Tulsa Union Depot

Tulsa/union depot

NEWSCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE & DESIGNSPRING 2015 AR503

UNDERGRADUATE THESIS DESIGN STUDIO

A RENOVATION OF PWA ARTDECO TRANSIT STATION FUNDED BY (CORPERATE/GOVERMENT/PRIVATE) IN THE HEART OF A REVIVING

DOWNTOWN URBAN ENVIROMENT IN NEED OF CONNECTION.

Tulsa/Union Depot

A

THESIS

PRESENTED TO THE

UNDERGRADATE FACULTY OF

THE NEWSCHOOL OF ACHITECTURE & DESIGN

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT

OF THE REQUIREMENTSFOR THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE

BY

AUSTIN R RICHARDS

JUNE 2015

SAN DIEGO CA

I

COPYRIGHT PAGE

©2015AUSTIN R RICHARDS

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED

II

THESIS ABSTRACT

Trans/Renatus is a project focusing on reviving and redeveloping the Tulsa Union Depot in the heart of Tulsa’s downtown. A former train station built in PWA Art Deco fashion that has been neglected and underutilized for the last forty years of the buildings life. By bringing the memories of the past and focusing on the present and future needs of the city’s residents, the goal is to provide a space for connection, congregation, and for newest members integration.

By updating the structure, reconfi gurating the existing program, and creating and outdoor condition that draws and invites the user inside. This critical piece of Tulsa’s heart can once again become a functioning, and most all fun part of the city’s program.

III

Tulsa/Union Depot

Tulsa Union DepotA

THESISPRESENTED TO THE

UNDERGRADUATE FACULTY OF

THE NEWSCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE

BYAUSTIN R RICHARDS

APPROVED BY:

UNDERGADUATE CHAIR: LEONARD ZEGARSKI DATE:

STUDIO INSTRUCTOR: JORGE ORZONO DATE:

IV

DEDICATIONTHIS THESIS IS DEDICATED TO

MY MOTHER FOR ALL YOU HAVE GIVEN UP AND FOR MAKIN ME THE MAN

I AM TODAY.

MR. FREECE FOR A LOVELY CONVERSTATION THAT STARTED ALL OF THIS.

SSGT. SEIF THE MAN RESPONSIBLE FOR GETTING ME BACK

HOME IN ONE PIECE.

REST MY BROTHER, YOU WERE THE BEST OF US.

FINALLY I WOULD LIKE TO DEDICATE THIS TO MY FRIENDS AND FAMILY

FOR

ENCOURGING ME THROUGHOUT THIS ENTIRE ORDEAL KNOWN AS

ARCHITECTURE

V

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS VI

I would like to thank Newschool and it’s great staff of instructuctors

and facultiy. for making this an interesting and fulfilling experience.

Alan rosemblum, casey mahon, danella,, and jorge pushed me to be better

my work and continue to learn.

len and gil have always been an inspiration and a great conversation.

bruce has always been a great help with writting and helping to create

a general education program focused on creating better rounded stu-

dents and he has my gratitude for that.

joe and ernesto you guys are life savers.

TABLE OF CONTENTSTITLE PAGE:COPYRIGHT PAGE:ABSTRACT:SIGNATURE PAGE:DEDICATION:ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:TABLE OF CONTENTS:

IIIIIIIVVVIVII

Tulsa/Union Depot

VII

INTRODUCTION TO ESSAY:

PROBLEM STATEMENT

CRITICAL POSITION

THESIS STATEMENT

thesis essay:rational for study

scope of study

summary of study

research methodssummation of ar502

case studies

contextual analysis

Results/Design Prototype:contextual analysis

Programing

Conceptual

Circulation

Structure

Sustainability

Conclusion:Summation

Feedback / Evaluations

Statement of Learning

AppendicesReview of Literature

List of Charts

List of Illistrations

List of Tables

Other MAterials

Vita

VIII

CHAPTER 1PROBLEM STATEMENT

CRITICAL POSITION

THESIS STATEMENT

1

INTRODUCTION

2

I

III

3

PROBLEM STATEMENT This site rests on an interesting border condition, the tracks itself serving as a stark barrier from one part of downtown to the other. On one side there lies Downtown proper where one can fi nd a large collection of Art Deco and Neo Deco styles. This part of downtown is more established, and mostly oriented towards business and government. On the other side of the tracks is the emerging Greenwood and Brady Arts District. This side has a troubled history and for the longest time the North of the tracks was considered off limits for most.

“One of the most signifi cant events in Tulsa’s history was the Race Riot that occurred in 1921. Following World War I, Tulsa boasted one of the most affl u-ent African American communities in the country, known as the Greenwood Dis-trict. This thriving business district and surrounding residential area was referred to as “Black Wall Street.” In June of 1921, a series of events nearly destroyed the entire Greenwood area.” (Tulsa Historical Society Museum)

Soon after this devastation the Tulsa Union Depot was founded and due to the time of consctruction, the building followed a format based on Jim Crow Laws essiantially seprating users from one anouther. The district was slow to re-cover though while on the southern side there was great progress in development thanks to the discovery of oil in the area. The northern side was allowed to wallow in disrepair for decades after.

In the fi rst decade of this century though Tulsa was plagued by an entirely diff erent problem most of the residents had begun to age into retirement. The youth of Tulsa were unequiped to take on the mantle that the older generation had left them. The economy lagged from a lack of skilled workers and educated professionals.

The city has a unque oppertunity to reinvent itself to encourage a younger workforce, to migrate the area. Aside from oppurtunity and a lower cost of living than the national average. Tulsa began to notice that their was a developing interest in the younger generation to live and play closer to work.

This is the catalist that began to change these broken communites into something greater and many companies starving for these new proff essionals were only to happy to lend their support. Although much has been done the city still lacks a cultural center, and waypoint for these younger people to identify with. The city is still searching to reinvent it’s soul and revive its heart.

4

CRITICAL POSITION

This project is rooted in the belief that not everything needs to be solved with bright new architecture. That often much of our needs can be serviced by the buildings that have ceased to serve their intend-ed purpose either from neglect or shift in our cultures needs.

Buildings with character should not only be perserved and cherished, but utilized and celebrated. Projects such as this off er an oppurtuinty to refl ect on the past and improve upon it with the new technologies and methods that the present provides.

It is not enough to renovate, one must revive and refresh, in order for a rebirth of a historical building to be a success.

6

7

FIGURE 1.1- Percentage of the World Population (Urban Vs. Rural)

THESIS STATEMENT The objectives for this project are as follows: social renewal, redeveloping a historic monument, and a program that respects the cities early rise, and looks toward servicing a newer generation wants and needs. The social objectives inform my critical postion by providing a central location for the community to congerate and socalize, and provide a location that reinforces the typoligy of downtown Tulsa, but allows it to adapt to current and future trends. Currently growth in the city is stable at eight percent, however not all of that growth is from millials coming into the city. The city needs to sell itself as a fun, engaging city that focuses on sustatinalbilty, health, and livability. The redesign of the interior can showcase an idustrial archeology that shows what Tulsa is and what it wants to be. By using a program focusing on service and recreation, we can capture and engage the population to an experience steeped in history and focused on the livability of Tulsa. The exterior program, will focus on design focused on public health, sustainability, and encourge walkablity thoughout the city. Finally my objectives will infl uence my critical position, based on my approach is to create an architectural solution that will provide a engage, and envigorate not only the downtown area, but the city as a whole. Were everyone can come togther to engage in sociallizing, learning, and relaxing.

The project is driven by conceptual design, and historic archelogy, to prove my critical postion that redefi ng this building can perserve Tulsa’s history while help to revive the city’s heart, and assist Tulsa’s ability to draw a younger workforce.

8

CHAPTER 2 RATIONAL FOR STUDY

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

SUMMARY OF THE STUDY9

10

Thesis Essay

Steady job growth exists in Tulsa, even with a large decline in oil prices, and attracting and retaining young professionals and skilled workers are key to ensuring continued economic growth. Forbes in 2013 ranked Tulsa the number one city for young entrepreneurs in the U.S., and the Fiscal Times ranked Tulsa second U.S. city for young people to fi nd jobs.

With this in mind it is important to ask what the city needs to provide to continue to encourage young men and women to move into the work force. “Its cost of doing business at 15 percent under the U.S. average due to low rent, energy costs and taxes, Tulsa will continue in 2015 to be a prime location for industry prospects looking to relocate or expand at a steady pace.” (Economic Profi le)

This information lays out that economics and oppurtunity are pretty abundant and yet. “The 2010 Census found that Tulsa was one of just 3 of the largest 20 cities in Oklahoma to see a population decline over the last decade. Meanwhile, its outer-lying cities and suburbs are experiencing more rapid growth as more people leave the downtown Tulsa area. Nearby Broken Arrow, for example, grew 32% in the last de-cade.” (Economic Profi le)

SUMMARY OF THE STUDY

12

The city has been revamping the downtown image. As data has shown that millieals are racing towards cities. Tulsa is having a diffi cult time encourging people to reside with in the downtown framework.

Looking at what downtown Tulsa has historically off ered though it is not hard to see why. During the day the city is a hub of activity inside its buildings the actual streets seem abandoned. At night the issueis even worse as the area focused on building businesses it lacked resturants, bars and other forms of entertainment, usually sought in a downtown area.

This is changing in the Greenwood and Brady Art District, as the city has begun to reprogram parts of the downtown to fi t with a younger more urban oriented model.

SUMMARY OF THE STUDY

14

Project Funding

Government

State/Local

Fedral

Tax IncentivesLand Acquisition

Transport Infastructure

Grants

Private InvestmentRail

PreLease Fundraising

ComunityNational15

FIGURE 2.1 - JAZZ SOCIETYFIGURE 2.2 - FUNDRISE

The idea of this thesis is to marry corporate, private, and public interests, into a mixed use programing. Looking at cities already doing simular things such as San Diego, New York, San Fransico and a few projects outside the US. New York has incorporated this kind ofdevelopment ages ago, and many cities are rapidly following suite.

By developing a building and incentizing developers to add public space into their programs. These cities have found ways to get more of what they want at a lower cost to the residents, at the same time developers are getting free pubilisity, exposure, as well as tax breaks and relaxed zoning requirements as a result.

Tulsa is unique in history, clime, and culture. This is only enhanced by the city’s architecture. A mix of international styles and a strong background in Art Deco, from its very early prominence the city has a style that has seldom been seen since. The station is a refl ection of that, it is a vestage of a time once lost that we obcess to return to, and why should we not? While it could be that such sites are relics, and serve no purpose this projects centers around the idea that time is a testament to its design a to perserve the exterior with a passion for perservation and an eye toward the future.

16

RATIONAL FOR STUDY

17

IMAGE 2.1- KAMAL MEATTLE

This thesis looks at urban case studies such as the Mercado, in Mexico City, Foster + Partners’ “Vieux Port” pavilion in Marceille, and Horton Plaza Park in San Diego California. As well as literature dealing with urban context and possible solutions to attempt to place on this site. Jane Jacobs, “Death and Life of Great American Cities,” justifi es the need of small city blocks, that create oppurtuniites for cultural and public activeity. TED Talks have often been a source of inspiration for me and I often look to them for their wealth of new ideas and topics. Kamal Meattle’s talk on How to Grow Fresh Air will come up when talking about sustainability Book studies where to include Massive Change by Bruce Mau, in his collection gives a contemporay look into present issues that we are facing.If that is not enough he provides a great collection of professionals dedicating their careers and lives to meet these challenges. Combinatory Urbansim by Morphosis introduced me to several interesting stategies for focusing on the site, and weaving it into the fabric of the urban context. Finally a great introduction to Tulsa’s architecture can be found in Don Wagner’s book Tulsa Art Deco Experience. This book is fi lled with case studies surrounding and imerced in the Tulsa area. He provides brief history and scope. As well as gives several tools to expand on his works and dig deeper.

18

SCOPE OF STUDY

HISTORY

DEMOGRAPHICS

CASE STUDIES

19

CHAPTER 3

20

Research Methods

IMAGE 3.1- NEW UNION DEPOT

21

1930Population: 141,258

Cain’s Dance Academy in businessUnion Depot opens.

Philbrook Art Center opens.Waite Phillips donated his home to become Philbrook Art Museum.

1990Population: 367,302

Tulsa Preservation Commission and Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame established.Tulsa receives 1992 Outstanding Public Service Award from Federal Emergency

Management Agency (FEMA) for its fl ood management program

2000Population: 393,049; Metro 859,532

Union Depot building converted to house Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame

IMAGE 3.2-TULSA RACE RIOT

HISTORY

22

1887 Tulsa founded

1900Population: 1,390Oil discovered at Red Fork, near Tulsa, starting oil boomTrolley begins operating.Tulsa becomes part of the new U.S. state of Oklahoma1920Population: 72,075Tulsa race riot devastated Greenwood. (Black Wall Street)Major fl ood of Arkansas River heavily damages Tulsa water purifi cation plant and causes its relocation to a site near Mohawk ParkTulsa Municipal Airport dedicated1960Population: 261,685Area of city: 50 square milesTulsa Expo Center built; Golden Driller statue permanently installedUnion Depot abandoned after passenger train service ceases.

2010Population: 391,906; Metro 937,478.Area of city: 196.75 square milesBrady Historic District added to NRHPCenter of the Universe Festival (music fest) held.Woodward Park and Gardens Historic District established

IMAGE 3.3-TULSA UINON SKETCHIMAGE 3.4-ORGINAL TULSA UNION DEPOT

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Gilette Tyrrell (Pythian) Mayo Motor Inn

Tulsa Metro Bus Terminal Day Building

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HISTORY

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HISTORY

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“The tremendous growth of Tulsa from 1920 to 1930 was fueled by its passion to be know internationally as the “Oil Capital of the World”. To exhibit it’s success it built extravagent buildings featuring the Art Deco designs. It was a popular modern style that refl ected Tulsa’s spirit and the energy.” (Wagner, D. 2009)

A fun thing about this style is how fl exible it alows itself to be, how expressive each building becomes, and of course the history each one seems to pocess. Tulsa Union Depot is no diff erent in this the building itself seems to act as something of drawing force even amoung much larger buildings nearby.

DEMOGRAPHICS Demographics in Tulsa are very promising at the moment. Median Household income is above the national average. The dollar streches further here than in many states in the US. However more interesting is the migration pattern that the city fi nds itself in.

The city fi nds a stable growth rate of about 8% overall. The suburbs at the moment see the greatest growth. However that is changing as the pattern begins to change. While at the moment the age of migration is even the trend is getting younger. Tulsa actually wants this growth to continue as the embrace of a vibrant downtown continues, it seems likely that it will.

The oppurtunities are available but it seems the rencent trends in migration is not limited to stable income and job availablity. This younger generation is looking for more. Walkability, sustainabil-ity, and culture are becoming key elements in this younger class of professionals decision making.

In this Tulsa is only now begining to make changes towards these goals. While behind the trend, it may work to the cities better-ment. Since it is argualbly about ten to fi fteen years behind such cities as Seattle, San Francisco, or San Deigo even, Tulsa gets the benefi ts of seeing what has worked, what is working, and what has failed utterly.

If Tulsa wants to be competive though it will need to address these issues sooner rather than later.

28

Mercado was a proposed case study, for the project and after a brief study was wholeheartedly embraced as a example of open fl uid program, uniting with sustainable design. Through the project a theme of conditions on simple greenscaping, industrial elements fuses, to create the diff erent enviroments and implies but does not constrict the program inside.

CASE STUDIES

MERCADO, MEXICO CITY

30

IMAGE 3.5-MERCADO INTERIOR 1IMAGE 3.6-MERCADO INTERIOR 2IMAGE 3.7-MERCADO INTERIOR 3

31

FIGURE 3.1-EATALY FLOORPLAN IMAGE 3.8-EATALY INTERIOR 1IMAGE 3.9-EATALY INTERIOR 2

Eataly is a more Americanized version of Mercado, and while it shares some of the core elements. It clearly invokes a diff erent response.

Eataly has a feel of a New York neighbothood, in true American style it has been streamlined, manufactured, and industriazed.

A Brave New World comes to mind as a on stop shop for leisure and comradere.

CASE STUDIES

Eataly, New York

32

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IMAGE 3.10-HORTON PLAZA WELLIMAGE 3.11-HORTON PLAZA RENDERINGIMAGE 3.12-HORTON PLAZA PLAZA NEW PAVILION

“The revamped and renovated Horton Plaza Park opened its doors in the heart of Downtown San Diego on Wednesday, but it’s the project’s three-and-a-half year history that won’t be printed on any plaque in the park. At the grand unveiling, San Diego Mayor Kevin Faulconer and other city offi cials all pointed out the park on the north side of Horton Plaza is a great new addition to downtown. (Bledsoe, Greg)

This study has only recently opened and it remains to be seen how succesful it will become.

The concept was powerful enough and relates to my site conditions almost perfectly. the Idea is an open site that allows people to move freely and stage a large range of activities.

The project did take much longer to complete than was promised. As it took a few years since the ground breaking to comlete

CASE STUDIES

Horton Plaza Park, San Diego

34

CHAPTER 4

SPACE CONCEPT

Programing

Conceptual

Circulation

Structure

Sustainability

35

Results/Design Prototype

36

37

Social Space

Entertainment

Intimate Space

SITE CONCEPT

38

SPACE CONCEPT “Capitalizing on its advantages proximity to multiple modes of mass transit, the site is programmed as a hub of activity and entertainment.” (Mayne, T., Allen, S., & Mayne, T. 2011)

Looking toward a program that incorporates, and acomodates entertainment, while maintaining exterior asthetics, the space concept is that of a nesting doll. Making sure that the building fi ts well with it’s site, and program and new interior elements nesting inside the remaining exterior walls.

Inside the concept is to let things fl ow into one anouther allowing for spaces some fl exibility.

FIRST FLOOR SECOND FLOOR THIRD FLOOR

39INTERACTIVE

SITE

HISTORICPRESERVATION

GREEN SPACE

CONTEMPORARY PROGRAM

USER

FIGURE 4.1 - NESTING DOLL

SCHEME

40

“Architecture is basically a container of something. I hope they will enjoy not so much the teacup, but the tea.” Yoshio Taniguchi

This quote really imbodies the scheme of this project. Before I came across it the idea was already intergrated however it ties evrything up neatly.

From the onset I wanted the building to draw the user in. I wanted surprise and a bit of awe. This building already incorporates much of that. It is hidden behind much larger scales, but the adornment and placement in the city almost forces the resident to come across it with only a bit of wandering required.

That alone reinforces the need to create an outdoor condition that is fl exable and able to have people walking throughout. The inside though is kind of a let down with gypsum tile, and generic walls one wlaks through the grand arched opening and is led into a mediocre space that could be found most any where.

I understand why this was done for the current needs of the hall however. This project introduces a diff erent approach. When one walks through seeing the beautiful exterior walls expecting and equally baroque interior. They are confronted with a contrasting theme of rustic contemopary space. The hope being that they may feel inclined to turn around and fi nd a green wall condition that creates a very diff erent feel than the outsite.

SKIN

42

The skin was an interesting venture. As stated throughout the book the exterior was not to be touched. The inside is a very rustic in-dustrail style so it took a bit of thinking of how best to keep these features seperate but tied together.

The answer came as the structure began to be fl eshed out. A scism was created to allow a transition. but the structure goes right to the exterior and in some cases through it. Giving the impression that the beams and columns have always existed.

The channel created gave a few oppurtunies creating room for the light well at the front of the building. As well as a space for my green wall systems to attach.

At the end this space became an important piece as it was successful in the transition and may even create the impression of being in a entirely new space by hiding the existing wall in the interior side.

43

18%

18%

8%38%

18%

43%

4%14%

15%

24%

25%

10%65%

LEVEL: 1 37%

LEVEL: 2 27% LE

VEL:

3

36%

LEVEL 1:

LEVEL 2:

LEVEL 3:

12%

88%

TOTAL BUILT AREA: 36,500 FT2TOTAL OPEN AREA: 133,550 FT2TOTAL SITE AREA: 151,800 FT2

PROG

RAM

: E

XIS

TIN

G S

ITE

12%

22%

22%

44%

TOTAL BUILT AREA: 54,750 FT2TOTAL PARKING: 33,387.5 FT2TOTAL TRANSIT: 33,387.5 FT2TOTAL GREEN SPACE: 66,775 FT2

BUILT AREA: 54,750 FT2

TOTAL TRANSIT: 33,387.5 FT2

TOTAL GREEN SPACE: 66,775 FT2

PROG

RAM

: PR

OP

OS

ED

SIT

E

PROGRAMING

44

Intial program began on focusing on for main elements on the site. Transit lanes for pedestrian as well as rail and vehicle traffi c. The orginal built area that encompasses the entire existing building. exterior green or public park space. Finally parking.

The levels of the building began to be broken up by program needed on each level. Each one began as an attempt to give each story a similar profi le. As the project progressed however it became apparent that cluster certain programs such as the merchantile on the second fl oor would become more preferable.

TOTAL EXISITNG BUILDING AREA 19,275

TOTAL OPEN AREA 81,334 (PRESENTATION SPACE) 10,525

(PARKING) 22,076

(CIRCULATION) 10,233

(PARK) 27,078

(TRAIN PAVILION) 11,422

TOTAL SITE AREA 100,609

AREA DISTRIBUTION

LEVEL 1: 17,580ASSEMBLY / RESTURANT 6,610

ASSEMBLY / STAGE 670

ASSEMBLY / LOUNGE 940

SERVICE SPACE / FOOD PREP 1,100

SERVICE SPACE / BAR 860

SERVICE SPACE / AMMENITIES 640

SERVICE SPACE / HVAC 360

MERCANTILE / SHOPS 1,650

CIRCULATION / OPEN AREA 4,750

LEVEL 2: 10,800ASSEMBLY / BAR/CLUB 1,720

MERCANTILE / SHOP 2,825




CIRCULATION / TRANSIT 4,825

LEVEL 3: 13,880ASSEMBLY / BAR/CLUB 2,705


GREEN SPACE / GARDEN 6,060





TOTAL AREA / INNER CORE 42,260

45

PROGRAMING

46

The fi nal program led to seperating a the transit components creating fi ve elements. Because the circulation begins to merge into the building itself.

In addition the spaces inside began to become more refi ned. the fi rst level being the primary entertainment and circulation hub. The second fl oor being anouther source of egress, and although defi ned as mostly mercantile space, does have areas for relaxation. Finally the third seperates into three distinct catagories as seen later in the fl oor plans as the greenhouse, lounge, and the last being dedicated solely to bringing in light to the second and

CIRCULATION

48

Site circulation is ment to be largely open, however this is a chal-lenge, being that the existing parking basically overwhelmed everything. To combat this I had to be a bit creative. I cut most of the parking out only leaving under the bridge which would provide enough room for employees and the handicapped. The other park-ing would be outsourced to the northern lot which could be purchaced specifi caly for this purpose, however as it serves as public parking anyway not much would have to change.

With that in mind it allows for people to move in and out as needed and more organically. While access the train transit can be direct through the building the meandering approach could be more desireable.

The internal building is open at the bottom fl oor and serviced by two main corridors of verical circulation. This is provided by escalators that will create a gentler transition for one space to the next.

49

IMAGE 4:1 - IVYIMAGE 4:2 - SPIDER PLANTIMAGE 4:3 - MOTHER IN LAW TONGUEIMAGE 4:4 - ARECA PALM

SUSTAINABLE

50

The TED Talk How to Grow fresh Air Kamal Meattle discussed how many plants could be used to create fresh air, to purify the air and increase the oxygen content in a room. He makes a good case largely due to the fact that he actually incorporated it in his own building. Now cited as the healthiest building in New Delhi. His work is quickly picking up a following in the architecture comunity as we seek to create healthier buildings.

For this project it is an interesting proposition to use this, as it can reduce the needs of HVAC and other mechaincal systems, and creates a healthier enviroment. However there is not enough fl oor space to provide enough for the users. So the idea to use the wall on the exterior walls began to form and was embraced as this helps to seperate the the outdoor condtion from the inside.

SUSTAINABLE

52

Lighting for this space should be saved for night, at least as much as possible, and so the skylight was inposed on the third level to bring in as much more than the existing windows provided.

While the glass does face the southern exposure the windows could be double paned and tinted for the buildings needs.

STRUCTURE

54

The idea of structure and how it should be expressed in this project took on several renditions not to mention many back and worth conversations. Many had imput and as the project progressed so to did the idea of how the supporting strucuture would be achieved.

At fi rst I made a passive attempt at looking towards the past. Thinking maybe a bit to literal that a fl ying butress would be the savior for supporting the exterior walls during construction and through its life cycle.

There where a few reasons why this didn’t work. Structurally its great add a inversed fl ying buttress would defi natly brace the existing structure and allow for work to continue inside. However by taking the language of the design to literal it provides a huge clash with both the interior and exterior.

STRUCTURE

56

As I worked through I tried elements a bit more contemporarytrying to fi nd a balance between the linear elements and eluding to the more round about program and green elements in the site and building.

Again though it clashed pretty spectacularly with what I was trying to achieve the system was becoming more elegant but the scale was off .

After more constructive critism I moved to further abstracting the way my structure was supporting the project.

STRUCTURE

58

After severe abstraction and some a look at architects such as Caltra-va, and Von Gerkan’s Rail road station in Berlin helped to dramtically simplify and refi ne my ideas for the overall system.

I began to look more toward matching the systems outside on the rails to whatwas happing inside. In the early case the outside cy-clinder would be inversed on the inside keeping the true connec-tions perpendicular and pararelle.

The project seemed to have leaped a fw bounds by this point, I was happy with the progress, but it still seemed laking.

STRUCTURE

60Finally compromise was found by keeping the strucutre simple exposed steel beams and columns to complement the interior rustic contemporary vibe. This system them extends seamingly past the exterior walls and ties to various portions of my site.

The rooftop and train canopies are the only exceptions as they terminate into a simple arch. This was done in attempt to seperate the programs from the rest of the building but tie the external contidtions to the internal.

CHAPTER 5

SITE

1ST FLOOR

2ND FLOOR

3RD FLOOR

Conclusion

65

CONCLUSION

66

Parking

Parking

Parking

67

SITETOTAL EXISITNG BUILDING AREA 19,275

TOTAL OPEN AREA 81,334 (PRESENTATION SPACE) 10,525

(PARKING) 22,076

(CIRCULATION) 10,233

(PARK) 27,078

(TRAIN SPACE) 11,422

TOTAL SITE AREA 100,609

The site is one of the largest hurdles of the project.The existing condition, a parking lot, leaves much to be desired and this in turn creates a buff er pushing the passerby further on their way.

To remedy this, a open green condition was placed over the existing parking elements, and the need for parking outsourced to the properties adjacent.

The train station has hope of being reinstated and with that in mind, we tie the tracks to the building with pavilion space.

The fi nal adjustment comes into being as a pavilion for presentation or entertainment.

68

ServiceCirculation

Food

Bar

Entertainment

69

FIRST FLOORLEVEL 1: 17,580ASSEMBLY / RESTURANT 6,610


ASSEMBLY / LOUNGE 940

SERVICE SPACE / FOOD PREP 1,100




MERCANTILE / SHOPS 1,650

CIRCULATION / OPEN AREA 4,750

The First Floor acts as the heart of the project, but also allows for the connection between diff erent site conditions and desitinations.

The Core program is seperated between resturant space and live theatre and music hall.

The existing interior walls incorporate the aforementioned green wall elements in order to help contrast the existng outside art deco elements with the rustic comtemporary design on the interior. 70

Service

Circulation

BarMerc.

Merc.

Open to 1st Flr.

71

SECOND FLOORLEVEL 2: 10,800ASSEMBLY / BAR/CLUB 1,720

MERCANTILE / SHOP 2,825





The second fl oor provides an addtional egress, and also creates a great vantage point to view the fl oor below.

The frames not only include the activety below but include a much better overwatch of the sustainable wall system as well.

The Program conditions include a bar area but the large focus will be merchantile space on this platform.

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Service

Circulation

Bar

Garden

Entertainment

Open to 1st Floor

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THIRD FLOORLEVEL 3: 13,880ASSEMBLY / BAR/CLUB 2,705


GREEN SPACE / GARDEN 6,060





TOTAL AREA / INNER CORE 42,260

The fi nal level is located on the roof. The existing conditions were very underutilized. While they added some lighting and helped the space on the second fl oor feel grander. The approach I chose was to try to utlize the deck to full potential.

Not only do have our garden space here, but also a more intament space for presetnations and live music. The southern side will capture as much light as possible and bring that allthe way to the ground fl oor.

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What matters most though is you, the user. Is this a place you want to be, is this a night you want to have? 75

The fi nal question to be asked in thesis is, as follows. Was your Thesis sucessful?

A daunting question however I can sum it up as thus. Is this the right plan for the city? Maybe. Can it be improved upon? Yes, however I set out to recover a building that was being underutilized and reimpose a program that would immerse it into the city.

In that regard I think I was fairly successful. The program is open and fl exible. The elements take the parts grafted help enhance the existing and reinforce what will be what can be.

FINAL OVERVIEW

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REFERENCE WORKS CITED

LIST OF IMAGES

LIST OF FIGURES

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REFERENCE

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WORKS CITED

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LIST OF IMAGESIMAGE: 2.1-KAMAL MEATTLEPeters, Adele. Kamal Meattle. Digital image. At This New Delhi Offi ce, A Greenhouse Cleans The Smoggy Out-door Air. CO.EXIST, Published: 27 Jan. 2015. Web. 18 May 2016. <https://www.fastcoexist.com/3041201/at-this-new-delhi-offi ce-a-greenhouse-cleans-the-smoggy-outdoor-air>.

IMAGE: 3.1-NEW TULSA UNION DEPOTBarriger, John. Tulsa Union Depot. Digital image. Tulsa Union Depot. Mike Condren, Published: n.d.Web. 19 May 2016. <http://condrenrails.com/Tulsa-Railroad-Pages/Stations/Union-Depot.html>.

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LIST OF IMAGESIMAGE: 3.3-TULSA UNION SKETCHCorrubia, Paul. Tulsa Union Depot Sketch. Digital image. Flickr. Beryl Ford, Published: 3 Oct. 2006. Web. 19 May 2016. <https://www.fl ickr.com/photos/losttulsa/3171688803>.

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IMAGE: 3:9-EATLY INTERIOR 2Carte, Erin. Beer Garden in Summer. Digital image. Erin A La Carte. Erin A La Carte, 12 July 2013. Web. 19 May 2016. <https://erinalacarte.wordpress.com/tag/eataly/>.

IMAGE: 3:10-HORTON PLAZA WELLKirk, Patricia. Downtowns Historic Horton Plaza Park. Digital image. Bisnow. Bisnow, 05 May 2016. Web. 19 May 2016. <https://www.bisnow.com/san-diego/news/other/downtowns-histor-ic-horton-plaza-park-opens-59642>.

IMAGE: 3:11-HORTON PLAZA RENDERINGKelly, Stephen. Open Ideas Urban Redesign Competition, Horton PlazaPark, San Diego. Digital image. Landscape Online. Copyright © 2016Landscape Com-munications Inc., Published: 19 June 2016. Web. 19 June 2016. <http://www.landscapeonline.com/research/ar-ticle.php/15058>.

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LIST OF IMAGES

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Figure 1-1Sylvester, T. (2016, May 7). Percentage of the World Population (Urban vs. Rural) [Digital image]. Web May 16, 2016, from https://medium.com/@TimSylvester/we-have-nothing-to-fear-from-driverless-trucks-but-fear-itself-ea6a3cd1d436#.9zy3sfl kk

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LIST OF FIGURES

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