NUR BA’YAHANNISA BT MOHD TAHIR

33ETM14F2003

SITI FATIMAH BT AHMAD 33ETM14F2002

NUR SYUHADA BT MOHD ALI MERICAN

33ETM14F2001

SITI FARDIANA BT ZAKARIA

33ETM14F2015

• There are four elements that must be

present for a fire to exist.

• There must be oxygen to sustain

combustion, heat to raise the material

to its ignition temperature, fuel to

support the combustion and a chemical

reaction between the other three

elements.

• Remove any one of the four elements to

extinguish the fire.

• The concept of Fire Protection is based

upon keeping these four elements

separate.

Extinguish the fire by taking away

the heat element of the fire triangle.

Foam agents also separate the

oxygen element from the other

elements.

Water extinguishers are for class a

fires only

They should not be used on class b

or c fires.

The discharge stream could spread

the flammable liquid in a class b fire

or could create a shock hazard on a

class c fire.

Extinguish fire by taking away

the oxygen element of the fire

triangle

It also removing the heat with a

very cold discharge.

Carbon dioxide can be used on

class b & c fires.

They are usually ineffective on

class a fires.

CARBON DIOXIDE

FIRE

EXTINGUISHERS

DRY POWDER EXTINGUISHERS

Are similar to dry chemical except that

They extinguish the fire by separating

the fuel from

The oxygen element or by removing

the heat element of the fire triangle.

However, dry powder extinguishers are

for Class D or combustible metal fires,

only.

They are ineffective on all other classes of

fires.

FIRE CONTROL METHOD & FIRE

PROTECTION METHODA fire hazard is situation where there is greater than

normal risk of harm to property or people due to fire.

It can be defined as a hazardous area where fire will

start or where smokes or gasses can be generated, or

where an explosion can occur endangering the lives

of people.

The most common method to control a class-A fire is to

remove heat by spraying the burning solid fuels with

water.

Another method of controlling a class-A fire would be to

reduce the oxygen content of the atmosphere in the

immediate vicinity of the (i.e., "smother" the fire),

such as by the introduction of an inert gas such as

CONTINUE…

Fire control is the practice of reducing the heat output

of a fire, or reducing the area over which the fire

exists, or suppressing or extinguishing the fire by

depriving a fire of fuel, oxygen or heat

Some Class-B fires (hydrocarbons, petroleum's, and

fuels on fire) cannot be efficiently controlled with

water.

Fuels with a specific gravity less than water, such as

gasoline or oil, float on water, resulting in the fire

continuing in the fuel on top of the water.

forming a blanket on top of the liquid fuel which

eliminates the oxygen needed for combustion.

Some class-B fires can be controlled with the

application of chemical fire suppressants.

FIRE CONTROL

EQUIPMENT

Fire extinguisher

• Is an active fire protection device used to

extinguish or control small fires, often in

emergency situation

Hydrant and fire hose reel

• A Fire Hydrant System in an effective and

efficient means of extinguishing large fires,

which can otherwise cause devastation.

• Hydrant System enables the fire fighter to

attack the seat of the fire from a distance.

Smoke detector and heat detector

• Is a device that senses smoke, typically as an

indicator of fire.

• Be signal to a fire alarm control panel

Fire alarm• Is a set of equipment working together to detect and

alert people through visual and audio appliances when smoke or fire is present

• Active from smoke , heat detector, water flow sensors which are automatic or from manual fire alarm pull station

Water sprinkler• Is the component of a fire sprinkler system that

discharges water when the effects of a fire have been detected

Fire blanket• Fire blankets can be used to extinguish small fires in

the home, caravan, boat or garage.

• Also be used to wrap around a person whose