Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 5/21/1999

TURBULENT FLOWS / FLUID MECHANICS

IN

XEROGRAPHIC AND INK-JET PRINTINGS

Center for Integrated Multidisciplinary Partnership for Research of Industrial

Turbulence (IMPRINT)

5/21/99

Fa-Gung Fan

Wilson Center for Research and Technology

Xerox Corporation

Webster, NY

Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 5/21/1999

• Examples of Turbulent Flows / Fluid Mechanics Encountered in Xerographic and Ink-Jet Printings:

1. Air-Particle Flows & Fluidized Bed2. Flows in Small Gaps3. Flows in Complex Geometries4. Air Jets Impinging on a Surface5. Cyclone Separators6. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) Flows7. Cooling Flows8. Drying9. Supersonic Jet flow10. Coating Flows11. Droplets formation from a liquid jet

Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 5/21/1999

• Some turbulence / fluid mechanics research that will help in our product designs:

1. Turbulent multi-phase flows; BCs for multi-phase flows; Turbulent mixing of particulate phases.2. Measurement techniques for turbulent air-particle flows.3. Turbulence models / Wall functions for low-Re flows, rough surfaces; Accurate calculations of surface quantities. e.g., shear stress, heat/mass transfer coefficients.4. Models valid in complex geometries where part of the flow region may be in highly turbulent condition while others are in laminar; Models valid all the way from laminar to fully developed turbulence.5. Experimental databank for turbulent flows in complex flow domains.6. Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) turbulence.7. LES and DNS for complex flow domains.8. Coating flows.9. Liquid jet and droplet formation.

Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, 5/21/1999

• The Increasing Needs for Industry to Collaborate with and to Leverage the Resources of Universities and their Research Centers:1. Smaller and leaner organization2. Pressing requirement on Time to Market

• Also:1. Available technology options2. Future workforce