TUNE My Life: Lessons We’re Learning about Life Course Planning
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Transcript of TUNE My Life: Lessons We’re Learning about Life Course Planning
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TUNE My Life: Lessons We’re Learning about Life Course PlanningKathy Karsting, RN, MPHProgram Manager Maternal Child Adolescent Health Nebraska DHHS Division of Public Health
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ObjectivesIdentify the function of life course
planning in promoting preconception health among adolescents and young adults
Describe the evolution of Nebraska’s approaches to life course planning
Discuss the role of life course planning in engaging youth in reflection, introspection, expression, sequential and longitudinal thinking, delayed gratification, and executive function
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Objectives Identify the function of life course
planning in promoting preconception health among adolescents and young adults
Describe the evolution of Nebraska’s approaches to life course planning
Discuss the role of life course planning in engaging youth in reflection, introspection, expression, sequential and longitudinal thinking, delayed gratification, and executive function
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Outline – Where we are
Definition and ScopeKey MessagesAdolescent Brain Development
Where we’ve beenTUNE My Life 1.1 and 1.2
Where we’re goingTUNE My Life 2.0Strategic planning
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Maternal Child Adolescent Health (MCAH)
As a team, we support holistic life course development, pregnancy through young adulthood.
Health is developmental.
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Laying the Foundation #1
LIFE COURSE HEALTH DEVELOPMENT?
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Life Course Development Theory
Our life course is a trajectory punctuated by critical and sensitive
periods Height of the trajectory represents
functional development/capacity Length of the trajectory represents
life span Influenced negatively by risk factors
and positively by protective factors Influenced by economic, social, and
environmental factors
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8
How Risk Reduction and Health Promotion Strategies Influence Health Development
FIGURE 4: This figure illustrates how risk reduction strategies can mitigate the influence of risk factors on the developmental trajectory, and how health promotion strategies can simultaneously support and optimize the developmental trajectory. In the absence of effective risk reduction and health promotion, the developmental trajectory will be sub-optimal (dotted curve). From: Halfon, N., M. Inkelas, and M. Hochstein. 2000. The Health Development Organization: An Organizational Approach to Achieving Child Health Development. The Milbank Quarterly 78(3):447-497.
Trajectory Without RR and HP Strategies
0 20
Hea
lth
Dev
elop
men
t
40 60 80Age (Years)
HP
RR Risk Reduction StrategiesHealth Promotion Strategies
Optimal Trajectory
Protective Factors
HP HPHP
RR
RR
RR
Risk Factors
Protective Factors
HP HPHP
RR
RR
RR
Risk Factors
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Life Course Development Theory – The Effects of Stress
Stress is cumulative and creates genetic and biological wear and tear (the allostatic load)
Stress is psychosocial, physiological, and/or environmental in nature
“Toxic stress” (Shonkoff) impacts neurochemical development of the brain and relates to Chronic Inflammation, Adaptability, Resilience, Adoption of Risk Behaviors, and Poor Health and Social Outcomes
Particularly telling in pregnancy and birth outcomes; infancy
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A Life Course Perspective for Maternal Health
Powerful influences shape pregnancy outcomes long before conception
Pregnancy outcomes are shaped by social, psychological , behavioral, environmental and biologic factors
Preconception care has traditionally focused on factors a few weeks or months prior to conception by women planning pregnancy. Nearly 1/3 of pregnancies are unintended The influence of many factors, such as
nutritional status, begins in childhood.
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Life Course Development and Health Disparities Disparities in birth outcomes result
from differential developmental trajectories over the life course.
While race as a biological concept may have little scientific meaning, as a social construct it may have profound health consequences.
The effect of race on birth outcome is likely mediated in part through (the) weathering of racism and racial discrimination over the life course.
Lu and Halfon (2003)
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Resources: Life Course Implications of Health at Birth
Abundant evidence emphasizing the significance of health at birth and early childhood
Number of prenatal care visits may not have an effect on a child’s birth outcomes (Or, it takes more than 9 months to make a healthy baby)
Health disparities begin at birth (Or, the future of civilization is in the health of our girls)
Address health disparities by improving management of chronic disease and overweight; substance use; stress; mental health; environments; poverty… well before pregnancy
Preconception Health and Health Care and Early Childhood Comprehensive Systems: Opportunities for Collaboration. National Center for Children in Poverty http://nccp.org/publications/pub_1063.html
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Recommended Resources – Life Course Development and Maternal Health
Misra, Dawn. 2006. Racial disparities in perinatal health; a multiple determinants perinatal framework with a lifespan approach. Harvard Health Policy Review. 7(1): 72 -90.
Grason, Holly and Dawn Misra. 2006. Application of a lifecourse and multiple determinants framework to improve maternal health. Baltimore MD. Womens’ and Children’s Health Policy Center. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health. http://www.jhsph.edu/research/centers-and-institutes/womens-and-childrens-health-policy-center/publications/Lifecourse_and_Mult_Determinats_Frmwk_brief.pdf
Lu M, Halfon N. Racial and ethnic disparities in birth outcomes: a life course perspective. Maternal and Child Health Journal 2003:7(1):13-30.
Contra Costa Health Dept. 2010. A 12-point plan to close the black-white gap in birth outcomes http://cchealth.org/lifecourse/pdf/12_point_plan_fact_sheet.pdf
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What is …
Preconception Health
?
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Working Definition of Preconception Health
Preconception Health encompasses the key health skills and behaviors for youth* aged 12-19 years, necessary to promote optimal life course outcomes for self and offspring during (future) reproductive years.
* Female and Male
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The Purpose of Preconception Health Promotion
To prepare youth to be physically, emotionally, and mentally healthy, and to be empowered with information and resources before the onset of sexual activity.
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Our Vision of Preconception HealthWe address preconception health as a holistic approach to support young people growing up in the adolescent years: embracing behaviors contributing to healthy relationships, healthy pregnancy, healthy parenting, and success for both parent and child.
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Look to the Future Key message development
Resources
Evaluation by Youth
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Look to the Future Preconception Fact Sheets
The “vehicle” for development of Key Messages
Resource Page
Evaluation questions, convenience sample
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Evaluation FindingsToxic exposuresSupport your partnerDental careLiving with violenceFolic Acid
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Resources - CDC http://
www.cdc.gov/preconception/index.html
http://www.cdc.gov/preconception/documents/reproductivelifeplan-worksheet.pdf
http://www.cdc.gov/preconception/documents/rlphealthproviders.pdf
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Resources – ACOG Feb. 2012
Preconception = Preparing for Pregnancy Weight Vitamins and supplements Exercise Substance Abuse Environment – toxins and violence Chronic conditions Medications, Herbals, Supplements Infections Past Pregnancies Family Health History
Pregnancy AP056 Good Health Before Pregnancy: Preconception Health
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Resources – Preconception Health and Health Care Reform
Increase the number of women covered by Medicaid
Improve preventive care Address health disparities through
improved pregnancy outcomesImprove knowledge, attitudes and
behaviors of men and women related to preconception health
Association of Maternal and Child Health Programs (AMCHP) Opportunities and Strategies for Improving Preconception Health through Health Care Reform Jan. 8, 2013
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Resources – AMCHPFamily Planning counseling and
use of reproductive life planPhysical activityNutritionNutrient IntakeImmunizationsInfectious DiseaseParental Exposures to drugs and
alcoholAssociation of Maternal and Child Health Programs (AMCHP) Opportunities and Strategies for Improving Preconception Health through Health Care Reform Jan. 8, 2013
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Social Marketing – Short-term Communication Goals• Increase awareness of preconception health
behaviors• Increase awareness that there is a
preconception time period• Increase awareness that what happens pre-
pregnancy (maternal and paternal) can affect health of baby
• Increase awareness about where to find more information
http://www.cdc.gov/preconception/showyourlove/index.html
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Outline – Where we are
Definition and ScopeLife Course Health
DevelopmentKey MessagesAdolescent Brain Development
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The Adolescent Brain and Life Course Planning The science of brain development
The impacts of adversity on brain development
The reality of Executive Function
Can we help make it happen?
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The Adolescent Brain – Anterior cortex Sequential development to higher
levels of integration of information The impact of role models, or lack
thereof The connection between health and
executive function The role of education and learning
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Executive Function A neuropsychological concept referring
to the high level cognitive processes required to plan and direct activities, including task initiation and follow-through, working memory, sustained attention, performance monitoring, inhibition of impulses, and goal-directed persistence.
Self-regulation
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Four Executive Functions related to Life Course Planning Planning/Prioritization – The ability to
create a roadmap to reach a goal or to complete a task. (PL)
Time Management – the capacity to estimate how much time one has, how to allocate it, and how to stay within time limits and deadlines. How to monitor progress and stay on schedule. (TM)
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Four Executive Functions related to Life Course Planning Goal-Directed Persistence – the
capacity to have a goal, follow through to the completion of the goal, and not be put off or distracted by competing interests (GDP)
Metacognition – The ability to stand back and take a bird’s eye view of oneself in a situation, the ability to self-monitor and self-evaluate (M)
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Examples of Strategies to Model and Train Executive Function Break long-term projects into clearly
defined subtasks and give each a time frame (PL)
Use an analogy of a roadmap. Identify the destination. Visualize the path needed to reach the destination (PL)
When making a plan, include the amount of time involved for each step (TM).
Identify likely distractors, diversions, and roadblocks and how they may impact schedule and time estimates (TM).
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Examples of Strategies to Model and Train Executive Function If a young person is unable to establish
goals, offer a menu of choices for what they might want to work toward (GDP)
Make the goal real and visible as possible with images or experiences (GDP)
Make measures of progress visible (GDP) Embed questions designed to elicit self-
evaluation or self-assessment (M) Ask, “How did you solve that problem?”
and “Can you think of another way of doing that?” (M)
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Examples of Strategies to Model and Train Executive Function
Make tasks shortMake steps explicitMake tasks closed-endedBuild in variety or choice
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The Adolescent Brain – and Adverse Childhood Experiences Reframing child – and parent – wellbeing
Trauma-informed care
Call to Action: Addressing Toxic Stress and Health
Disparities across the Lifespan
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Recommended Resources - Brain Development Harvard University Center on the
Developing Child http://developingchild.harvard.edu/
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Recommended Resources – Learning Executive Function Dawson, Peg and Richard Guare. 2010.
Executive Skills in Children and Adolescents: A Practical Guide to Assessment and Intervention 2nd Ed. Guilford Press: New York.
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Where We’ve Been TUNE My Life 1.0
Observations If adults love it… ask yourself if
you’re on the right track If adults review and critique it… ask
yourself if kids will accept it If adults direct action from it… ask
yourself if anybody is still in the room
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TUNE My Life 2.0 Key Messages
Multiple Choices
Guided Self-interpretation
Resources
Incorporate Health Literacy
Demonstrate Cultural and Linguistic Intelligence and Sensitivity
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Reproductive Life Plans
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Where We’re Going: Project LIFECOURSE
Brain Development + TUNE My Life = Executive Function
Look to the Future: Implementing the Key Messages as program activities
Steering Committee
Reaching Youth, Improving Life Course Outcomes
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Where Will YOU Go?
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Where Will YOU Go? Is there something about this
session you will apply?
Is there something you will research or think about further?
Are you interested in joining a steering committee?