Tsukuba Innovation Arena Nano Green
Transcript of Tsukuba Innovation Arena Nano Green
May 8, 2012
Jun’ichi SoneNational Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)
“Open innovation platform forenvironment and energy technologies”
Tsukuba Innovation Arena Nano‐Green
Nano‐Green Technology
We are facing serious global issues of energy and environment, such as a global warming, exhausting available fossil fuels, and consuming scarce natural resources. Material science and nanoscience and their engineering are highly expected to provide solutions for them.
NIMS is strengthening the research and development of energyand environment technologies to respond to such social demands.Some of the technologies has been already successfully industria‐lized and some are under development through collaboration with industry.
Development of highly‐efficient phosphor materials for a white LEDsuitable for backlight applications in LCDs and solid‐state lightings.
(Presently, lighting consumes 20% of total energy in Japan) Discovery of highly‐efficient phosphor capability by introducing optically‐
active rare‐earth elements (Eu) into SiAlON SiAlON forms a nm‐scaled cage structure with optically active Eu inside Excited states of d‐electron orbital of Eu can be modulated by the crystal‐
field produced by crystal structure of SiAlON SiAlON phospher enables to emit blue,green, yellow, and red colors, and
provides long lifetime and high temperature stability. Already commercialized by many LCD and LED lamp makers.
SiAlON PhosphorSiAlON Phosphor
β‐SIALONphosphor
α‐SIALON phosphor
CaAlSiN Daylight color
Day white color
White color
Warm white color
Lampcolor
White LED (Varying lighting color by phosphor mixture)
Light emitting center ion
Next Generation Super AlloyNext Generation Super Alloy
Aircraft jet engine
Development of Ni‐based single crystal super alloy through thecollaboration with private enterprises, demonstrating world’s top heat‐resistant characteristics of 1100 ℃
Promising for applications of high performance turbine blade ofjet engines and highly‐efficient combined‐cycle thermal power generation
Contribution to energy saving and CO2 reduction (Almost yearly 1million dollar fuel cost reduction per airplane with increase of operating temperature by 50℃)
Turbine of jet engine
Toward Dy‐free NdFeB magnets
Crystal structure of powder
Single crystal grain
crystal grain boundary
HDDR
Single domain sizeNd2Fe14B phase
IntermetallicsNIMS
?
3D atom probe view
SEM, HRTEM, and 3D atom probeviews of NdFeB magnets
Initialpowder
Diffusionprocessed 3D
atomprobe view
SEM
Increasing demands for high‐performance magnets for motor applications of wind turbines, electric vehicles, and HDDs
Concerns of Dy delivery in (NdDy)FeB high‐performance magnetsDy Price : 600~1000$/kg@2011, 40$/kg@2005
Realization of drastic coercivity‐increase for NdFeB magnets by decoupling ferromagnetic interaction between the crystal grains
Coercivity depends on the microstructure (grain size) of NdFeB magnet powder. HDDR method enables to reduce single crystal grain size almost down to the
magnetic domain size (~250nm) of NdFeB Diffusion of non‐magnetic materials into the grain boundaries of NdFeB powder
TIA Nano-Green Open Innovation Plarform
Technological innovation for serious energy and environment issues cannot be achieved by a single research organization
Implementation of Open Innovation Research Platform in TIA Nano-Green where collaborations among industries, AIST, Univ. of Tsukuba, KEK, centering on NIMS are conducted
Needs for an open innovation research platform aiming at solving common basic problems and challenging high-risk targets through collaboration of industries, universities, and public research institutions in a membership framework
NEEDs for diverse technological expertise and knowledge covering multiple discipline
NEEDs for expensive characterization & fabrication equipments with atomic-level precision along with professionals capable of handling them
TIA Nano-Green Research Platform
Device companies
System companies
Components companies
Equipmentscompanies
Privileges to members
Closed Collaborative
Researchwith a member
company
Industrialization of innovative technology for Energy & environment
accumulated knowledge and technologies for material science and nanoscience
Capable of responding to higher level
corporate needs
Expansion of the fundamental technology portfolio by public competitive funds
Application Oriented Research
Expansion
★Participation in Open innovationarea (Research at Open Lab)★Privileged license of IPs created
at Open Innovation Platform★ Research Progress Report★Research using accumulated
knowledge and technologies, and advanced facilities
★Participation of young talents from universities (Graduate students, Post doctoral fellows, etc)
・Special Members・Ordinary Members・Associate Members・Academia Members・Basic Members
Membercompanies
NIMS
Univ. of Tsukuba
AISTInfrastructure for Material Science
ResearchInforma‐tion
Know‐HowShared use of advanced facilities
IPs
Human Resources
Expansion
NIMS NewNano Green
Building
*)TC: Technology Committee
Academiamembers
**)SC: Standard Committee ***)OL: Open Laboratory
Universities and research institutes
NIMS
Univ. of Tsukuba
AISTExecutive Council
Steering Committee
Industrial Committee
To determine the operation policy and the roadmap of research and standardization
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SC**TC TCTC* ・・・
OL・・・OL*** OL OL
Expansion of technology portfolio by research collaboration with industry
KEK
Open Innovation
<Merit>To be able to create technology seeds which lead to future business, by working with researchers of academia & industry and by gathering wisdom & knowledge globally
Closed CollaborationTIA Nano‐Green
Open Innovation (Open Lab. level)・Information will be shared among members
participating in the same open laboratory・Free license of patents created at the open lab. will be given to members in the lab.
IP belongs to NIMS(Free license to members)
Collaborative Research
NIMS
Member companies
Academia members*
(Membership)(Charged)
・Information is kept confidential・Handling of IPs is defined in the contract
NIMS
<Merit>To be able to accomplish a development goal directly by keeping research content confidential & by excluding researchers exceptassigned ones
Best MixBest Mix
Academia members*: including AIST, KEK. and Univ. of Tsukuba
Closed Collaboration based on the individual contract
Member company
Collaborative Research
The Best Mix of “Open” and “Closed”
(in case of NIMS)
IP created jointly is sharedby both parties
(Company :Free use of shared IP)
(Charged)
Leading edge facilities in NIMS, AIST, and Univ. of Tsukuba areavailable to be used for participating members
Available Leading Edge Facilities
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(Main facilities of Platform for GreenFunctional-Oxide Nanotechnology)・high intensity slow positronbeamline for defect characterization
・X-ray photoelectron spectrometer・ECR sputtering device・Thin film X-ray diffractometer
・microscopic Raman spectrometer・X-ray nanostructure measuring
device・FT-Raman spectrometer・Photoelectronic spectrometer・Ultraviolet-visible absorptance
and reflectivity measuring device
930MHz NMR Magnet, High Magnetic Field Station, NIMS
SPring-8,NIMS maintains a dedicated Beamline (BL15XU),Beamline Station, NIMS(©RIKEN/JASRI)
Scanning Helium Ion Microscope, Low Carbon Research Network, NIMS
Ultra High Resolution TEM,Transmission Electron Microscopy Station, NIMS
Time of Flight SIMS (TOF-SIMS), Low Carbon Research Network, NIMS
User facilities of NIMS(showing some examples below)
User facilities of AIST User facilities of Univ. of Tsukuba
Technologies to solve environment and energy problems
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ElectricEnergy
Thermal Energy
Next generationPower transmission
EV/HV
Fuel cell bus
Safe battery
Smart City
electrolysisHydrogen
Green Building
PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics
Heat resistance materials
Heat resistance materials
Secondary Battery
Secondary Battery
Fuel CellFuel Cell
Artificialphotosynthesis
Artificialphotosynthesis
Thermoelectric Conversion
Thermoelectric Conversion
Solar light
Thermal power plant
Thermal Insulation/ Conducting
Thermal Insulation/ Conducting
Fuel
Environmentally friendly materials
Saving Energy
Mine
Critical metal free (Pt etc.)Precious rare earth element free
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Major Research Themes
Materials for Secondary Battery * Enhancement of performance and reliability of Lithium battery* Development of Lithium air rechargeable battery
Materials for Fuel Cells* Enhancement of performance and reliability of fuel cells
Materials for Photovoltaics* Development of quantum-structured and organic photovoltaics
Common Fundamental Technology for Battery Materials* In-situ observation and control of interface structure and chemical reaction * Modeling and simulation for interface structure and chemical reaction
Materials for Thermoelectric Conversion*Development of methods to enhance ZT
Thermal Management Technology*Development of heat-resistance & thermal insulation materials and their coating tech.*Development of analytical methods for thermal properties
Control of Electric Energy Flow
Control of Thermal Energy Flow
Energy Saving Technology
Spintronics Materials for Electronic and Magnetic Applications
TC-A : Materials for battery
TC
TC-B : Materials for thermal energy conversion
TC-C : Energy-saving magnetic materials
Technology committeeResearch themes in Open Lab.
Based on deep understanding of dynamic phenomena at solid /gas, solid/liquid and solid/solid interfaces in batteries with use of in-situ observation and modeling & simulation techniques,1) To solve common basic problems related to the performance
and reliability issues of batteries,2) To challenge high-risk targets aiming at future applications
Ex. Lithium air rechargeable battery Efficient non-Pt catalyst for fuel cells
Laboratory of Materials for BatteriesTC-A
Objectives
Dynamic simulation at the interface of TiO2/Dye and electrolyte under light irradiation
In‐situ characterization of chemicalreaction at interface of solid/electrolyte
Goal: Li-air battery with ten times energy density and one-tenth cost
Energy saving house with all direct current electricity
supply
EV capable of running 500 km
Smart Grid
Lithium-Air Rechargeable Batterythat accelerates energy shift
In order to make the most use of natural energy and to spread electric vehicles, existence of large-capacity and low-cost rechargeable batteries is essential. Lithium-air rechargeable battery has a potential for big improvement of energy density and drastic cost down.
13Maximization of energy densityMaximization of power densityLow cost
(E=3.1 V)
Battery technology using advanced materials
TC-A
Strategy: Concurrent implementation of basic research to understand chemical reaction and cell developments with new material
Cathode: 2Li+ + 2e‐ + O2 ↔ Li2O2Anode: Li ↔ Li+ + e‐
automobiles
Total energy supply in Japan 2.4×1019 J in 2005
Thermoelectric conversion
Needs for thermoelectric conversion materials
factories incineratorspower plants
Electricity!
Effective energy : 34%Energy loss/waste heat
High‐efficiency TE materials composed of nontoxic and naturally‐abundant elements to replace Bi2Te3 , PbTe
High‐efficiency TE thin films with ZT >2~3 to expand TE applications High temperature TE materials for large‐scale power generation to utilize factory waste heat, and combustive thermal power and solar thermal power
Focused Areas
TC-B
Development of new TE materials New routes for higher conversion efficiency
“Nano/microstructure control”
Award
“Discovery of n-type BC based alloy awaited for more than 20 years by adding some elements to BC,forming an atomic
network structure”
“Common light element”
BC
OxidesOxidation resistance
SilicidesHomo-logous
Development of TE materials for wide-scale application
Growing interest in thermoelectric conversion materials in these daysdue to the progress in the nanotechnology and material science
• Band engineering• Confinment effect in QW• Rattling effect in cage structure
MBCN
p‐type n‐type
Netw
ork Structure
“Enhancement of ZT value through grain-size control of additives”
Leading edge technology in material synthesis and characterization
He‐ion microscope FIB‐SEM TEM High‐temp. MBE
High‐temp.High‐presureSP sintering
4 Tbit/in2 10×10 nm2
Energy Saving Magnetic Material
Magnetic Storage (HDD)
Target of Spintronics MaterialHigh‐density magnetic storage mediaHigh‐sensitivity MR devicesNew magnetic material with high spin‐polarization
TC-C
High‐density perpendicularmagnetic recording media Synthesis of half metal material
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Joining open Innovation platform of advanced research domain allows companies to develop future technology in an effective way
Researchers in universities and public research institutes can find valuable scientific subjects which industry or society demands
4 elements which make TIA nanogreen open innovation attractive
(1) Meeting place (cross-industry, industry-academia, and different research fields)Achieving unexpected innovations by working with researchers with various expertise, knowledge, and motivations, and by understanding industrial demands
(2) Advanced facilities with an expert group capable to operate them fullyAccess to the advanced facilities of NIMS, AIST and the Univ. of Tsukuba as well as obtain supports from experts capable to operate them fully
(3) Strategic investment by the national governmentEndorsed in the 21 National Strategic Projects outlined in the New Growth Strategy 2011, TIA-nano, a joint program between two Ministries, MEXT and METI, receives national strategic investments of Japan
(4) Fostering of young scientists expected to play a leading role in the next generation
To construct sustainable cycle of science-technology-industry by fostering young talented scientists
Attractive Features of TIA Nano-Green Open Innovation Platform
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Observation
Analysis
Sample
LightHeat
Vacuum
Atmosphere
Atmosphere ( Gas, Humidity) Temperature, Electrochemical characterization
Small space to characterize and simulate surface/interface
phenomena
TEM
Material
Environment To see To simulate
Potential
World‐class NIMS Facilities
Environment Cell
Advanced Characterization and Simulation Techniques being developed in NIMS GREEN
One of TIA Nano‐Green Core Programs : 10‐year MEXT Program (2009‐2018, 5M$/year)
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Attractive Features of TIA Nano-Green Open Innovation Platform
1. World leading researchersGathering of researchers in the field of materials, where Japan holds the strength, to challenge and tackle common and fundamental research issues relating to environment and energy technology.
2. A platform for interactions between industries, academia and public institutions across interdisciplinary areas.Achieving unexpected innovations by working with multi-skilled researchers understanding industrial demands and having awareness of the issues.
4. Flexibility in the management of intellectual properties (IPs) Entitlement of royalty free license for IPs arose from open collaborative research. Also the sharing of IPs between inventors is possible in the closed collaborative research.
5. World leading experts having perfect command of advanced facilities.Access to the most advanced facilities of NIMS, AIST and the Univ. of Tsukuba as well as obtain supports from our team of experts.
6. A strategic initiative of JapanEndorsed in the 21 National Strategic Projects outlined in the New Growth Strategy 2011, TIA-nano, a joint program between two Ministries, MEXT and METI, receives national strategic investments of Japan.
3. A training camp for the development of next generation leadersAchieving sustainable creation of new industries upon the scientific and technological foundation together with a joint effort in the training of next generation talents.
StrategyStrategy Powerful research and development scheme driven by
“basic research” and “cell development” as two wheels
Spring‐8 NIMS‐BL
In‐situ observation and analysis by “environment cell”
Crystal structure analysis
In‐situ XAFS, XPS
Environmental control probe microscope
Environment‐responsive TEM
Scanning Helium ion microscope
TEM
FIB
Prediction and analysis by the first‐principle calculations
Electrochemical Simulation
Origination of new materialsNano‐carbon, graphene
Ionic liquid
basic research
Maximization of energy densityMaximization of power densityLow cost
Cathode: 2Li+ + 2e‐ + O2 ↔ Li2O2Anode: Li ↔ Li+ + e‐
(E=3.1 V)NMR
SR
SPM
Battery integration technology using advanced materials
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Challenges of Lithium-Air Battery
① Accelerate oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at cathode
(1) to increase the power density
② Enlarge surface area of cathode
(2) to ensure reversibility (cycle characteristic)
Power density (W/kg) = reaction rate (W/m2) x electrode surface area (m2/kg)① ②
Understanding reaction mechanism, effect of catalyst/solvent
Development of super porous electrode (nano‐carbon, graphene etc.)
Understanding reaction mechanism of charging (resolution of Li2O2)Optimizing cathode structure
(3) to suppress the dendrite growth at Li anode(4) to shut off moisture, CO2 etc. (5) durability, safety, etc.
(From basic to implementation, problems are piled up)
Cathode: 2Li+ + 2e- + O2 ↔ Li2O2Anode: Li ↔ Li+ + e- (E = 3.1 V)
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Advanced Characterization and Simulation Techniques being developed in NIMS GREEN
Three Programs in TIA Nano-Green Domain: TIA Nano-Green Open Innovation Platform Center of Materials Research for Low Carbon Emission
Global Research center for Environment and Energy based on Nanomaterials Science (GREEN)
Dry
Solid‐Gas‐Light
Wet
Solid‐Water‐Light
To see To simulate
Materialsfor Energy Flow from Sunlight
Nanotechnology
Fundamentalsfor Future
10‐year ProgramSponsored by MEXT, Japan2009‐2018, 5M$/y
Dry
Solid‐Gas‐Light
Wet
Solid‐Water‐Light
To see To simulate
Environment CellCharacterization & Simulation
Complex/ Large‐scale computation
Ion dynamicsIon Diffusion, catalytic reaction
DFT, QM/MM, O(N)
Electron dynamicsCharge transfer, redox reactionsTime‐dependent DFT, DFT‐MD
Macroscopic dynamicsNanostructure evolution
Phase‐field method, CL‐MD
LiFePO4TiO2 Solid‐Solid Solid‐GasSolid‐Liquid
Transition Metal Oxides Interface Structure and Reaction
Surface Nanoprobe
High TemperatureGas Atmosphere
Reaction Nano‐analysis
Reaction Nano‐analysis
Structural Nano‐analysis
Structural Nano‐analysis
Confocal STEM
State Nano‐analysis
State Nano‐analysis
Photo‐irradiation
Ultra –clean Field
3‐D Nano‐analysis3‐D Nano‐analysis
Environment Cell
Surface/Interface Dynamic Phenomena under LightSurface/Interface Dynamic Phenomena under Light
Multi‐Characterization
主要な64大学・公立研究機関
主要な64大学・公立研究機関
External Funds from Industry ,Patent applications and License Income
企業等からの資金
年 度
獲得
金額
/ 億
円(100M Yen
)
0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.6
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 1.0 0.7
0.7 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.9 0.6 0.6
1.9
3.2
0.0
0.1 2.7
4.1 5.5
4.7 5.5
8.3 7.0
6.3
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 0.1 0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
H13 H14 H15 H16 H17 H18 H19 H20 H21 H22
寄付 受託研究、財団助成
特許実施料 資金提供型共同研究
クリープ試験
1.11.9
3.9
5.5
6.9 6.8 7.1
10.1 9.9
11.0
NIMS
NIMS
Funds from Industries, etc.
Amou
nt / 100MYen
Fiscal Year 20102001
Reference: University Technology Transfer Survey in FY2010
Num
ber o
f Paten
t ap
plications per 100
researchers
License Income
(M¥/ 100 researchers)
64 Universities and Public Institutions
64 Universities and Public Institutions
Coalition of Academia around TIA Nano-Green
AIST Univ. of Tsukuba
CMSI2)
(K computer)
EMPA1)-ETH, KIT4 Universities Consortium @
Kawasaki5)(Univ. of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute of
Technology, Keio University, WasedaUniversity)
RIKEN
NIMSTIA Nano-Green
Low-Carbon Research Network
・Univ. of Tokyo HubKyoto Univ. Hub
・15 Satellites
TIA Coalition Universities
・Tokyo Univ. of Science・Shibaura Institute of
Technology
1) Federal institute of Switzerland for materials science and technology (A sister institute of NIMS)
2) Computational Material Science Initiative
WMRIF3)
3) World Material Research Institute Forum
KEK4)
4) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization275) 4 universities nano micro fabrication consortium
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代表的な研究成果
サイアロン蛍光体青色発光ダイオードを用いて効率よく発光させることが可能。「白色LED照明」の材料として、多彩な白色発光を実現。
ニッケル基単結晶超合金民間企業との協力により開発、世界最高耐用温度1100℃を実現。環境負荷低減ジェットエンジン等の高温部材に適用。
ナノシートグラファイト、マイカ等の層状化合物を、層一枚ごとに剥離して得られる新タイプのナノ物質。多くの物質のナノシート合成に成功し、コーティング、記憶媒体等への応用を進める。
Major Research AchievementsMajor Research Achievements
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Development of new nanofabrication technique based on Nanosheets.
Creation of new materials with superior performancein electronic, magnetic, and chemical functionalities.
Manufacture of a white light emitting diode (LED) suitable for backlight applications in liquid crystal displays which expand the color reproduction region.
Superior in durability and high temperature stability.Low power consumption and long lifetime andmercury‐free.
Highly efficient combined cyclepower generation.
Promising high performance turbineblade for jet engine.
Contribution to energy saving and CO2reduction.
Next Generation Super Alloy
SiAlON Phosphor
Nanosheet
Nanosheet
2.5
00
00.5
0.5
(nm)
The Best Mix of “Open” and “Closed” Open Innovation Area (Open lab.*level)・Information will be shared among TC members・Free license of patents created at the open area
(at a TC) will be given to TC members
Open Innovation Area
NIMS
Member companies
IP belongs to NIMS(Free license to members)
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NIMS
Closed Collaborative Research Area
Collaborative Research(Charged)
Participating companies
IP shared by collaborators(Collaborators: Free use of shared IP)(Non-collaborators: charged license)
Best MixBest MixCollaborative
Research(Free of charge)
Closed Collaborative Research Area:・Information will be kept confidential・Patents created jointly are shared by NIMS and participating companies
MeritTo be able to create technology seeds which lead to future business, by working with talented researchers of academia & industry.
MeritTo be able to quickly accomplish a development goal by pursuing confidential and intensive research
Organization Chart of TIA Nano-Green
Executive Board
Steering Board
Secretariat
Open Innovation Initiative
Secretariat
ExecutiveCouncil
TC* TC TC
Chairperson: President of NIMSMembers: One from AIST, and Univ. of Tsukuba, NIMS,
and one from special members
TC*:Technology Committee
Suggestion
Suggestion
3
Open Lab
Open Lab
Open Lab
StandardCommittee
(SC)
TIA Nano-Green
・・・・・
Open Lab
Nano Green WG・NIMS・AIST・Univ. of Tsukuba・Special members(all as corporations)
Research themes will be expanded when needed
TC and SC seminars will be held for the members(Information will be shared in TIA Nano‐Green)
Acquiring competitive funds (JST, NEDO, etc) by a TC
If standardization is necessary for
market penetration, SC will be established
Chairperson: Vice President of NIMSMembers: NIMS, AIST, Univ. of Tsukuba, Special members,
and TC and SC directors
Industrial Committee
Steering Committee
Chairperson: Nominated by Executive Council ChairpersonMembers: Special, ordinary and associate members
・Approval of members・New establishment or revision or abolition of TCs and SCs・Decision of themes of TC and SC・Approval of the roadmap of TC and SC・Approval of the budget of each TC and each SC・Holding TC seminars and SC seminars
Decision
Deliberation
Technologies expected in solving environment and energy problems
32Rare earth free
(Dy etc.)
Fundamental materials
ElectricEnergy
Thermal Energy
Next generationPower transmission
EV/HV
Fuel cell bus
Safe battery
Local power transmission
EV/HV
electrolysisHydrogen
Green Building
PhotovoltaicsPhotovoltaics
Heat resistance materials
Heat resistance materials
Secondary Battery
Secondary Battery
Fuel CellFuel Cell
EnvironmentalCatalyst
EnvironmentalCatalyst
MagnetMagnet
Artificialphotosynthesis
Artificialphotosynthesis
Thermoelectric Conversion
Thermoelectric Conversion
Super conductivity
Super conductivity
Solar light
Thermal power generation
Mine
Thermal insulation materials
Thermal insulation materials
NaturalresourcesRare metal
free(Platinum etc.)
Solar thermal Power generationSolar thermal
Power generation
Fuel
2A1. QW film fabrication
World record replacement materials
Surpassing the Tradeoff
2A2. Traditional high ZT materials + organics
Systematic Investigation of
Confinement Effects
Film form→Wide application
Usage of ubiquitousdispersed waste heat
2B1. Film processes 2B2. Cost reduction
High ZT
・Applicative processes
Micro-structure
QW
BC/SiGe
SrTiO BiTe≈Element strategy:Functionalizing common light
elements
NIMS Micro-structure control
seeds
NIMS Atomic network control
seeds
QW high TE performance films
Confinement Effects
15+ Invited Lectures at Large Int. Conf.
Award
BUT elements
2. High performance TE films
Development of film tech.
Newly installed various film apparatus
1A4. Nano-micro-structure control
electrode
TE
1B2. Electrodes,evaluation techniques
Surpassing the Tradeoff
-1.0
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-0.6
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-0.2
0.0
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1.0
X U Z Y S R TY
E
E= -0.06eV
Y
Z
S
TR
X Y
Z
S
U TR
X
U
U R
1A3. Control of network structure
1B1. Low cost, common constituents, low cost processes
・Elemental strategy: Highly functionalizing common light elements
・Developing mechanisms for high ZT
1A1. Strong correlationNovel Fe compounds
1A2. Band Engineering
Striking properties Control of pn
Enhancing present high ZT materials
・Applicative processes1B3. Module,
jointing
20 year old problem solved
Award
Utilizing NIMS’original seeds
・Helium ionmicroscope
・FIB-SEM・TEM-ARM
Low carbonnetwork
1A5. Fully unexplored materials: Organic, etc.
Novel materials
1. Bi2Te3 replacement materials
MB17CN MB28.5C4MB22C2N
n-type!
n-type!
n-type!
p-type
20+ years
Emin et al. (1984)
Bridgingsites!
MB25e.g
.
Boron carbide (one of few previously commercialized TE)
Discovery of counterpart awaited for more than 20 years!
T. Mori et al.
Example: IA3. Breakthrough achieved by Network structure control
Only intrinsic p-type for boron icosahedral compounds
Intrinsic!
Non-doped, non-optimised “as-is” values:
Novel cage silicides
Silicide but high oxidation resistance up to 1500 K!
Intrinsic low thermal conductivity from “rattling”
Novel homologous oxides
Easy TE property control through Redox
Embedded low thermal conductivity
ZT~0.6@1000 K ZT↑ as T↑ZT>1.5?@1500 K
Indium-free TCO
n-type oxideProperties may be more promising than IZO
Factory waste heat, focused solar power, RTG, etc.
3A1. Bipolaronics 3A2. High temperature conduction
mechanisms 3B2. Cascade modules3B1. Low cost processes(wet, etc.)
Surpassing the tradeoff
also: Promising novel materials
3. High temperature TE
・Applicative processes
3. High temperature
TE
1. Bi2Te3replacementmaterials
Supply of promising new mat.
2. High efficiencyTE films
3. High temp.TE
TargetsNew routes for functionalization
II.Strategy for Thermal Management
Large scale power generation, also RTG
Nano-microstructure control
Award
Seeds+Strategy+State of the Art Analysis
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X U Z Y S R TY
E
E= -0.06eV
Y
Z
S
TR
X Y
Z
S
U TR
X
U
U R
・Band Engineering20 year old problem of pn solved
“Element friendly”
B, C
Oxides
ZT~0.6@1000KZT>1.5?@1500K
Conventional Bi2Te3 systems also
Fe
Strongly correlated
・Confinement effect
Oxidation resistance
Silicides LT~RT~200℃
Surpassing the tradeoff
Increased applicability
Homo-logous
・Development of advanced measurement methodsControl and evaluation of Interface Effects
New methods to control thermal conductivity in materials
・Novel principles
・Field activated thermal conductivity
Symmetry Mismatch EffecAtomic dumbells, etc.
I. Strategy for developing TE materials for wide-scale application
NIMS: The “One-stop World Center” for
Advanced Materials Development
Previous problems: 1. Projects were vertically structured 2. NP was too “early” Nanotech + rapid developments in materials science
NIMS seeds!
Time is ripe fora Breakthrough (Novel material synthesis・Analysis・Process)
Worldwiderace now ignited!
Novel principles and effective methods to control TCFor example:
k>
b) Rattling not limited to cages
c) “Symmetry Mismatch
Effect”
d) Disorder in networke) Atomic Pairs
a) Crystal complexity
Ref: T. Mori in: Modules, Systems and Applications, (Taylor & Francis, London, 2012 in press) .
Nano-microstructure control: grain engineering/phonon
Large pulse current
eg. SPS
High power8000 AHigh pressure12 ton press
~2400 oC
Fine powder
Fine microstructure
e.g. 600K/mi
Exampl
e
Applicationadditives ・Helium ion
microscope・FIB-SEM・TEM ARM
Low carbon network
II. Strategy for Thermal Management
II.1 Advanced measurement and evaluation methods for thermal conductivity
II.2 Advanced control over heat
II.1 Novel principles
II.2 Environment modulated thermal conductivity
II.3 Interfaces (hybrid materials, coating)
Foundation!
Development of environment modulated thermal materials
Basics of thermal conductivity measurement
RT(25C)
1000C
Temperature
Scale
Interface,film
Fiber, film, sheet
nm mm mm
Plate, bulk, multilayer
ω , 2ω
LaserPIT
ai-Phase
Laser Flash
NIMS seeds:Evaluation of Thermal Boundary Resistance
基板
T(0)AC: q,w Film
Interface
Heating mode 1:Current heating
Heating mode 2:Cyclical heating
Thermo-reflectancemethod (surface temp.)
TA;
dCC
RC
eQdcosT
f
f
ss
ff
ss
i
A
1
2 0
4
f
f
ss
ff dCC
RR
10
Y. Xu, R. Kato, M. Goto, J. Appl. Phys. 108, 104317 (2010)R. Kato, Y. Xu, M. Goto: Jpn, J. Appl. Phys. in press.
NBCI-TIAナノグリーン検討会
Prediction of Thermal Boundary Resistance
• Mechanism of thermal boundary resistance: Phonon scattering and reflectanceModelling and calculation Dependence on Debye temperature
44
TIA Nano-Green Membership 1.Classification and duty of membership and major commodities
< Industry member>* Special Member:to take a part in operation of TIA Nano Green by participating in Steering
Committee, to attend TC and SC meetings, free participation in 3 TCs, can send 3 persons for each OL, and free license of IPs created in the participating Open Lab
* Ordinary Member:to give advices on operation of TIA Nano Green by participating in Industrial Committee, to attend TC and SC meetings, free participation in 1 TC, can send 2 persons for each TC, and free license of IPs created in the participating Open Lab
* Associate Member:(limited to the companies with capital of less than 100 million JPY)to participate a research in Open Innovation AreaFree participation in 1 TC, can send one person to one OL, and free license of IPs created in the participating Open Lab
* Basic Member:to obtain information from Open Innovation AreaAttendance in TC seminars and SC seminars
<National Institutes and University members>* Academia Member: to engage in operation of TC and SC and free participation in TCs, number of
persons to participate in an Open Lab is subject of discussion2.Membership fee and fees to join an additional TC
* Special Member: 20 million JPY/year and 5 million JPY/year per additional (from 4th) TC* Ordinary Member: 10 million JPY/year and 5 million JPY/year per additional (from 2nd) TC* Associate Member: 3 million JPY/year (limited to the companies with a capital of less than
100 million JPY) and 3 million JPY/year per additional (from 2nd) TC * Basic Member: 2 million JPY/year (1 million JPY/year for the companies with a capital of less
than 100 million JPY) * Academia Member: No charge
45
A Goal of TIA Nano-GreenContribution to the establishment of a low-carbon society on the foundation of environmental technology accumulated by the National Institute for Materials Science
45
NIMS, as core institute, and AIST, Univ. of Tsukuba, and industries collaborates under open-innovation environment on research and development of high-efficiency, low-cost, low resource restrictive and innovative solar power generation materials, high-performance energy conversion and storage materials (such as fuel cells, thermoelectric conversion materials, secondary cells, energy saving magnetic materials etc.), and environmental reclamation materials with a light environmental burden.
Establishment of innovative material technology for environment and energy
to create a low carbon societySecondary
Cell
Environmentalreclamation
Thermoelectric conversion
Utilizingnanotechnology
NIMS
Industries
AIST University of Tsukuba
Nano-GreenBreakthrough in material
technology
Improving fundamental and generic/infrastructural technologyMaterial development by basic comprehension and control of phenomenaStrong cooperation and fusion in theoretical calculations and experimentsComprehending surface and interface phenomena, and reinforcing control technology for them
EV mortor
Next-generation auto material
Dye-sensitized solar cell
Fuel cell
Solar power generation
Aircraft jet engine
Heat‐resistantmaterial
Energy Saving Magnetic Materials
TIA Nano-Green Membership
461) One person from each company (representing the company) can participate in a TC2) Nomination by the chairperson of the executive council is required
Member Special Ordinary Associate Basic Academia
Enrollment limit Limited - - - -
Membership fee/year 20 million 10 million - 2 million -
Membership fee/year (for companies with capital of less than
100 million JPY)- 10 million 3 million 1 million -
the steering committee Yes No No No No
the industrial committee Yes Yes No No No
the TC/SC Seminars Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Free participation in a TC1) Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Annual fee to join an additional TC 5 million/TC 5 million/TC 3 million/TC - -
Can be TC and SC chair person2) Yes Yes No No Yes
TC and SC open lab Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Number of researcher for each open lab 3 2 1 - negotiable
Acquisition of a doctoral degree Yes Yes Yes - Yes
Use of RA system of NIMS Cooperative Graduate Program Yes Yes Yes No Yes
Use of patents created at Open Lab (OL)
(Non-exclusive licensing arrangement)
Free licensing of patents created in Participating
OL
Free licensing of patents created in Participating
OL
Free licensing of patents created in Participating
OL
Charged
Free licensing only for
research and education purpose
(Money mount is before-tax value)