Tuesday, Oct. 1, 2013 10:45-11:45 Linda Wigington Linda M. Wigington Associates

Tuesday, Oct. 1, 2013 10:45-11:45

Linda WigingtonLinda M. Wigington Associates

[email protected]

www.thousandhomechallenge.org

KEEA/PBI ENERGY EFFICIENCY 2013

Program Track; Behavioral Change

KEEA/PBI October 1, 2013 1

FROM TIPS TO TRANSFORMATION!

Exploring the power of example

& collective action


Conclusions

1) The impact of the integration of efficiency, lifestyle/behavioral choices, renewables is huge

2) Deep reductions of energy use (~75% or greater) are attainable in many existing homes/households in PA

3) High value from redefining what is possible, case studies, & ongoing feedback

4) Getting there is simultaneously easier than expected & elusive

5) Many implications from deep reduction efforts to efficiency initiatives, particularly concept of “On the Path” strategies


“FIND YOUR VOICE, AND INSPIRE OTHERS TO FIND THEIRS”

Stephen Covey – “The 8th Habit”


My Paradigm Shift ~2005• Recognition – accumulation of personal CO2 emissions• Birth of first grandson• Rediscovery of Passive House Institute• Concept of Factor-10 reduction • Fundamental disconnect – inadequacy of my

personal/professional efforts


New Paradigm – New Thinking

• We see only what we perceive as possible • We often see what we expect to see• Our assumptions limit our vision (blinders or filters)• Need a new mental map


What Motivates & Supports Behavior Change & Action?

Dollars & Savings? Or Value & Meaning?


For Action to Occur

• Recognize the need or opportunity • Recognize that my actions can make an impact• Have access to accurate, consistent information • Have access to resources (financial, technical expertise, time)

• Receive feedback or incentives• Have a way to measure progress against a goal


PURPOSE:

To lay the foundation for transforming

North American homes by demonstrating

the potential for greater than 70% energy

reductions in 1,000 existing homes.

Thousand Home Challenge (THC)


What is the Value?• Demonstrate & Redefine What is Possible

• Through case studies and webinars of deep energy reduction projects

• Examples of performance-based design, deployment, verification• Educate & Inspire

• Provide resources for educating homeowners, contractors, designers, etc.

• Establish aggressive targets for residential energy performance• Encourage getting on the path to deep energy reductions

• Build Capacity & Champions• Highlight local, regional, & national expertise• Stimulate collaboration & innovation


Older homes from New England to California


Newer homes from Pennsylvania to California


Deep Energy Reductions

Integrate energy efficiency with on-site renewables, behavioral & lifestyle choices, & community-based solutions

BehavioralChoicesEfficiency

Renewables

CommunitySolutions


THC Threshold Vs. Actual (kWh) Annual Net Household Site Energy Use of THC

Participants

Includes PV production; US single family average energy consumption 31,400 kWh (2001 RECS)


1st Principle

Go beyond energy reductions to make a value proposition

Integrated solutions needed!• Increased resilience, adaptability• Decreased peak, water use• Improved house durability & viability• Improved comfort & IAQ


HANDOUT

Home Owner Priorities •Clarifying the Value Proposition•Ranking Priorities •Team Communication


2nd Principle

A performance target can be a powerful & useful determinant of energy use if it is:

• Transparent - logical - fair• Easily tracked & verified• Meaningful to the participants• Within participants’ field of influence


THC Option B Allowance (kWh/yr) by Ft2 & Occupants (1 or 3) (rounded)

INPUTS: detached, fossil or wood heat, finished floor area (FFA), not conditioned floor area (CFA)

NOTE: 7,500 kWh= 25 MMBtu

NOTE: 7,500 kWh = 25 MMBtu, or ~250 therms of natural gas


3rd Principle

Rapid feedback is critical

• Anticipate• Set targets• Zoom in as needed• Compare against targets• Track• Adjust


Thousand Home Challenge Case Studies

For Complete Case Studies…

www.ThousandHomeChallenge.org

Check back frequently – website is being updated


Thousand Home ChallengeInsights from Early Returns

1) Maintain & continue efforts to go deeper

2) Broad sustainability goals

3) High commitment to learn & share

4) Some technologies (e.g. ductless heat pumps) enhance impact of lifestyle choices

5) Huge variety of costs & strategies


ACI 13 Conference May 2, 2013 23

Added DHP Jan 2011; also took steps to reduce electric baseload

How Can Your Initiative Create Champions…

& Support Behavior Change?


How Does Your Program View Occupants?

• From Liability to Resource? • From Transaction to Key Account?• From Client to Partner?• From Curmudgeon to Champion?

Additional opportunities: Case studies, testimonials, recognition, engage as volunteers or hire.


Which is the Missing Link?For Action to Occur

• Recognize the need or opportunity • Recognize that my actions can make an impact• Have access to accurate, consistent information • Have access to resources (financial, technical expertise, time)

• Receive feedback or incentives• Have a way to measure progress against a goal


Resources

Garrison Institute: Climate Mind & Behavior Program

https://www.garrisoninstitute.org/2013-09-16-15-39-23/cmb-video-presentations/cmb-video-2013

Three Annual Symposiums (Garrison, NY) – by invitation only•Climate, Mind & Behavior Symposium•Climate, Cities & Behavior•Climate, Buildings & Behavior


Resources

The 2013 Behavior, Energy and Climate Change Conference (BECC) http://beccconference.org/

•November 18 - 20, 2013Sacramento, CA

•A conference focused on understanding the behavior and decision-making of individuals and organizations and on using that knowledge to accelerate our transition to an energy-efficient and low-carbon future.


• Precourt Energy Efficiency Center – Stanford University

• http://peec.stanford.edu/behavior/

• This interdisciplinary, solutions-oriented website centralizes key behavioral science resources relevant to accelerating the adoption and sustained use of energy-efficient technologies and climate-positive actions by individuals, groups, and organizations

Resources


Occupants Matter!

Nearly identical homes re construction and renewables


FIND YOUR VOICE, AND INSPIRE OTHERS TO FIND THEIRS

Stephen Covey – “The 8th Habit”


Feedback, Case Studies, & Projects Welcome!

Linda [email protected]

www.1000HomeChallenge.org


Additional Information on the 1000 Home Challenge


Key Metric Transparent & Direct Include Occupants

Net Annual Household Site EnergyCredits/offsets: Solar & on-site renewables

Wood counts (not excluded from energy use)!

Each household has a customized energy allowance to meet or exceed.


Two Options for QualifyingMeet or Exceed a Customized

Household Energy (Site) Allowance

OPTION A

Relative, 75% reduction

From recent, measured, verifiable baseline

OPTION B

Absolute, not relative

Reflects weather, house size, # of occupants, heating source, attached vs. detached

GOAL: Fair & challenging to all!


THC Allowance Calculator Spreadsheet

•www.1000HomeChallenge.org• http://thousandhomechallenge.com/sites/thousandhomechallenge.com/files/user-files/

thc_threshold_calculator_v_1_3_mod3.xls


Energy Conversions (site energy)

• ~30 kWh = 1 therm natural gas• ~40 kWh = 1 gallon of #2 oil• 7,500 kWh = 25 MMBtu• 7,500 kWh = 250 therms• 7,500 kWh = 180 gallons/#2 oil


Energy Use Terms

• kWh/yr. does not refer only to electrical energy use

• In the Thousand Home Challenge & case studies, household energy use is converted to kWh site energy


THC REDUCTION MATRIX ANNUAL HOUSEHOLD kWh

(Pre, Post, & Allowance)

Loads Pre-use Proposed Usage Reductions - kWh/yrTarget-

useTHC Allowance

(breakout

may be estimated)

EfficiencyBehavior Renewables Community

(kWh/yr) Building EquipmentChoice

ReductionsOn-site

Generation

Solutions (kWh/yr) (kWh/yr)

Heating

Cooling

Hot Water

All Else

Total 66,64266,642 Starting Place – Your annual energy use


THC REDUCTION MATRIXANNUAL HOUSEHOLD kWh



useTHC Allowance

(breakout

may be estimated)



ReductionsOn-site

Generation


Heating 48,781

Cooling

Hot Water 6,000

All Else 6,000

Total 66,64266,642

1,200 gallons of oil = 48,781 kWh

Break out by use or fuel





useTHC Allowance

(breakout

may be estimated)



ReductionsOn-site

Generation


Heating 48,781 3,3753,375

Cooling

Hot Water 6,000 2,2292,229

All Else 6,000 2,1602,160

Total 66,64266,642 7,7647,764

OPTION B THC Threshold Assuming Electric Heat,

Enter THC Threshold





useTHC Allowance

(breakout

may be estimated)



ReductionsOn-site

Generation


Heating 48,781 3,3753,375

Cooling

Hot Water 6,000 2,2292,229

All Else 6,000 2,1602,160

Total 66,64266,642 7,1707,170

.

Many ways to get from here to there!


Behavioral ChoicesExploration, Not Simplification

• Process focused; household level • Examine assumptions & boundaries• Explore new paths to meeting needs• Social networks, goal setting, information, feedback,

aggregation, benchmarking


Thousand Home ChallengeCRITERIA•Defines deep reductions •Accelerate innovation•Information exchange – lessons learned•Support climate champions •Focus – complementary, not competition•Potential catalyst - projects, partners, & programs


Essential Principles

1) Go for the 2-fers and 3-fers 2) Get the Signals Straight

3) What is On the Path?

4) It Is Not Just About Energy - Collaborate


Thousand Home Challenge Pilot Project Summary (4-29-2013)


Thousand Home ChallengeCRITERIA•Defines deep reductions •Accelerate innovation•Information exchange – lessons learned•Support climate champions •Focus – complementary, not competition•Potential catalyst - projects, partners, & programs


THC Option B Allowance (kWh/yr) by Household Size

OPTION B INPUTS: Detached, fossil or wood heat, 1,200 ft2 finished floor area (FFA), not conditioned floor area (CFA)US single family average energy consumption 31,400 kWh (201 RECS)

NOTE: 7,500 kWh = 25 MMBtu, or ~250 therms of natural gas


OPTION B THRESHOLD ALLOWANCEkWh/Ft2 (net site energy)

Assumptions: fossil/wood heat; single-family detachedEUI (KBtu/Ft2 = kWh/Ft2 * 3.412); US res. avg. EUI is 44.8 KBtu/Ft2 KEEA/PBI October 1, 2013 49

OPTION B THRESHOLD ALLOWANCEkWh/Ft2 (net site energy)

So, What??

THC threshold has profound implications as a customized, meaningful deep reduction target that is not biased by house size!!


Asset Rating

• Represents the energy efficiency of the building (the asset) under standardized conditions of weather and internal environment. The rating takes into consideration construction, U values of the windows, doors, floors, ventilation levels, lighting systems, etc.


Operational Rating

. . . is based on actual energy use. It is a measure of the energy performance of the ‘‘asset’’ when a particular occupant uses it. The rating would usually be based on the energy bills for the building rather than on a survey or plans.


What Can Go Wrong?Technical?

Behavioral?

When Operational Performance ≠

Asset Performance


Behavioral ChoicesExploration, Not Simplification

• Process focused; household level • Examine assumptions & boundaries• Explore new paths to meeting needs• Social networks, goal setting, information,

feedback, aggregation, benchmarking


The Lutz Passive House Inspired Retrofit (Urbana, OH)

Total Household Energy Use/Day (kWh)

Comparing 2008-09 & 2009-10

NOTE: 2008 winter interior: ~63° F2009 winter interior: ~50°-55° F

Insulated six sides, new door & windows, added mechanical ventilation

Case Study - www.ThousandHomeChallenge.org

Goal: 90% reduction in heating energy


Project HighlightsInsulate all six sides of a small home to achieve higher performance than most believe is possible

R-25 added to floor

R-40 added to wallsFinal: 200 CFM50

Isolated crawl space


2008 winter interior temperature ~ 63° F 2009 winter interior temperature ~ 50°–55° F

Total Household Monthly Energy Use

(Comparing kWh/Month)


Winter (Creative) Comfort

• Creative Comfort – Psychological – the satisfaction of reducing fossil fuel consumption, of

increasing awareness in my community - it is the right thing to do!– Physical – regard the reduced temperature not as a hardship, but

rather as an adaptation, such as wearing extra clothes – In my view [Ward Lutz], psychological comfort trumps physical

adaptation • Temperature Settings

– Pre-retrofit 63˚ F (thermostat)– Post-retrofit 50˚-55˚ F (turn on electric space heater when needed)

• NOTE: Ductless heat pump installed 2/2011


NOTE: Pre to Post Heating Use – 89% Reduction (Technical & Behavioral)THC Threshold (OPTION B) Inputs : 5,880 Degree Days; 576 Ft 2 FFA, Single Family Detached; 1 Occupant; Electric Heat

Pre Period: 9/15/08-9/14/09Post Period: 9/15/09-9/14/10


Possible Tools/Processes for Energy Initiatives

• Identify occupants’ needs & concerns• Apply segmentation to customize service & offerings• Apply commitment process• Interpret utility bills/benchmark• Offer feedback devices• Use low energy homes or high savers as mentors• Ongoing communication (virtual community & social

marketing)


Tuesday, Oct. 1, 2013 10:45-11:45 Linda Wigington Linda M. Wigington Associates

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