Tsunami Workshop

7/24/2019 Tsunami Workshop

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HYDROGRAPHIC ANDHYDROGRAPHIC AND

OCEANOGRAPHIC SERVICE OF THEOCEANOGRAPHIC SERVICE OF THE

CHILEAN NAVY (SHOA)CHILEAN NAVY (SHOA)

Numerical simulati! "r tsu!amiNumerical simulati! "r tsu!ami

i!u!#ati! ma$s i! C%ile&i!u!#ati! ma$s i! C%ile&

Dante Gutierrez

Nati!al Tsu!ami 'ar!i! SstemNati!al Tsu!ami 'ar!i! Sstem

Tsunami HazardTsunami Hazard

Mitigation and RiskMitigation and Risk

Assessment WorkshopAssessment Workshop

Santiago, ChileSantiago, Chile

29 - 3 Septem!er 2"29 - 3 Septem!er 2"


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2

Ta*le " c!te!ts

+,- I!tr#ucti!+,- I!tr#ucti!

- C!ce$tual Remar.s a!# Tsu!ami Ge!erati!- C!ce$tual Remar.s a!# Tsu!ami Ge!erati!

- Histrical Tsu!amis i! C%ile- Histrical Tsu!amis i! C%ile

/,- Tsu!ami Pr$aati!/,- Tsu!ami Pr$aati!

0,- Numerical 1#elli!0,- Numerical 1#elli!

2,- CITS3 Pr4ect52,- CITS3 Pr4ect5

Numerical Simulati! " Tsu!amisNumerical Simulati! " Tsu!amis

6,- Numerical 1#elli! Results5 E7am$les6,- Numerical 1#elli! Results5 E7am$les8,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts58,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts5

HHa9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!: $re$are#!essa9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!: $re$are#!ess

a!# res$!se $la!s i! C%ilea!# res$!se $la!s i! C%ile


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Ta*le " c!te!ts

+,- I!tr#ucti!+,- I!tr#ucti!











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Su*#ucti! 9!e *et=ee! Na9ca a!#Su*#ucti! 9!e *et=ee! Na9ca a!#

Sut% America! Tect!ic PlatesSut% America! Tect!ic Plates

Sismos super#$iales

Sismos intermedios

Sismos pro%undos

NA>CA PLATENA>CA PLATESO3TH A1ERICAN PLATESO3TH A1ERICAN PLATE


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?i?i

Eart%@ua.es i!Eart%@ua.es i!C%ileC%ile

I- Ce!turI- Ce!tur

- 8 0 W - 7 5 W - 7 0 W - 6 5 W - 6 0 W

- 5 5 S

- 5 0 S

- 4 5 S

- 4 0 S

- 3 5 S

- 3 0 S

- 2 5 S

- 2 0 S

-

1 8 7 7

1 9 2 2

1 8 6 8

1 9 4 3

1 9 0 61 9 7 1

1 9 8 5

1 9 2 8

1 9 3 9

1 9 6 0

1 9 4 9

1 9 9 5

Tsu!ami e!erati! #e$e!#s5Tsu!ami e!erati! #e$e!#s5

Eart%@ua.eBs ma!itu#eEart%@ua.eBs ma!itu#e

Distri*uti! ru$ture 9!eDistri*uti! ru$ture 9!eOrie!tati! ru$ture 9!eOrie!tati! ru$ture 9!eRu$ture #ime!si!sRu$ture #ime!si!sE$ice!tre lcati!E$ice!tre lcati!Vertical #is$laceme!tVertical #is$laceme!t


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Ta*le " c!te!ts

+,- I!tr#ucti!,+,- I!tr#ucti!,











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7

2 5

2 0

3 0

3 5

4 0

4 5

1 6 0 01 5 0 0 1 8 0 01 7 0 0 2 0 0 01 9 0 0

1

5

1

3

1

5

8

2

1

6

0

4

1

6

8

7

1

7

1

5 1

7

8

4

1

8

6

8

1

5

4

3

1

7

6

8

1

8

7

7

1

9

9

5

1

7

9

6

1

8

1

9

1

8

5

9

1

9

2

2

1

5

7

5

1

6

4

7

1

7

3

0

1

8

2

2

1

8

4

9

1

8

8

0 1

8

9

4

1

9

4

3

1

9

7

1

1

9

8

5

1

9

0

5

1

9

2

8

1

8

3

5

1

7

5

1

1

6

5

7

1

5

7

0

1

5

7

5

1

9

7

5

1

9

6

01

8

3

71

7

3

7

S

A o s

A n t r t i c a C h i l e n a

C D E ' 6 0 E '

8 D E8 D E

2 0 S

8 0 W 6 0 2 0

3 0 3 0

4 0 4 0

5 0

4 0 4 0

5 0

Le!t% "Le!t% "

Dislcati! >!esDislcati! >!es

Castal Tsu!amiCastal Tsu!ami

Eart%@ua.es al!Eart%@ua.es al!

t%e c%ilea! castt%e c%ilea! cast

+6 /6 $eri#+6 /6 $eri#


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Tsu!amisTsu!amis E""ectsE""ectsi! C%ilei! C%ile

ARICA5 A3G3ST +0: +8ARICA5 A3G3ST +0: +8

ARICA5 1AY : +


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CO3I1?O5 NOVE1?ER ++: +//CO3I1?O5 NOVE1?ER ++: +//


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CORRAL5 1AY //: +8CORRAL5 1AY //: +8


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CORRAL5 1AY //: +8CORRAL5 1AY //: +8


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Tsu!ami Pr$aati!Tsu!ami Pr$aati!

PROPAGATION IN OPEN OCEANPROPAGATION IN OPEN OCEAN

TS3NA1I 'AVES 3NDERGO CHANGES D3E TOTS3NA1I 'AVES 3NDERGO CHANGES D3E TO

REFRACTION D3RING PROPAGATIONREFRACTION D3RING PROPAGATION AS IF THEYAS IF THEY'ERE SHALLO' 'ATER 'AVES,'ERE SHALLO' 'ATER 'AVES,

IN CO1PARISON:IN CO1PARISON: ENERGY LOSSES ANDENERGY LOSSES AND

SPREADING IS LO' IN DEEP 'ATER,SPREADING IS LO' IN DEEP 'ATER,

ENERGY DISSIPATION ISENERGY DISSIPATION IS EPECTED TO ?EEPECTED TO ?E

I1PORTANT IN SHALLO' 'ATERSI1PORTANT IN SHALLO' 'ATERS,,


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Ta*le " c!te!ts

+,- I!tr#ucti!,+,- I!tr#ucti!, - C!ce$tual Remar.s a!# Tsu!ami Ge!erati!- C!ce$tual Remar.s a!# Tsu!ami Ge!erati!










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'%e! tsu!ami =a;es $r$aate'%e! tsu!ami =a;es $r$aate i!t castal areasi!t castal areast%et%e

i!teract =it% t%e castal *at%metric a!# t$ra$%ici!teract =it% t%e castal *at%metric a!# t$ra$%ic

"eatures"eaturesi! a ;ariet " =as5i! a ;ariet " =as5

- Re"lecti!- Re"lecti!- S%ali! a!# Re"racti!- S%ali! a!# Re"racti!

Tsu!amis ma lcall *e5Tsu!amis ma lcall *e5

- Re"lecte#- Re"lecte#

- Tra$$e#- Tra$$e#- Fcuse#- Fcuse#

Tsu!amis e!teri! *a ca! *e su*4ecte# t res!a!tTsu!amis e!teri! *a ca! *e su*4ecte# t res!a!t

c!#iti!s: resulti! i! a su*sta!tial i!crease " =a;ec!#iti!s: resulti! i! a su*sta!tial i!crease " =a;e

%ei%ts at $articular castal $i!ts%ei%ts at $articular castal $i!ts,,

150300450750 600900

PENINSULA

Wave-rays convergence

BAY

Wave-rays divergence


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TSUNAM S!""# TSUNAM S!""# TSUNAM S!""#

#"!T$ #"!T$#"!T$

S"A %"&"%

S"A '%(()

#S!%A*"M"NT


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Ta*le " c!te!ts











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Numerical 1#elli!Numerical 1#elli!

1#elli! t%e i!u!#ati!1#elli! t%e i!u!#ati!

VariusVarius

'a;e t$e *rea.i! =a;es: !!-*rea.i!'a;e t$e *rea.i! =a;es: !!-*rea.i!

=a;es: ra$i# rise "all a!# *re=a;es: ra$i# rise "all a!# *re

Ru%!ess "actrRu%!ess "actr

Re@uireRe@uire

Nears%re *atimetr t at least J+ m c!turNears%re *atimetr t at least J+ m c!tur

i!ter;ali!ter;al

Nears%re t$ra$% t at least 6 m c!turNears%re t$ra$% t at least 6 m c!tur

i!ter;ali!ter;al


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Numerical 1#elli!Numerical 1#elli!

P=er"ul tl "r5P=er"ul tl "r5

- Ha9ar# assessme!t,- Ha9ar# assessme!t,- 'rst case sce!aris,- 'rst case sce!aris,- 3!#ersta!#i! $ast e;e!ts,- 3!#ersta!#i! $ast e;e!ts,- Frecasti! t%e e""ects " $te!tial "uture e;e!ts,- Frecasti! t%e e""ects " $te!tial "uture e;e!ts,- Real-time "recasti! " =a;e-%ei%ts "rm #ista!t- Real-time "recasti! " =a;e-%ei%ts "rm #ista!t

surce e;e!tssurce e;e!ts- De;el$i! #ata*ase " $te!tial lcal surce e;e!ts- De;el$i! #ata*ase " $te!tial lcal surce e;e!ts

"r real time lcal e;e!t "recasti!,"r real time lcal e;e!t "recasti!,

Selecti! " a$$r$riate surces critical "r lcal tsu!amis,Selecti! " a$$r$riate surces critical "r lcal tsu!amis,

3se " a$$r$riate m#elli! tec%!i@ue: *u!#ar3se " a$$r$riate m#elli! tec%!i@ue: *u!#arc!#iti!s: a$$r7imati!s: critical case: etc,c!#iti!s: a$$r7imati!s: critical case: etc,

Cali*rati! =it% %istrical e;e!tsKti#e aue recr#sCali*rati! =it% %istrical e;e!tsKti#e aue recr#s

a#;isa*le,a#;isa*le,

-


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Ta*le " c!te!ts











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CITS3 PROECTCITS3 PROECT

Prcessi! " Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! 1a$s "rPrcessi! " Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! 1a$s "r

t%e C%ilea! Castt%e C%ilea! Cast

Si!ce +8 NT'S %as *ee! $r#uci!Si!ce +8 NT'S %as *ee! $r#uci!

i!u!#ati! c%arts "r t%e mai! $rtsi!u!#ati! c%arts "r t%e mai! $rts t %el$t %el$t%e Ci;il a!# Na; Aut%rities t emere!ct%e Ci;il a!# Na; Aut%rities t emere!c

$la!s a!# mitiate t%e e""ects " tsu!amis,$la!s a!# mitiate t%e e""ects " tsu!amis,

A Numerical simulati! tec%!i@ue tA Numerical simulati! tec%!i@ue t

m#elli! " t%e $te!tial e""ects " tsu!amism#elli! " t%e $te!tial e""ects " tsu!amis

%as *ee! use# i! r#er t e;aluati! tsu!ami%as *ee! use# i! r#er t e;aluati! tsu!ami

ris. i! t%e c%ilea! %ar*ursris. i! t%e c%ilea! %ar*urs,,


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T3NA1I-N c#e =as use#T3NA1I-N c#e =as use#M+M+:: a !umerical "acilita !umerical "acilit

"r t%e m#elli! " !ear "iel# tsu!amis:"r t%e m#elli! " !ear "iel# tsu!amis:

#e;el$e# * Dr, S%ut i! T%.u 3!i;ersit#e;el$e# * Dr, S%ut i! T%.u 3!i;ersit::a$a!: *ase# ! a lea$-"r "i!ite #i""ere!cea$a!: *ase# ! a lea$-"r "i!ite #i""ere!ce

sc%eme a!# i!clu#es t%e e!erati!:sc%eme a!# i!clu#es t%e e!erati!:

$r$aati! a!# ru!-u$ " tsu!ami =a;es *$r$aati! a!# ru!-u$ " tsu!ami =a;es *

mea!s " t%e s%all= =ater =a;e t%er,mea!s " t%e s%all= =ater =a;e t%er,

[1]TUNAMI-N is the acronym for Tohoku Universitys Numerical Analysis Modelfor Investigation of Near-ield Tsunamis!


I3GGKIOC TI1E PROECTI3GGKIOC TI1E PROECT


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Numerical 1#elli!5Numerical 1#elli!5

1#elli! t%e surce 1#elli! t%e surce Eart%@ua.esEart%@ua.es

Assume i!sta!ta!eus u$li"tAssume i!sta!ta!eus u$li"t

Vertical m;eme!t usuall mst im$rta!tVertical m;eme!t usuall mst im$rta!t

Hri9!tal m;eme!t ccasi!all im$rta!tHri9!tal m;eme!t ccasi!all im$rta!t T%e seismic e;e!ts =ere selecte# "rmT%e seismic e;e!ts =ere selecte# "rm

%istrical recr#s " eart%@ua.es ccurre# i!%istrical recr#s " eart%@ua.es ccurre# i!

C%ileC%ile


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1#elli! t%e tsu!ami1#elli! t%e tsu!ami

L! 'a;e e@uati!sL! 'a;e e@uati!sCrilis term !ear "iel# e;e!ts ca! *e #r$$e#Crilis term !ear "iel# e;e!ts ca! *e #r$$e#

?ttm "ricti! term?ttm "ricti! term im$rta!t i! s%all= =ater im$rta!t i! s%all= =ater

N!-li!ear termsN!-li!ear terms im$rta!t i! s%all= =aterim$rta!t i! s%all= =ater

Numerical m#elli! tec%!i@ueNumerical m#elli! tec%!i@ueFi!ite Di""ere!ceFi!ite Di""ere!ce ((recta!ular ri#)recta!ular ri#)

Gri# #e!sit i!creases =it% #ecreasi! =ater #e$t%Gri# #e!sit i!creases =it% #ecreasi! =ater #e$t%


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1#elli!1#elli!

t%ec%!i@ue5t%ec%!i@ue5

Fi!ite Di""ere!ceFi!ite Di""ere!ce

1#elli!1#elli!

Neste# carse t "i!eNeste# carse t "i!e

recta!ular ri#s "recta!ular ri#s "

#i""ere!ts resluti!#i""ere!ts resluti!GRID B 833x833m

GRID C 28x28m

GRID A 24!8x24!8m "#artial $ie%&

GRID D

!3x!3m


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Recta!ularRecta!ular

ri# A " +&ri# A " +&

resluti!resluti!


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Ta*le " c!te!ts











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&umeri$al ModellingResults

N

3INTERO ?AY- GRID 0&

(T%e scale is #e"rme#)

3INTERO ?AY- GRID 0&

TRIDI1ENSIONAL VIE'


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PARA1ETER

ESTI1ATION

Sut%-=ester! cr!er " t%e

ru$ture 9!e

08S


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Distri*uti! " u$li"t a!# su*si#e!ce i! t%e surceDistri*uti! " u$li"t a!# su*si#e!ce i! t%e surce

rei! (ri# +&), +


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0D Numerical Simulati! i! ui!ter *a: C%ile0D Numerical Simulati! i! ui!ter *a: C%ile
http://var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_2/C:%5CMATLAB6p5%5Cbin%5Cwin32%5Cmatlab.exe


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T "acilitate t%e $r#ucti! " t%e tsu!amiT "acilitate t%e $r#ucti! " t%e tsu!ami

"l#i! c%art: a smt% li!e is i!ter$late#"l#i! c%art: a smt% li!e is i!ter$late#

*et=ee! ri# results accr#i! t t%e small*et=ee! ri# results accr#i! t t%e small

scale t$ra$%ic "eatures !t #escri*e# i! t%escale t$ra$%ic "eatures !t #escri*e# i! t%e

0 7 0 m ri#,0 7 0 m ri#,

ui!ter *aui!ter *a ui!ter *aui!ter *a

Ve!ta!asVe!ta!as Ve!ta!asVe!ta!as

Pe!Q!sulaPe!Q!sula

Ls 1llesLs 1llesPe!Q!sulaPe!Q!sula

Ls 1llesLs 1lles


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Ta*le " c!te!ts




0,- Numerical 1#elli!

2,- CITS3 Pr4ect5

Numerical Simulati! " Tsu!amis

6,- Numerical 1#elli! Results5 E7am$les8,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts58,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts5




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.Antofagasta

Puerto Montt.

.Arica

Talcahuano.

Valparaso.

Coquimbo.

CITS3 Pr4ectCITS3 Pr4ect

Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! 1a$s 5 A $la!!i! tlTsu!ami I!u!#ati! 1a$s 5 A $la!!i! tl

Arica

I@ui@ue

Tc$illa - 1e4ill!es

A!t"aasta

Taltal

C%aaral Cal#era - Huasc

La Sere!a C@uim*

Ls Vils - Pa$u#

ui!ter - Via #el 1ar Val$araQs

Alarr* - Sa! A!t!i

C!stituci! - Pe!c - Tm

Lir@u! - Talca%ua!

Sa! Vice!te Cr!el - Le*u

Crral

A!cu#


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Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts

(1ai! $rts al! t%e C%ilea! cast)

Estimate# Tsu!ami I!u!#ati!Estimate# Tsu!ami I!u!#ati!

at I@ui@ue: C%ile: *ase# !at I@ui@ue: C%ile: *ase# !

!umerical m#el results,!umerical m#el results,


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Sa! A!t!iSa! A!t!i

Har*urHar*ur
http://../Presentacion%20San%20Antonio/CITSU_San%20Antonio.PDF


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Gra$%ic a!# P%tra$%ic Re$rtsGra$%ic a!# P%tra$%ic Re$rts

Fl#i! AreasFl#i! Areas


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De;el$me!t " %a9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!:De;el$me!t " %a9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!:

$re$are#!ess a!# res$!se $la!s i! C%ile$re$are#!ess a!# res$!se $la!s i! C%ile

3si! CITS3 $r4ect ma$s Arica: A!t"aasta:3si! CITS3 $r4ect ma$s Arica: A!t"aasta:

Via #el 1ar Emere!c O""ices %a;e #esi!e# aVia #el 1ar Emere!c O""ices %a;e #esi!e# a

Ha9ar# a!# Resurces 1a$ "r eac% tsu!ami ris.Ha9ar# a!# Resurces 1a$ "r eac% tsu!ami ris.

9!e9!e,, Tsu!ami Emere!c a!# E;acuati! Pla!s $re$areTsu!ami Emere!c a!# E;acuati! Pla!s $re$are

a!# e#ucate t%e $$ulati!a!# e#ucate t%e $$ulati! "r alert: cr#i!ate:"r alert: cr#i!ate:

e;aluate: resl;e a!# ta.e $la!s #ecisi! i!terate# te;aluate: resl;e a!# ta.e $la!s #ecisi! i!terate# t

;er!me!t a!# lcal emere!c ae!cies acti!s: s;er!me!t a!# lcal emere!c ae!cies acti!s: s

t%at t%e $$ulati! .!=s =%at t # accr#i! t t%et%at t%e $$ulati! .!=s =%at t # accr#i! t t%earea it li;es,area it li;es,

Arica a!# A!t"aasta %a;e im$leme!te# a sstemArica a!# A!t"aasta %a;e im$leme!te# a sstem

" alarm " Tsu!ami =it% sire!s " earl alert," alarm " Tsu!ami =it% sire!s " earl alert,


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Tsu!ami si!als i!

t%e Via #el 1ar cit

Tsu!ami si!als i!

t%e Via #el 1ar cit


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Tsu!ami si!als i!

Arica cit

Tsu!ami si!als i!

Arica cit


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42Tsu!ami sire!s lcate# i! A!t"aasta a!# Arica $rtsTsu!ami sire!s lcate# i! A!t"aasta a!# Arica $rts


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Ta*le " c!te!ts







6,- Numerical 1#elli! Results5 E7am$les6,- Numerical 1#elli! Results5 E7am$les8,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts8,- Tsu!ami I!u!#ati! C%arts

- H- Ha9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!: $re$are#!essa9ar# mitiati!: $re;e!ti!: $re$are#!ess



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Future Pla!sFuture Pla!s

'it%i! t%e $erati;e c!te7t:'it%i! t%e $erati;e c!te7t: NT'S #!BtNT'S #!Bt

%a;e t%e tec%!ical $era*ilit et t estimate%a;e t%e tec%!ical $era*ilit et t estimate

i! real time t%e $te!tial im$act " tsu!amii! real time t%e $te!tial im$act " tsu!ami

=a;es arri;i! t t%e c%ilea! cast,=a;es arri;i! t t%e c%ilea! cast, Desi! a!# im$leme!t a !umerical m#el "rDesi! a!# im$leme!t a !umerical m#el "r

t%e "recast " ru!-u$s " !ear a!# "ar "iel#t%e "recast " ru!-u$s " !ear a!# "ar "iel#

e;e!tse;e!ts: i! r#er t estimate t%e $te!tial: i! r#er t estimate t%e $te!tial

im$act " tsu!amis ! t%e c%ilea! cast:im$act " tsu!amis ! t%e c%ilea! cast:*ase# ! real time #ata " sea le;el *tai!e#*ase# ! real time #ata " sea le;el *tai!e#

"rm stati!s lcate# clse t t%e surce a!#"rm stati!s lcate# clse t t%e surce a!#

"rm DART *us,"rm DART *us,



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46C'm#'nent( ') *(+nami ,'reca(tC'm#'nent( ') *(+nami ,'reca(t

Pre-computed Forecast

Database of Linear

Propagation Solutions

initial seismic data

tsunameter data



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De;el$ " i!u!#ati! ma$s "r t%ers castal citiesDe;el$ " i!u!#ati! ma$s "r t%ers castal cities" C%ile (CITS3 II $r4ect)" C%ile (CITS3 II $r4ect)

I!clu#e "ar "iel# simulati! a!# =a;e $r$aati! "I!clu#e "ar "iel# simulati! a!# =a;e $r$aati! "tsu!ami eart%@ua.es t=ar# i!sular areas " C%iletsu!ami eart%@ua.es t=ar# i!sular areas " C%ile

Im$r;e t%e m#elli! tec%!i@ue: t%ru% P%ase IIIm$r;e t%e m#elli! tec%!i@ue: t%ru% P%ase II" TI1E $r4ect 5" TI1E $r4ect 5

3si! *etter resluti! =it% "3si! *etter resluti! =it% "i!ite eleme!tsi!ite eleme!ts

Sta*ilit " !umerical cm$utati! "r e7tremeSta*ilit " !umerical cm$utati! "r e7tremeseismic $arameters a!# *r#er c!#iti!s i! t%eseismic $arameters a!# *r#er c!#iti!s i! t%eri#s *u!#arri#s *u!#ar



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48


D/*1

8000

6000

5000

4000

3000

2000

-500

-000

50

500

250

-00

50

0

Fi!iteFi!ite

eleme!teleme!tm#elli!m#elli!

ri#ri#

2aria3le (i4e trian5+lar 5ri6(72aria3le (i4e trian5+lar 5ri6(7

(i4e $arie( %ith 6e#th an6(i4e $arie( %ith 6e#th an6(tr'n5 6e#th c'ntra(t((tr'n5 6e#th c'ntra(t(



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49


Tsu!amis "ar "iel# simulati!Tsu!amis "ar "iel# simulati!

-00AD Ca(ca6ia earth8+a9e "#r'3a3le ma5nit+6e :!& *ran(.aci)ic t(+nami #r'#a5ati'n ; Sata9e et al-00AD Ca(ca6ia earth8+a9e "#r'3a3le ma5nit+6e :!& *ran(.aci)ic t(+nami #r'#a5ati'n ; Sata9e et al

Rece!t Tsu!amisRece!t Tsu!amis


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50

Jan 1, 1996

Wave height: 3.4 mVictims: 9

Sulawesi Is.Nov 14, 1994

Wave height: 7 mVictims: 49

Mindoro Is.Jul 12, 1993


Okushiri !a"an

Feb 17, 1996

Wave height : 7.7 mVictims: 161

Irian !a#a Jul 17, 199Wave height : 1! mVictims: "22##

$a"ua %ew &uinea

Nov 26, 1999Jan 3, 2##2

Wave height: 3 m

Without victims

'anua(u Is.

$ct 9, 199!


!alis)o Me*i)o

%e& 2, 1992Wave height : 1# m

Victims: 17#

%i)ara+ua

Feb 21, 1996

Wave height: ! mVictims: 12

%or(hern $eru

Jun 23, 2##1

Wave height: 2 mVictims: !#

Sou(hern $eru

'ec 12, 1992

Wave height: 26 mVictims: "1###

,lores Is.

Jun 2, 1994

Wave height: 14 m

Victims: 23

!a-a

'ec 26, 2##4

Wave height: 1# mVictims: 36#.###(

Sua(ra

Rece!t Tsu!amisRece!t Tsu!amis

'%e! =ill t%e !e7t Tsu!ami'%e! =ill t%e !e7t Tsu!ami

Eart%@ua.es %a$$e! i! C%ileUEart%@ua.es %a$$e! i! C%ileU


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/ID/ . S1=W/ID/ . S1=W

Tsunami HazardTsunami Hazard

Mitigation and RiskMitigation and Risk

Assessment WorkshopAssessment Workshop

Santiago, ChileSantiago, Chile

29 - 3 Septem!er 2"29 - 3 Septem!er 2"

Tsunami Workshop

Documents

Transcript of Tsunami Workshop