Tt 2ndbatx lesson4
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Transcript of Tt 2ndbatx lesson4
“For” and “To” to express
reason Both “to” and “for” are used to express reason and can
be translated as “para”
Remember to is used before verbs
I came to Esplugues to work.
Remember to use for before nouns
I came to Esplugues for a new job.
Never use “for to”
Phrasal verbs Lesson 1Come up with / Find out / pick out
Our ancestors ______________ that plants with a
bitter taste were often poisonous.
Our noses can ____________as many as 10.000
smells.
Scientists have _________ with an explanation.
Found out
Pick out
Come up
with
Phrasal verbs Lesson 2 Hand out / Packed out /Put up / Put on /Set off
During the Diwali festival
People ________ gifts and sweets.
People __________ lights all over the city.
Lots of fireworks are ___________ every May Day.
The dancers _______ a show
Around 100,000 Barça fans ______________ the
stadium to see the game.
Put on
Hand out
Set off
Put up
Packed out
Vocabulary page 43
A stunning picture
Strive to look beautiful
Spread the wordTo be taken aback
To be let off the
hook
Basics about the Passive 1 We use it when the actor or agent is: unknown – My laptop was taken!
Unimportant - Coffee is produced in Brazil
We do not want to put the blame on anyone-The window was broken
You are stating a general truth – They are made for each other
The focus is on whatever / whoever gets the action done - My car is being repaired
To talk about processes – After soda is mixed with water…
Basics about the passive II We only use the passive with transitive verbs, that is,
verbs that have an object.
We sometimes replace the verb be with the verb get. This is more common in spoken English.
Students who do not hand in their homework in time will get punished.
It is possible to convert almost any structure from active to passive
The passive is NOT formal register in English, unlike in Spanish or Catalan.
ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE (* Possible but not
actually used)
He breaks the window The window is broken
He is breaking the window The window is being broken
He broke the window The window was broken
He was breaking the window The window was being broken
He has broken the window The window has been broken
He has been breaking the window *The window has been being broken
He had broken the window The window had been broken
He had been breaking the window *The window had been being broken
He can break the window The window can be broken
He should break the window The window should be broken
He is going to break the window The window is going to be broken
He will break the window The window will be broken
He will be breaking the window *The window will be being broken
He will have broken the window The window will have been broken
He will have been broking the window *The window will have been being broken
He used to break the window The window used to be broken
The causative It is used when “the thing I want to talk about is me”
Compare
The mechanic is repairing the car (I want to talk about him)
My car is being repaired (I want to talk about it. It is obvious that cars are repaired by mechanics)
I’m having my car repaired (I want to talk about me)
We use this form of the passive when people do something for us, and we pay them for it.
Form of the causative Have
Get
He is having his hair cut
She is going to get her kitchen renovated
She had her ear pierced
They will have their exams corrected
She is getting her picture taken
Any
tense+ Object + Past participle
Active form – An
architect
Causative form – A
millionaire
Present simple He builds houses He has houses built
-ing form He loves building
houses
He loves having
houses built
Present continuous He is building a house He is having a house
built.
Past simple He built a house He had a house built.
Past continuous He was building a house He was having a house
built.
Present perfect He has built a house He has had a house
built.
Past perfect He had built a house He had had a house
built
Composition errors Some people live far of their school.
Other problem is how you get around at night of
weekends.
Another problem is how you get around on weekend
nights.
Some people live far from their schools, and they have
to go to school using public transport. This is more
expensive than travellling by car. Another problem is
how you get around on weekend nights because it is
dangerous to walk down the street alone.
I am going to talk about whether people should be able
to drive a car until they are twenty. I will consider
arguments for and against this statement.