Tumors and Cancer
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Transcript of Tumors and Cancer
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Tumors and Cancer
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• Neoplasms: abnormal growth of cells– AKA: Tumors
2 types1. benign – remain localized
2. Malignant – tumors spread to other regions of the body = CANCER
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Cancer cells
• Not encapsulated• Fall away from original neoplasms• Can start new tumors in other parts of the
body, usually migrating using lymph vessels– Metastasis– Can also invade surrounding tissue and replace
part of vital organ
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Benign Tumors from Epithelial
Papilloma – wart like extensionsAdenomaNevus – small pigmented
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Benign from connective
• Lipoma – adipose• Osteoma – bone• Chondroma - cartilage
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Malignant from epithelial
• Melanoma – melanocytes – skin• Adenocarcinoma – glandular epithelium
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Malignant from connective
• Lymphoma – cancer of lymphatic tissue• Osteosarcoma – bone tissue• Myeloma – bone marrow tumor• Fibrosarcoma – involving fibrous connective
tissue
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Causes of cancer
• Mistake in cell division1. Genetic factors – oncogenes2. Carcinogens – affect genetic activity,
mutagens3. Age4. Environment5. Viruses - hpv
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Pathogenesis of cancer
• Self – examination• Diagnostic imaging• Biopsy• Blood test– Prognosis – statement of probable outcome– Treatments include chemotherapy, radiation
therapy, laser therapy andimmunotherapy