Turkish Education Comparative Study ESL 156 Comparative Culture Studies Presenters: Ender Ak, Mehmet...
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Transcript of Turkish Education Comparative Study ESL 156 Comparative Culture Studies Presenters: Ender Ak, Mehmet...
Turkish Education
Comparative Study
ESL 156 Comparative Culture Studies Presenters: Ender Ak, Mehmet Guler Instructor: Lyra Riabov November 30, 2006
Outline
Introduction1.Values of Turkish Education
Education Ladder1.Kindergarten2.Elementary School3.High School4.Universities
Problems Recommended solutions Conclusion References
Values of Turkish Education
Education;
1. shall be Republican,
2. shall be secular,
3. shall have a scientific foundation,
4. shall incorporate generality and equality,
5. shall be functional and modern.
Principles Regulating the Educational System
Education Ladder
Kindergarten Elementary School High School University
Education Ladder
Kindergarten
When children become five years old, they might attend a public kindergarten, or before five years old, they might attend private kindergarten.
Pre-school education is not compulsory in Turkey.
Kindergarten
Elementary School
8 years (between the ages of 7 and 15). Compulsory Courses Public and Private Uniforms
Courses
Turkish Language Mathematics Sciences Social sciences Art, Music Physical Education Handicraft English Language Second Foreign Language (Generally French or
German)
Public and Private
There are two types of elementary schools: public (governmental) and private. Public elementary schools are free and provided by the state, though limited funding limits the opportunities they can provide to the students.
When considered from an educational standpoint, there is no big difference in what is learned, but how topics are learned differs.
Public School
Public School
Private School
A Class in a Private School
Uniforms
High School
OKS exam Courses in High Schools Tracks After Grade 10 Uniforms
OKS
At the end of 8th grade, students take an exam, OKS, which lasts for 2 hours and is composed of about 100 questions. It tests the students' skills in Turkish, Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Social Sciences learned through the elementary school. According to their scores, they are placed to different kinds of high schools.
Types of High Schools
Public High Schools Anatolian High Schools Science High Schools Vocational High Schools Tourism Vocational High Schools Industrial Vocational High Schools Electrical Vocational High Schools Imam-Hatip High Schools Private High Schools
Courses in High Schools
Turkish Language and Literature Mathematics Physics Chemistry Biology Geometry Turkish History Geography English Language Second Foreign Language (German, French, Italian, Japanese, Arabic, Russian
languages) National Security Health Studies Electives Vocation Lessons (only in Vocational High Schools) Courses in Religion (only in Imam-Hatip Schools)
Tracks
When students complete the 10th grade, they choose tracks leading to certain specializations. There are presumed professions to be acquired by the students after completing a certain track.
High School Tracks
Turkish-Math track professions are: International Relations, Law, Education, Psychology, Economy, Business management, and the like.
Science track professions are: Engineering, Computer Science, Medicine, and other Science related professions.
Social Sciences track professions are: History, Geography, and Education.
Languages track professions are: All Language / Linguistics related professions.
Uniform in High School
Universities
OSS. National University Entrance Examination.
Structure of Universities Public and Private Universities
OSS
ÖSS was a 180 minute exam with 180 questions testing the students' knowledge of the high school curriculum. Each student solved the questions concerning their department chosen at high school, namely applied sciences, social sciences, and foreign languages.
Structure
University Education
University studies last between 2 and 4 years for the undergraduate level, and 2 or more years for the graduate level. Some universities also ask for an additional year of English preparatory study to be completed before the start of studies, unless a proficiency examination is passed
Public and Private Universities
The university can either be public (run by the government) or private (run by private foundations). Public universities are free and private universities usually ask for a generous amount of semester fee (around $15,000) unless a scholarship of some kind can be arranged. Many private universities offer such scholarships to selected students, based on high scorers in the ÖSS.
Problems of Turkish Education
Criticism of OSS (National University Entrance Examination)
Female Discrimination Security Problems in Eastern Turkey
Life = 180 minutes
The ÖSS system attempts to encompass all the work of a student throughout his 12 years of academic life in a 3 hour multiple choice exam.
The most significant reason why OSS is being conducted instead of personal interviews is the fact that the total capacity of universities is 450.000 while the number of candidates wanting to study at a college is 1.6 million and is increasing every year.
School is not enough to succeed in ÖSS; other education centers named "dershane" are founded all around Turkey. In these foundations, students are prepared solely for ÖSS.
Female Discrimination
The rate of female enrollment is very low especially in Eastern Turkey.
Terrorism is Interfering with Education.Teachers don’t want to work in Eastern Turkey
Eastern Turkey
References
http://www.turkishembassy.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=426&Itemid=430
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Turkey http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96SS#Criticism_of_.C3.96SS
Recommended Solutions
OSS should not be the one way to attend university. Grades in primary school and high school should be important for entering a university.
Social campaigns and education for parents. Government has to provide security in
Eastern Turkey for students and teachers.
Social Campaigns
Social Campaigns and education for parents can be useful to discourage female discrimination.
Dad, PleaseLet meattend School!
Conclusion
In growing countries, like Turkey, education is the key to development. In this case, governments should more pay attention to it.
Everyone should cling to values of education. And in this global world, we should realize
that the education is more important than everything.