TURKISH ACCELERATOR CENTER (TAC) PROJECT...

TURKISH ACCELERATOR CENTER (TAC) PROJECT

http://bilge.science.ankara.edu.tr

Yeşim CengerAnkara University

Yeşim Cenger Ankara University 2

Contents

Introduction

Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) Proposal

TAC IR FEL Test Facility

Conclusion


Introduction

Accelerator technology a generic technology locomotive of the development in almost all

fields of science and technology. Accelerator technology should become widespread all over the world.Existing situation: a large portion of the world(the South and Mid-East) is poor on the accelerator technology.


Global View of Accelerator Technology

CEAOrsay

KEK

LANL

INFN LegnaroINFN Genoa INFN Milan

TU Darmstadt

PekingUniversity

AustralianNational

University

JLab High Gradient

JLab

CERN

ANL

FNAL

CEA Saclay

DESY/TESLACESR

Center for AdvancedTechnology, Indore


Projects in Middle East

SESAME in Jordan (by UNESCO)CANDLE in Armenia

Turkish Accelerator Complex• light sources • particle physics experiments • proton and secondary beam applications

} SR


Short chronology of the TAC project

Approximately 10 years ago, linac-ring type charm-tau factory with synchrotron light source was proposed as a regional project for elementary particle physics.

• S. Sultansoy, Turk. J. Phys. 17 (1993) 591; Turk. J. Phys. 19 (1995) 785.

Starting from 1997, a small group from Ankara and Gazi Universities begins a feasibility study for the possible accelerator complex in Turkey with the support of Turkish State Planning Organization (DPT).

• http://bilge.science.ankara.edu.tr


The results of the study are published inA. K. Çiftçi et al., Turk. J. Phys. 24 (2000) 747

and presented at EPACsÖ. Yavaş, A. K. Çiftçi, S. Sultansoy, EPAC 2000, p. 1008.A. K. Çiftçi et al., EPAC 2002, p. 1100.

Ö. Yavaş et al, EPAC 2006

Starting from 2002, the conceptual design study of the TAC project has started with a relatively enlarged group (again with the DPT support). This stage is completed in 2005. The results are published in

S. Sultansoy et al., PAC 2005

Short chronology of the TAC project (cont.)


Present Status:TAC Project supported by Turkish State Planning Organization (DPT) Grant No: DPT2006K-120470 Period of : 2006-2010

10 Turkish universities:Ankara Univ. (Coordinator) + Boğaziçi, Doğuş,Dumlupınar, Erciyes, Gazi,İstanbul, Niğde, S. Demirel, Uludağ Universities

30 staff + 50 graduate students

Main Goals of the TAC Project:To establish Institute of Accelerator Technologies To prepare TDR of TACTo construct TAC Infrared FEL

Short chronology of the TAC project(cont.)


TAC Project includes

TAC-Test Facility (IR-FEL) Free electron laser based on electron linac• TAC IR FEL Test Facility

Synchrotron light source based on positron ring(*3rd generation)GeV scale proton acceleratorLinac-ring type charm factory ( )1234 scm10L −−=


TURKISH ACCELERATOR COMPLEX (TAC) PROJECT

After the feasibility and the conceptual design studies it was decided to construct a charm factory which also will serve to obtain free electron laser and synchrotron radiation.TAC facility will include

1 GeV e- linac

3.56 GeV positron ring


Tentative parameters of TAC charm factory

1.4x1034 cm-2s-1Luminosity (HD·L)

30Collision frequency, MHz

0.056-Beam-beam tune shift

3.763.76Transverse size at IP, μm

0.450.10Bunch length, cm

22.006.17Normalized emittance, μm·rad

0.450.45β function at IP, cm

11.000.55Particles per bunch, 1010

3.561.00Energy, GeV

e+-ringe--linacParameter


SR in linac-ring type machines

Chosen emittance (3 nm·rad ) of the positron small enough a third generation light source (< 20 nm·rad )Number of insertion devices and beam lines of TAC SR Facility and their specificationsdepend on realization of SESAME and CANDLE projects as well as on user potential in our region.


Proton Accelerator

TAC proton accelerator proposal consists of 100-300 MeV energy linear pre-acceleratorand 1-5 GeV main ring. The average beam current values for these machines would be ~30 mA and ~0.3 mA, respectively. Proton beams from two different points of the synchrotron will be forwarded to neutron and muon regions, where a wide spectrum of applied research is planned.


Planned uses of proton accelerator

Muon region• fundamental investigations

• test of QED and • muonium-antimuonium oscillations...

• applied investigations with μSR method• High-Tc superconductivity• phase transitions• impurities in semiconductors...

Neutron region• applied physics• molecular biology • fundamental physics


OSCILLATOR FEL

2

2

: Undulator Period[m]Wavelength of FEL; [m] 1 : Lorentz Factor

2 2: Undulator Strength

SEL

uu K

K

λλλ γγ

⎛ ⎞= +⎜ ⎟

⎝ ⎠

A relativistic electron beam coming from a linac is inserted to a sinusoidal magnetic field (undulator magnet).

While passing through the undulator, electron beam losses some of its energy and emits radiation.

The radiation emitted from the beam is trapped between two mirrors.

When the radiation power is saturated, it is taken out of one of themirrors via a hole.


TAC IR FEL Test FacilityBefore building a medium size accelerator complex• to get experience on accelerator technology on smaller scale• to train young accelerator physicists

we plan to build infrared free electron laser (IR FEL) on 15-40 MeV e-linac until 2010.

IR FEL thought to work in oscillator mode.

Two Undulators will produce laser at wavelengthrange of 2-180 μm.

{ }


The Place of TAC IR-FEL

TAC IR FEL


FEL PR0JECTS IN THE WORLDFEL PR0JECTS IN THE WORLD


TAC Test Facility (IR-FEL)TAC Oscillator IR-FEL includes;

an electron linac(15-40 MeV energyrange)

two opticalresonators

two undulators

(λU1=3cm,λU2=9 cm).


TAC IR LASER FACILITYAccelerator Parameters

1 - 250.1 - 40 /cw

131 - 10

177

12 - 40ELBE IR FEL

1 Macro pulse freq. /Hz0,1Macro pulse duration /ms

13Microbunch repetitionfrequency /MHz

5Microbunch duration /ps

2,6Average beam current/mA200Bunch charge /pC

15 -40Electron beam energy / MeVTAC IR FELParameters


TAC Infrared-FEL

The laser wavelength is planned to scan 2 - 190 microns range

Laser wavelength tunebility with respect to the undulators gap


Preliminary parameters of TAC IR-FEL

~1015~1015Average Flux [photons/s.eV]

0.1 – 10 0.1 – 10 Average Power [W]

0.01-30.01-3Pulse energy [μJ]

10 – 1902– 27Radiation Wavelength [μm]

U-2U-1FEL Parameters4090Number of Periods

0,8 – 2,30,3 – 1 K Parameter

0,1–0,270,1–0,35Magnetic Field [T]

93Period [cm]

U-2U-1Undulator Parameters2.6Average Current [mA]

13Bunch Repetition Rate [MHz]

5Bunch Length [ps]

200Bunch Charge [pC]

15-40Beam Energy [MeV]

Linac Parameters


TAC Infrared-FEL

Schematic view of TAC IR-FEL facility


2. Undulator(λu =3 cm )

1. Undulator( λu =9 cm )

1,5 – 1,94 – 9,5W.L. Range for 40 MeV e- [μm]

3,44 – 3,155,5 – 12W.L. Range for 35 MeV e- [μm]

3,15 – 3,869 – 23W.L. Range for 25 MeV e- [μm]

4,21 – 5,6314 – 35W.L. Range for 20 MeV e- [μm]7,5 – 9,524 – 64W.L. Range for 15 MeV e- [μm]

2,6 – 4,4310 – 27W.L. Range for 40 MeV e- [μm]4 – 5,214 - 35W.L. Range for 35 MeV e- [μm]

6,98 – 10,526 - 68W.L. Range for 25 MeV e- [μm]

11 – 1540 - 107W.L. Range for 20 MeV e- [μm] 18 – 2770 - 190W.L. Range for 15 MeV e- [μm]


Undulator Magnet Parameters

Halbach formula


( ) ( )2

14 2 2

0

1.74 10 [ ] [ ]nn n

d F N E GeV I A F K f nd d

θ

νω

=

= ×Ω

( )2sin / 2

/ 2f νν

ν⎛ ⎞= ⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠

2 n

n

N ε εν πε−

=

2

2

0.947 [ ( )]( )(1 / 2)n

u

n E GeVncm K

ε ελ

= =+

( )

( ) ( )

2

2

2

2

22( 1) / 2 ( 1) / 2

1 _ _2 1

1 _ _4 1 / 2n

n n

K for helical undulatorsK

KF K for planner undulatorsK

n J n J n

ξ

ξ

ξ ξ ξ− +

⎧= →⎪ +⎪

⎪⎪⎪= = →⎨ +⎪⎪⎪

⎡ ⎤−⎪ ⎣ ⎦⎪⎩

Flux of FEL


[ ] [ ][ ] ( )[ ]( )2

442

.10977.3

KKfcm

mmNGeVEB

bu

zs

λ

σ⎟⎠⎞

⎜⎝⎛×≅

[ ] [ ][ ] [ ]

[ ]

21.

ˆ104.6 2

337

Kmm

cmLcmGeVE

NAIB z

cup

+×≅

σλ

2 22 2 / / / / %0.1

4 4x z x z x z

F FB foton s mm mrad bgπ σ σ σ σ π ε ε

= = =′ ′

, , ,\x z x z x zσ ε β′ =

, , ,x z x z x zσ ε β=

Brigthness

Saturation Brigthness

Peak Brigthness

In practical units...

Electron beamdivergence

Electron beamtransverse dimensions

Brightness of FEL


HızlandırıcıTeknolojileri EnstitüsüVeLaboratuvar

TEKNOLOJİGEL. BÖL.

MÜH. FAK.Ankara Üniversitesi

Virancık (50. Yıl) KampüsüGÖLBAŞI


Building Plan of TAC IR FEL


Experimental stations are planed to make research on Biomedical Science, Semiconductors, Material Science, Nonlinear Optics, Photo-Chemistry and Nanotechnology.


Time Schedule2000:

Completion of the Feasibility Report2005:

Completion of the Conceptual Design Report2006-2007:

Completion of optimization for the IR FELStarting Technical Design Report study for TAC

2008:Construction of buildings for the Institute and TAC-IR FEL Facility

2009-2010:Installation of the TAC IR FEL Completion of the TAC Technical Design Report

2011:Commissioning of TAC-TFGovernmental decision on approval of TAC project

2015:Completion of charm factory and light source part of TAC project.

2017:Completion of proton accelerator and experimental stations


Conclusion

• The accelerator based light sources have become the most promising and moderntools for the basic research and technology in the 21st century.

• In this work, related with an oscillator FEL, an example for one of the light sourcesin the TAC (Turkish Accelerator Centre) has been presented covering two possibleenergy options of 15 and 40 MeV with a wavelength range of 2-180 microns bymeans of a variable gap undulator.

• In future TAC project will go on to be a focal point for the scientific societies in Turkeyand in our region with its synchrotron and FEL sources that have been studying underthe research of several colaborating scientists and engineers.


International Collaborations

CERN (Geneva)DESY (Hamburg) ..since 1996

BESSY (Berlin)FZR (Dresden)4GLS (Daresbury)iFEL (Osaka Univ.)John Adams Inst. (Oxford Univ.)ELETTRA (Trieste)


Announcements

III. UPHUK3rd National Particle Accelerator and ApplicationsCongress17-20 Sept. 2007, Bodrum, Turkey

III. UPHDYO3rd National Particle Accelerator and DetectorsSummer School20-24 Sept. 2007, Bodrum, Turkey

http://bilge.science.ankara.edu.tr


If you want to join us,

you can come to TURKEY easily!You have a still time.

Bodrum is well knownin the other countriesespecially for go on holiday.

http://www.bodrum-bodrum.com/(more information about Bodrum)


Thank you for your attention…

TURKISH ACCELERATOR CENTER (TAC) PROJECT...

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