White space test environment for broadcast frequencies (WISE)Efficient use of TV-band spectrum resources through cognitive

radio technologies and geolocation databases

Trial opening seminar 07.06.2011 / Jarkko Paavola

www.turkuamk.fi

www.turkuamk.fi

WISE focus

TV frequencies (470-790 MHz) and Geo-location

database

• Work in CEPT SE43 and other relevant organisations

• Geo-location database primary method for the first CR

applications

– Fairspectrum cognitive radio and TV White Space

database development project

Turku testnetwork

• In operation for 10 years – DVB-T, DVB-H, DVB-T2,

CMMB

• Testbed for providing input to Ficora for regulation

• Can be offered to all Trial partners

– Test locations, routes

– Collection of data for post processing

– Modification of transmitted signal

• E.g ”black space” research

WISE objectives

• How to provide enablers for commercial operation of

Cognitive radios (CR) in TV White space (WS)?

• Key issue: TRUST

• Obstacles in deployment of WS CR

– Regulatory bodies uncertain how to protect primary

systems (TV, radio microphones)

– Also, many operators opposing

• CR seen as additional interference

• Maybe fear for losing profit with changed value

networks?

• How to build trust? Geo-location database should

– provide sufficient accuracy on location, power

levels

• ”Sufficient” is a research topic

– guarantee information security

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WISE position in Trial program

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WISE Consortium

• Turku University of Applied Sciences (TUAS)

– Electronics/Radio Lab

– Business Information Technology

• University of Turku (UTU)

– Business and Innovation Development (BID)

• Aalto University

– Communications and Networking (COMNET)

– Signal processing and Acoustics (SPA)

• Digita

• Fairspectrum

• Nokia

• Ficora

• … and EB is supporting the project with Receiver

equipment

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WISE – work flow

Tähän kuva tai kaavio

WP1 - Algorithms for Open CR database

• Lead: Aalto University

• Channel modeling

– Develop propagation modeling for WSD based on

the field measurements

– Study the impact of the number of measurements

to the modeling accuracy with ray tracing tool

• Database calculations

– Develop algorithms for the

calculation/approximation of CEPT SE43 method

– Fast algorithms applying computational geometry

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WP1 - Algorithms for Open CR database

QoS estimator for local signals

Tasks:1) Estimates TV signal strengths(continuous duty)2) Predicts signalstrength frompWSD transmittersin given locations(on demand duty)

TV WS data repository

Tasks:1) Storage and update of spatio –temporal signalQoS information(continuous duty) 2) Storage and update of load and admission controlthresholds. (continuous duty)

TV WS Admissioncontrol

Tasks:1) Calculatesgeographicaldistribution of air interface loadingfor proposed WSD combinations (on demand duty).2) Grant admissionfor new WSDs to start the operations(on demand duty).

TV WS Congestioncontrol

Tasks:1) Return networkinto desired/targetstate in case of overloading.(continuous duty)Note: Overloadingshould be an exceptionalsituation.

Algorithms for open CR database

Benchmarking with WP2 measurements

Tasks:Calibration of radio propagation and RF behavioral models

QoS estimator for local signals

Tasks:1) Estimates TV signal strengths(continuous duty)2) Predicts signalstrength frompWSD transmittersin given locations(on demand duty)

TV WS data repository

Tasks:1) Storage and update of spatio –temporal signalQoS information(continuous duty) 2) Storage and update of load and admission controlthresholds. (continuous duty)

TV WS Admissioncontrol

Tasks:1) Calculatesgeographicaldistribution of air interface loadingfor proposed WSD combinations (on demand duty).2) Grant admissionfor new WSDs to start the operations(on demand duty).

TV WS Congestioncontrol

Tasks:1) Return networkinto desired/targetstate in case of overloading.(continuous duty)Note: Overloadingshould be an exceptionalsituation.

Algorithms for open CR database

Benchmarking with WP2 measurements

Tasks:Calibration of radio propagation and RF behavioral models

WP2 – Measurements and simulation

• Measurements (Lead: TUAS)

– Provide measurement facilities and access to the

test network in the Turku area

– Perform laboratory and field measurements in

scenarios relevant to CR regulation (e.g. CEPT

SE43), for example:

• Laboratory measurements of adjacent channel

RF interference

• Field measurements of interference levels for

local reference geometries considered in SE43

(first campaign performed)

• Interference studies for wireless microphones

• Propagation measurements and model

synthesis for simulations

www.turkuamk.fi

WP2 – Measurements and simulation

Layout of the DVB test network in Turku. Transmitters 1 and 2 compose a single frequency network on channel 38

(610 MHz), while transmitter 3 operates on channel 48 (690 MHz).

• Measurements in Turku, week 21

• Receive DTV with roof top antenna (10m) at noise limited +3 dB case and some higher power levels like +13 dB, +23 dB.

• Interfering WSD at 22m away

• Increase the WSD power until picture failure for co-channel and adjacent channel at N-1, N-2, N-3 and N-4.

• Compare true WSD interference power levels to calculated power levels.

White Space Device (WSD) Maximum Power Measurements

DVB-T test transmission at

610 MHz from Pääskyvuori

transmitter.

Measurement van with

antenna at 10m.

Interfering WSD Tx.

WP2 – Measurements and simulation

• Simulation (Lead: UTU)

– Construct a large-scale simulation testbed to

complement measurement-based studies

– As a case study, a detailed model of the Turku test

network is implemented

– The simulation framework is designed to be

modular and customizable to allow a wide range of

studies, for example:

• Network-level CR algorithm development and

testing

• Large-scale system simulations, e.g. Monte

Carlo capacity analysis based on CEPT SE43

guidelines

• Geolocation database studies

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WP2 – Measurements and simulation

Increase in allowed secondary transmission power as a function of terminal location and frequency separation from

primary transmitter. Calculated according to CEPT SE43 guidelines.

WP3 – Value chains and ecosystems

• Lead: Digita

• Defining the most relevant White-Space scenarios for

the further studies

• Developing White Space estimation methods based on

WP1/WP2 results

• Estimating the amount of white-Space for defined

scenarios

• Developing White Space value network models for the

defined scenarios

• Developing the business case evaluation models for the

developed value networks

• Evaluating various operator's business cases and

detecting the most critical factors.

• Developing / finding / using existing quantitative models

for estimating the monetary value of the white spaces in

various scenarios

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WP3 – Value chains and ecosystems

• Database security

– Service reliability

– Confidentiality

– Mutual authentication (user/device/database)

– Information integrity

• Work is based on Fairspectrum cognitive radio and TV

White Space database development project

– Threat analysis, risk management

– Authentication alternatives

– Network security issues

– Also, radio microphone licensing via Fairspectrum

database?

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Regulation/Standardization

• CEPT S43

– First contribution to next SE43 meeting in July

• IETF PAWS

• Also followed

– ETSI RRS

– IEEE 802.11af, IEEE 802.22

• WISE objectives will be adjusted according to input

from Ficora

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IETF Protocol to Access White Space database (PAWS)• ”It is expected that white space databases will be

reachable via the Internet, and that radio devices too

will have some form of Internet connectivity, directly or

indirectly.”

• The overall goals of PAWS are to

– Standardize a mechanism for discovering a white

space database.

– Standardize a method for accessing a white space

database.

– Standardize wire formats to be carried over the

database access method (i.e., formats for queries

and responses).

– Ensure that the discovery mechanism, database

access method, and wire formats have appropriate

security levels in place.

• Specification expected April 2012

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Possibilities for collaboration

• Collaboration already planned

– EECRT

– CORE

– EBTrial

• Turku test network available for Trial partners

• Business cases/Value networks investigated in many

projects

• Common efforts in regulation and standardization

• WISE partners welcome cooperation in all

presented work topics!

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THANK YOU!

Contact: Jarkko Paavola (jarkko.paavola@turkuamk.fi)

www.turkuamk.fi