metal Sheathed Wiring

• This type of wiring is also adopted for low voltage installation.

• This system is more or less similar to C.T.S wiring except that the cable used is different in this wiring system.

• In this system conductors used are insulated with V.I.R and then covered with an outer sheath of lead aluminium alloy containing 95% lead and 5% aluminium.

o Advantages1. Conductors are protected against mechanical injury.

2. It is suitably employed under damp situations.

3. It has longer life.

4. Conductors are protected against chemicals.

o Disadvantages1. Cables are costlier then C.T.S or T.R.S wires.

2. In case of leakage, there is every risk of shock.

3. Skilled labour and proper supervision is required.

Fields of Application

1. This wiring system is suitable for low voltage installations. It may be used in places exposed to sun and rain provided no joint is exposed.

Conduit Wiring

• Conduit wiring system is the best for domestic and commercial installations.

• It provides proper protection to the installation against fire hazards, shock, mechanical damage and dampness.

• The cable used in this system is either V.I.R or P.V.C insulated qand is run in mild steel or P.V.C pipes called as conduits.

o Advantages1. Conduit provides protection against mechanical injury and

fire.

2. Conduit provide protection against chemicals.

3. The whole system is water proof.

4. Conductors are safely secured from moisture.

o Disadvantages

1. It is costly system of wiring.

2. It requires more time for erection.

3. It requires highly skilled labour.

Fields of Application

1. As this system of wiring provided protection against fire, mechanical injury and dampness, this is the only approved system of wiring for:

2. Damp situations

3. In workshops for lighting and motor wiring

4. Place where important documents are kept such as a record room.

THANK YOU