Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal...

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Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!

Transcript of Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal...

Page 1: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

Types of Mutations

The power of the BASE!!

Page 2: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

A MUTATION is a change in the DNA1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex.

Down syndrome

2) ***Gene mutations- affect a SINGLE gene – smaller effect

Page 3: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

i.Frameshift Mutations 1.Insertion – a new base is ADDED to a codon INSERT A “G”

ex. AUG UAC GGU AUG GUAC GGU AUG GUA CGG U

2. Deletion – a base is REMOVED from a codon REMOVE THE “U”

ex. AUG UAC GGU AUG AC GGU AUG ACG GU

Page 4: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

•Huntington Disease: Caused by an Insertion Mutation. You die young (40s or 50s) but you don’t normally know you have it until after you have passed it on to your children.

Page 5: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

•Cystic Fibrosis is a disease sometimes caused by a deletion of a single T base. The hallmark symptoms of cystic fibrosis are salty tasting accumulation of thick, sticky mucous, frequent lung infections, coughing, shortness of breath.

• Inherited (Recessive Trait)

Page 6: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

1. Missense- a NEW amino acid is coded forEx. UUU is Phenylalanine Ex. UUA is Leucine  

 

ii. Point Mutation (base substitution) one base is EXCHANGED for another

Page 7: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

•Sickle cell anemia is caused by a single base substitution!!! The “sickle” shaped red blood cells don’t carry oxygen as well.

Page 8: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

Examples of disease caused by SILENT mutations….????

2. Silent – no CHANGE in the amino acid sequence

Ex. CCC is ProlineEx. CCG is Proline

Page 9: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

3. Nonsense- A STOP codon before gene is done being translated (Stop codons are UAA, UAG, UGA)

Ex. UGG is Tryptophan but UGA is STOP

!

Page 10: Types of Mutations The power of the BASE!!. A MUTATION is a change in the DNA 1) Chromosomal Mutations – affect MANY genes ex. Down syndrome 2) ***Gene.

Duchenne’s Muscular dystrophy can be caused by a nonsense mutation. Look how much shorter the protein is.

The disease causes muscle weakness. It usually leads to death by the mid 30s because muscles used to breathe also get weaker.


chromosomal mutation

chromosomal mutation

Chapter 7a - DNA mutation and repair : Mutation and adaptation Types of mutations

Chapter 7a - DNA mutation and repair : Mutation and adaptation Types of mutations

f. Deletiongrayepc.weebly.com/uploads/2/3/6/2/23621820/dna_mutation.pdf · Point mutations b. Gene mutations c. Silent mutation d. Missense mutation e. Nonsense mutation f. Deletion

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Mutations and DNA Technology. What is a mutation? A mutation is a change in DNA Two types of mutations are gene mutations and chromosome mutations.

Mutations and DNA Technology. What is a mutation? A mutation is a change in DNA Two types of mutations are gene mutations and chromosome mutations.

Mutation - WordPress.com...Mutation • A mutation is a change in the nucleotide sequence of a short region of a genome. • Many mutations are point mutations that replace one nucleotide

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GENETICS & EVOLUTION: CHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE & MUTATION Chapter 7.2.

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Gene and Chromosomal Mutations. What is a mutation? Mutations are changes made to an organism’s genetic material. These changes may be due to errors in.

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Honors Biology CH 9 Notes Chromosomal Mutations. What is a mutation? Changes in the genetic material (DNA). A feature of DNA.

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Lecture 11 Chromosomal mutations - jcu.czkmb.prf.jcu.cz/userfiles/media/file/slides_for_lecture_11.pdf · Lecture 11 Chromosomal mutations 1. Topography of chromosomes 2. Changes

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Chromosomal Mutations - Western Oregon Universitywou.edu/~guralnl/311Chromosomal Mutations.pdf · Chromosomal Mutations • Chromosome structure • Variation in Chromosome structure

Chromosomal Mutations - Western Oregon Universitywou.edu/~guralnl/311Chromosomal Mutations.pdf · Chromosomal Mutations • Chromosome structure • Variation in Chromosome structure

Gene & Chromosomal mutation Chicken - SUNY- · PDF filemain types: 1. Single-gene mutations Relatively small changes in DNA structure that ... mutation rate - likelihood that a gene

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Chromosomal mutations - The University of Vermontbiology/Classes/101/Ch8.pdf · Chromosomal mutations Chromosomal mutations - variations from the normal (wild type) condition in chromosome

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Mutation, Transposition, and Repair. A.Gene Mutation 1. Mutations are Classified in Different Ways:

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Mutations€¦ · Types of Mutations Chromosomal Mutations •Inversion •Duplication •Deletion •Translocation •Nondisjunction Gene Mutations •Point Mutations •Silent •Missense

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2. CHROMOSOME MUTATION. Chromosomal Mutation Mutation involving a long segment of DNA. Involves Numerical abnormalities- number of chromosomes changes.

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Chapter 13.3 (Pgs. 372-376): Mutations. Mutations -Are heritable changes in genetic information -Have two major types: -Chromosomal mutations -Point mutations.

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1 Chromosomal mutations A mutation is a change in the DNA Generally, mutations are considered at the gene level, but some types of mutations involve addition,

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