Turfgrass Entomology Update Rutgers University Albrecht Koppenhöfer
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Transcript of Turfgrass Entomology Update Rutgers University Albrecht Koppenhöfer
Turfgrass Entomology UpdateTurfgrass Entomology Update
Rutgers UniversityRutgers University
Albrecht KoppenhöferAlbrecht Koppenhöfer
• Mating disruption of oriental beetleMating disruption of oriental beetle
• Biological and biorational control of Biological and biorational control of annual bluegrass weevilannual bluegrass weevil
• Steinernema scarabaeiSteinernema scarabaei for long term for long term white grub suppressionwhite grub suppression
• Entomopathogenic nematode Entomopathogenic nematode application and ecologyapplication and ecology
• New chemistry for white grubs and New chemistry for white grubs and annual bluegrass weevil managementannual bluegrass weevil management
Research Projects:Research Projects:
• isolated from epizootics in Japanese and isolated from epizootics in Japanese and oriental beetle larvae in turfgrass areas in oriental beetle larvae in turfgrass areas in central NJcentral NJ
• biology similar to that of other EPN speciesbiology similar to that of other EPN species
• appears to be rather specific to white grubsappears to be rather specific to white grubs
Steinernema scarabaei for long termwhite grub suppression
Nematode-infected grubsNematode-infected grubs
S. scarabaeiS. scarabaei H. bacteriophoraH. bacteriophora
• High pathogenicity High pathogenicity and high field efficacy and high field efficacy against many white against many white grub speciesgrub species
Long-term suppressionof white grubs by S. scarabaei
- Field experiments -
• 4’ x 4’ Kentucky bluegrass plots enclosed 4’ x 4’ Kentucky bluegrass plots enclosed by 5” high ‘Emerald Edge’.by 5” high ‘Emerald Edge’.
• 160 OB larvae (late L2 & early L3; 10/ft2) 160 OB larvae (late L2 & early L3; 10/ft2) released 1 wk before treatment.released 1 wk before treatment.
• Application with watering can (~0.5” water) Application with watering can (~0.5” water) in mid-September (early L3).in mid-September (early L3).
• Field irrigated as necessary to keep out of Field irrigated as necessary to keep out of excessive drought stress.excessive drought stress.
AnnualAnnualWhite White GrubGrub
SeasonalSeasonallife-life-
cyclecycle
Timing of sampling activitiesTiming of sampling activities
EPNEPN EPNEPNEPNEPNGrubGrub
EPNEPNGrubGrub
Appl.Appl.EPNEPN
Long term Long term suppressionsuppression
of whiteof whitegrubs by grubs by
S. scarabaeiS. scarabaei
Expt. 1Expt. 1Treated 9/17/02Treated 9/17/02
0-2.5 B 0-2.5 B SsSs/ha/ha
Sep-02
Oct-02
Apr-03
Aug-03
Oct-03
Apr-04
May-04
Aug-04
Oct-04
Apr-05
May-05
Aug-05
Oct-05
No
. o
f S
. sc
arab
aei
/ 20
0 g
so
il
0
50
100
150
200
0.00.41.02.5
A.
ori
enta
lis
larv
ae /
0.1
m2
0
2
4
6
8
10a
b
a
b b
a
b
b b
b
a
bbc
a
a
a
ba
a
a
b
a
bb
ab
b b
a
a
a
b
S. scarabaei rate(x 109/ha)
a
b
b
ab
Long-term Long-term suppressionsuppression
of whiteof whitegrubs by grubs by
S. scarabaeiS. scarabaei
Expt. 2Expt. 2Treated 9/19/03Treated 9/19/030-0.6 B 0-0.6 B SsSs/ha/ha
A.
ori
enta
lis
larv
ae /
0.1
m2
0
2
4
6
8
10
Sep-03
Oct-03
Apr-04
May-04
Aug-04
Oct-04
Apr-04
May-05
Aug-05
Oct-05
No
. o
f S
. sc
arab
aei
/ 20
0 g
so
il
0
50
100
150
200
0.00.060.120.240.6
S. scarabaeirate (x 109/ha)
a
a
bb
ab
a
b
bb
b
a
ab
b b
b
a
ab
b
ab
abb
a
aa
a
a
bbb
b
Long-term suppressionLong-term suppressionof of A. orientalisA. orientalis in turfgrass in turfgrass
by by S. scarabaeiS. scarabaei
Field experiments (1.5 m2 microplots, 10 L3/0.1 m2)
Months after Months after S.S. scarabaei-scarabaei-ApplicationApplication
SsSs rate rate (x 10(x 1099/ha)/ha)
1 1 (Oct)(Oct)
8 8 (May)(May)
13 13 (Oct)(Oct)
20 20 (May)(May)
25 25 (Oct)(Oct)
32 32 (May)(May)
37 37 (Oct)(Oct)
0.4 – 2.50.4 – 2.5 86–100 96–100 62–92 69–94 0–94 63–83 0–64
0.1 – 0.250.1 – 0.25 50–77 86–100 76–77 93–95 33–50 --- ---
0.060.06 9 89 41 100 8 --- ---
ConclusionsConclusions:S. scarabaeiS. scarabaei for white grub control: for white grub control:
1.1. has outstanding potential as a curative has outstanding potential as a curative control agent for many white grub species.control agent for many white grub species.
2.2. suppresses grub populations for 1-2 years suppresses grub populations for 1-2 years after application.after application.
3.3. is effective in a wide variety of soil types.is effective in a wide variety of soil types.
4.4. may be a good candidate for inoculative may be a good candidate for inoculative releases.releases.