Tsunami DepositsTsunami Deposits

Storms vs. TsunamiStorms vs. Tsunami– Frequency/MagnitudeFrequency/Magnitude– Source?Source?– Event stratigraphy : Event stratigraphy :

Identifying (EQ, Landslides, Storms)Identifying (EQ, Landslides, Storms)– Tsunami fine landwardTsunami fine landward– Storms coarsen landwardStorms coarsen landward– Basinwide synchroneityBasinwide synchroneity

Dating (multiple methods)Dating (multiple methods)Big Boulders (wave energy, Big Boulders (wave energy, inundation)inundation)

Tsunami Deposits (cont’d)Tsunami Deposits (cont’d)

Event GeomorphologyEvent Geomorphology– Ebb and flow channelingEbb and flow channeling– Marsh/barrier alternate models Marsh/barrier alternate models (regions without marsh)(regions without marsh)

– Sediment record (deposition and Sediment record (deposition and erosion)erosion)

Historical/Geological Historical/Geological correlationscorrelations– Mediterranean, Japan, China, etc.Mediterranean, Japan, China, etc.

Tsunami Deposits (cont’d)Tsunami Deposits (cont’d)

Coastal Conservation Coastal Conservation

(Reefs and Mangroves)(Reefs and Mangroves)– Buffers?Buffers?– NGOs and conservationNGOs and conservation– Record of past eventsRecord of past events

Freshwater isotopic record in coral (most Freshwater isotopic record in coral (most storms)storms)

Atoll lagoon coringAtoll lagoon coring Deposition/erosion of reefDeposition/erosion of reef

Seafloor MorphologySeafloor Morphology

Frequency/MagnitudeFrequency/Magnitude– dating (Scarp diffusion, Scotia Margin, dating (Scarp diffusion, Scotia Margin, Industry Data)Industry Data)

– Magnitude power law scaling on Magnitude power law scaling on different marginsdifferent margins

– Landslides (erosional process)Landslides (erosional process)– Earthquakes (energy input)Earthquakes (energy input)

Sediment supply for landslidesSediment supply for landslides– Glacial margins and deltasGlacial margins and deltas– Sea level lowstands (slope deposition)Sea level lowstands (slope deposition)

Seafloor Morphology (cont’d)Seafloor Morphology (cont’d)

Defining landslidesDefining landslides– Morphology- Is it Morphology- Is it reallyreally a a landslide?landslide?

– Populations of varied environmentsPopulations of varied environments– Composite vs. discrete?Composite vs. discrete?– Classification scheme (slide vs. Classification scheme (slide vs. slump, etc.)slump, etc.)

– US West Coast seismic and US West Coast seismic and multibeam (5 or 6 PhDs work!)multibeam (5 or 6 PhDs work!)

Seafloor Morphology (cont’d)Seafloor Morphology (cont’d)

Onshore deposits tied with Onshore deposits tied with offshore eventsoffshore events– Orphan deposits- source?Orphan deposits- source?– Big slides- tsunamigenic?Big slides- tsunamigenic?– Examples- Grand Banks, PNG, Examples- Grand Banks, PNG, Goleta, Lisbon (1755)?Goleta, Lisbon (1755)?

Volcanic sector collapseVolcanic sector collapse– CanariesCanaries– HawaiiHawaii