Tunica carpus theory
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TUNICA CARPUS THEORY
Presented to : Mam TibaPresented by: Zeenat Meeran
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GENERAL
Meristem: Divisible and unspecialized cell. Divided and become specialized in
relation to their function.
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TYPE
Type Location function
Apical meristem
Tip of stems and roots
Growth: increase length at tip
Intercalary meristem
Between the tip and base stem and leaves
Growth: increase the length between the nodes
Laterlal meristem
Sides of stems and roots
Growth : increase in diameter
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CHRACTERISTICS
Shape: Isodermatic ,spherical, oval or
polygonal. Arrangement:Compactly and lack intercellular space.
Dense cytoplasm, large distinct and prominent nucleous.
Have capacity to divide.
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SHOOT APEX
Shoot apex- where new leaves and tissues of the stem arise
Theories about zonation of shoot apex: A. Apical cell theory B. Histogen theory C. Tunica-corpus theory
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APICAL CELL THEORY
Hofmeister (1857) cell visible in early stages of
development and dividing like a single apical cell.
Nageli (1878) a single apical cell is structural
and functional unit, which governs the entire process of apical growth.
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HISTOGEN THEORY
Henstein(1868) three distinct meristematic zones.Dermatogen: outermost and uniseriate layerPeriblem: middle region composed of
isodiamatric cell.Pelrome: central and inner massEach develop from independent group of initials
(histogens)
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TUNICA CARPUS THEORY Schmidt, 1924 TUNICA and CORPUS 2 regions can be distinguished by their
plane of cell division Apices are best described by this
theory. This concept used to describe apical
structure of vegetative and floral part.
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Dome like part of apical meristem have one to several outer layers.
Regularly arranged. Arise from specific group of initials. The tissue mass beneath the
superficial layers more random arrangement.
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Tunica One to several layered Plane of division almost entirely
anticlincal
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Carpus Central region Plane of division may be quit
randomlyTYPESA. Usual – 1. CMC 2. rib meristem 3. peripheral
B. Opuntia - + cambium-like transition zone
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Central zone– (waiting meristem)- promeristem- corpus + portions of tunica - gives rise to:
Rib zone or pith rib meristem- below central zone; center location- becomes the pith
Peripheral zone or peripheral meristem- encircles the other zones- most meristematic (eumeristem)- densest protoplast and smallest dimensions- gives rise to leaf primordia, procambium, cortical ground tissue
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Origin Evidences of surface layer in apex. Was deduced arrangement and
aspect of cell is fixed.
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Satina et al.(1940):Two outer most layer of tunica Whereas third layer contributing cell to the carpus
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Baker (1945):
Self-perpetuating tunica
No.38
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Dermen (1945)
oxycoccus Distinct apical layer Histogenicaly independent
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At was long thought that precilincal layers in th chimeras plant was not true tunica
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Thiekle (1954-1957) Untrue Trandence spp. No preclinical division Elsewhere in surface layer
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True tunica variable in number(1-9) Now recognized Parallel layer vary in number With ontogeny of plant With seasonal growth
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Thank you