TRP Chapter 5.3 1 Chapter 5.3 Safe operations and safety management.
TRP Chapter 6.8 1 Chapter 6.8 Site selection for hazardous waste treatment facilities.
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Transcript of TRP Chapter 6.8 1 Chapter 6.8 Site selection for hazardous waste treatment facilities.
TRP Chapter 6.8 1
Chapter 6.8Site selection for hazardous waste
treatment facilities
TRP Chapter 6.8 2
Site selection and the planning process
Site selection
National strategy
Regional strategy
Action Plan
To establish need for one or more facilities
Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
Feasibility study
TRP Chapter 6.8 3
Broad considerations for site selection
Requires systematic screening to address:
•Technical and scientific aspects eg
•geological
•environmental
•engineering
•Economic issues
•Regulatory factors
•Public acceptance
Siting is not exclusively a technical challenge
TRP Chapter 6.8 4
Public resistance to site selection
Public is generally concerned about hazardous waste.
Other specific concerns:• Past experience• Anxiety about health & environmental impacts • Low confidence in science and technology• Mistrust of outsiders• Lack of trust in regulatory agencies• Concern about effects on quality of life • NIMBY
TRP Chapter 6.8 5
Public participation
Aims to: • Promote public awareness of waste management
situation in general, hazardous waste in particular• Promote public understanding of the need for this
facility• Inform the public of the stages for this project• Communicate with the public to get their views
Sucessful siting should:
- be understood and accepted by the public
- include opportunities for compensation where appropriate
TRP Chapter 6.8 6
Preliminary needs assessment
• Amount of waste generated and any variations in quantity eg seasonal
• Type of waste
• Potential for reduction, recycling & recovery
• Imports and exports
Must take account of:
• data reliability
• illegal disposal
TRP Chapter 6.8 7
Responsibility for site selection
• Government:
Waste management policy & legislation
Planning Information to public• Regulatory authority:
Licensing, inspection & monitoring
Assess environmental and health impacts• Developer:
Select & acquire appropriate site
Select appropriate technology
Finance, design, build (and operate) facility
Local stakeholders must also be involved
TRP Chapter 6.8 8
Goals of site selection
• is technically suitable
• minimises health risks
• minimises environmental impacts
• maximises public acceptability
• minimises costs
Identification of a site which:
TRP Chapter 6.8 9
Different approaches to site selection
•Voluntary approach - where communities compete to host facility
•Participative or technical approach - where informed decision is reached on best site, despite community resistance
TRP Chapter 6.8 10
Voluntary approach
Starts with assumption that one or more communities will accept facility - consultation begins early
•Public & local government are informed of objectives
•Detailed discussion of project with regional planners, local government and interest groups
•Overview study of potential sites - results published
•Candidate sites identified and discussed - citizens committees formed
•Detailed exploration of specific sites conducted - results published
•One site is selected
•The process of securing final approval begins
TRP Chapter 6.8 11
Participative (technical) approach
• Screening and exclusionary criteria formulated
• Candidate areas chosen, unsuitable areas eliminated, by
large-area mapping (scale 1:250,000)
• Promising areas identified with larger scale maps (1: 25,000)
• Screening criteria used to evaluate potential host areas
• Candidate sites chosen
• Preferred sites chosen and studied
• One site selected
• Process of securing final approval begins
Starts by identifying a number of potentially suitable sites before involving the public
TRP Chapter 6.8 12
Stages in the process
•Constraint mapping
•Information sources
•Exclusion criteria
•Walk-over surveys
•Conceptual designs
•Preferred site investigation
•Feasibility studies
•Environmental impact assessment (EIA)
TRP Chapter 6.8 13
Constraint mapping
Siting criteria include:
Physical constraints eg soils, surface water, stability
Ecological constraints eg flora & fauna
Human values eg recreation, landscape
Land use eg agricultural value, development potential
Waste disposal suitability eg access, proximity to waste generators
TRP Chapter 6.8 14
Information sources Data sources for desk-based screening include:• Cartographic authority• Government transport and land planning
departments• Water supply authority• Geological institutes• Aviation authority• Hydrology and meteorology institutes• Government ministries• Municipalities
TRP Chapter 6.8 15
Exclusion criteria
Used to remove possible sites from long list
Examples - exclude from list if:• >2km from public highway• located on river flood plain• land reserved for other uses• <200m from residences• <5km from airport• inside microwave transmitter exclusion zone• located on active geological fault
TRP Chapter 6.8 16
Walk-over surveys
• Essential part of process• Enable more realistic assessment of site
conditions• Take less than a day• Do not involve sub-surface investigation• Data is recorded eg on checklist
TRP Chapter 6.8 17
Conceptual designs
• Must be developed for each short-listed candidate site
• Outline drawings only• Used for estimating
– capacity– costs– extent of engineering work needed– impact on waste collection system– any likely additional resources eg vehicles, transfer
stations
TRP Chapter 6.8 18
Preferred site investigation
Issues to be investigated:• Geo-technical conditions including seismic and
slope stability• Topographic land survey• Groundwater and surface water quality and levels• Geological and geo-chemical conditions for
foundation engineering and earthworks• Quantities of soil to be moved• Natural ecology• Ambient noise levels
TRP Chapter 6.8 19
Feasibility report
• physical & natural environment (see also Environmental Impact Assessment)
• technical appropriateness• economic justification and viability• social acceptability• legal compliance
Feasibility report starts with description of site selection processDemonstrates suitability of site and chosen technology regarding:
TRP Chapter 6.8 20
Environmental Impact Assessment
EIA is used to:
Identify which activities likely to give rise to significant adverse impacts
Prompts: appropriate mitigation measures
ORrejection of site
TRP Chapter 6.8 21
Chapter 6.8 Summary
• Site selection comprises:
•Technical and scientific aspects
•Economic issues
•Regulatory factors
•Public acceptance
• Siting is not exclusively a technical challenge
• Responsibility is shared: government, regulatory authority, developer, other stakeholders
• It should be a staged process