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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

dkuhdkjhfgazkcfyBogkhc.iag

5#622 wazdy

]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf

Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy h` Tviya` ky

@fw Fzk Jfoh`y Ketfz Fcfitha`y

jx Dkuhd Gazkcfy

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;

IMKRTFZ A@F

]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf

Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy h` Tviya` ky @fwFzk Jfoh`y Ketfz Fcfitha`y

H mkuf jff` oftth`o zf{vfyty ezag kzav`d tmf iav`tzx tak`kcx~f wmkt mkrrf`fd h` tmf TVYD yimaac jakzd

fcfitha` tmhy wffl _ma wa` k`d wmkt dafy ht gfk`1

Tmf zyt {vfytha` hy fkyx ta k`ywfz ya wf ik` oft tmayf

ekity avt ae tmf wkx zhomt `aw

Ky ae tmf thgf ae tmhy wzhth`o# k`d tmh`oy mkuf t

imk`ofd gvim cktfcx# ht krrfkzy tmkt tmf tmzff arf` yfkty

whcc oa ta Lzhytfc Eaytfz k`d h`ivgjf`t Gkzl Ytfofgk`wma jatm oat kjavt ;9& ae tmf uatf eaccawfd jx Ikg

Nvkzf~ wma zfifhufd ;2& ae tmf uatf

Tmhy gfk`y tmf `fw TVYD yimaac jakzd whcc jf

oaufz`fd jx tmzff rfarcf wma iagjh`fd ekhcfd ta fuf` oft

42& ae tmf uatf# jvt jfh`o a` tmf TVYD yimaac jakzd

dafy `at gklf a`f rarvckz k`xwkxy# kt cfkyt `at h` k oaad

wkxNvyt kyl Ghimkfc Mhily kjavt mhy h`tfzuhfw a` tmf Dkhcx

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

:

Ymaw

Tmf zfkya` ht mky tklf` gf k efw dkxy ta wzhtf daw`gx tmavomty hy jfikvyf tmf yhtvktha` hy ufzx iagrchiktfd

Zkihyg mky jff` rfzefitfd h` Tviya` k`d he H wky k

wazlh`o a` k rachthikc yihf`if dhyyfztktha` tmhy wavcd jf

gx thtcf

Maw ta oft Rzaozfyyhuf Dfgaizkty ta f`kjcf zkihyt

Zfrvjchik` rachihfy> Ezag Lck`yjklf ta Dh}hfizkty ta

OzhnkcuhytkyJfeazf ia`th`vh`o a`# cft vy jf icfkz kjavt tmf zkihyg

h`uacufd mfzf _f da`t gfk` zkihyg ky h` am tmkt rfzya`

hy zkihyt jfikvyf `a a`f hy zkihyt k`xgazf @at fuf`

Zvyyfcc Rfkzif k`d Ymfzhee Kzrkha wma mkuf Ckth`ay chlf

Ytfuf Ga`tf`foza ky ezhf`dy `a a`f hy k zkihyt

Xft zkihyg ythcc tmzhufy

H` TVYD tmkt zkihyg mky k` aeihkc iktfoazx tmkt `aa`f ik` dhyrvtf tmkt hy l`aw` ky Yfozfoktha` wmhim wky

yvrrayfd ta mkuf jff` jk``fd jkil h` ;864 h` kcc rvjchi

yimaacy Xft ketfz tmzff dfikdfy v`dfz k efdfzkc

dfyfozfoktha` azdfz# Tviya`y ckzofyt yimaac dhytzhit wky

rckifd jkil v`dfz ht ketfz ht wky chetfd h` :228 ketfz Nam`

Rfdhia`f jfikgf TVYD yvrfzh`tf`df`t k`d Gkzl

Ytfofgk` jfikgf jakzd rzfyhdf`t Tmhy efdfzkcdfyfozfoktha` azdfz ythcc krrchfy ta TVYD# k`d tmh`oy mkuf

oattf` ya jkd tmkt tmfx kzf `aw l`awh`ocx jzfklh`o tmf

azdfz yh`if tmh`oy kzf ya jkd tmkt tmfx kzf kczfkdx h`

tzavjcf# ya wmx imk`of tmkt `aw

Yfzhavycx

Tmf `f}t imkrtfz h` TVYD Zkihyg hy df`htfcx kjavt

ta jfoh` h` tmhy mhytazhi k`d yxgjachi xfkz ae :2;:# wmfzf

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

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6:2 xfkzy ketfz ;48:# ivctvzkc k`d mhytazhikc of`aihdf

ia`th`vf h` tmf 6:2 kzfk iadf# ck`d ae tmf jk``h`o aeGf}hik` Kgfzhik` mhytazx k`d chtfzktvzf ickyyfy# ck`d ae

jk``fd jaaly ae Imhik`a k`d @kthuf Kgfzhik` kvtmazy#

k`d wmkt gklfy tmhy yhtvktha` ya iagrchiktfd h` tmf

ck`d ae tmf rzaozfyyhuf ytza`omacd ae Tviya`# Kzh~a`k#

wmfzf 4 avt ae 6 TVYD jakzd gfgjfzy kzf Dfgaizkty

k`d 9 kzf ezag k ozavr l`aw` v`aeihkccx ky

Ozhnkcuhytky az tmayf v`dfz tmf iaggk`d ae Tviya`yImhik`a lh`ogklfz Da` Zkvc Ozh nk cuk# VY

Ia`ozfyygfgjfz k`d eazgfz Ck Zk~k V`hdk gfgjfz

K cat mky imk`ofd h` tmf 4 dfikdfy yh`if Ck Zk~k

V`hdk gaufgf`t# k`d tmf ykgf hy tzvf eaz Tviya`y

Imhik`a oadektmfz# wma ufzx yxgjachikccx jfok` mhy aw`

zhyf ta rawfz a` tmf TVYD yimaac jakzd

@aw tmkt xav l`aw wma wa` tmf fcfitha`# mfzf kzf k

chyt ae tmh`oy tmkt gvyt jf ia`yhdfzfd h` azdfz ta k`kcx~f

k`d iagf ta xavz aw` ia`icvyha` kjavt Tviya`y evtvzf h`

Ckth`a fdviktha`

; Tmf mhomcx k`thihrktfd k`d kcc'rawfzevc V htkzx

Ytktvy Rck` -VYR( whcc jf gkdf rvjchi tmhy Ezhdkx#

@aufgjfz 8tm# :2;:: Tviya`y ckzofyt yimaac dhytzhit hy jzalf# h` dfjt kt

cfkyt $;? ghccha` Rzar :24 wky k rayyhjcf yacvtha`

gkdf jx Nam` Rfdhia`fy ezhf`d K`` Fuf ezag tmf

Ihuhchtx Ev`d tmkt wavcd mkuf gkdf tmf

tfgrazkzx ; if`t fdviktha` tk} tmkt f}rhzfy yaa`

rfzgk`f`t Rzar :24 ekhcfd tmhy wffl

9 Yvrfzh`tf`df`t Rfdhia`fy ia`tzkit wky f}tf`dfdzhomt jfeazf tmhy Fcfitha`# k`d ky tmf gkh`

ajytkicf ta rzaozfyy h` TVYD k`d eaz Ckth`a

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

4

fdviktha`# tmf zfkya` mf zfgkh`y h` rawfz

rzauhdfy h`yhomt h`ta tmf rachthiy ae fdvikth`oCkth`ay

4 TVYD hy v`dfz gvcthrcf Aeif ae Ihuhc Zhomty

h`ufythoktha`y# k`d gazf kzf iagh`o

6 Maw ga`fx mky jch`dfd caikc Dfgaizkty caikccx#

ky `ktha`whdf# wma ekhc ta ytk`d vr eaz nvythif h`

f}imk`of eaz rfzya`kc rawfz Tmf TVYD zkif hy

ccfd whtm gk`x yvim ytazhfy Tmf yho`hik`if ae Zkvc Ozhnkcuky cfokix

iagfy evcc ihzicf ky tmhy `fw imkrtfz h`

Tviya`y mhytazx jfoh`y

Kcc ae tmhy gvyt jf ia`yhdfzfd jfeazf iagh`o ta k`x

gfk`h`oevc ia`icvyha`y# ky xav whcc yff

IMKRTFZ T_A

Efdfzkc Dfyfozfoktha` Azdfz kokh`yt TVYD

H` tmf cktf ;852y# Zkvc Ozhnkcuk wky a`f ae tmf mk`devc ae

Imhik`ay tmkt iavcd jf eav`d kt tmf V`hufzyhtx ae Kzh~a`k

k`d taoftmfz tmhy ygkcc ozavr ytkztfd k caikc imkrtfz ae

tmf Gauhghf`ta Fytvdhk`thc Imhik`a df K~tck` -GFImK(

Tzk`ycktfd ht jkyhikccx gfk`y ht hy k Imhik`a Ytvdf`t

gaufgf`t# k`d ht wky `ffdfd# whtm cfyy tmk` ;22

Imhik`ay kttf`dh`o tmf VKA`f ae tmf dfgk`dy ae GFImK wky tmf izfktha` ae

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

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Imhik`a Ytvdhfy Yimaacy wfzf fuf` gvim wazyf jkil

tmf` wmf` ht ikgf ta cfkz`h`o k`x ae tmf mhytazx tmkt taalrckif mfzf jfeazf Gk`hefyt Dfyth`x# jfeazf tmf gxtmhikc

iawjaxy ikgf ta tkgf tmf _hcd _fyt k`d tklf ikzf ae tmf

ykukof h`dhk` rzajcfg

A`f ytazx H zfikcc hy tmkt yimaacy a` tmf yavtmyhdf oat

tmfhz jaaly ezag tmf `aztmyhdf yimaacy wma wfzf

dhyikzdh`o tmfg jfikvyf tmfx wfzf oftth`o `fw fdhtha`y

Tmfzf kzf gk`x ytazhfy ae zkihkc h`nvythif tmkt xav ik``d# k`d avt ae tmhy gaufgf`t kzayf Zkvc Ozhnkcuk wma

wavcd zv` ta jfiagf tmf zyt Imhik`a a` tmf TVYD

yimaac jakzd

Mf cayt h` ;8?: eaz jfh`o taa zkdhikc# wmhim wky tmf

xfkz ae tmf Ck Zk~k V`hdk rkztx

Ck Zk~k wavcd jf k tfzg tmkt wavcd mkv`t mhg k`dTVYD fuf` ta tmhy dkx eavz dfikdfy cktfz

Ozhnkcuk wavcd f`d vr yfzuh`o tmzff tfzgy a` tmf

yimaac jakzd# tmf ykgf `vgjfz ae tfzgy mhy dkvomtfz

Kdfchtk Ozhnkcuk mky yfzufd# mkuh`o wa` mfz tmhzd tfzg h`

:2;2 wmhim hy vr h` :2;4 Tmhy jht ae h`eazgktha` whcc jf

vyfevc cktfzHt wky v`dfz Zkvcy tfzg a` tmf yimaac jakzd tmkt

TVYD efcc v`dfz k dfyfo azdfz# k`d h` tmkt thgf wmhcf mf

mky zhyf` ta Rhgk Iav`tx yvrfzuhyaz# tmf` ta VY

Ia`ozfyygk` eaz mhy yh}tm tfzg `aw# TVYD hy ythcc v`dfz

tmhy dfyfo azdfz+

@aw ekyt'eazwkzdh`o ta zfif`t xfkzy# tmf TVYD yimaacjakzd kdartfd tmf Rayt'V`htkzx Rck` h` :228 Tmf a`cx

dhyyf`th`o uatf wky tmkt ae Gkzl Ytfofgk` wma ykhd tmkt

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

5

tmf zfkya` mf arrayfd tmf RVR wky jfikvyf ht f}rk`dfd

Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` Ytvdhfy

Ytfofgk` nvyt wa` zffcfitha` tmhy wffl

Tmfzf hy k cat oah`o a` kt tmhy thgf h` tmf ckyt 4'5 xfkzy#

jvt tmf eaivy mfzf hy a` tmf dfyfo hyyvf

Nvyt jzhfx# h` :225 wky wmf` tmf wkz a` Ftm`hi Ytvdhfy

jfok` whtm Ytktf Yvrfzh`tf`df`t Tag Maz`f gklh`o htmhy tar tkzoft Tmzff jhccy cktfz# `aw whtm Oaufz`az Nk`ft

@krachtk`ay ufta oa`f ketfz ymf gaufd ta Magfck`d

Yfivzhtx# Nk` Jzfwfz wavcd yho` MJ::=; h`ta ckw k efw

wffly ketfz YJ;2?2 Tmkt hy k`atmfz rza`o h` mhytazx tmkt

gfzofy whtm tmhy ytazx ufzx yaa`

Efdfzkc Nvdof Jvzx# jkyfd h` Tviya`# zfkch~fd tmkt

TVYD wky ythcc v`dfz k dfyfo azdfz ketfz tmzff dfikdfy# yamf dfihdfd ht wky thgf ta gauf Mf azdfzfd tmf rkzthfy

h`uacufd ta wzhtf vr k Rayt'V`htkzx Rck`< v`htkzx jfh`o

tmf tfzg tmkt zfefzy ta `at jfh`o yfozfoktfd k`xgazf

A`if tmf RVR wky kdartfd# mf wavcd chet tmf dfyfo azdfz

k`d TVYD iavcd gauf a` h` oaad ekhtm ky ca`o ky

zkihyg dhd`t ia`th`vf

_mkt gk`x da `at zfkch~f hy tmkt h` Tviya`# fuf` whtmDfgaizkty h` imkzof ae fufzx cfufc ae oaufz`gf`t#

h`icvdh`o tmf yimaac jakzd# zkihyg whcc kcwkxy `d k magf

k`d fuf` rzatfitha` jx tmf f`kjcfzy ae zkihyg

H` :228# tmf dfyfo azdfz hy chetfd

H` :2;2# Kzh~a`k jk`y Ftm`hi Ytvdhfy Tmhy wky tmf

ykgf xfkz ky YJ;2?2 k`d atmfz izk~h`fyy# h`icvdh`o tmf

jk` ae tfkimfzy whtm kiif`ty jx tmf Kzh~a`k Dfrkztgf`tae Fdviktha`

Tmf cv`kthiy mkd tklf` aufz tmf kyxcvg

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

?

Tmf` yagftmh`o mkrrf`fd V`dfz tmf `fw zvcf ae

TVYD yvrfzh`tf`df`t Nam` Rfdhia`f k`d yimaac jakzdrzfyhdf`t Gkzl Ytfofgk`# tmf ekgavy @h`tm Iavzt ae

Krrfkcy# tmf ykgf a`f tmkt mfkzd tmf yvrfz'hgraztk`t

Gf`df~ uy _fytgh`ytfz yimaac dfyfozfoktha` wmhim wavcd

jf k rzfifdf`t eaz tmf Jzaw` u Jakzd dfihyha`# zfufzyfd

Nvdof Jvzxy cheth`o ae tmf dfyfo azdfz a` TVYD# rckih`o

ht jkil v`dfz k efdfzkc dfyfo azdfz yh`if zkihyg wky ythcc

zv``h`o zkgrk`t v`dfz Rfdhia`f k`d Ytfofgk`y zvcfTmhy wky k mvof fgjkzzkyygf`t ta Nvdof Jvzx wma mkd

mhy dfihyha` zfufzyfd Jvt Jvzx chufy h` Tviya`# k`d ky k

rawfzevc efdfzkc nvdof mf f`naxy kiifyy ta tmf vrrfz

fimfca` ae Tviya`y fchtf# yvim ky gfgjfzy ae YKCI

wmhim Nam` Rfdhia`f wky tmf Uhif Rzfyhdf`t ae jfeazf

tklh`o aufz TVYD Jfh`o k Zfrvjchik` krrah`tff h` tmf

ck`d ae Kzh~a`k yvoofyty k cat kjavt a`fy ytk`if a` hyyvfyzfcktfd ta Gf}hik`y

Ht wky kcya k yckr h` tmf ekif ta Rfdhia`f# wma hy h`

imkzof ae tmf dhytzhit tmkt tmf efdfzkc iavzty kzf ikcch`o

yfozfoktfd V@DFZ MHY _KTIM

Ky rkzt ae tmhy @h`tm Ihzivht dfihyha`# tmf RVR wavcd

zfgkh` h` rckif v`thc tmf Yrfihkc Gkytfzy `fw V`htkzx

Ytktvy Rck` ofty zfufkcfd tmhy EzhdkxJvt tmhy dfihyha` wky h` :2;;# k`d v`dfz tmf RVR tmf

GKY rzaozkg wky rzatfitfd k`d ht fuf` ytktfy tmkt ht

ymavcd jf f}rk`dfd

@aw tmayf h` imkzof ae TVYD -Dfgaizkty( eav`d

tmfgyfcufy h` k rzfdhikgf`t tmkt ymavcd `at mkuf f}hytfd#

jvt zfgfgjfz tmhy hy k `fw zkihyg tmkt Tviya` mky

izfktfdTmf Efdfzkc iavzt azdfz izfktfd k`d rzatfity GKY#

wmhcf k `fw ytktf ckw tzhfy ta jk` ht K`x ytvdf`t ae

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

=

Kgfzhik` Oaufz`gf`t whcc tfcc xav tmkt tmf Efdfzkc

oaufz`gf`t tzvgry tmf ytktfK`x ytvdf`t ae mhytazx whcc tfcc xav tmkt tmhy hy f}kitcx

tmf yhtvktha` tmkt hy zv` h`ta h` tmf mhytazx ae zkihyg< tmf

ytktfy zhomty uy efdfzkc azdfzy tzxh`o ta f`d yfozfoktha` h`

tmf Yavtm

_htm tmf efdfzkc oaufz`gf`t a` tmfhz yhdf kokh`yt tmf

ytktf# wmkt wavcd tmf Dfgaizkty imaayf ta da1 A`

Nk`vkzx ;2tm# ketfz k zfiaggf`dktha` jx Nam` Rfdhia`f#tmf Mhily zfyacvtha` wky rzarayfd wmhim wavcd jk` GKY

hggfdhktfcx Ht rkyyfd 4'; whtm Kdfchtk uath`o @A

Rkzt ae tmhy azdfz wavcd jf tmf hggfdhktf jk``h`o ae

jaaly# wmhim h`icvdfd ? jaaly tmkt gf`tha`fd jx `kgf

tmkt ik``at jf tkvomt avt ae kt kcc# k`d k`x jaaly tmkt

gf`tha`fd zkif# ickyy k`d arrzfyyha` wmhim hy wmkt cfd

kyyhytk`t yvrfzh`tf`df`t Kjfc Gazkda ta jk` TmfTfgrfyt# Ymklfyrfkzfy ytazx kjavt iaca`h~ktha` k`d

yckufzx h` tmf @fw _azcd# ezag Ivzthy Kiaytky Ckth`a

Chtfzktvzf ickyy

@aw tmf jho dkx hy mfzf k`d tmhy wffl hy wmf` tmf Yrfihkc

Gkytfzy zfrazt hy zfcfkyfd ta tmf rvjchi Ht hy f}rfitfd jxgk`x tmkt kt cfkyt twa mvof imk`ofy whcc tklf rckif>

; Jhch`ovkc Fdviktha # jk``fd jx tmf Ytktf ae

Kzh~a`k# whcc zftvz` ta TVYD

: Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` Ytvdhfy# kcya jk``fd# whcc

zftvz` ta TVYD

Tmhy hggfdhktfcx jzh`oy vr k dhcfggk# k`d tmhy hy wmxtmhy wmacf kyia hy ya iagrchiktfd Tmfzf kzf ya gk`x

`aaly k`d izk``hfy tmkt gklf tmf yrzfkdh`o ae

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

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fdviktha`kc jvttfz ta tmf wmacf ae tmf jzfkd yvzekif

`fkzcx hgrayyhjcf Rfzmkry tmhy hy wmx k ygaatmfz tazthcckymavcd jf vyfd# jvt F`ochym gve`y zfgkh`

Rfdhia`f wavcd hyyvf yfufzkc rzf'fgrthuf ytzhlfy ta lffr

GKY kwkx ezag TVYD# wmhim wky ajuhavy ta fufzxa`f k

xfkz koa wmf` Rfdhia`f krrah`tfd Dz Cvrhtk Okzihk ' k

rfzya` wma wky kczfkdx rvjchicx l`aw` ta mktf GKY#

wma tmavomt GFImK ymavcd jf jk``fd ezag TVYD eaz

jfh`o v`Kgfzhik` k`d wma arrayfd tmf k``vkc CVCKIia`efzf`if eaz jfh`o taa zkdhikc ' ta yvrfzuhyf tmf GKY

rzaozkg

Ta vyf k` k`kcaox ta f}rckh` tmf zyt ytzhlf# cft gf zfefz

ta k` k`kcaox zfcktfd ta k tarhi k`atmfz rza'GKY

navz`kchyt# Nfee Jhoofzy# ezf{vf`tcx wzhtfy kjavt h` tmf

Mve`ota` Rayt Mf tf`dy ta eaivy a` twa tarhiy# k`d `at

whtmavt kiihdf`t H jfchfuf< Kzh~a`k -h` rkzthivckz tmfkttkil a` Ckth`ay( k`d iakc gh`h`o

Gav`tkh`'tar zfgaukc hy k jkd tmh`o ymavcd jf

ytarrfd# jvt tmf gh`h`o iazrazktha`y nvythex tmf rzaifyy

wmhim h`icvdfy tmf f}rcayha` ae tmf tar ae k gav`tkh` ta

oft kt tmf iakc v`dfz`fktm# jx ykxh`o tmkt ketfz tmf iakc hy

zfgaufd tmf gav`tkh`'tar hy zfytazfd Xav ik` yff

tmfyf ckvomkjcf zfytazktha`y eaz xavzyfce k`d xavhggfdhktfcx zfkch~f tmkt tmfzf hy `a yvjythtvtf eaz tmf

azhoh`kc rfkl tmkt wky zfkimfd# tmf jfkvtx k`d l`awcfdof

k`d mhytazx k`d ivctvzkc yho`hik`if# k`d tmfyf

zfytazktha`y whtm ozkufc kzf k` h`yvct ta tmf chef# rck`t k`d

k`hgkc k`d ev`oh k`d jkitfzhk# tmkt a`if tmzhufd a` tmf

gav`tkh`

@at a`cx hy tmf tar dfytzaxfd# jvt ya hy fufzxtmh`odaw`mhcc ezag tmfzf# ky tmf azhoh`kc gav`tkh`tar hy

dvgrfd aufz tmf ichee h`ta tmf ukccfxy jfcaw# yagfthgfy

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

;2

ytarrh`o tmf aw ae zhufzy tmkt jzavomt tmf wktfz ae chef

eaz of`fzktha`y

Tmfzf hy `a zfrckifgf`t tmkt hy kiifrtkjcf Nvyt ythil

whtm tmf gav`tkh`tar a` wmhim chef tmzhufd

Gav`tkh`'tar zfgaukc hy wmkt Rfdhia`f hy tzxh`o ta yfcc

Ckth`ay `aw Zktmfz tmk` tmf cft gho`a` ae Gf}hik`

Kgfzhik` Ytvdhfy# wmhim wky izfktfd jx tmf Tviya`iaggv`htx k`d wmhim hy rzauf` ta icayf tmf kimhfufgf`t

okr whtm Ckth`a ytvdf`ty# Rfdhia`f `aw wk`ty ta ymauf

tmf imfkr mkgjvzofz gfkt ae gvcthivctvzkc ivzzhivcvg

daw` avz tmzakty

_mhcf tmf hdfk ae gvcthivctvzkchyg hy k oaad a`f# h`

fdviktha`kc rzkithif ht hy `at k rfdkoaox tmkt ik` zfrckif

GKY Jfeazf Kgfzhik` Mhytazx wky kjcf ta jf uhfwfdezag k Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` rfzyrfithuf# jfeazf jaaly iavcd

jf zfkd jx kvtmazy tmkt xav zfcktfd gazf ta< h`icvdh`o

Imhik`a k`d @kthuf Kgfzhik` kvtmazy Jvt `aw kcc tmkt

ik` jf cfkz`fd kzf ymazt y`hrrfty h` tmf mhytazx jaaly#

eaat`atfy h` tmf rktm ae Kgfzhik` Gk`hefyt Dfyth`x# gfzf

f}ifzrty h` mvof k`tmacaohfy ae ytazhfy

Ya jfeazf jk``h`o tmf GKY rzaozkg ht krrfkzy# jkyfda` zfgkzly jx jakzd gfgjfz Ghovfc Ivfuky a` tmf `homt

tmkt Rfdhia`f zfd GKY dhzfitaz Yfk` Kzif ezag TVYD#

tmkt k dfkc mkd jff` zfkimfd jfeazfmk`d tmkt wavcd

fchgh`ktf GKY k`d zfrckif ht whtm k Gvcthivctvzkc

Ivzzhivcvg Ta mfcr yfkc tmhy dfkc# mf rvt Dz Kvovyth`f

Zagfza h` imkzof ae tmhy tkyl# k`d wmf` kylfd he mf

wavcd zfkccx yfcc avt mhy iaggv`htx# Zagfza wavcdzfgkzl tmkt mf mkd mhy ekghcx ta tmh`l ae zyt

. . .

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

;;

Fufzxa`f mky k iayt

H` kddhtha`kc ta tmhy Gvcthivctvzkc Ivzzhivcvg wmhim `a

a`f zfkccx l`awy maw f}kitcx hy yvrrayfd ta jf

hgrcfgf`tfd -xav `ffd ta tzkh` tfkimfzy# jvx gazf jaaly

k`d zfyavzify# fti(# Rfdhia`f k`d mhy jakzd izfktfd tmf

Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` Ytvdf`t Yfzuhify dfrkztgf`t ta kcya

zfrckif GKY Tmf `fw GKYY rzaozkg aeefzfd `a ickyyfy#

nvyt kiifyy ta tvtazy k`d mfcr he `ffdfd Tmhy gfk`y tmktTVYD hy oah`o jkilwkzdy h` tfzgy ae rzaozfyy yh`if ht hy

`at ya gvim tmkt ytvdf`ty `ffd tvtazy ta rkyy tmfhz

-K`oca'( Kgfzhik` Mhytazx ickyy# hty tmkt tmfx `ffdfd tmf

ickyy ta jf gkdf gazf zfcfuk`t ta tmfg# wmhim hy wmkt

GKY kiiagrchymfd

Ya Rfdhia`f `aw mky twa mkcufy wmhim da`t fuf` kddvr ta k wmacf# cfkuh`o k mvof macf k`d dah`o `atmh`o ta

icayf tmf ozawh`o kimhfufgf`t okr tmkt Ckth`ay ekif#

fyrfihkccx h` TVYD wmhim hy aufz 52& Ckth`a

Tmf Ckth`a iaggv`htx mky zfnfitfd jatm ae tmfyf mkce'

kyyfd krrzakimfy# dfgk`dh`o tmf cft'gho`a` ae GKY ta

jf jzavomt jkil eaz avz ytvdf`ty wma dfyfzuf tmf jfyt XftRfdhia`f mky yagf rachthiay eaacfd# k`d k chttcf rachthikc

yvrrazt ta evccc tmf foay ae evtvzf ikzffzy ik` oa k ca`o

wkx

Gazf kjavt tmhy cktfz

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

;:

IMKRTFZ TMZFF

Jzalf

Eaz f}kgrcf# rfarcf yvim ky gxyfce tmh`l ht hy k jho

ghytklf ta mkuf tmf gayt zfif`t Uhif'Rzfyhdf`t ae YKCI

h` imkzof ae Tviya`y ckzofyt yimaac dhytzhit wmhim ia`tzacy

mv`dzfdy ae ghccha`y ae dacckzy Tmf ia`yrhzkix wky

ajuhavy ezag tmf jfoh``h`oYKCI wky rvymh`o twa rzarayhtha`y h` :2;2 A`f#

wmhim ekhcfd# wavcd mkuf tklf` ia`tzac ae tmf Ihtx ae

Tviya` Tmf atmfz# wmhim rkyyfd# kccawfd TVYD ta ytkzt

yfcch`o aee ukcvkjcf rzarfztx eaz rf``hfy a` tmf dacckz< k

dfufcarfzy dzfkg Ta f`yvzf tmhy gkytfz rck`# YKCI

rvymfd hty Uhif Rzfyhdf`t ky tmf `f}t TVYD

yvrfzh`tf`df`t k`d uahck< Rzar 42: k`d Rfdhia`f iagf h`kt tmf ykgf thgf kcgayt f}kitcx twa xfkzy koa

Rzar 42: kccawfd TVYD ta ytkzt yfcch`o aee hty

rzarfzthfy

Mfzf hy tmf twhytfd tmh`o Tmf rarvcktha` h` Tviya` hy

ozawh`o# xft TVYDy rarvcktha` lffry ymzh`lh`o ky wmhtf

homt aiivzy ta imkztfz yimaacy Ya tmhy cfkufy yimaacy whtm

cfyy ytvdf`ty# wmhim cfkdy ta tmfg jfh`o icayfd k`d tmf`jfh`o yacd aee imfkr ta dfufcarfzy

Caal kt tmf _zhomtytaw` Yimaac f}kgrcf ta cfkz` gazf

kjavt tmhy rzaifyy Ht wky kjcf ta jf yacd v`dfz Rzar 42:#

k`d tmhy rzhgf rzarfztx a` tmf fkyt'yhdf ae taw`# `fytcfd

kga`oyt acd gfy{vhtfy kca`o tmf zhufz wky kjcf ta jf yacd

ta tzk`yeazg h`ta mhomfz'df`yhtx ia`day Gk`x thgfy k

rckif'`kgf tmkt f`dy h` taw` hy k mhytazhi rckif# kcaiktha` tmkt gfk`y yagftmh`o jfeazf Tviya` ozfw k`d

ywkccawfd ht vr# k`d yvim hy tmf ikyf eaz tmhy yimaac rkyt

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

;4

Yagf 92'42 yimaacy wfzf `aw tkzoftfd eaz ratf`thkc

icayvzf@aw# ytfr kyhdf eaz k gagf`t ezag tmf `k`ify k`d

rachthiy h`uacufd mfzf K tfkimfz hy k yrfihkc rfzya`#

yagfa`f wma hy`t kcwkxy h` ht eaz tmf ga`fx Tmfx da ht

eaz k`atmfz zfkya` @aw xav mkuf tmf mhomcx'rkhd

kdgh`hytzktha` iagh`o h` k`d tfcch`o xav tmkt xavz ikzffz#

xavz yimaac# xavz ickyyzaagy# fufzxtmh`o tmkt xav cauf hy kt

zhyl ae jfh`o lhccfdTmhy rvty k` f`azgavy kgav`t ae ytzfyy a` tmf raazcx'

rkhd fdviktaz Tmf dkgkof hy kczfkdx da`f

Ytfr ; hy ta hdf`thex tmf `a`'arthgkc yimaacy

Ytfr : hy ta ytkzt icayh`o tmfyf `fhomjazmaad yimaacy

Ytfr 9 ae Rfdhia`fy rck` rzaufy kcc tmf ia`yrhzkihfy

iazzfit

@aw wmkt wf da# ketfz icayh`o daw` tmfyf hgraztk`t

yimaacy# hy ta rkyy k ja`d eaz mv`dzfdy ae ghccha`y ae

dacckzy ya tmkt wf ik` jvhcd mvof gfok'yimaacy# az wmkt H

ikcc tmf _kcgkzth~ktha` ae rvjchi fdviktha` Tmhy wazly

avt ozfkt eaz kcc tmf YKCIhfy

Tmf dfufcarfzy oft ghccha`y eaz jvhcdh`o tmfyf `fwyimaacy Tmf h`izfkyfd tzk`yraztktha` iayty ta oft fufzxa`f

ta tmfyf `a`'`fhomjazmaad yimaacy h`izfkyfy tmf `ffdy eaz

tmf Nhg Ichily ae Tviya` wma zfrzfyf`t tmf kvta h`dvytzx

Tmf yimaacy tmkt kzf yacd aee ta jfiagf ia`day jf`ft tmf

Da` Dhkga`dy wma zfrzfyf`t zfkc fytktf

@fufz cft k oaad izhyhy oa ta wkytf

K`d a` tar ae kcc tmhy# oft xavz ezhf`dy ezag tmf

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

;6

Rfdhia`f'imffzcfkdh`o ozavr l`aw` ky tmf Ihuhchtx Ev`d#

gkdf vr ae Za` Jkzjfz k`d Nk`ft Gkziattf k`d K`` Fuf#tmf _mhtf Rzhuhcfof eav`dktha`# ta jkil xav vr nvyt ky tmfx

dhd ketfz tmf TVYD tzkofdx wmfzf Rfdhia`f mkd ? wagf`

kzzfytfd k`d aufz ;22 TRD mkzkyy k`d yagfthgfy

rmxyhikccx kyykvct tmf Ckth`a iaggv`htx

@aw rvym Rzar :24# wmhim wavcd oft xav fuf` gazf

ga`fx uhk k ; if`t ykcfy tk} @a a`f ik` arrayf ht#

jfikvyf hty eaz fdviktha` @fufzgh`d tmkt yagf ae htoafy ta jvhcd zakdy hty ythcc eaz fdviktha` @fufzgh`d

tmkt yagf ae ht oafy ta mhzf gazf DRY aeifzy hty k`

fdviktha` jhcc dkgght ythil ta tmf yizhrt+

A` Tvfydkx# Fcfitha` Dkx :2;:# Kzh~a`k uatfzy

zfnfitfd Rzar :24 jx k gkzoh` ae kjavt :';

Tmfyf gfk`y tmkt Rfdhia`f k`d TVYD jakzd kzf h`

gfok'tzavjcf wmf` ht iagfy ta `k`ify @fufzgh`d tmkt

twa ae tmf TVYD jakzd gfgjfzy kzf VK Fia`aghiy

rzaefyyazy# h`icvdh`o Gkzl Ytfofgk` wma mky k RmD

ezag GHT _mhcf Dfgaizkty kzf jvyx kdghzh`o mhy a`'

rkrfz izfdf`thkcy# zfkchyty kzf zfkch~h`o tmkt kcc tmkt

Fia`aghiy daitazkc ytzf`otm iavcd`t fuf` jkck`if kyhgrcf jvdoft h` Tviya` Dhd H gf`tha` tmkt tmfzf kzf

ivzzf`tcx T_A VK Fia`aghiy rzaefyyazy a` tmf TVYD

jakzd1

Hty k cat dheefzf`t wmf` xav tzx ta tvz` kcc tmkt kjytzkit

`a`yf`yf h`ta zfkchtx# wmfzf ga`fx hy zfkc k`d rf`dfnkdky

oft xav `awmfzf

H` :2;2 gx kttf`tha` ytkztfd tvz`h`o tawkzdy tmhy gk`

tmkt `a a`f wky tkclh`o kjavt k`d xft mf wky kjavt ta tklf

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

;5

ia`tzac ae TVYD

Mhy `kgf wky Nam` Rfdhia`f k`d kt tmkt thgf mf wkytmf Uhif Rzfyhdf`t ae YKCI Yagf ae tmf GKY tfkimfzy

mkd tklf` Dz Rfdhia`fy ickyyfy h` tmf VK Fdviktha`

dfrkztgf`t -xfy# tmkty k wmarrh`o 9 VK rzaefyyazy

cfkdh`o TVYD h`ta tmf kjxyy(# k`d tmfx mkd `atfy ae mhg

tkclh`o kjavt oftth`o aufz tmkt gvcthivctvzkc `a`yf`yf

Kyyhghcktf hy wmkt tmfx wfzf tkvomt

Jkil tmf` H wky tzxh`o ta oft Kzh~a`ky zyt Imhik`a ta

tmf VY Yf`ktf fcfitfd Mf hy k cat gazf wfcc'l`aw`

`awkdkxy# jvt jkil tmf` Tmzff Ya`azk`y k`d Tmf

Efktmfzfd Jkytkzd wfzf tmf a`cx rckify xav wavcd `d

`fwy a` Zk`dx Rkzzk~

Ht wky f}kitcx jfikvyf ae Zk`dx k`d GKY tmkt H gft

Lzhytfc Eaytfz# a`f ae tmf `fwfyt TVYD jakzd gfgjfzywma wky tmf tar'uatf ofttfz h` tmf fcfitha` tmhy wffl H

yvoofytfd tmkt Zk`dx kttf`d tmf kcc'`homt uhohc eaz GKY kt

TVYD wmhcf mf wky h` taw`# k`d mf dhd Ht wky cktf h` tmf

`homt# k`d H h`tzadvifd mhg ta Yfk` k`d Kvoohf k`d

atmfzy

Kiiazdh`o ta Lzhytfc# tmhy wky wmf` ymf dfihdfd ta

yvrrazt mhg Mfzf hy k VY Yf`ktf ik`dhdktf iagh`o avt kt`homt ta yvrrazt GKY# mfy oat gx uatf+

Ya wmhcf H wky mfcrh`o whtm tmf Rkzzk~ ikgrkho` H

jfikgf oaad ezhf`dy whtm Lzhytfc _mf` H mfkzd kjavt

Rfdhia`f# H kylfd kzav`d# k`d ht wky Lzhytfc tmkt okuf gf

tmf gayt l`awcfdof ae mhg tmkt zyt xfkz Lzhytfc vyfd ta

wazl h` Ecawh`o _fccy wmhcf Nam` Rfdhia`f wky tmf

yvrfzh`tf`df`t k`d ymf wkz`fd gf kjavt mhy k`th'Ckth`awkxy

Tmhy wky dvzh`o tmf thgf tmkt jhch`ovkc fdviktha` wky

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

;?

kjavt ta jf jk``fd# k`d Rfdhia`f wky yvim k tzaarfz#

gklh`o tmf ytktf yvrfzh`tf`df`t Tag Maz`f ya ykthyfdtmkt mf wa` yvrfzh`tf`df`t ae tmf xfkz Gk`x ia`yhdfz

tmhy k ckvdkjcf kimhfufgf`t# jvt ta gf hty chlf oftth`o k

gfdkc ae ma`az h` tmf fkzcx ;842y jx tmf Ofzgk` cfkdfz

H kcya cfkz`fd tmkt tmfzf wky tmhy kd tmkt tmf COJT

iaggv`htx taal avt h` tmf yimaac rkrfz Rfdhia`f ikccfd

h` tmf rfzya` jfmh`d ht k`d kylfd wmx tmf mfil tmfx

rvjchymfd ht# yh`if Ecawh`o _fccy mky `a okx ytvdf`tyKdfchtk Ozhnkcuk wky wkz`fd fuf` jx Kvoohf Zagfza

wma vyfd ta tkcl yagf gvim izkr kjavt tmf k`th'GKY

zkihyt Rfdhia`f< wma wavcd mkuf tmavomt mf wavcd mkuf

tklf` mhy yhdf twa xfkzy cktfz h` f}imk`of eaz $82L k xfkz1

Ga`fx aufz Gf}hik`y Fufzxa`f mky k rzhif

Cktfz h` :2;2# Rfdhia`f wky v`k`hgavycx krrzaufd jx

tmf TVYD jakzd H` Dfifgjfz ky k tfgrazkzx kduhyaz ta

TVYD mf wky gklh`o $;222 k dkx ykckzx# k` kgav`t mf

ia`th`vfy ta gklf ta tmhy dkx# h` kddhtha` ta tmavyk`dy rfz

ga`tm h` rfzly yvim ky mhy kvtagajhcf rkilkof wmhim

kccawy mhg ta mkuf k `fw evfc'h`feihf`t tzvil tmkt tklfy

mhg ta k`d ezag mhy Aza Ukccfx magf a` tmf oace iavzyfta ;2;2 fufzxdkx

A` Gkx 9zd# :2;; mf rzaufd f}kitcx maw rawfzevc tmf

tf`tkicfy ae jfh`o rzatfitfd jx YKCI whcc oft xav Ht wky

a` tmkt dkx tmkt mf wky kjcf ta oft aufz ;22 Tviya` rachif

ta TVYD# y`hrfzy a` tmf zaae# daoy# mfchiartfzy# zhat ofkz

kzgfd k`d zfkdx iary ta rzatfit tmf rawfz ytzvitvzf kytmfx tzhfd ta kttkil GKY tmkt `homt

. . .

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

;=

Yfuf` jzkuf wagf` ytaad vr tmkt `homt ta yrfkl k`d

Rfdhia`f mkd tmfg kcc kzzfytfd eaz Ezff Yrffim _mx tmfrachif wfzf tklh`o azdfzy ezag Rfdhia`f hy k`atmfz

{vfytha`# fyrfihkccx wmf` Rfdhia`f mkd TRD iagf h`

whtm ymhfcdy aufz tmfhz ekify k`d kzgfd ta kzzfyt Kdfchtky

oadgatmfz

Cvrf Ikythcca f`tfzfd tmf TVYD jakzd zaag wkclh`o

h` a` twa izvtimfy# wmhim hy maw tmf 58'xfkz acd dhykjcfd

Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` mhytazx rzaefyyaz ofty kzav`d Ymfytaad vr k`d ytkztfd zfkdh`o ezag GCLy Cfttfz ezag

Jhzgh`omkg Nkhc k`d Rfdhia`f azdfzfd mfz kzzfyt

Tmf rachif tzhfd ta oft mfz ta dzar ta tmf ozav`d ya tmfx

iavcd kzzfyt mfz az wmktfufz iary da wmf` tmfx jzh`o 58'

xfkz acd dhykjcfd wagf` ta tmf ozav`d Tmf f`thzf thgf#

Kdfchtk dhd `atmh`o a` tmf jakzd# `fufz h`tfznfith`o ta ykx

mfx Rfdhia`f# tmkty gx `h`k xav kzf gfyyh`o whtm# jkilaee+

@fufz dhd ymf tfcc tmf iary `at ta jf zavom whtm mfz

@atmh`o

Ht wky icfkz kt tmhy rah`t tmkt Kdfchtk tzvcx wky

Rfdhia`fy Rzh`ifyy

Cktfz tmkt ga`tm# Nk`ft Gkziattf wavcd f}fzt mfz aw`wmhtf rzhuhcfof k`d iagf ta Rfdhia`fy khd @aw# lffr h`

gh`d tmkt tmf X_IK# wmhim Gkziattf wky tmf dhzfitaz ae#

ickhgfd ta jf tmf rckif eaz wagf`y zhomty k`d zkihkc

nvythif Mfzf xav mkuf Gkx 9zd# k dkx wfzf ? _AGF@

wfzf kzzfytfd h` yvrrazt ae zkihkc nvythif azdfzfd

kzzfytfd jx Nam` Rfdhia`f# k`d wmayf yhdf dafy Gkziattf

tklf1Ymf jzavomt taoftmfz mfz ezhf`dy ezag tmf Ihuhchtx Ev`d

ta ykuf Rfdhia`fy hgkof< `fufz ia`yhdfzh`o macdh`o mhg

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

;8

kiiav`tkjcf Tmfhz k`ywfz wky ta yrf`d caty ae ga`fx

rvtth`o gvzkcy kcc aufz TVYD ykxh`o Jf Lh`dTmf gvzkcy wfzf ia`ytzvitfd jx Jf`y Jfccy# wmhim

yagfmaw jfikgf tmf @ajfc Rfkif Rzh~f h` Tviya` ketfz k

gknaz rzarkok`dk rvym jx tmf Ihuhchtx Ev`d

Ta rzauf maw twhytfd tmhy kof`dk wky# tmf ufzx `f}t

ga`tm ketfz Rfdhia`f jk``fd GKY k`d yf`t if`yazymhr

ga`htazy h`ta tmf ickyyzaagy ta zfgauf tmf jfcaufd jaaly

ky tmf ytvdf`ty k`d tfkimfzy izhfd wmhcf tmfhz rzfihavyl`awcfdof wky jfh`o zfgaufd# Nam` Rfdhia`f wky

kwkzdfd k Jf`y Jfccy+

Lffr tmkt h` gh`d Rfdhia`fy rawfz h` Tviya` hy ufzx

ytza`o kga`oyt Dfgaizkty# `at ya gvim jfikvyf ae

Rfdhia`f# jvt jfikvyf ae YKCI# wmhim wky eav`dfd jx

Dfgaizkt Yh Yimazz# tmf kzimhtfit ae dfytzvitha` jfmh`dtmf iagrcftf dfgachtha` ae Tviya`y daw`taw` jkzzha

IMKRTFZ EAVZ

Ihuhc Zhomty

H` Rhgk Iav`tx# Ifykz Imkuf~ machdkx hy aeihkcTmf ekgavy Kzh~a`k` k`d Ihuhc Zhomty cfkdfz wma

ytkztfd tmf Yh Yf Rvfdf gaufgf`t tmkt jfikgf

Ajkgky Xfy _f Ik` ycaok` dfyfzufy ta jf ma`azfd ky

Kzh~a`k `kthuf ya`

Ht wky Gkzim ae :2;: k`d k yrfihkc fcfitha` wky jfh`o

mfcd ta cc Okjjx Oheeazdy ukiktfd yfkt Za` Jkzjfz wky

zv``h`o v`arrayfd h` tmf rzhgkzx# jvt tmfzf wfzfgvcthrcf Zfrvjchik`y h` tmf zv``h`o# h`icvdh`o GiYkccx

wma ky ae tmhy wzhth`o hy jfkth`o Jkzjfz h` tmf of`fzkc

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

:2

fcfitha`

Tmfzf wky k Zfrvjchik` dfjktf tmkt wky mfcd kt Ykjh`aMhom Yimaac a` Tviya`y @_ yhdf Ht wky gadfzktfd jx

zhomt'wh`o k`d k`th'GKY zkdha ymaw mayt Na` Nvythif

Icfkzcx tmhy wky k rachthikc fuf`t+

@a rzajcfga ykxy kyyhytk`t yvrfzh`tf`df`t ae mhom

yimaacy Kjfc Gazkda+

Twa wffl cktfz tmf Tviya` iaggv`htx wavcd mkuf hty

k``vkc Ifykz Imkuf~ gkzim Tmhy fuf`t hy kcwkxy zv` jx

tmf Ozhnkcuhytky# gfk`h`o tmayf v`dfz tmf dagh`ha` ae

Zkvc Ozhnkcuk Eaz tmf ckyt dfikdf tmhy rkzkdf ytkztfd kt

Rvfjca Mhom Yimaac# tmf kcgk gktfz ae TVYD jakzd

gfgjfz Kdfchtk Ozhnkcuk

Ht wky jk``fd ezag dah`o ya tmhy xfkzKvoohf Zagfza k`d Kdfchtk Ozhnkcuk kccawfd TVYD ta

tfcc tmf Ckth`a iaggv`htx tmkt tmfx wfzf jk``fd ezag

ifcfjzkth`o Ifykz Imkuf~ a` yimaac ozav`dy jfikvyf# ky

Gazkda tacd tmf `fwy# ht wavcd jf k rachthikc fuf`t

@fufzgh`d tmf Zfrvjchik` dfjktf whtm Na` Nvythif mf

kccawfd+

Kdfchtk# k xfkz ketfz dah`o `atmh`o kokh`yt Rfdhia`f tamfcr mfz `h`k# wavcd da `atmh`o ta mfcr tmf Ifykz Imkuf~

iagghttff ytkzt hty gkzim wfzf ht kcwkxy dafy k`d ymf hy

ezag Rvfjca dkgght+ Ymf hy a` tmf oaufz`h`o jakzd k`d

mky rawfz jvt ymf ockdcx zfch`{vhymfy ht ta Rfdhia`f

jfikvyf ymf hy Rfdhia`fy Rzh`ifyy ketfz kcc

Cvilhcx rfarcf yvim ky Yhcufzha Okzihk wfzf jzkuff`avom ta ytk`d vr ta tmhy icfkz zkihyg k`d cf k` AIZ

iagrckh`t# k`d `aw TVYD gkx jf h` tzavjcf eaz tmhy

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

:;

aufzt zkihyg

IMKRTFZ EHUF

Dfgaizkty

Da`t cft tmf gxtm ae rzaozfyyhuhyg h` Tviya` eaac xav

Da`t fuf` cft tmf gxtm ae Rzaozfyyhuf mfza Zkvc

Ozhnkcuk eaac xav# yh`if `atmh`o hy evztmfz ezag tmf tzvtmwmf` ht iagfy ta mfcrh`o avt Ckth`ay v`dfz kttkil

Ehzyt xav mkuf ta zfikcc tmkt ht wky tmf Dfgaizkty tmkt

dfytzaxfd tmf Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` iaggv`htx h` Tviya` h`

f}imk`of eaz tmf gxtm ae ga`fx @fufzgh`d tmkt tmf

TII wmhim wky jvhct aufz tmf ykizfd ozav`d wmfzf tmf

azhoh`kc Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` jkzzha wky jvhct k`d`fufzgh`d tmkt ht mky iayt tmf ihtx ae Tviya` aufz $;22

ghccha` h` cayyfy

Kt cfkyt tmf Gf}hik`y kzf avt ae daw`taw`

Ht wky k Dfgaizkt whtm tmf mfcr ae tmf `fwyrkrfz tmkt

mfcrfd tmhy of`tzhiktha` k`d vzjk` zf`fwkc tklf rckif

_f ikcc ht jkzzha dfytzvitha` k`d ht ia`th`vfy ta tmhy dkx

v`dfz tmf `kgf ae Hgkoh`f Ozfktfz Tviya` wmhim hy#`a lhddh`o# zv` avt ae Yh Yimazzy ckw zg< tmf azhoh`kc

kzimhtfit ae jkzzha dfytzvitha`

Dfgaizkt Yh Yimazz wavcd oa a` ta eav`d YKCI# k`d

Nam` Rfdhia`f wavcd oa a` ta jf hty Uhif Rzfyhdf`t# k`d

eaccawh`o Yimazzy rkttfz`# mf wavcd kcya mfcr dfytzax

wmkt tmf Gf}hik` Kgfzhik` iaggv`htx h` Tviya`

izfktfd< tmf yviifyyevc GKY rzaozkg h` TVYD@fufzgh`d tmkt Zkvc Ozhnkcuky tar khdfy whef# Zfoh`k

Zagfza# ky k ihtx iav`ihcgfgjfz# uatfd ta ma`az Yh

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

::

Yimazz ckyt xfkz Mfx# da xav wk`t yvrrazt eaz fcfitha`y

kzf `at1@fufzgh`d tmkt ymf wky kcya kiifrth`o gk}hgvg

da`ktha`y ezag Gkzl Ytfofgk` k`d Nk`ft Gkziattf k`d

zfevyh`o ta zftvz` tmfg

Ga`fx aufz Gf}hik`y

Tmf rkttfz` hy icfkz k`d tmf `fw ytzktfox hy tmf gaytdk`ofzavy ae kcc Oft eazgfz Ckth`a kithuhyty ta rkx wazdy

ta tmf gaufgf`t jvt ta rkx kitha`y ta wmkt `a`'Ckth`ay

wk`t# fuf` he ht iagfy kt tmf iayt ae tmf Gf}hik`

Kgfzhik` iaggv`htx

Eaz f}kgrcf# Kdfchtk Ozhnkcuk nvyt mky ta ohuf Rfdhia`f

rawfz# k`d tmf` ky tmf gh`azhtx a` tmf jakzd ymf ik` uatf

@A# jvt tmf` wmf` mf `ffdy k ia`tzkit f}tf`yha` uatfXFY# k`d tmf` rzftf`d ta jf tmf uahif ae zfkya`

Fuf` jfttfz hy ta dfickzf# ky xav uatf eaz mhy ia`tzkit

f}tf`yha`# tmkt Rfdhia`f hy cfkdh`o tmf dhytzhit h` tmf zhomt

dhzfitha` tmf ykgf Rfdhia`f tmkt jk``fd GKY k`d tmkt

mkd xavz 58'xfkz acd `h`k kzzfytfd+

Ta ymaw maw rawfzevc tmf Ozhnkcuhytk fytkjchymgf`t hy#ia`yhdfz Ikg Nvkzf~# k`atmfz wh``fz ae tmf TVYD

yimaac jakzd fcfitha` Ikg mky fufzx zfkya` ta arrayf

rfythihdf vyf a` ghozk`t ekzgfzy Mf ymavcd jf tmf cfkdfz

kokh`yt k`x yvim rfzya` wma gklfy tmfhz ga`fx jx

yrzkxh`o ghozk`t wazlh`o whtm ta}hi imfghikcy

Jvt xft# h` :2;2# tmf f`thzf Ozhnkcuhytk ikgr dfihdfd ta

yhdf whtm kozhivctvzkchyt ghccha`khzf Zad`fx Ockyygk`# kEzfy`a ekzgfz wma gkdf ghccha`y aee ae Jzht~ Imfghikc#

ky h` Zad`fx Jzht~ Ockyygk`# tmkt wky wzhttf` kjavt h`

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

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tmf CK Thgfy eaz yrzkxh`o ghozk`ty whtm rfythihdfy

H` ikyf xav eazoat tmkt mhytazx tmkt TVYD hy `awjk``fd ezag tfkimh`o# Ifykz Imkuf~ wf`t a` k ekyt

kokh`yt tmf ekzgfzy eaz aufz 92 dkxy jfikvyf ae tmf

rfythihdf hyyvf

Ikg aeihkccx f`dazyfd Zad`fx Ockyygk`# tmf ovx

wma gkdf ghccha`y aee ae tmf f}rcahtktha` ae ghozk`ty

Jvt h` ia`df`if Ikg tfccy gf mf uatfd eaz Rkzzk~# wma

wazlfd whtm Imkuf~ k`d tmf ytzkwjfzzx wazlfzy wmawfzf rhilfth`o

Mf tfccy gf mf uatfd eaz Zk`dx jvt aeihkccx wky

f`dazyh`o Ockyygk` jfikvyf Ozhnkcuk wky

Tkcl kjavt jkccy ae iavzkof# jx wmhim H gfk` `a jkccy

kt kcc

Tmhy yvggfz wmf` H kylfd Ikg kjavt tmf ickhg tmkt

Kdfchtk ykhd ymf wavcd `at f`dazyf k`xa`f wma arrayfd

Rfdhia`f# Ikg ykhd wmktfufz# mfy mhy aw` rfzya` k`d whcc

ytk`d vr ta rawfz# nvyt chlf Zkvc dafy# jvt wmf` kylfd

kjavt Rfdhia`f mf ikufd h`

Lzhytfc Eaytfz# tmf rfzya` wma tacd gf maw mazzhjcf

Rfdhia`f wky kt Ecawh`o _fccy# maw k`th'Ckth`a k`d k`th'COJT mf wky `aw yvrrazty Rfdhia`f kcya

Ymf tacd gf ymf mkd ta da wmkt ymf mkd ta da ta wh`

tmf wmhtf uatf

K`d tmhy jzh`oy vy ta tadkx

Tmzff Dfgaizkty wa` tmf TVYD yimaac jakzd zkif+

Xav da`t `ffd Tmzff Ya`azk`y ta dfickzf uhitazx

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

:4

_mfzf hy tmf rkztx kt1

_mfzf hy tmf mvof k``av`ifgf`t1

Hty `awmfzf

K`d tmkt hy jfikvyf tmf ia`ifz`y tmkt H mkuf kzf efct jx

gk`x Xav mkuf rfarcf wma ckil tfythivckz eazthtvdf yvim

ky Ikg# zfkdx ta yvrrazt tmf ufzx rfythihdf ghccha`khzftmkt mky keefitfd mhy aw` chef rfzya`kccx

Xav mkuf Lzhytfc wma wkz`fd gf kjavt k`th'Ckth`a

Rfdhia`f# wma H gft kt GKY fuf`ty# `aw kezkhd ta

jkdgavtm Rfdhia`f k`d wma `aw ykxy ymf mfzyfce wavcd

mkuf uatfd XFY a` tmf Mhily zfyacvtha` ta lhcc GKY+++

Tmfyf kzf twa ae tmf Dfgaizkty tmkt wa`

Gkzl Ytfofgk` hy tmf atmfz

F}ivyf gx ckil ae f}ihtfgf`t

Iagjh`f tmhy whtm Kvoohf Zagfzay aw` wazl kokh`yt

GKY h` f}imk`of eaz `fkzcx yh}'ovzfy# rcvy k $4222yrfklh`o eff wmfzf mf oafy kzav`d tmf iav`tzx oftth`o

yxgrktmx eaz tmf dfktm ae GKY wmhcf `at ymkzh`o tmkt mf

hy rkzt ae tmkt lhcch`o# yfcch`o avt Yfk` Kzif jfeazf Krzhc ya

tmkt Kdfchtk iavcd ykuf mhy naj wmhcf ykizhih`o Kzif h`

Krzhc

Dz Zagfza ofty yxgrktmx eaz tmf dfktm ae GKY k`dxft vyfy tmf yviifyy ae GKY dktk h` tkcly tmkt mf ia`th`vfy

ta ohuf whtm Nfee Dv`ik`'K`dzkdf ta oft yvrrazt eaz mhy

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

:6

wazl tmkt iagrftfy dhzfitcx whtm GKY

Dhd H gf`tha` mf hy k Ozhnkcuhytk kcya wma mky mkd k

rfzrftvkc izvym a` Kdfchtk1

H mfkzd ezag yagf icayf ta mhg tmkt mf rck``fd a`

zfyho`h`o he Lzhytfc k`d Ikgh dhd `at wh` H ikccfd wmkt mf

wky tzxh`o ta da ta zfrckif GKY tmf LKIK -Lzhytfc'

Kdfchtk'Ikg'Kvoohf( rck` @aw tmkt tmfx mkuf wa`# tmfrzaifyy ta zfrckif GKY ik` jfoh`# k`d tmfx mkuf h`dffd

jfov`

Kvoohfy kcgayt yh} ovzf naj hy kt zhyl ketfz kcc

`fufzgh`d tmkt Yfk` cayt mhy naj eaz ytk`dh`o vr ta

Rfdhia`f k`d mhy kttkil a` Ckth`ay

Ya rfarcf kyl gf wmkt H tmh`l ae tmf fcfitha` k`d H kgdhykrrah`tfd Kt cfkyt he tmf zhomt'wh`o wa`# wf iavcd

omt tmf jakzd evccx @aw wf mkuf ta omt tmf hccvyha` tmkt

tmf jakzd tmkt wa`# yh`if tmf Ozhnkcuhytky mkuf k gknazhtx#

hy a` avz yhdf

K`d ht hy iagrchiktfd ta f}rckh` kcc tmf `aaly k`d

izk``hfy# maw tmfx mkuf yacd avt# imaayh`o k rzhif tko eazGKY zhomty ky Lzhytfc dhd Xfy# h` tmf f`d H rzajkjcx whcc

kozff whtm 88& ae wmkt tmfx da# jvt tmhy kttkil a` GKY

zfkccx hy yagftmh`o tmkt ymavcd`t jf dfjktfd

Uath`o Xfy ta lhcc GKY1 Ymavcd H zfkccx mkuf ta aufzcaal

gx ytk`if a` tmhy fuhc uatf nvyt jfikvyf Lzhytfc wk`ty ta

wh` tmf wmhtf uatf1

Hcc cft xav dfihdf# jvt yveif ht ta ykx tmkt `fkzcx eavz

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

:5

dfikdfy ketfz Zkvc Ozhnkcuk jfok` mhy ikzffz a` tmf

TVYD yimaac jakzd# mf `aw mky k gknazhtx ae mhygh`ha`y a` tmf jakzd# k`d gx rzfdhitha` hy tmkt GKY whcc

zfgkh`fd v`tavimfd jx tmfhz kitha`y ky tmfx wazl tawkzdy

tmf feeazty ae tmfhz aw`# Dz Zagfzay rck` ta zfrckif

GKY

Tmf Efdfzkc dfyfo azdfz jfok` v`dfz Ozhnkcuk# k`d

xfkzy cktfz ht ythcc zfgkh`y# jvt `aw mhy rfarcf kzf h`

imkzofKy tmf ektmfz ae k 4'xfkz acd h` tmf TVYD yimaac

dhytzhit# H zfkccx da wk`t Lzhytfc k`d Ikg ta da wmkt hy

zhomt# jvt H effc tmkt tmfx jatm mkuf k rzhif# tmkt rah`t

wmfzf tmfx imaayf Ga`fx aufz Gf}hik`y fuf` he tmfx

tmfgyfcufy kzf Gf}hik` He Ytfuf Ga`tf`foza k`d

Ozhnkcuky arra`f`t Okjjx Gfzifz ik` yfcc'avt Gf}hik`y#

tmf` tmfx tmfgyfcufy ik`

Ozhnkcuky cfokix hy kt ytklf mfzf Mf `aw mky k gknazhtx

ae rawfz a` tmf yimaac jakzd# k`d Kdfchtk hy h` imkzof#

jvt whcc ymf ia`th`vf ta jf Rfdhia`fy rvrrft az whcc ymf

ytk`d vr1

_hcc Ikg k`d Lzhytfc mkuf tmf iavzkof ta oa kokh`yt

Kdfchtk a` hgraztk`t uatfy1K` hgraztk`t uatf whcc jf iagh`o vr yaa` ky tmfx mkuf

ta dfihdf a` Kvoohfy Gvcthivctvzkc Ivzzhivcvg uy GKY

Mfzf hy wmkt tmh`oy iagf daw` ta Hty `at tmkt wf `ffd

oaad Dfgaizkty h` aeif _mkt wf `ffd kzf yrfitkivckz

Dfgaizkty wma kzf `at kezkhd ae ia`eza`th`o zkihyg mfkd

a`# zktmfz tmk` tmf a`fy wf mkuf h` Kzh~a`k wma arrayfYJ;2?2 jvt ht zfkccx hy `at tmkt jho k rzhazhtx# k`d h` ekit#

tmfx whcc yiazf yagf }f`armajhi rah`ty tmfgyfcufy jx

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Dkuhd Gazkcfy

:?

yfivzh`o tmf jazdfz az tkclh`o kjavt tmf zvcf ae ckw

Ht hy gk`'gkdf ckwy tmkt tvz` Mvgk`y k`d Rck`ty h`ta

Hccfokc tmh`oy# ht hy gk`'gkdf ckwy tmkt tvz`y tzvf mhytazx

k`d chtfzktvzf h`ta hccfokc ickyyfy h` Kzh~a`k# k`d ht hy

TVYD jakzd rachix tmkt jk``fd jaaly h` TVYD

Ht hy Dfgaizkty wma f`kjcfd tmf zkihyg tmkt

Zfrvjchik`y ytkztfd Ht wky Lzhytfc wma dfihdfd ta rckxtmhy okgf ta wh` tmf wmhtf uatf jx ykxh`o TVYD mkd `a

imahif jvt ta ajfx tmf ytktf ckw ga`fx aufz Gf}hik`y

k`d ae iavzyf ymf imayf ga`fx

Nvyt zfif`tcx Ikg wky kylfd kjavt GKY k`d ykhd tmkt

mfy wazzhfd kjavt iagrcxh`o whtm ytktf ckw# k`d tmkt

Kvoohfy GI rzaozkg gkx jf tmf wkx ta oa

@fufz da k`x ae tmfyf oaad Dfgaizkty# wma H whcc

rzajkjcx kozff whtm 88& ae tmf thgf a` atmfz uatfy# tklf

tmkt ckyt iavzkofavy ytk`d h` tmfyf hgraztk`t thgfy# ta ykx

tmkt wf mkuf jff` mfzf jfeazf h` mhytazx# k`d H imaayf tmf

EFDFZKC oaufz`gf`t aufz k zkihyt YTKTF ckw

Tmhy hy `at k thgf eaz oaad rfarcf h` aeif Tmhy hy kthgf eaz rfarcf wma kzf zfkdx ta ytk`d vr eaz kcc mvgk`y

k`d eaz avz Gatmfz Fkztm kcya# jvt tmhy hy k wmacf atmfz

tarhi eaz k`atmfz thgf ky Kzh~a`k ytkzty zv``h`o avt ae

wktfz Kzh~a`k hy kczfkdx oah`o ketfz hccfokc mvgk`y ya

wmx kzf tmf Dfgaizkty h` imkzof ae TVYD `aw oah`o

ketfz hccfokc ickyyfy k`d hccfokc jaaly1

H ovfyy gx `kc gfyykof mfzf hy tmkt zkihyg tmzhufy h`

TVYD# k`d Dfgaizkty kzf h` imkzof# k`d `at nvyt k`x

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]hrf Tatfi> Twa'Tmavyk`d Twfcuf Tzk`yeazgktha` Kzzhufy

Dfgaizkty jvt Rzaozfyyhuf Dfgaizkty k`d Ozhnkcuhytky

_mx hy tmf zkihyg ythcc mfzf1