Presented by

NIRANJAN MOHAPARRAMLIS Scholar, IGNOU

“Discuss the different types of

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION”

Seminar Code: AST/SEM/Jul.2013-Jan. 2014

MLI-101 : Information, Communication and Society

Objectives:To understand the terms “Information” and

“Communication”.

To know the relationship between “Information” and “Communication”.

To discuss different types of “Information Communication”.

Introduction:Information has always been a component of growth

and development in human life starting from the primitive days of human civilization to the present day.

Communication has been taking the role of connecting people and sharing/ exchanging information among the human beings.

Communication is one of the most pervasive human activities during the last of 20th centuries and the beginning of 21st centuries.

Although Human beings have always communicated face to face, communication has become ever more widespread due to emergence of new technologies and invention of electronic communication.

1440Printing Press

1844Telegraph

1876Telephone

1879Photographic1895

Wireless Telegraphy

Invention Milestones of Electronic Communications

1901Radio Transmission

1906Radio Telephone

1923Television

1923Television

1940-45Radar

1940-45Radar

1948Transistor

1948Transistor

1950Cable TV

1950Cable TV

1964Computer

1969Internet

1970TCP/IP

1972E-mail

1975-81Personal Computers use

1983Cellular Telephone

1989World Wide Wave

1990Web Search Engine

1991Internet Browser

1998Digital / HD TV

1954Color TV Broadcasting

1962Satellite Communication

Information:There is no single universal definition for the term “Information”. It may be define as:

Information is obtained through processing of data.(Where data is the observed facts, obtained from a systematic survey related to certain activity)

“Data acquired” by informing or by being informed is Information.

Information is a flow of messages.Hence it is a part of communication process.It is the building block of knowledge.Information is an element of knowledge spectrum.

Information:

DATA

INFORMATION

KNOWLEDGE

WISDOM

Ascending Scale

Ascending Scale

Communication: The word “Communication is derived from the Latin

word “Communis” which means sharing.“Communication” is the process of sharing ideas,

information, and messages with others in a particular time and place.

The connection between two or more people to exchanging their knowledge/Ideas is Communication.

It is the transmission/exchange process of data/information.

It is an Information transformer system.

Shannon Weaver Model of Communication Process

Communication:

InformationSource ChannelChannelTransmitte

r Receiver Destination Source

NoiseSource

SignalMessage Signal

Message

Information Communication:“Information Communication” means the communication

of Information. It is a combination of two different terms “Information “and “Communication”. Although these have different meanings, but working at one place. Hence these are interrelated. In “Information Communication” the relationship between “Information” and “Communication” are;

Information as a phenomenon.Communication as a process.

Types of Information Communication:

By Source:VocalNon-VocalVerbalNon-Verbal

By Destination:IntrapersonalInterpersonalGroupMass/Public

By Purpose/ StyleFormalInformal

“Information Communication” may be classified in different categories by different characteristics and different concepts.

Types of Information Communication:

By Destination

By Destination

By SourceBy Source

Vocal

Non-Vocal

Verbal

Non-Verbal

Intrapersonal

Interpersonal

Group

Public/Mass

Types of Information CommunicationTypes of Information Communication

Oral

Written/Documentary

Audio/Visual

Print/Written

Digital/Electronics

Kinesics-Body Signals

Iconics- Object/ Design Signals

Haptics- Touch Signals

Proxemics- Space Signals

Chronemics- Time Signals

Personal Appearance – Dress Signals

Para linguistic- Complementary mean Signals

Signs

Signals

Symbols

Postures

Muscle Tension

Sleep

Tranquilisers

Emotions

By Purpose and StyleBy Purpose and Style

InformalFormal

Vocal Communication:The Communication source uses vocal chords is known as “Vocal Communication”. From shouting to spoken language is the range of this type of communication. The vocal organs permit the production of sound effects. Hence these types are known as vocal communication.

Examples: human voice/singing, Bird calls, animal noises, etc.

Non-Vocal Communication:In a “Non-Vocal Communication” there are using of signs, signals, and symbols for the source of communication system.

Signs (Ex.- umpire’s signs, traffic police signs etc.)

Signals (Ex.- railway/airline transport signals, mob network signals etc.)

Symbols (Ex.-Symbols use in mathematics/classification schemes etc.

Verbal Communication:The communication through use of words is

“Verbal Communication”. Examples: Speech/speaking, talking,

reading, writing etc.

These are categorized different types :Oral Communication

Documentary/ Written Communication Print/written Audio/Visual Digital/ Electronics

Non-Verbal Communication:

This type of Communications refers to actions such as vocalisations, facial expressions, gestures and some other human behaviors.

Examples: Communications by touch, by tone, by facial expression etc.

Non-Verbal Communication:“Non-Verbal Communication” is also can be classified

in different types as following;

Kinesics- Body SignalsHaptics- Touch SignalsProxemics- Space SignalsChronemics- Time signalsAppearance-Dress SignalsIconics- Object signalsPara Linguistic- Complimentary meaning

Intrapersonal Communication:The communicating within one person him/herself is known as “Intrapersonal Communication”. The source and the destination is one person in this type of communication system. Here the sender is relevant organ, receiver our brain, also feed back by brain of one person only. The “Intrapersonal Communication” also different types as followings;

PosturesMuscle tensionSleepTranquiliserEmotions

Examples: writing, reading, observing etc.

Interpersonal Communication:The Communication between two or more than two persons is “Interpersonal Communication”. It could be face-to-face or using of any media i.e. telephone, letters, message, e-mail etc. In this communication the person have to develop certain skills to connect with new persons which will be able to control the situation.

Examples: Teaching/learning, customer relation, talking/chatting etc.

Group Communication:The communication involving many people in a group is known as “Group Communication”. Here the source (speaker) and the destination (Listener) are shifted among the participants. Usually this type of communication takes place in a small group within 25 members. Also it may be in a large group; here the communication happens between one or more than one person to a group of audience.

Examples: Meetings, group discussions, seminars, conferences etc.

Public/Mass Communication:This type of communication refers to the communication between one person or a group of persons communicate to a large audience/recipient through a special media i.e. print, broad casting,

Examples: Books, periodicals, newspaper, TV, film, Internet etc.

Formal Communication:“Formal Communication” conforms to established

professional rules, standards, and process.Such communications are generally in written and

may take any of the forms, policy manuals, procedures and rules.

Communication takes place through formal channels of the organization structure along the lines of authority established buy management.

It is a type of communication with record.It avoids using slang terminology.

Examples: Books, memoranda, official meetings, reports, email, conference proceeding, etc. 

Informal Communication:“Informal communication” is just a casual talk

generally happens among friends and family.Usually it is done orally and using gestures. It doesn’t follow any authority lines. It has no recorded about communication.It is established for societal affiliations of members

in an organization and face-to-face discussions.

Examples: Speech, talking, discussions, any live performance etc.

Reference:Books: IGNOU. (2003).MLI-101: Information, Communication and 

Society (pg. 15, 42-55, 96-102)Kahate, Atul. (2008) Information Technology (pg. 11.1)Frenzel, Louis. (2002) Communication Electronics (Pg. 2)

Web sites:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Communication (visited 18.04.14)http://knowledgeyatra.com/wp-

content/uploads/2011/10/TypesOfComm1.jpg  (visited 18.04.14)http://www.hsc.csu.edu.au/business_services/services_120/com

municate/4029/types.htm (visited 22.04.14) http://www.notesdesk.com/notes/business-

communications/types-of-communication/ (visited 22.04.14)

thank

you