1. UCLA NewsScape: The Archive of International Television News A Transformative Approach to Using the News in Teaching, Research, and Publication Sharon E. Farb Todd GrapponeAdd slideshare link UCLA

2. What is NewsScape? A UCLA Broadcast (and more) News Archive Expanding archive of over 196,000 distinct recordings of news programs captured and digitized Searching of program-level metadata as well as actual program content, utilizing the more than 1.1 billion words of closed-caption texts, as well as on-screen texts, detected visual shapes, and other attributes of the audiovisual stream Over 11 Billion Images 44 million snapshot images, taken once every 10 seconds to aid in visual navigation of each recording Grows at about 1TB per month

3. It all starts with the mission UC Policy on Copyright Ownership Section I. Preamble The creation of copyrighted works is one of the ways the University fulfills its mission of contributing to the body of knowledge for the public good. The University encourages the creation of original works of authorship and the free expression and exchange of ideas. http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/copyright/systemwide/pcoi.html Intellectual Property in the Digital Age Series

4. The Mission of Higher Education 4 Principles (Pelikan, 1992) The advancement of knowledge through research The extension of knowledge through teaching The preservation of knowledge in libraries, galleries and museums The diffusion of knowledge through scholarly publication Jaroslav Pelikan, The Idea of the University: A Reexamination, 1992 CLIR Postdoctoral Fellows 2008

5. UCLA TV News Archive Infrastructure Web Searching & browsing Account Access server control serve Playback requests Users r Audio and video Search index & DBScheduler Capture Authorized videos Encoder Requests Encoded Low- video latency Streaming storage Videos server Snapshots Analysis scripts Remote High- backup Mirroring capacity storage

6. Sources of TV news videos Terrestrial broadcast, cable, or satellite TV signal. Contains video, audio and closed captioning streams.

7. Video capture scheduling and monitoring Audio and videoScheduler Capture Scheduler interface to select programs for recording

8. Video capture, encoding, and storage Audio and video Raw ATSC video (approx. 60-70 GB/hour) compressed toScheduler Capture H.264 448x336, AAC at 96 Kbps (250 MB/hour) Encoder Encoded Low- video latency Isilon X200 storage network-attached Snapshots Analysis disk storage array scripts Images taken at 10-second intervals to enable visual navigation

9. Metadata updates TOP|20110204130001|2011-02- 04_0500_KCET_BBC_World_News COL|Communication Studies Archive, UCLA UID|d9149328-3062-11e0-8555-001517add60e Audio DUR|0:29:49.48 and video Search The Apache Solr search index index & is updated in real-time DBScheduler Capture CC1|20110204130013|>> THIS IS "BBC WORLD NEWS." CC1|20110204130016|FUNDING FOR THIS PRESENTATION Encoder CC1|20110204130018|IS MADE POSSIBLE BY THE FREEMAN CC1|20110204130023|FOUNDATION OF NEW YORK, STOWE, Encoded Low- videoCC1|20110204130024|VERMONT, AND HONOLULU. latency CC1|20110204130027|NEWMANS OWN FOUNDATION. storage CC1|20110204130028|THE JOHN D. AND CATHERINE T. CC1|20110204130029|MACARTHUR FOUNDATION. Snapshots Analysis CC1|20110204130030|AND UNION BANK. scripts CC1|20110204130058|>> AND NOW, "BBC WORLD NEWS." CC1|20110204130104|>> EGYPTS PROTESTERS CALL THIS CC1|20110204130110|THE DAY OF DEPARTURE. CC1|20110204130111|THEY WANT THE PRESIDENT TO STEP CC1|20110204130113|DOWN IMMEDIATELY.

10. Video data backup Audio and video Search index & DBScheduler Capture Encoder Encoded Low- video latency storage Snapshots Analysis scripts Remote High- backup Mirroring capacity storage

11. User interaction and video selection Web Searching & browsing serve Users r Audio and video Search index & DBScheduler Capture Authorized videos Encoder Encoded Low- video latency storage Snapshots Analysis scripts Remote High- backup Mirroring capacity storage

12. Archive search interface

13. User authentication and video viewing Web Searching & browsing Account Access server control serve Playback requests Users r Audio and video Search index & DBScheduler Capture Authorized videos Encoder Requests Encoded Low- video latency Streaming storage Videos server Snapshots Analysis scripts Remote High- backup Mirroring capacity storage

14. Search results and video playback interface

15. What is news, n. ?* New things; novelties. Obs. The report or account of recent (esp. important or interesting) events or occurrences, brought or coming to one as new information; new occurrences as a subject of report or talk; tidings. With sing. concord. Now esp. such information as published or broadcast. As predicate: a person, thing, or place regarded as worthy of discussion or of reporting by the media.* Oxford English Dictionary Online

16. All material must be used within Title 17 USC 108 (f) (3)Core Collection:ABC, CBS, NBC, CNN,Fox News, specialnews such asWatergate, 9/11, etcLoan requests receiveDVDsFees are charged tocover costs

17. Section 108 Study Group Report Executive Summary Television News Exemption The television news exemption should be amended to allow libraries and achieves to transmit view-only copies of television news programs electronically by streaming and similar technologies to other section 108 eligible libraries and archives for purposes of private study, scholarship, or research under certain conditions, and after a reasonable period has passed since the original transmission. Any amendment should not include an exception permitting libraries and archived to transmit downloadable copies.

18. Internet Archive: Searchand DVD Borrowing350,000 news programs collected over3 years from national U.S. networksand stations in San Francisco andWashington D.C.The archive is updated with newbroadcasts 24 hours after they areaired.21 Networks

19. Fair Use: Tranformativeness Beyond Vanderbilt4 Factors 17 USC 107 Transformativeness The purpose and character Did the unlicensed use of the use transform the The nature of the copyrighted material by copyrighted work using it for a different The amount and purpose? substantiality of the Was the amount and portion used nature of the material used The effect of the use on the appropriate? market or value of the copyrighted work

20. UCLA Transformativeness Post Capture Processing Selection of sources useful in teaching and research Video capture Metadata updates Archive search Tool development Etc etc

21. NewsScape as a research archiveMixing with other digital collections.

22. Use in Research/Best Practices Use Cases news archive in teaching and research Multi-modal research and teaching Comparative studies Using copyrighted material as the object of a social, political, or cultural critique Using copyrighted material for illustration or example Capturing copyrighted material incidentally or accidentally Capturing, Reproducing, to memorlize or preserve

23. Libraries of all kinds during the centuries of their existence have had a common objectiveone so generally accepted that it is seldom made explicit. It is the conservation and organization of the worlds resources of recorded thought and fact so as to make them available for present and future users. Robert D. Leigh, The Public Library in the United States, 1950

24. THANK YOU!Contact:Sharon E. Farbfarb@library.ucla.eduTodd Grapponegrappone@library.ucla.edu

25. References 17 USC 107 17 USC 108 Bill Graham Archives v. Dorling Kindersley Limited (2nd Cir. 2006) 448 F. 3d. 605 Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Online VideoCenter for Social Media Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for Academic and Research Libraries Library Copyright Alliance Brief on Streaming of Films for Educational Purposes Jaszi, Peter. Reclaiming Fair Use, University of Chicago Press, 2011 Netanel, Neil W., Making Sense of Fair Use. Lewis & Clark Law Review, Vol. 15; UCLA School of Law