Scholastic BookFilesA READING GUIDE TO

TuckEverlastingby Natalie Babbitt

™

Hannah Mitchell

Copyright © 2004 by Scholastic Inc.Interview © 2004 by Natalie Babbitt

Flapjack recipe © 2004 by Kristin James

All rights reserved. Published by Scholastic Inc.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Scholastic BookFiles: A reading guide to Tuck Everlasting by Natalie Babbitt/Hannah Mitchell. p. cm.

Summary: Discusses the writing, characters, plot, and themes of this 1975 novel. Includes discussion questions and

activities. Includes bibliographical references (p. ).

1. Babbitt, Natalie. Tuck Everlasting—Juvenile literature.2. Immortalism in literature—Juvenile literature.

[1. Babbitt, Natalie. Tuck Everlasting. 2. American literature—History and criticism.] I. Title. II. Series.

PS3552.A1735T85 2004

813′.54—dc21 2003050391

0-439-53821-1

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 04 05 06 07 08

Composition by Brad Walrod/High Text Graphics, Inc.Cover and interior design by Red Herring Design

Printed in the U.S.A. 23First printing, March 2004

About Natalie Babbitt 5

How Tuck Everlasting Came About 8

An Interview with Natalie Babbitt 10

Chapter Charter: Questions to Guide Your Reading 17

Plot: What’s Happening? 23

Setting/Place and Time: Where in the World Are We? 28

Themes/Layers of Meaning: Is That What It

Really Means? 32

Characters: Who Are These People, Anyway? 39

Opinion: What Have Other People Thought About

Tuck Everlasting? 46

Glossary 48

Natalie Babbitt on Writing 50

You Be the Author! 52

Activities 54

Related Reading 57

Bibliography 59

Contents

About Natalie Babbitt

“There’s always one best word, if youlisten for it.”

—Natalie Babbitt

Natalie Babbitt is an artist in more ways than one. Known

by many people for her descriptive, metaphorical writing,

she is less well known for her beautiful illustrations. However,

it was this passion that involved her in children’s books in the

first place.

Born in Dayton, Ohio, on July 28, 1932, Natalie Zane Moore

[Babbitt] came into the world at the height of the Great

Depression. Thanks to her parents, though, she and her sister

enjoyed a life filled with good times, books, and loads of loving

encouragement. Natalie loved drawing from an early age. Though

she read books constantly, she had very little interest in writing

them. She wanted only to illustrate, to bring words to life. She

dreamed of capturing imaginations the very same way her

imagination had been taken captive by the illustrations in Alice’s

Adventures in Wonderland, one of her favorite books. With her

mother’s support, Natalie was able to develop her passion and

her talent. She also had a great deal of support from her teachers

5

at Laurel School in Cleveland. After high school, she went on to

study art at Smith College in Northampton, Massachusetts.

Love interrupted her art career and Natalie married Samuel

Fisher Babbitt, an academic administrator, right after her college

graduation. They spent the next ten years in Connecticut,

Tennessee, and Washington, D.C., where Babbitt raised their

children, Christopher, Tom, and Lucy.

Eventually, Babbitt got back to drawing when she illustrated a

book written by her husband, called The Forty-Ninth Magician.

They thought it was the beginning of an ideal collaboration.

However, after moving to Clinton, New York, her husband’s

career responsibilities left him with little time to dedicate to his

writing. So Natalie Babbitt decided that if she wanted to create

books for children, she would simply have to write and illustrate

them herself. Her first two picture books, Dick Foote and the

Shark and Phoebe’s Revolt, were written in easy rhyme, a style

Natalie thought suited her better than prose.

Babbitt’s faith in herself as an artist and a writer turned out to

be momentous for her and for readers everywhere. Though she

started by writing and illustrating picture books for younger

children, soon one of her ideas developed into the novel that

would eventually make her one of the preeminent children’s

novelists of our time. In that novel, The Search for Delicious,

Babbitt incorporated her love of fairy tales. The book was

greeted by children’s book reviewers as the first major work

of an exciting new talent.

6

Natalie Babbitt’s subsequent books have consistently achieved a

place on the major lists of outstanding children’s literature in the

years of their publication. The Devil’s Storybook was nominated

for a National Book Award in 1975, named an American Library

Association (ALA) Notable Book, and received the Christopher

and Lewis Carroll Shelf awards. Kneeknock Rise was a Newbery

Honor Book in 1971; Goody Hall was chosen as an Honor Book

in the 1971 Book World Children’s Spring Book Festival; and two

of Babbitt’s books have been selected for inclusion in the

Children’s Book Council’s Children’s Book Showcase: Goody Hall

in 1972 and More Small Poems, illustrated by Babbitt and written

by poet Valerie Worth, in 1977. In 1981, Babbitt was the U.S.

nominee for the Hans Christian Andersen Medal, an award

presented by the International Board on Books for Young People

in recognition of someone “whose complete works have made a

lasting contribution to children’s literature.” (This award is “the

highest international recognition given to an author and an

illustrator of children’s books.”) All of these books, including The

Eyes of the Amaryllis, were also ALA Notable Children’s Books.

Natalie Babbitt is perhaps best known for her magical book, Tuck

Everlasting. Babbitt has brought books to life for children just as

she had always hoped she would. She has created worlds that

mesh fantasy and reality. She allows readers to go to places that

might not be real exactly, but are certainly true to life.

7

How Tuck Everlasting Came About

“Winnie blinked, and all at once hermind was drowned with understandingof what he was saying. For she—yes,even she—would go out of the worldwilly-nilly someday. Just go out, like theflame of a candle, and no useprotesting. It was a certainty.”

—Tuck Everlasting

There comes a moment in all young people’s lives when they

realize that they are not going to live forever. Whether the

thought is prompted by the death of a beloved pet or of a relative

or friend, the realization changes the person. This is why Natalie

Babbitt felt compelled to write about death—or in this case, life

without death and its implications.

Babbitt says, “I think it’s something that everyone thinks of from

the time when they realize they can’t [live forever]. Even before

you’re six because you have a pet or a grandmother [whom

you’ve lost] and you begin to wonder about it. So I thought it

would be interesting to write a book about real people, ordinary

people—not like the people in fairy tales who are always living

8

happily ever after. But, what would [living forever] really be like

in the real world.”

In Tuck Everlasting, Babbitt created Winnie, a character who

feels that her life is meaningless and boring. The prospect

of living forever is exciting to her. In the course of the novel,

as she gets to know the Tucks, Winnie listens to different

opinions about eternal life: Jesse is hopeful, Miles is realistic,

Mae is determined, and Angus is depressed. Winnie comes

to understand that eternal life might be a curse and not a

blessing.

This novel is Babbitt’s way of introducing the life cycle and

explaining the beauty of living in the moment. Babbitt seems

to say that life is short and your time on earth ought to be

meaningful in some way.

Babbitt says, “[Tuck Everlasting] presents dilemmas, and I think

that’s what life does! I dealt with a lot of dilemmas before I even

started school. I think a lot of adults would like to think that

things are simple for kids, but that’s not so. . . . I think the book

doesn’t present any lessons about what’s right and what’s wrong,

but it does point out how difficult these decisions are.”

9

An Interview with Natalie Babbitt

About Tuck Everlasting

You have said that you are always surprised when people find

this story unusual. You think eternal life is quite an ordinary

dilemma to think about. Why then do you think the issue is so

compelling to both children and adults?

It’s very interesting when I go to schools and talk to students.

They are so direct and they usually say, well yes it would be neat

[to live forever] but I wouldn’t want to do that because x, y, and z.

All the same reasons I would give. And once in a while I get a

child who is very upset by the ending and we talk about that, too.

There is no right or wrong way to look at it. I tell them that at

different times in your life you feel differently about it.

You have noted that some readers have not been satisfied with the

ending. Why do you think some readers aren’t satisfied with

Winnie’s choice?

It is mainly girls who feel that way. They have been quite

charmed by Jesse and they think she should marry him. I always

have a good laugh about that because he is charming but I think

he’d make a terrible husband!

10

But most of them do change their minds about it later on. In fact,

a young girl wrote to tell me that she was so very disappointed

with the ending and I wrote back to her to say that that was

okay—there is no right or wrong way to feel. Seven years later,

the same girl wrote to me and said that she had changed her

mind, and that she realized the book had ended the way it was

supposed to. I always tell kids about that because that’s

beautiful.

You have said that Tuck Everlasting doesn’t exactly teach a

lesson; rather, that it presents dilemmas. Does that mean that you

think there is no right or wrong answer to the biggest dilemma of

the book? Doesn’t Tuck Everlasting disapprove of someone

choosing eternal life over natural death?

Winnie does what I would have done. There are plenty of people

who wouldn’t have done it, though. Particularly if there was

someone to share eternity with. I think it would be very boring,

and even with the right person I think it would be lonely. The fact

that we don’t have a lot of time puts a lot of delicious pressure on

us to do things. But there’s no law that says that’s the way you

have to feel about it.

The book has an anyplace, anytime feel to it. Do you think the

setting is important to the story?

Although I am from Ohio, Tuck Everlasting is based mainly on

upstate New York. I can remember learning that there was a

forest that went on through about five different states. I always

11

thought that was pretty interesting and that’s what Winnie’s

grandmother says. So I had that in mind, also. But Tuck’s house

and pond are based on a real place that we owned years ago. It

doesn’t really matter, though. The book could be set anywhere

that isn’t desert or mountain. The wood is the important part.

Some people have said that you essentially “turn religion on its

head” in this novel. Did religion come into play for you? Are you

surprised that some people read it that way?

I thought [that interpretation] was extremely interesting because

I had never thought about that. Formal religion has always been

a difficulty for me in terms of figuring it out. I like things to be

spelled out. I read a lot of Greek and Roman myths as a child—

that was my favorite kind of reading in addition to fairy tales—

and I always felt that the logic in those stories was much more

obvious than the logic in the Bible because you didn’t have to be

perfect. I had a lot of trouble with that as a child. I couldn’t be

perfect. So, I don’t know how much of a role that played in the

book. But it might well be in there. I don’t object to that.

Tuck Everlasting is a different type of fantasy than [the type] kids

these days are accustomed to. In fact, it is the simple fact that

living forever is an option that places this book in the fantasy

genre.

Does the imagery you use in your writing come from being an

artist? For example, in Tuck Everlasting you describe August as

12

having “blank white dawns and glaring noons, and sunsets

smeared with too much color.”

I guess there is a picturesque quality that comes into play and

that probably does come from the same place. My mother was a

painter and she trained my sister and me to look at things early

on. It probably comes from that, too. I am a relatively passive

person, so I love to look at things. That part is fun.

You have said that you use metaphors and similes because they

help readers understand things that they otherwise might not. But

what about personification? It seems to come into play a lot in this

book. For example, grass is “forlorn,” the house is “proud of itself,”

and the cows are “wise.” Where does that come from for you?

We were a word-loving family. It probably comes from my father

more than anywhere else. He did very funny things with language

in that way.

About being a writer

Will you describe your writing process?

I have to get everything all figured out in my head before I start.

How [the story] will begin and end, who the characters are, what

their names are, where it will happen—all the details of that

kind. I write straight through then, although it takes me quite a

long time because I rewrite as I go along. There aren’t any rules

about how to do it.

13

You have been criticized for being too descriptive. How do you feel

about that?

Well, perhaps some of the books are wordier than they need to

be. That’s hard for some people.

Do you write every day?

No. I used to. Although, I never was a fast writer. It takes me a

year to write a novel and that’s not counting the time it takes me

to plan it out.

What happens when you get blocked?

I’ve never been in much of a hurry. The writer’s block comes for

me when I can’t work out a plot. The rest of it, the writing, I

really enjoy and I find that relatively easy. We all use words all

the time, so it’s a universal thing for us. But I get hung up on

plots—plotting is hard for me.

What are you working on now?

I’ve got about two more ideas and that will be it.

How did you become a writer?

I originally wanted to be an illustrator, so my husband wrote the

first book. But he didn’t want to do that anymore because he was

14

busy. He is more of a people person and he just couldn’t be alone

as much as you have to. No one ever said to me in a writing class

that being alone is a part of it [being a writer], but it certainly is.

You have to like to be by yourself.

So, I figured I could write books in verse because I had always

written a lot of verse—not poetry but verse [verse is a form of

writing in which words are arranged in a rhythmic pattern but is

less structured than traditional poetry]. So, the first two books I

did were in verse. I had a lot of fun with those but then my editor

said that I would have a lot more freedom if I were writing in

prose, so I sat down to write a little picture-book story and it just

kept getting bigger and bigger and bigger and became The Search

for Delicious.

It might sound silly but I [wrote a novel] before I knew how hard

it was to do. After that, it became more difficult and it continues

to become more difficult because you’re more conscious of what

you’re doing and that makes it hard. Writing is extremely hard

work.

Does the acclaim that you’ve received put pressure on you when

you sit down to write a new book?

Ambition is a strange thing. I never had very much. I just wanted

to do one book. But there are a lot of things I like to do. I like to

make things, knit, and play the piano. So, I wasn’t particularly

single-minded about it.

15

What happened to the idea of being an artist?

I wanted to be an artist, but it seemed clear to me early on that I

was adequate, but that was all I was ever going to be. We have a

lot of marvelous illustrators, [Maurice] Sendak being my favorite.

I actually think we have more fine illustrators than we have fine

writers.

Did you always know that you wanted to do books for children?

Oh yes, and that’s because of Alice in Wonderland. John Tenniel’s

illustrations in the original Alice in Wonderland just knocked my

socks off! Those pictures are very beautiful and very funny and

that’s such a wonderful combination. You see that a lot now, but

when I was a child, they were either cartoons or incredible

paintings.

When did you start to think about what you would be when you

grew up?

I wanted to be a librarian when I was in second grade, and then

in fourth grade I decided I wanted to be an illustrator. I have a

huge respect for librarians and teachers. It is some of the most

important work anybody can do. My daughter is a teacher for

second grade and she published three novels for teenagers—she’s

a great writer. I don’t think I could have [taught] because I don’t

think I’m a “people” kind of person. I prefer to work alone. But

thank God there are people who prefer to do that kind of work.

We owe them so much.

16

Chapter Charter: Questions to Guide Your Reading

The following questions will help you think about the

important parts of each chapter.

Prologue

• How does the author describe the setting in this section?

• Why do you think she chooses to be so mysterious in the

prologue?

Chapter 1

• How does the author’s use of language help you to understand

the setting?

• Why aren’t the Fosters curious about the wood? If you were

Winnie, do you think you might have wanted to explore the

wood? Why or why not?

Chapter 2

• Why does Angus Tuck consider his dream about heaven a

“good dream”?

• Why do you think Mae Tuck doesn’t care about her appearance

anymore?

Chapter 3

• What do you think Winnie’s life is like? How does it compare to

your life?

17

• Why does Winnie throw stones at the toad? What emotion do

you think she is feeling?

• Why does Winnie tell the toad she wants to run away?

Chapter 4

• What is your first impression of the man in the yellow suit?

Does the author give you any clues about his character?

• Where do you think the music that Winnie’s grandmother

hears comes from?

Chapter 5

• What do you think Jesse is thinking when he tries to prevent

Winnie from drinking the spring water?

• What does Mae mean when she says, “The worst is happening

at last”?

Chapter 6

• Why do the Tucks kidnap Winnie? What do you think you

would have done in Winnie’s place?

• Why does Winnie feel reassured when she hears the music

box?

Chapter 7

• How had the Tucks figured out they were going to live forever?

• Why do you think the man in the yellow suit is following

Winnie and the Tucks?

Chapter 8

• Why does Winnie begin to feel happy about being with the

Tucks?

18

• The man in the yellow suit overhears the Tucks’ story. What do

you think he might be planning?

Chapter 9

• It takes many hours for Winnie, Mae, Jesse, and Miles to reach

the Tucks’ home. Why do you think they live in such a hard-to-

reach place?

• Why do you think Angus Tuck is so happy to meet Winnie?

Chapter 10

• Do you think Mae thinks of her life as blessed or cursed? Why?

• Why is Winnie so amazed at the inside of the Tucks’ home?

Chapter 11

• Why does Winnie suddenly want to go home?

Chapter 12

• Why does Angus Tuck take Winnie to the pond to talk to her?

• How is the movement of the pond water meaningful to their

conversation about the life cycle?

Chapter 13

• Why do you think the man in the yellow suit goes to the

Fosters instead of to the police?

Chapter 14

• Why does Winnie go back and forth, first liking the disorder of

the Tucks’ lifestyle, then longing for her regular bedtime

routine?

• How do the Tucks make Winnie feel better?

19

• As Winnie tries to fall asleep, she can’t decide whether or not to

believe the Tucks’ story. Would you have believed it? Why or

why not?

Chapter 15

• Why do you think the man in the yellow suit wants to trade his

knowledge of Winnie’s whereabouts for the Fosters’ wood?

• What do the man in the yellow suit’s actions tell you about his

character?

Chapter 16

• Why is the constable surprised that the Fosters agree to sell

the wood?

• Is the constable suspicious of the man in the yellow suit’s

motives?

Chapter 17

• How does swatting a mosquito make Winnie realize that dying

is a natural part of the life cycle?

• Why does Winnie insist that Miles throw the fish back?

Chapter 18

• Why do you think Miles conceals the reason that he and

Winnie return without any fish?

• How have Winnie’s feelings for the Tucks changed? Do you

think she has stronger feelings for some of the Tucks than

others?

20

Chapter 19

• Why does the man in the yellow suit see the Tucks as selfish?

• Mae Tuck hits the man over the head with the gun. Do you

think she does the right thing? Does she have another option?

Chapter 20

• Why does Winnie lie to the constable?

• Angus Tuck stares at the man in the yellow suit after Mae hits

him. What do you think he is thinking about? Why does

Winnie seem horrified at Angus Tuck’s reaction?

Chapter 21

• Do you think the Fosters regret selling the wood?

• What makes Winnie’s family think she has changed?

Chapter 22

• Why does Winnie volunteer to help rescue Mae?

• Do you think Jesse should have given Winnie the spring water?

Why or why not?

Chapter 23

• Why does being disheveled make Winnie’s mother and

grandmother more interesting?

• Why does Winnie feel so good and right about what she is

about to do?

Chapter 24

• How do you think Winnie feels helping Mae escape?

• Do you think Winnie does the right thing in freeing Mae? Why?

21

Chapter 25

• How does Winnie’s reputation in the village change after she

helps Mae?

• Why do you think Winnie saves the toad from the dog?

• What important decision does Winnie make when she pours

the spring water on the toad?

Epilogue

• How does the author connect Winnie and the Tucks at the end

of the story?

• Why does Angus Tuck say, “Good girl,” when he sees Winnie’s

grave?

22

Plot: What’s Happening?

“Life’s got to be lived, no matter howlong or short. . . .”

—Mae Tuck, Tuck Everlasting

Tuck Everlasting is the story of a young girl named Winnie

whose life in the small town of Treegap turns magical when

she explores the wood in search of adventure and independence.

At the beginning of this novella, or short novel, Winnie Foster is

bored. She wants something interesting to happen to her. Winnie

looks to a toad in her front yard for advice. Should she run

away? She resolves to think it over and decide in the morning.

That same evening, a man in a yellow suit comes by and engages

Winnie in a conversation. He wants to know how long Winnie’s

family has lived in the area and if they know all their neighbors.

Winnie has a bad feeling about him, which we learn when the

narrator says that Winnie was “suddenly reminded of the stiff

black ribbons they had hung on the door of the cottage for her

grandfather’s funeral.” When she tells the man that her family

has lived there “forever,” he echoes the word forever. He tells

her that he is looking for someone, a family to be specific. At

that, Winnie’s grandmother comes out and makes it clear that

neither she nor her granddaughter talks with strangers. She is

23

interrupted, though, by the faint sound of music, which she first

heard many years ago and which she describes as “elf music.”

The next morning, Winnie is still unwilling to make a final

decision about running away. She decides to go for a short walk

into the wood that her family owns but that she has never before

bothered to explore. She will decide once she gets there if she’s

ever coming back. Soon, she comes upon Jesse Tuck taking a

drink of water from a natural spring. He notices her and calls her

out of her hiding place. When Winnie tries to drink from the

same spring, he tries to stop her. To Jesse’s relief, Mae and Miles

Tuck arrive on horseback. Thinking quickly, the family kidnaps

Winnie to prevent her from drinking the water from the spring.

Winnie is scared and confused. Why is this nice family taking her

away? Why wouldn’t they let her drink from the spring? As

Winnie is taken away by the Tucks, she sees the man in the

yellow suit.

When they stop by a stream for a break, Winnie begins to cry.

Mae Tuck reaches into her pocket for her music box, and when it

starts to play, it calms Winnie. She decides that “no one who

owned a thing like this could be too disagreeable.” It is then that

the Tucks tell her their story. Eighty-seven years before, the Tuck

family had become immortal by drinking water from the magical

spring. They didn’t know it immediately, but they found out that

the water would keep them alive—at the age they were the day

they drank it—forever. They will stop at nothing to prevent others

from enduring the same fate.

24

Even though she is not sure whether or not to believe them,

Winnie agrees to go home with them until they figure out what to

do. Unbeknownst to the whole group, the man in the yellow suit

has heard the whole story. When they arrive at the Tucks’ house,

Winnie meets Mae’s husband, Angus Tuck.

Winnie becomes fond of the Tucks as they set out to teach her

why it is so important that no one find out about the spring.

Each one tries to show her that eternal life is a terrible burden.

In the meantime, the man in the yellow suit shows up at the

Fosters’ door with a deal in mind. He will get Winnie back in

exchange for ownership of their wood. Desperate to get Winnie

back, her parents agree.

When the man in the yellow suit tells the constable about the

deal he’s struck with the Fosters, the constable is a little

suspicious, but he follows the man to the Tucks, anyway. The

man in the yellow suit arrives before the constable, however, and

confronts the Tucks with his knowledge. He tells them that his

plan is to let the whole world know of this fountain of youth, but

that he will only sell the water to people “worthy” of it. He even

suggests using the Tucks as examples of the water’s effects. The

Tucks are outraged at the prospect of being treated like “freaks.”

The man in the yellow suit takes hold of Winnie and threatens

to make her drink the spring water if they refuse to cooperate

with him. Mae Tuck grabs Angus’s gun and hits the man in the

yellow suit over the head with it. The man falls to the ground

unconscious.

25

The constable arrives just in time to see what Mae has done. The

Tucks and Winnie try to explain that Mae struck him because he

had threatened to take Winnie from them. The constable takes

Mae into custody and explains that if the man dies, she will go to

the gallows (a structure from which criminals are executed by

hanging). At that moment, they realize what will happen if Mae is

sent to the gallows. When she doesn’t die, the whole world will

understand that she can’t die and the secret will be out.

The constable returns Winnie to her family. Later she learns that

the man in the yellow suit has died. Winnie decides that she

must help; she cannot let Mae go to the gallows. The next day

Jesse tells her about their plan to help Mae escape at midnight.

Jesse also gives Winnie a little bottle of the spring water. He tells

her to think about drinking it when she turns seventeen so that

they can get married and be together forever.

Before Jesse leaves, Winnie volunteers to help with Mae’s escape

from jail. At midnight, Winnie sneaks out of her house and meets

the Tucks at the prison. Together, they pry off the window frame

of the cell so that Mae can get out and Winnie can crawl inside.

Winnie then takes Mae’s place.

Winnie waits through the night in the cell, hiding under the

cot blanket until the constable discovers her in the morning.

Although everyone is upset with her, she feels proud of what she

has done. She has rescued the Tucks and helped save the world

from the dangers and disappointments of eternal life.

26

In the final chapter, Winnie finds that some people look at her

differently now. Because she got into trouble, people are more

interested in her.

The book ends with an epilogue in which the Tucks pull into

Treegap many years in the future. They learn that the wood has

long since been bulldozed and that Winifred Foster has died two

years before. They feel sad for Jesse, but they are satisfied that

Winnie had decided to live her life as it should be lived, with an

end in sight.

Thinking about the plot

• Why is it important for Winnie to understand why she must

keep the Tucks’ secret?

• How does Winnie’s life change through her experiences?

• How do Winnie’s decisions affect the outcome of the book?

27

Setting/Place and Time: Where in the World Are We?

“The house was so proud of itself thatyou wanted to make a lot of noise asyou passed, and maybe even throw arock or two. But the wood had asleeping otherworld appearance thatmade you want to speak in whispers.”

—Tuck Everlasting

Tuck Everlasting takes place in and around a small town

named Treegap. Natalie Babbitt does not give us much

information about exactly where in the world this town is located.

By leaving out specific details about the region, country, or even

continent where this story takes place, the author lets the reader

know that the location is not the most important part of the

book. The events that occur in Tuck Everlasting could occur in

any ordinary town.

Place

In Tuck Everlasting, the description of the surroundings—the

town of Treegap, the Fosters’ house, the wood, and the Tucks’

house—draws the reader into this very special place. In the first

28

chapter the author starts to establish the setting by describing

the road that leads to Treegap: “But on reaching the shadows

of the first trees, it veered sharply, swung out in a wide arc as

if, for the first time, it had reason to think where it was going,

and passed around [the wood].” Babbitt traces the road as it

wanders along curves, comes to a small hill, and ambles down

to a meadow, coming at last to a wood. She wants her reader to

know from the start that the town, the wood, and the road are

all mentioned on purpose. She wants the reader to sense that

somehow the road knew to veer sharply away from the wood

and lead elsewhere instead.

On the other side of that wood, she continues, “the sense of

easiness dissolved,” in the small town on the edge of the wood.

“The road no longer belonged to the cows. It became, instead,

and rather abruptly, the property of people.” At the very edge of

Treegap the road goes by the Fosters’ cottage. Its “touch-me-not

appearance” suggests that its owners do not welcome visitors.

The description of the Fosters’ house, which is kept in tip-top

shape and is run with a great deal of care and attention, gives

the reader information about the people who live there.

The Fosters are protective of their property, which Babbitt

describes as “surrounded by grass cut painfully to the quick and

enclosed by a capable iron fence some four feet high which

clearly said, ‘Move on—we don’t want you here.’” In the same

chapter, we learn that the Fosters, who own and inhabit that

first, proud house, also own the wood. Because it is the property

of the Fosters, other people generally leave the wood alone.

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In stark contrast to the Fosters’ house, the Tucks’ house in the

wood is described as being in a state of disarray. Babbitt uses

their house to represent disorder. Just as the Fosters’ house is

neat and uninviting, the Tucks’ house is terribly messy but warm

—just like its inhabitants. The Tucks’ house paints a picture of

who they are. Warm and welcoming, it is a house filled with the

clutter that has accumulated over too much time.

Babbitt makes it clear from the start that “the village itself

doesn’t matter, except for the jailhouse and the gallows.” She lets

the reader know that only that first house is important, “the first

house, the road, and the wood.”

Time

The author gives us some clues about the time period of this

novel. Through details like Winnie’s high-button shoes and the

fact that the characters ride on horseback and in wagons rather

than in cars, we know that the story probably takes place in the

1800s. At the very end, we learn the exact year the story takes

place when the Tucks come upon Winnie’s gravestone. It gives

the years of her birth and death: 1870–1948. From this we know

that the year she meets the Tucks is 1881 (because she is almost

eleven), and that it is 1950 when the Tucks return to Treegap.

The epilogue also reveals how the area has changed with the

passage of time. The Tucks are still traveling on horseback. When

they pull into Treegap, they are laughed at by a man at a gas

station. Babbitt introduces a gas station and a man in “greasy

coveralls” to show how things have changed even though the

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Tucks have remained exactly the same. The introduction of this

new time period reminds us that though the rest of the world,

even Treegap, has evolved, the Tucks have not. They cannot.

The setting of this story is simple—simple people living in an

old-fashioned place and time. Babbitt creates an uncomplicated

place for a complicated issue. Perhaps she chose it for that very

reason, so that it would be easy to get to the heart of Winnie’s

dilemma without modern or urban obstacles. If there were

computers and airplanes, televisions and shopping malls, it

might have been difficult to focus on the essential problems of

eternal life. Instead, the setting is uncomplicated—some houses,

a dirt road, a jail with gallows, and a wood. The simple setting

allows Winnie to talk with a toad, wander off alone into the wood,

sit in a rowboat on a pond, and observe the cycle of life up close.

Babbitt uses all of this to keep the reader focused on the story

line and the dilemma of eternal life.

Thinking about the setting

• Why is the fact that no road goes directly through the wood

important?

• What do you think the author means when she writes that the

road’s “sense of easiness dissolved” at the edge of the wood?

• What descriptive words does the author use to describe the two

different environments of the Fosters’ home and the Tucks’

home?

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Themes/Layers of Meaning: Is That What It Really Means?

“Everything’s a wheel, turning andturning, never stopping.”

—Angus Tuck, Tuck Everlasting

Tuck Everlasting has several themes, or layers of meaning.

(The theme of a literary work is its main idea and often is a

general statement or opinion about life.) Natalie Babbitt uses

metaphors and symbols to make the most important themes

clear to the reader. A metaphor is a way of describing one thing

by comparing it to something else.

Order versus disorder

Throughout the book there is a constant mention of the order of

things. This applies to the order of the Fosters’ world, particularly

their house. But it also applies to the order of life. All things are

born, live, and then die. The Tucks represent an interruption of

this order—an eternal interruption of that order to be exact.

Babbitt shows this disorder in a few ways. First, when Winnie

arrives at their house, she is shocked at the state of disarray it is

in: lots of dust and cobwebs, a mouse living in the table drawer,

half-completed quilts. The house is a stark contrast to the one

Winnie lives in. When she sees all of this, all she can think is:

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“Maybe it’s because they think they have forever to clean it up.”

The author uses the disorder to show that Winnie is being

exposed to a different way of living for the first time. She lets

Winnie follow her thought a little further when Winnie thinks to

herself, “Maybe they just don’t care!” In fact, later when there are

no napkins for her to use to wipe her hands properly, Winnie

realizes that in this house it is quite all right to lick the maple

syrup off your fingers. “Winnie was never allowed to do such a

thing at home, but she had always thought it would be the

easiest way. And suddenly the meal seemed luxurious.”

The author has accomplished two things. She has set up an

orderly world versus a disorderly one, while praising the virtues

and the shortcomings of both. In an orderly world, you have to

clean up after yourself and keep everything in neat stacks, but

the world goes on as it should—everyone living and dying and so

on and so on. In the disorderly world, you can lick maple syrup

off your hands and throw your clothes on the floor, but the

people are stuck forever in one place in their lives. In a way, the

disarray of the Tucks’ house represents the disarray the world

would be in if the secret spring were revealed to the public.

Ultimately, Winnie learns to incorporate some of the Tucks’ way

of living into her own life, taking certain lessons from her time

with them. She realizes that her mother and grandmother are

more interesting when they are disheveled from the heat, when

they are unable to control the way they are feeling. They are

simply hot and they have to let go, “their hair unsettled and their

knees loose. It was totally unlike them, this lapse from gentility,

and it made them much more interesting.” And later, Winnie, too,

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becomes more interesting. At the beginning, the children in her

town think of her merely as an extension of her tailored home. In

the end, some of the townspeople find her an intriguing hero. She

has come to life for them: “She was a figure of romance to them

now, where before she had been too neat, too prissy; almost,

somehow, too clean to be a real friend.”

Natural life cycle

Babbitt uses the image of a wheel in the prologue to point out

how the first week of August seems to just hang there, “like the

highest seat of a Ferris wheel when it pauses in its turning.”

The wheel becomes a symbol for life and is used again and again

throughout the story. When Winnie and Angus Tuck are in the

boat on the pond, he explains to Winnie that his family has fallen

off the wheel of life, and that they are in an unnatural state.

Angus says: “It’s a wheel, Winnie. Everything’s a wheel, turning

and turning, never stopping. The frogs is part of it, and the bugs,

and the fish, and the wood thrush, too. And people. But never

the same ones. Always coming in new, always growing and

changing, and always moving on. That’s the way it is.”

Winnie begins to comprehend this herself when she sees how the

water moves out of the pond and into the ocean. She realizes that

the pond water is like life and that while the water moves all

around them, she and Angus are stuck in the rowboat. Tuck

continues, “That’s what us Tucks are, Winnie. Stuck so’s we can’t

move on. We ain’t part of the wheel no more. Dropped off, Winnie.

Left behind. And everywhere around us, things is moving and

growing and changing.” And when Winnie, whose mind was

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suddenly “drowned with understanding of what he was saying,”

blurts out that she doesn’t want to die, Tuck reassures her. “Not

now. Your time’s not now. But dying’s part of the wheel, right

there next to being born.”

Tuck uses the image of the wheel to make Winnie understand the

importance of the cycle of life, just as Babbitt uses the imagery of

the wheel again and again to show the reader how the wheel

works, how it moves things along as they should be moved.

Independence

Winnie’s independence is another important theme in the book.

In fact, it is her search for independence that leads her to

the wood and ultimately to the Tucks. Then, because of her

experience with them and choices she makes, she carves out

some independence for herself.

At the start of the book Winnie is frustrated by her family

because they watch and care for her so diligently. She wishes she

had a sibling to take away some of the attention. She tells the

toad that she wants to do something on her own that “would

make some kind of difference.” She even thinks it would be nice

to have a new name.

When Winnie steps toward the wood, noting that she will make

a final decision about whether or not to run away permanently

once she gets there, she is actually taking her first steps toward

independence. She gets braver and more independent with each

step she takes. Although she has no choice in the matter when

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she is kidnapped by the Tucks, she goes with them somewhat

willingly, trusting her own instincts about their goodness.

There is a crucial moment, though, when it becomes apparent

to the readers that Winnie has done some real growing up.

When the constable charges the Tucks with kidnapping, Winnie

defends them. She tells the constable that she ran away and that

she has gone with them willingly. Although she knows this is a

lie, she has made an independent decision about who she will

defend.

Later, when Winnie decides to help Mae escape, this sense of

newfound independence sweeps over her as she sneaks out of

the house at night, defying all of the rules that have been set for

her. In fact, it is so easy that “she was struck by the realization

that, if she chose, she could slip out night after night without

their [her parents’] knowing.” Even as guilt comes over her, she

reminds herself that she has to help Mae and the whole Tuck

family.

Independence comes in the form of choices for Winnie. She

chooses to walk through the gate and venture into the wood. She

chooses to stay with the Tucks and get to know them. She

chooses to defend Mae and eventually to help free her. And in the

end, she chooses not to drink from the spring, but to live the way

life was meant to be lived, with death as part of the wheel.

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Greed

An important theme in this book is greed. In Tuck Everlasting,

the reader learns that the man in the yellow suit feels that money

is the most important thing in the world. The reader also meets

the Tuck family, who knows that there is one thing in the world

that is much more important than any amount of money:

protecting the secret of the magical spring.

The man in the yellow suit is very greedy. He will do anything,

including threatening to harm Winnie, to find the source of the

Tucks’ immortality. He tells the Tucks he will sell the enchanted

water “only to certain people, people who deserve it. And it will be

very, very expensive.” The man in the yellow suit is determined

to let the world know about the magical spring. He does not

care about the difficulties people would experience if they lived

forever. He only thinks about how much money he will make. In

the end, it is the man’s greed for wealth that leads to his death.

In contrast, Angus and Mae Tuck display a great deal of

selflessness. While the man in the yellow suit is selfish and

concerned only about increasing his wealth, the Tucks focus on

the larger picture: ensuring that no one else suffers the curse of

living forever. The Tucks give up a great deal in order to protect

their secret. For instance, they don’t form relationships with

other people so that no one will notice they do not get older. Mae

describes how their old friends reacted to the Tucks’ staying the

same age: “They come to pull back from us. There was talk of

witchcraft. Black Magic. Well, you can’t hardly blame them, but

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finally we had to leave the farm.” Even though it means living a

lonely, difficult life, the Tucks know that they must never reveal

their secret.

Thinking about the themes

• What do you think is the most important theme?

• How does the wheel metaphor help you understand the life

cycle?

• What is good and what is bad about the prospect of eternal

life?

• What is good about death? Does it make us see life differently?

• How long would you like to live?

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Characters: Who Are These People, Anyway?

“I cast my characters out of thepossibilities—the kinds of people whoare best going to be able to talk aboutmy idea. The Tuck family has fourmembers, and they were chosenspecifically to talk about differentpoints of view of living forever.”

—Natalie Babbitt

In some books, the characters’ names are simply names the

author likes for one reason or another, or names that are

appropriate for the setting and the time. Not so for Natalie

Babbitt’s characters. Babbitt said, “That’s one of the things I like

the best! In most of my books, the characters’ names have

secondary meanings that the reader doesn’t have to know. In

Tuck Everlasting, Winnie’s last name—Foster—means ‘forester.’

The name Tuck came from a thesaurus and an old dictionary. I

wanted a name that meant life and was only one syllable. When I

looked it up in my old dictionary, I found that tuck meant life.

The first names in that book were chosen to go with the times—

they’re old-fashioned. You don’t meet too many people with those

39

names very often anymore—although once I was approached by a

woman who told me her name was Winifred Foster!”

Here is a list of the characters in Tuck Everlasting, followed by a

brief description.

Winifred Foster a ten-year-old girl, called Winnie

Mae Tuck the mother of Jesse and Miles, wife of Angus

Angus Tuck the father of Jesse and Miles, Mae’s husband

Miles Tuck the older son of the Tucks

Jesse Tuck the younger son of the Tucks

The man in the a man who wants to own the magical spring

yellow suit

The constable the lawman who arrests Mae Tuck

The Fosters Winnie’s family, which includes her father,

mother, and grandmother

Winnie Foster: Winnie Foster, the main character in Tuck

Everlasting, is a ten-year-old girl who lives a sheltered life in a

small town. Her family is wealthy and reserved. She has no

siblings and no friends to speak of. When we meet her in the

beginning of the novel, she is lonely and bored. She wants to do

something with her life, to have an adventure. She begins to

consider this in a conversation with a toad that lurks across the

road from her front yard. She tells him that she is tired of being

watched by her family every second of the day and wants to be

herself for once. She tells him she wants to “make some kind of

difference in the world.”

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Winnie is somewhat torn, though. When she sets out into the

wood that next day, she is unsure of what to do. She won’t

commit to running away but thinks she’ll see how she feels as

she goes. It turns out she doesn’t have to make a decision

herself. Her life changes the moment she encounters Jesse Tuck

in the wood.

Because Winnie is curious and open to new things, she doesn’t

walk away when she spies Jesse sitting by the spring. Instead,

she watches him intensely, and soon finds herself on an

adventure that changes her life. At first she is excited about her

new experiences. “They were friends, her friends. Closing the gate

on her oldest fears as she had closed the gate of her own fenced

yard, she discovered the wings she’s always wished she had.

And all at once she was elated.” Later, though, she becomes

overwhelmed and scared. “She had never slept in any bed but

her own in her life. All these thoughts flowed at once from

the dark part of her mind. She put down her fork and said,

unsteadily, ‘I want to go home.’” Winnie continues to go back

and forth regarding her feelings for the Tucks and the situation

she has gotten into with them. Her emotions become more

complicated. She is at once scared and sympathetic, overjoyed

and distressed.

But mostly, Winnie is perceptive, very understanding, intelligent,

and brave. We first become aware of her perceptiveness when the

man in the yellow suit comes to her house and she is reminded

of funeral ribbons. She somehow knows that he brings trouble.

That same intuition makes her empathetic as well. She feels

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deeply for the Tucks, and is pained when she notices sadness

in them.

But it is Winnie’s courage that changes her life. She has lived

through something and learned from the experience, and she

feels surer of herself for it. At the beginning, she doesn’t even

know whether or not to run away. In the end, she starts making

independent decisions. When she sneaks out of the house and

risks everything to save Mae, she not only displays her newfound

independence, but also shows she has learned how to be a

friend.

Mae Tuck: Mae Tuck is a wife and mother who cares deeply

about her family. She tries very hard to keep her family intact.

Mae is also very brave. It is she who saves her family and Winnie

when she hits the man in the yellow suit over the head. She is a

protector. Mae will stop at nothing to prevent others from taking

on the burden of eternal life. She is kind, loving, optimistic, and

resilient—she has led a long and sometimes difficult life, but still

has energy to spare. All of those qualities are evident when she

says to Winnie, “Life’s got to be lived, no matter how long or

short. You got to take what comes.”

Angus Tuck: Angus Tuck, called Tuck, is a kind but sad man,

who “almost never smiled except in his sleep.” For that is when

he dreams of heaven and is relieved to be able to forget for a

minute that he will live forever. But the “melancholy creases of

his cheeks” are displaced by a smile when he meets Winnie

Foster. Perhaps most affected of all the Tucks by the curse of

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43

eternal life, Tuck hides himself away from the world so that he

doesn’t have to watch it grow past him. Because he cannot die,

he doesn’t feel alive. He responds with sheer amazement to

Winnie when he meets her. Winnie is alive to him because she

will mature and grow old, and eventually die. It makes him feel

alive to be near her.

He tells Winnie, “You can’t have living without dying. So you

can’t call it living, what we got. We just are, we just be, like rocks

beside the road.” Winnie responds to Tuck’s descriptions of

immortality most of all. Her empathy comes out when she notices

his creased forehead at the breakfast table and when he stares

with envy at the man in the yellow suit when he is on the verge

of death. Winnie knows that Tuck is in pain.

Natalie Babbitt has said that Angus Tuck is the most important

character in the book. “He is the one whose advice Winnie

follows.”

Miles Tuck: Miles Tuck is “solid, like an oar,” according to

Winnie. He is broad and muscled and has dirt under his nails

from working as a blacksmith to earn money. He had a wife and

children who left him when they realized he would not age and he

is sad that they could never know why. Instead, they lived and

died as he could not and he sees that as tragic. Serious and

diligent, Miles wants to do something important with his time

someday. He tries to explain the importance of the cycle of life to

Winnie when she goes out in the rowboat with him. There, she

learns that he is critical of his father’s decision to hide from the

world, and of Jesse’s indulgent lifestyle. He thinks everyone

ought to make himself or herself useful.

Jesse Tuck: Jesse Tuck is a seventeen-year-old boy who’ll be

seventeen forever and doesn’t seem to mind one bit. He thinks

that if you’re destined to live forever, you might as well enjoy it.

Winnie thinks he is the opposite of Miles and likens him to

“water: thin and quick.” He is optimistic, hopeful, and free-

spirited. Winnie develops a crush on him. At first, she admires

him because he is handsome and charming. Later, she adores

him because he seems to like her, too. He wants Winnie to drink

from the spring when she is seventeen and then marry him so

they can live forever, together.

The man in the yellow suit: The man in the yellow suit

represents the dark side of the Tucks’ situation. He wants to

exploit them by treating them like a sideshow. He has no morals.

He doesn’t see the Tucks as people, but as objects put on earth

to make him rich. He refuses to see the consequences of his plan.

Natalie Babbitt has explained:

Every fantasy has to have a villain. The MITYS is based on

somebody that I actually knew . . . a completely amoral,

hugely powerful, completely selfish person. We are used to

villains that know what good is and go against it. The MITYS

does not concern himself with good or bad. The only thing he

thinks about is what he wants, without regard to what it

might mean philosophically or to people’s lives.

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Thinking about the characters

• Which of the Tucks do you feel closest to? Why?

• Would you like to have Winnie for a friend? Why or why not?

• Do you feel differently about Mae Tuck after she kills the man

in the yellow suit? Why or why not?

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46

Opinion: What Have Other People Thought About Tuck Everlasting?

“Flawless”

When Tuck Everlasting was first published in 1975, the reviews

were exceptional. A reviewer for The Horn Book wrote, “Rarely

does one find a book with such distinctive prose. Flawless in both

style and structure, it is rich in imagery and punctuated with

light fillips of humor.” The reviewer was not only impressed with

the beautiful language that Natalie Babbitt used, but also by the

funny moments she included.

A review in Harper’s stated that Tuck Everlasting was “probably

the best work of our best children’s novelist.” Evidently many

people agree with this statement because it was named one of

the most important children’s books of the twentieth century by

School Library Journal. It is so popular, in fact, that it was made

into a feature film that was released in 2002.

Some people who have read the book feel that despite its

historical setting, children many years in the future will also

enjoy Tuck Everlasting. A review from Booklist stated that “with

its serious intentions, and light touch the story is, like the

Tucks, timeless.”

Controversy about the ending

Though most readers agree that the book is marvelous, others

have had a negative response to the ending. They feel that Winnie

should have taken a drink from the spring and found Jesse and

lived with him forever. But, as Natalie Babbitt has explained,

usually even the most critical reader comes around eventually.

(See Natalie Babbitt’s story on page 11 about a reader who

changed her mind.)

In addition, some people feel that Babbitt’s description of the

Tuck family is not entirely realistic. A reviewer from the New York

Times Book Review wrote that the Tucks were “nice people; their

unshakable niceness is perhaps the only really unlikely part of

the story.” The Tucks have lived a very, very long time and

experienced great loss due to their immortality. This reviewer

finds it difficult to believe the Tucks could be so kind to Winnie

after suffering for so long.

Thinking about what others think of Tuck Everlasting

• How do you feel about the ending?

• Do you think Tuck Everlasting deserves all the praise?

• Do you think the book’s historical setting will help the story

remain appealing for years to come? Why or why not?

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Glossary

H ere are some important words used in Tuck Everlasting.

Some are common words that have uncommon meanings.

Understanding them will make it easier to read the novel.

acrid bitter or unpleasant to the smell or taste

bovine having qualities characteristic of a cow

cahoots in partnership

catholic involving or concerning all of humankind

colander a cooking utensil with holes used for rinsing ordraining food

constable a lawman

cross angry

ebbed fell back or receded

eddies currents of water moving in a circular motion

elation a feeling of extreme joy or pride

embankment a raised structure that prevents water fromoverflowing

exasperated irritated or out of patience

furrowed wrinkled with deep grooves

galling causing extreme irritation

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gallows a frame from which condemned people were hanged

gypsies wandering people

illiterate unable to read or write

indomitable impossible to tame or subdue

jaunty showy

kingfisher a brightly colored bird

marionette a wooden figure made to move from above bystrings attached to its jointed limbs

melancholy deep sadness or depression

metaphysics the philosophical study of being and knowing

parson a member of the clergy

petulance the quality of being ill-tempered

plaintive mournful

ponderous heavy or important

prostrate to reduce to extreme weakness; to be overcome

roust to wake up someone or disturb

rueful expressing sorrow or regret

searing burning or scorching

self-deprecation the act of putting oneself down

staunchly in a firm way

tangent a sudden change of course

teeming overflowing

threadbare shabby

verandah a porch or balcony

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Natalie Babbitt on Writing

“I write for children because I aminterested in fantasy and thepossibilities for experience of all kindsbefore the time of compromise. Ibelieve that children are far moreperceptive and wise than Americanbooks give them credit for being.”

—Natalie Babbitt

Although Natalie Babbitt started out as an illustrator, she

has said, “Now writing is far more important to me than

illustrating, for it seems clear that the things I have to say I can

say much more effectively with words than I ever could with

pictures, in spite of old maxims to the contrary.” (As the saying

goes, “A picture is worth a thousand words.”) Babbitt says that it

was all the reading she did as a child that led her to a career in

illustrations and, ultimately, writing for children. She believes

that it is because she loves words that she is able to use them so

effectively in her writing.

Natalie once wrote an essay called, “My Love Affair with the

Alphabet.” It is about how miraculous the alphabet is. She

50

wonders “how those twenty-six funny shapes can group

themselves in endlessly different ways to make words with

endlessly different meanings.” The essay expresses her opinion

that the letters of the alphabet on the pages of a book enable us

to go to different places, to be someone else entirely, and to

accomplish extraordinary things.

For aspiring writers

Natalie Babbitt has said that if you really want to be a writer,

you should probably be a reader first. She believes that it is by

reading stories that you learn to tell them well. “All of us are

storytellers of one kind or another, and I wish you all lots of luck

with it if you choose to do it.”

It was through her observation of other people’s writing

experiences that she learned an important lesson she likes to

share with aspiring writers:

My husband took time out from his academic career to write

a novel and discovered that he didn’t enjoy the long, lonely

hours that writing demanded. My sister produced a comic

novel, which required substantial rewriting. I learned three

valuable things from observing my husband’s and sister’s

forays into the writer’s world: You have to give writing your

full attention. You have to like the revision process. And you

have to like to be alone. But it was years before I put any of

this to good use.

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You Be the Author!

• Write the sequel: Don’t you wish you knew what became of

Jesse Tuck? Write a story about what happened to Jesse after

Mae was freed. How long did he wait for Winnie? Did he fall in

love again? Did he get into any trouble? Where do you think he

traveled?

• Be a reporter: The town of Treegap was certainly in a tizzy

the day after Mae’s escape from the jail. What might the local

newspaper have said of the mysterious circumstances

surrounding her disappearance? You be the reporter who gets

the story. Interview the townsfolk. Did anyone see anything? Has

anyone heard any rumors? Perhaps someone has some gossip to

include about Winnie’s affection for Jesse Tuck . . .

• The legend of Treegap Spring: Doesn’t the eternal life-

giving spring remind you of an old legend? How do you think it

became enchanted in the first place? Was it elves after all? Use

your imagination to come up with a magical story about the

history of the spring.

• Keep a diary: Imagine that you suddenly find out that you

are going to stay the age you are today forever. Start a fictional

diary. Start your diary on the day you become immortal. How did

it happen? At an encounter with a magical being? Or perhaps

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after finding an unusual object? Were you with any of your

friends or family members? What is it like to see your friends get

older? Since you’ll never appear older, will you be in the same

grade forever? Write a few sentences each day about who you

reveal your secret to, what is good about living forever, and what

you don’t enjoy about it, and anything else that you think is

interesting about your new situation.

• Write as Natalie Babbitt: Part of what makes this book so

special is the wonderful imagery the author uses to describe the

simplest objects and situations. Write a story of your own and try

using similes, metaphors, and personification the way Natalie

Babbitt does. These literary tools will help your writing come

alive!

• Write an advertisement: If the man in the yellow suit had

lived, he would have had to advertise the spring water in order to

sell it. Make a poster advertising the water. What would it say?

How would he persuade people to pay for the water?

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Activities

• You be the judge!: Imagine Mae Tuck hadn’t been able to

escape. What might her trial have been like? Would the jury

believe her story or would they sympathize with the man in the

yellow suit? Have a mock trial and find out! You will need a

judge, a jury of twelve people, a prosecutor, a defense lawyer, and

witnesses for Mae Tuck.

• Words that paint a picture: Natalie Babbitt is an artist as

well as a writer. Are you? Let’s find out! Read over some of your

favorite descriptions in the book, and try to draw or paint the

scene. Maybe it’s the winding road, or the entrance to the wood,

or the spring, or the Tucks’ house on the pond . . .

• Back to the future: When the Tucks return to Treegap in

the epilogue, they find the town very different. What would your

town look like if you were to return in one hundred years? What

has changed? What has stayed the same?

• Watch the movie: Tuck Everlasting, the movie, came out in

2002 and is now available on video and DVD. Get a group of

friends together and watch it. Then, have a “movie group.” Talk

about how the movie is different from the book. Did everyone like

it? Which did you like better?

54

• Get a library card: If you already have a card, head to the

library and check out some of Natalie Babbitt’s other stories! If

you don’t have a library card, make sure to get one. You will find

endless possibilities for great reading inside the library!

• Make some flapjacks!: With the help of an adult, you can

enjoy flapjacks just like the Tucks and Winnie did!

Ingredients

3 tablespoons butter

11⁄2 cups all-purpose flour

2 tablespoons brown sugar

11⁄2 teaspoons baking powder1⁄2 teaspoon salt

11⁄2 cups milk

2 large eggs

1 tablespoon of maple or regular syrup1⁄2 teaspoon vanilla

Directions

1. Melt the butter, either in a small pan on the stove or in a

small bowl in the microwave. Let the melted butter cool for

several minutes.

2. In a large mixing bowl, combine flour, brown sugar, baking

powder, and salt. Mix together with a whisk (a fork will work, too)

so it is well combined.

3. In a separate small bowl, combine the melted butter, milk,

eggs, syrup, and vanilla. Whisk these ingredients together.

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4. Add the liquid mixture to the flour mixture. Whisk together

until there are no big chunks of flour. The batter will be lumpy,

not smooth. Do not mix too much or else the flapjacks won’t be

fluffy.

5. Grease the griddle or pan with oil or butter. You could use

cooking spray if you prefer.

6. With an adult’s help, heat up a griddle or large pan on high

heat on the stove.

7. With a ladle or measuring cup, pour about 1⁄3 cup of batter

onto the skillet.

8. When the top is covered in bubbles and a few begin to pop,

turn over the pancake using a rubber or metal spatula.

9. Cook for about one minute more and lift up an edge to check

to see if it’s done. The flapjack should be golden brown.

10. Top with butter and syrup!

56

Related Reading

Other books by Natalie Babbitt

Bub; Or the Very Best Thing (1994)

The Devil’s Other Storybook (1987)

The Devil’s Storybook (1974)

Dick Foote and the Shark (1967)

Elsie Times Eight (2001)

The Eyes of the Amaryllis (1977)

Goody Hall (1971)

Herbert Rowbarge (1982)

Kneeknock Rise (1970)

Nellie, a Cat on Her Own (1989)

Ouch! (1998)

Phoebe’s Revolt (1968)

The Search for Delicious (1969)

The Something (1970)

Books illustrated by Natalie Babbitt

All the Small Poems by Valerie Worth (1987)

All the Small Poems and Fourteen More by Valerie Worth (1994)

The Big Book for Peace by Alexander Lloyd (1990)

Curlicues, the Fortunes of Two Pug Dogs by Valerie Worth (1980)

The Forty-Ninth Magician by Samuel Babbitt (1966)

More Small Poems by Valerie Worth (1976)

Other Small Poems Again by Valerie Worth (1986)

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Peacock and Other Poems by Valerie Worth (2002)

Small Poems by Valerie Worth (1972)

Small Poems Again by Valerie Worth (1986)

Still More Small Poems by Valerie Worth (1978)

Movies

Tuck Everlasting (2002)

58

Bibliography

Books

Babbitt, Natalie. Tuck Everlasting. New York: Farrar, Straus and

Giroux, 1975.

dePaola, Tomie, and others. Once Upon a Time . . . Celebrating the

Magic of Children’s Books in Honor of the Twentieth Anniversary

of Reading Is Fundamental. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons,

1986.

Silvey, Anita. The Essential Guide to Children’s Books and

Their Creators. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002.

Newspapers and magazines

Booklist, volume 72, December 1, 1975, p. 510.

The Bulletin of the Center for Children’s Books. “True Blue: Natalie

Babbitt.” June 1999.

Horn Book, volume 52, February 1976, p. 47.

New York Times Book Review, November 16, 1975, pp. 32, 56.

School Library Journal, volume 22, December 1975, p. 50.

Web sites

The Bulletin of the Center for Children’s Books:

http://alexia.lis.uiuc.edu/puboff/bccb/0699true.html

Cedar Falls Public Library Youth Department:

www.cedar-falls.lib.ia.us/youth/author3.html

Disney:

http://disney.go.com/disneypictures/tuck

59

Educational Paperback Association:

www.edupaperback.org

Kidspace @ The Internet Public Library:

http://www.ipl.org/div/kidspace/askauthor/babbitt.html

Kidsreads.com:

http://www.kidsreads.com/authors/au-babbitt-natalie.asp

Scholastic:

http://www2.scholastic.com/teachers/authorsandbooks/

authorstudies/authorstudies.jhtml

60

�

Study Guide

for

TuckEverlasting

by Natalie Babbitt

T H E G L E N C O E L I T E R A T U R E L I B R A R Y

i

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Babbitt’s strong interest in drawing ledher to major in art in college. While there,she met her husband. After marrying,Babbitt focused on raising her three chil-dren. By the age of thirty, she still had notlaunched her career as an illustrator. At thattime, the 1950s, few women looked for jobsoutside the home. Babbitt says, “Women myage and older, having married at a differenttime, had to meet all the expectations ofsociety before we did anything.”

In the mid-1960s, Babbitt decided shewould do what she had always wanted to do.She gave her husband, a writer, the idea fora children’s book she wanted to illustrate.He wrote the words, and she drew the pen-and-ink illustrations. The Forty-NinthMagician was published in 1966.

With the encouragement of her husbandand her editor, Babbitt began to write herown picture books. The Search for Deliciouswas published in 1969, and Kneeknock Risewas published in 1970. Both books combineelements of folklore, fairy tale, and myth. InThe Search for Delicious—which features agroup of dwarfs, a mermaid, and a treedweller—a 12-year-old boy must save hiskingdom by discovering the correct defini-tion of the word delicious. In Kneeknock Rise,a boy investigates a town’s fear of a mythicalcreature that lives on top of a nearby moun-tain. Babbitt’s most popular book, however,is Tuck Everlasting, a blend of realism andfantasy, first published in 1975.

Babbitt’s books have been praised fortheir wit, clear and poetic writing style, andthemes that address thought-provokingquestions about life and human nature.Babbitt says that she writes for children, buther award-winning books are enjoyed byreaders of all ages.

Meet Natalie Babbitt

[Natalie Babbitt] is an illustrator, not only with pen and brush, but also with words.

—Kirsten Chapman, interview with the author, 1988

t a young age, Natalie Babbitt knewshe wanted to become an illustrator.

Her mother, an artist, gave Natalie and hersister art lessons as children. Natalie spenthours practicing her drawing, often usingcolored pencils. At age nine, she discoveredthe children’s classic Alice in Wonderlandand fell in love with John Tenniel’s pen-and-ink illustrations for the book. His art-work inspired her so that she decided shealso would be an illustrator of children’sbooks. “I would draw funny, beautiful pic-tures in pen and ink,” she explains.

Babbitt says, however, that at this earlystage of her life “I never thought about writ-ing.” Nevertheless, as a child, she loved thefairy tales her mother read aloud to her.Babbit learned to read before she enteredschool. These early experiences helped tolay the groundwork for her career as a writerof fantasy books for children.

A

10 Tuck Everlasting Study Guide

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For the wood was full of light . . . It was greenand amber and alive, quivering in splotches onthe padded ground, fanning into sturdy stripesbetween the tree trunks. . . . and here and therea fallen log, half rotted but soft with patches ofsweet green-velvet moss.

—Tuck Everlasting

This description of Treegap woods, part of thesetting of Tuck Everlasting, shows NatalieBabbitt’s skill with words. As one expert onchildren’s literature has noted, “No one imi-tates Natalie Babbitt, because no one can.”

Tuck Everlasting is Babbitt’s best-lovednovel. At the beginning of the story, we meetWinnie Foster. Nearly eleven years old,Winnie has little experience with life beyondher fenced front yard and yearns to spread herwings. Her life changes dramatically whenshe meets the odd Tuck family and discoversa secret they have kept for many years.Through her adventure with the Tucks,Winnie makes another, far more important,discovery—Winnie discovers herself.Suspenseful, funny, and touching, TuckEverlasting explores a serious question aboutlife and about how it should be lived.

The Tuck family in the novel shares somesimilarities with Babbitt’s real-life ancestors,who were early pioneers. In the late 1700s,some Babbitts journeyed from Connecticut toOhio to settle. At that time, Ohio was coveredwith an immense forest where bears roamedand Native Americans lived and hunted. Asmore and more settlers arrived, the forests werecleared to create farmland. Patches of woodsremained. Woods like these are the home ofthe Tucks at the time Winnie meets them.

Like Babbitt’s other novels, TuckEverlasting is a fantasy, a type of fiction thatusually includes fictional characters andimaginary settings. But unlike many of hernovels, Tuck takes place in the everydayworld. As an “earthbound fantasy,” the novelis often compared to E. B. White’s Charlotte’s

Web. Both delicately balance the real and theimaginary. Babbitt’s skill as a storytellermakes the unbelievable seem believable.

The term fantasy includes many types offiction, from modern fairy tales to science fic-tion. A fantasy is a work that takes place inan unreal world or concerns unreal charactersand events. A fantasy can feature knights anddragons, talking animals, or time travelers. Itcan be set in the long-ago past or the distantfuture. It includes works as different as Winniethe Pooh and Star Wars. What links these dif-ferent kinds of writing together is that theyall focus on the imaginary.

Fantasies have their roots in folktales, legends, and myths. Folktales are traditionalstories that convey the beliefs or customs of aculture. Legends, part fact and part fiction, tellabout the great deeds of heroes. Myths are narratives that attempt to explain certainevents, such as the creation of the world orforces of nature. These forms of literature cameinto being hundreds—even thousands—ofyears ago. The stories were passed along byword-of-mouth for generations before beingwritten down.

Many fantasy writers, such as NatalieBabbitt, Jane Yolen, and Brian Jacques, arefascinated by these early tales and borrowfrom them in their own stories. For that reason, when you read a fantasy, the plot,characters, or theme may seem familiar. AsYolen points out:

Stories lean on stories, art on art. Thisfamiliarity with the treasure-house of ancientstory is necessary for any true appreciation oftoday’s literature.

The main source of all fantasy stories,however, is the human heart and mind. Likethe ancient, unnamed storytellers, fantasywriters today address our darkest fears andgreatest hopes. They also stretch our imagina-tions by helping us dream and look at theworld in new and unusual ways. Speaking of

Introducing the Novel

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The idea of living forever has fascinatedhumankind for centuries. In the 1300s,medieval chemists tried to discover a liquidthat could extend life forever. They calledthis magical drink the “elixir of life.” InChina, followers of a religion called Taoismsearched for a similar substance called the

“pill of immortality.” Some Taoists alsothought that people could approach immor-tality by following certain daily practices.They believed that meditation, breathingexercises, and diet could reverse the normalaging process by changing the body’s internal chemistry.

Did You Know?

the importance of the imagination, fantasywriter Paul Fenimore Cooper notes:

He who lacks imagination lives but half a life.He has his experiences, he has his facts, he hashis learning. But do any of these really liveunless touched by the magic of the imagination?

While many fantasies are designed to pro-vide an entertaining escape from the everydayworld, the richest fantasies offer insights aboutthe real world. For example, Charlotte’s Web,which features a talking spider and pig as wellas a real-life little girl, helps us understand truefriendship. Tuck Everlasting, which also has ayoung girl as the main character, offers insightson an even larger question. The best fantasies,while inviting us to consider the impossible, atthe same time have the ring of truth.

THE TIME AND PLACEBabbitt gives clues that allow the reader tofigure out that the events of the novel takeplace in the 1880s. By providing details aboutWinnie’s high-button shoes and people’s useof wagons and horses rather than cars, Babbitshows the time in which the events occur.

The story takes place in the imaginaryvillage of Treegap. Treegap is based on

Clinton, New York, a small town in thefoothills of the Adirondack Mountains,where Babbitt and her husband lived. TheAdirondack Mountains cover about 12,000square miles in northeastern New York. Inthe mid-1800s, people began visiting theAdirondacks to enjoy the scenery, wildlife,and recreational activities.

Babbitt may have been inspired by Norsemythology when she created the woods ofTreegap. Though the Foster family owns thewoods, Winnie has never entered them. InChapter 1 we learn that the woods have ahuge ash tree at their center.

In Norse myth—part of the traditionalculture of Sweden, Norway, and Denmark—a giant ash tree stands at the center of theworld and supports the universe. At its baseare three holy wells. The tree, like theNorse gods, is immortal, but an evil mon-ster gnaws at its roots. While there are nomonsters in Tuck Everlasting, the ash tree inthe woods of Treegap, like the ash tree inthe myth, has water at its base. A smallspring bubbles up from underground. In thenovel, the spring plays a critical part in thenovel’s plot and presents an important ques-tion for readers.

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FOCUS ACTIVITYIf you had the chance to stay young forever, would you take it? Why or why not?Think-Pair-ShareWith a partner, list possible advantages and disadvantages of never growing any older.Setting a PurposeRead to find out how a mysterious family stays young.

BACKGROUNDThe Passage of TimeThe time of year is an important feature of the setting in Tuck Everlasting. The prologue, orintroduction, to the novel states that the month is August, and the first paragraph opens with astriking summer image. The author describes a Ferris wheel pausing in its turning, with the topseat hanging in the stillness. This image helps to set the mood, or atmosphere, of the particularAugust when the novel takes place. Notice that the author describes the first week of August as“motionless, and hot” and August as “the top of the year.” Her description suggests that the yearis at a turning point. The opening image also hints that the main character may be at a turningpoint in her life.

VOCABULARY PREVIEW

axis [ak�sis] n. straight line around which something rotates

contemplation [kon´təm pla�shən] n. process of thinking something through

disheartened [dis ha� rt�ənd ] adj. discouraged

implore [im plo� r�] v. to beg

primly [prim�le] adv. stiffly; daintily

recede [ri sed�] v. to move backward; to withdraw

rueful [roo¯ ¯ �fəl ] adj. sad

venture [ven�chər] n. bold or risky act

Before You ReadTuck Everlasting Prologue and Chapters 1–8

Tuck Everlasting Study Guide 13

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The Tucks have mixed feelings about living forever. Use the chart to note their attitudes aboutwhat has happened in their lives since they drank from the spring. In the second column, sum-marize in a few words their feelings about living forever.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

Active ReadingTuck Everlasting Prologue and Chapters 1–8

Character CommentsFeeling AboutLiving Forever

Angus Wishes things wou ld change Bored and sad

Mae

Miles

Jesse

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Personal ResponseWhat do you think will happen next in the story? Why?

Analyzing LiteratureRecall and Interpret1. Briefly describe the Fosters’ house and yard. How do they reflect the Fosters’

personality?

2. What does Mr. Tuck dream? What does the dream suggest about Mr. Tuck’s attitude toward his life?

3. What thoughts does Winnie express to the toad? How does she feel about herlife? How does the weather reflect her feelings?

4. What draws Winnie to the woods? What is Jesse Tuck doing when Winnie firstsees him? What does she think of Jesse?

5. What secret do the Tucks share with Winnie? Why do they kidnap her? Howdoes Winnie feel about the Tucks?

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

RespondingTuck Everlasting Prologue and Chapters 1–8

RespondingTuck Everlasting Prologue and Chapters 1–8

Tuck Everlasting Study Guide 15

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Analyzing Literature (continued)Evaluate and Connect6. Who overhears the Tucks’ secret? How do the actions of this character create

suspense, or tension, in the plot?

7. Review your answer to the question in the Focus Activity. After reading about theTucks, would you change your answer? Why? How might the Tucks answer thequestion?

Literature and WritingThe Story in a NutshellIn one written paragraph, sum up the part of the story you have read so far. Identify themain character in the novel and give some background about her. Where does she live?What seems to be troubling her? What action does she take that sets the story in motion?

Extending Your ResponseLiterature GroupsMae Tuck says that the spring is “a big, dangerous secret.” Do you agree? In your discussion, consider these related questions: What might happen if the secret wasrevealed to the public? How would people’s lives be changed for better or worse? Howwould society be affected? How might the planet be affected? After your discussion,take a vote to find out how many students think the spring should be kept secret.Learning for LifeNews reporters often have to separate fact from fiction. Imagine you are a reporter. Youhave heard a rumor about a mysterious family that never seems to age. Your editorwants you to find out if the rumor is true. What questions would you ask to try to getto the bottom of this story? Write at least two questions you would ask each majorcharacter in the story.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

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FOCUS ACTIVITYWhat changes in life do you look forward to as you think about growing older?DiscussWhat do you think your life will be like when you are a young adult? When you are older still?What joys and pains might come with each stage of life? Setting a PurposeRead to find out what Angus Tuck has to say to Winnie about living and growing.

BACKGROUNDDid You Know?The plot of a story is more than just a series of events, one after another. In any plot, one eventleads to another, following a pattern of cause and effect. Compare these two examples offered byE. M. Forster, the author of Aspects of the Novel, a book about how novels work: (1) “The kingdied and then the queen died.” (2) “The king died, and then the queen died of grief.” Only thesecond example, Forster notes, is a plot.

In Tuck Everlasting, you can find similar examples of cause and effect in the plot. In the firstsection, Winnie hears strange music coming from the woods. This event leads her to enter thewoods because she is curious about the source of the music. Thinking about cause and effect canhelp you understand characters’ motives, or reasons for doing what they do. As you read Chapters 9–20, notice how one event leads to another, and think about why each character behaves as heor she does.Branches of KnowledgeIn Chapter 19, the man in the yellow suit says that he studied philosophy and metaphysics to tryto find out if people can really live forever. Philosophy is a branch of knowledge, like science orhistory. The term comes from Greek words that mean “love of wisdom.” Philosophers apply thepowers of the mind to explore basic questions about human experience such as What is truth?How do we define goodness or beauty? What moral responsibilities do people have? What is theextent of the universe? How do we know what we know? Metaphysics is one branch of philoso-phy. Metaphysicians try to sort out appearance from reality. The question that Babbitt poses forreaders in her novel is a philosophical one. How would you phrase her question?

VOCABULARY PREVIEW

anguish [an���wish] n. extreme pain or sorrow

fragrant [fra��rənt] adj. sweet-smelling

helter-skelter [hel�tər skel�tər] adj. without order; messy

immense [i mens�] adj. very large

melancholy [mel�ən kol´e] adj. depressed

pickle [pik�əl] n. difficult situation

rave [rav] v. to talk wildly

teeming [tem�in�] adj. filled to overflowing

Before You ReadTuck Everlasting Chapters 9–20

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Winnie has mixed feelings about her experiences with the Tucks. Each of these feelings is aneffect caused by a particular event. Use the chart to record her responses to the events that happen while she is with the Tucks.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

Active ReadingTuck Everlasting Chapters 9–20

feels happy to be welcomed

Winnie’s ResponseEvent

The Tucks take Winnie home tomeet Angus.

Winnie eats supper with theTucks.

On the pond, Angus talks to Win-nie about the wheel of life.

Tuck and Mae talk to Winnie asshe falls asleep.

Jesse suggests that Winnie drinkthe springwater when she is

seventeen.

Miles takes Winnie fishing on thepond.

Mae hits the stranger and theconstable arrests her.

1.

2.

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5.

6.

7.

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Personal ResponseWhen Winnie goes fishing with Miles, she kills a mosquito but asks Miles to let thetrout go free. Why would she do that? Would you have done the same? Explain.

Analyzing LiteratureRecall and Interpret1. Compare and contrast the Tucks’ house and way of life with the Fosters’. Which

does Winnie seem to prefer? Why?

2. When Mr. Tuck takes Winnie rowing, what does he talk about? How does he feelabout living forever? How does Winnie respond to what he says?

3. Why does the man in the yellow suit go to the Fosters’ house? What do the con-stable’s remarks about the gallows seem to foreshadow, or predict, for the Tucks?

4. At the Tucks’ house, what plan does the man in the yellow suit announce? Why,do you think, does Mae Tuck hit him? How does this scene mark a turning pointfor Winnie?

RespondingTuck Everlasting Chapters 9–20

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

18 Tuck Everlasting Study Guide

RespondingTuck Everlasting Chapters 9–20

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Analyzing Literature (continued)Evaluate and Connect5. How does Winnie’s talk with Miles when they go fishing relate to her earlier talk

with Angus?

6. What suggestion does Jesse make to Winnie? Does her interest in Jesse surpriseyou? Explain.

Literature and WritingImagesAn image is something that you can perceive with one or more of the senses: sight,hearing, smell, taste, or touch. Natalie Babbitt uses many images to enrich her writ-ing. Often these images compare two things. For example, she describes Mae Tuck asa “great potato of a woman.” Other images are vivid and colorful descriptions ofthings or events. Discuss Babbitt’s use of images in this section. In writing, describetwo images that you find interesting, and explain why they appeal to you and whatmakes them effective.

Extending Your ResponseLiterature GroupsTake turns reading aloud Chapter 12, in which Angus Tuck talks to Winnie aboutwhy living forever is a bad thing. Then, discuss the points Angus makes about livingand dying. Did you find his points convincing? (Think back to the comments youmade in the Focus Activity.) Could you identify with Winnie when she found ithard to accept the fact that she, too, will die? Do you think the wheel is a good sym-bol for life? Together, create a collage, poem, song, or dance to express your thoughtsand feelings about the “wheel of life.”Learning for LifeWinnie has trouble falling asleep at the Tucks because her mind is spinning. Butgradually the gentle evening sounds replace her busy thoughts, and she begins torelax. Mental health experts have found that thinking about a peaceful and quietsetting can help people relax when they feel tense or preoccupied.

Visualize a place that you find especially peaceful. On a separate sheet of paper,describe the different parts of the scene—sights, sounds, smells, sensations—andexplain their soothing effect.

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FOCUS ACTIVITYWhat does it mean to grow up? Are there parts of growing up that are both “satisfying andlonely”? Share IdeasIn small groups, discuss how young people act differently from their elders.Setting a PurposeRead to find out how Winnie changes as a result of her experiences with the Tucks.

BACKGROUNDDid You Know?Tuck Everlasting ends with an epilogue, which follows the final chapter. An epilogue is a concluding statement or section added to a novel or play. Epilogues used to be very common inplays about 300 years ago. The epilogue was often a rhyming speech addressed to the audience byone of the actors. Today epilogues are not very common in either plays or novels. Usually theepilogue sums up the main action of the story. It may also provide information about what hap-pened later to one of the characters, as it does in Tuck Everlasting.A Real Fountain of Youth?In 1503 the explorer Juan Ponce de León was searching for new lands for Spain. Legend has it thatrumors about a miraculous spring led him to Florida. Native Americans told him of a magical watersource on an island called Bimini that could make old people young again. In 1513 Ponce de Leónwent looking for this island. He landed on the coast of Florida near the site of modern St. Augustine.There he continued to search for, but never found, the fabled “fountain of youth.”

VOCABULARY PREVIEW

accomplice [a kom�plis] n. assistant to a crime

arc [a�rk] n. curved path

ebb [eb] v. to decrease in force or level

impulse [im�puls] n. sudden act

indefinitely [in def�ə nit le] adv. for an unlimited time

ponderous [pon�dər əs] adj. of great weight

pry [pr � ] v. to pull by using a lever

profoundly [prə found�le] adv. deeply

soothing [soo¯¯¯�thin�] adj. comforting

Before You ReadTuck Everlasting Chapters 21–26 and Epilogue

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In Chapters 22–24, the author uses descriptions of the weather to emphasize the dramatic eventsthat occur as well as the dramatic inner changes in the main character. Use the chart to notehow the weather changes along with the action.

Active ReadingTuck Everlasting Chapters 21–26 and Epilogue

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hottest day of August so far Jesse tells Winnie about the plan to free Mae from jail; hegives her a bottle of the springwater and reminds her tojoin him in the futu re.

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Personal ResponseWinnie’s actions do make a difference in the world of the novel. Do you think theactions of one person can make a difference in the real world? Explain.

Analyzing LiteratureRecall and Interpret1. What plan does Miles have to free Mae from jail? How will Winnie help? What

will happen if Mae is sent to the gallows?

2. Why does Winnie feel guilty about helping with the jail break? Why does shedecide to help anyway?

3. What does Winnie do with the bottle of springwater Jesse gave her? What doesthis action suggest about what she believes? What does it hint about her future?

RespondingTuck Everlasting Chapters 21–26 and Epilogue

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RespondingTuck Everlasting Chapters 21–26 and Epilogue

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Analyzing Literature (continued)Evaluate and Connect4. In the epilogue, what parts of the description suggest the passage of time? What

has happened to the woods and spring? Why does Tuck say “Good girl” when hesees Winnie’s gravestone?

5. Tuck moves a toad out of harm’s way as he and Mae leave Treegap. What do youmake of this incident?

Literature and WritingDear TucksThe Tucks never find out what happens to Winnie after they free Mae from jail.Take the role of Winnie, and write a letter to the Tucks about her thoughts andexperiences. Would she explain how getting to know the Tucks changed her? Wouldshe talk about what happened to her later in life? Would she have a special messagefor Jesse or another family member? Be sure to refer to her experiences in the novel,and use your ideas from the Focus Activity.

Extending Your ResponseLiterature GroupsUsing a computer at school, create a school “chat room” for discussing the novel.Create a file and give it a name like “TuckTalk.” Include a tag to identify your group.Use the file to post questions about anything that puzzles you as you read the last sec-tion of the novel. Each person reading the novel should type in at least three ques-tions. Each time you add a question, read the questions that others have asked. Findone or two that interest you and write a response. Before you launch your chat room,come up with a plan for organizing the questions and answers so they are easy to fol-low. Be sure to group all the answers to the same question together.Art ConnectionAssemble or draw a collection of objects for a “museum” of Tuck Everlasting.Choose objects that will remind people of the characters, symbols, plot, andthemes of the novel. Display your drawings on a single piece of posterboard.Arrange three-dimensional objects together on a table. Include a clearly printedlabel to identify each object and explain its importance in the novel.

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Personal ResponseWhat did you discover or realize about yourself while reading the novel? Would youdo what Winnie did? Why or why not?

Writing About the NovelWhat do you think Babbitt’s purpose was in writing Tuck Everlasting? What effect doyou think she wanted to have on her readers? Could she have used another form ofwriting to achieve this effect? Write your responses on a separate sheet of paper.

RespondingTuck Everlasting

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

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Before You ReadFocus QuestionRecall a time when you felt restless, in a hurry to be older, or unhappy with an aspect of life.Why might it be important to appreciate each moment and each stage of your life?

BackgroundThis selection is from the King James version of the Bible. These verses give readers an under-standing of Judeo-Christian beliefs about the delicate balance of human life on earth.

Responding to the Reading1. According to verse 1, for what are there proper seasons, or times?

2. What are two pairs of “times” mentioned in verses 2–8? How are the times in each pairrelated?

3. In your own words, what is the main message of this reading? What problems do you imaginemight occur if people ignore this message?

4. Making Connections In Tuck Everlasting, the Tuck family goes to great lengths to keep peo-ple from finding the spring that gives eternal life on earth. In what way are their concernsabout the spring supported or explained by these Bible verses?

Learning for LifeThis reading explores the idea that there is a time in life for good things and a time in life for bad things. Write a journal entry about how this idea might help you or others to get through difficult times. How might this idea give people both strength and hope? Include at least oneexample from your life or the life of someone you know.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

Ecclesiastes 3:1–8

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Before You ReadFocus QuestionWhat would be some advantages of knowing the future? Some disadvantages?

BackgroundMerrill Moore (1903–1957) was a psychiatrist who wrote hundreds of fourteen-line rhymedpoems known as sonnets. His humorous sonnet “Fable” is about one person’s questions and con-cerns regarding death. Jane Yolen is a writer known for her ability to write new stories in thestyle of great fables, folktales, and fairy tales. In this original piece, a young woman learns morethan she ever expected to know about life and death.

Responding to the Reading1. In “Fable,” how does the speaker feel about the idea of dying? How do you know the

speaker’s feelings?

2. Why might the speaker’s request to avoid death have “more harm in it than good”? Whatmust the speaker learn to accept and why?

3. In “The Weaver of Tomorrow,” why must Vera be apprenticed to the weaver?

4. What does Vera learn from the weaver? How does she feel when she first gains this knowledge?

5. How does Vera feel when she takes the weaver’s place? What has she finally learned?

6. Making Connections In Tuck Everlasting, Winnie tells Tuck, “I don’t want to die.” Tuckresponds, “But dying’s part of the wheel, right there next to being born.” How is Winnie likethe speaker in “Fable” and Vera in “The Weaver of Tomorrow”? How is Tuck like the personwho responds to the speaker in “Fable”? How is he like the old woman in “The Weaver ofTomorrow”?

Creative WritingWork with a partner to create your own story or poem about death and the cycle of life. Yourwriting can be set in modern times or in the past. It should include at least one character—human, animal, or magical—learning about the end to life and finding a way to deal with thisknowledge. Try to think of an imaginative way to describe the cycle of life.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

Fable Merrill Moore

The Weaver of TomorrowJane Yolen

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Before You ReadFocus QuestionWhy are loyalty and honesty important in the world? Give examples of loyalty and honesty thatyou have witnessed.

BackgroundGrimm’s Fairy Tales is a classic collection of folklore that includes more than 200 stories. Most ofthese stories were taken from oral sources—tales that were passed by word-of-mouth from personto person for generations. The collection was put together by German brothers Jacob andWilhelm Grimm. It was first published in two volumes with the title Kinder- und Hausmärchen(“Children’s and Household Tales”) between 1812 and 1815. It was then revised and expandedseveral times between 1819 and 1857. The stories in this collection have universal appealbecause they share basic truths about human nature and human desires. The selection you areabout to read deals with magical water, loyalty, honesty and dishonesty, and problems caused byboastfulness and arrogance.

Responding to the Reading1. Why is the youngest brother the only one who is able to find the water of life?

2. How does the youngest brother show his loyalty to his brothers? What do the older brothersdo that shows their selfishness and dishonesty?

3. When does the King realize the true nature of his youngest son? In what ways is the youngestson rewarded for his honesty and kind nature?

4. Making Connections What characters in Tuck Everlasting and “The Water of Life” wouldyou identify as greedy and selfish? Support your answer with one fact about each character.

Art ConnectionCreate a mural that combines some of the important themes, characters, and events of TuckEverlasting and “The Water of Life” in a creative way. Use color and striking images to show theadventures and learning experiences of characters in both tales.

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The Water of Life The Brothers Grimm

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Before You ReadFocus QuestionWhat is appealing to you about being older than you are now? What kinds of things are you in ahurry to do?

BackgroundCanadian Joni Mitchell is a singer and songwriter. Since the 1960s, her songs have been recordedby dozens of artists. The song “The Circle Game” was written in 1966. The lyrics to this songdescribe the circle of life that we all experience.

Responding to the Reading1. What stages of life does this song include?

2. What kinds of circles does Mitchell talk about for each of the life stages?

3. What is the meaning of the lines “And they tell him, Take your time it won’t be long now /Till you drag your feet to slow the circles down”?

4. In your opinion, is the use of the carousel to represent the circle of life an effective symbol?Why or why not?

5. Making Connections Which of the characters from Tuck Everlasting could best relate to thissong? Why? Why might other characters find it hard to relate to this song?

Writing LyricsIn “The Circle Game,” the young man in the last verse is twenty years old. Add additional verses about what the man discovers as he ages. You may wish to write about the experienceshe has had by the ages of thirty, sixty, and eighty or any other ages you choose. Be sure to repeatthe chorus throughout the verses you create.

Name �������������������������������������������������������� Date ������������������������� Class �����������������

The Circle Game Joni Mitchell

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Before You ReadFocus QuestionWhat are some of the most exciting real-life adventure stories you have heard or read about?Why do you find them interesting?

BackgroundJuan Ponce de León was a Spanish explorer who traveled from Spain to the West at the time ofColumbus. He is known as the conqueror of the Island of Boriquen (now Puerto Rico) in 1508and the discoverer of Florida in 1513. In these two selections, Washington Irving—a nine-teenth-century American writer—tells of Ponce de León’s legendary quest for a fountain ofyouth. The explorer believes that finding this fountain will give him eternal youth and makehim the greatest explorer who ever lived.

Responding to the Reading1. Why do stories of the fountain of youth appeal to Ponce de León? According to Irving, why

would an explorer like Ponce de León believe such a fantastic story?

2. According to Irving, why was the explorer’s journey both successful and unsuccessful?

3. Making Connections Compare and contrast Ponce de León with the stranger who wants tosell the magic water in Tuck Everlasting. Are their reasons for seeking magic water similar? Isone person more sincere than the other? Explain.

Writing a News ReportImagine that a fountain of youth is found in some remote area of the United States. Write a shortnews report that describes what the fountain looks like, how it was found, and how the publicreacts to the fountain. Think about the following questions when writing your report: Why wasthe fountain found? Who has access to it? Will people and businesses treat the fountain with careand respect or with greed and irresponsibility? How will the fountain begin to affect society?

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from Voyages and Discoveries ofthe Companions of Columbus

Washington Irving

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