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ONTENTS

C F CG QUU 6 F GV WR CR 6 RFC G 2 UR 2 G 27 BC 2 F YG C URC F RC F 6 FW 7 R QUU B

C F Boy-togued Fsh Freshwater Bu tterfyfsh Eephtfsh Caracs Hatchetfsh Gymotd Ees o Kfefs Eectrc Ees or Kfe Ees Carp ad

Mows Gyroch eds oacs Spy Catfsh Cachthyd Arm ored Catfs Suckermouted Armored Catfsh Bajo Catfsh Gass Catfsh Pmeodd or dpose F Catfsh Bagrd Catfs abyrth Catfsh Upsdedow Catfsh Ectrc Catfsh Hafeaks Sckebacks, Sea horses, ad pefshes fsh or Tooted Ca rp Fou r-eyed Fsh vebearers Gassfsh Tgerfsh Sufsh Fgerfsh Acherfsh Agus Fsh eaf Fsh Cchds Mudskppes abyrthfshes Sversdes Soes Spy Ees uffers

R FR X

C

ve ie h r oldfish was kpt ca ptive h n or h housa nd yea rs ago, the eep­in h ha rown stead i y i n popu la rity . e end d roit o the pa r o enthusast u r­ing the e eades has resu l ed i more nfo­aon a eq u ipe beoming ava i ab e r the m i l l ion hoby l l ver the wor ld

Srese a poblems of everyday iv ing a r s l r wath nderwate pectaces i yr l iv ing room . A aquar um toked wth fish an p a nts provides ast g and cnt nus entera in e nd the g rat fica t o ta co rom creatin yo r wn mi iature underwaer wor d s wihou o

F ih r n ique pe hey do not m a ke oises, run l re us o d or chew u p yor avort ai r o er For e r ce o on or o a o et oo you a bu a bea uu roca a or ho ro h b t oter ets ge

r l l l w q uar i. Ma ny owner have ta ught he i pe to e rom hei r fingers or to swim to the rae t re i their han or to be petted . f her ffpig re ied nd od, pes ca n more than y hir ro b d .

An quar ium a dds o home's eo an ai ntene i iffiut qur u m hou l d e a rra ngd with care prior o purchasi ng ny sh

Whe eolg i pr ncip les a re be ng onsidee eroul est l ihin a nd mainta in ing an quar­ ee h re h iple hoby. Or i­i q ehni i n dy the

4

aquaium as iv ttaimet t a ms

sd sss n d n i ind is sid wd Exincd, ssin c­iss is ih b i ion in g sid nks s sc f od o ns Tis is sib incs i b i nd­nisd s.

5

C G Q

h rt tn k poib I n enr th p h hv he ettr thy do Ao it hi t ke re t n k e n Different pei r hi tiviti wh n p d nA p t bby ppe rq u i re oni ly p thn tn th odh p n id to tht it l ot i po ib trit ddin nw i n hb itn t th t nk n tr vo oo ti ized

h lt tn k n whih on h d nvt tn n w n k i too niv or th ok r r in wr d or ti iiv r ondhn r

NON-TOXIC SEALANT shud bus o pv o sp aksOf sag a b s d p c, bu ha a k s u ppsb usd sa m xcsssaa ca b ff h azo bad B cafu o scac h g ass o asc

6

Pu h aquaum a d,c a pac ad a sa o a s fo a as w ks T ag aquau aad wa oa h wk b usg a ks a d aquau csmms b sad b f g a k s ow

Sa a sas aqua u saa a ca b bug a p sop

AQUARIUMS

Z of a q ua rium va r . Recangu n k with ta i n e-stee fra me and g a id a re he kd o recom mended hee a re reatve h ow k prov id ing he g reates u rface area p o wer for the echange of oxyge n d ca ro d ioide f a g a p a n e i roken it e p ce . n k made of g a cannot be re i re ic qur ium a re ea i y crached a n wi ns sois bc d isd . Wdn nks b id d id, n d ­od wi sin i i

G VE f a taga ta is dtrmid by th fmua (i ichs) bw:

widt x gth x ight

1

s m mst b w t s ssa t ad

ds t t at Oramts a a tak sac If thy a aady a, t may b asist t mas t m f at as t ta is bg fid t ts figu ad kp it whr it t b st.

C e decided eoe eecing he nd and e o aquar um. Keep n m ind tha each ga o water we gs approxmate y pond, the sa nd mut be su rdy Its ocaton us e pr­anen, the su rface eve . Movng or ti ng a a n k hat i even pa rta y u l o water o r g ravel ten esu l i leak .

eap a 1 ga e i iec a cea

AV havg t ue ei d Put the aqurium ea a a utet. t a the aquaum top a tev t a hfi wh t wat may vhat a t at ad aima t muh gh ge aga tv the ga ad th wate. he aga d ot ham fih but ar t aacive tg ag a be a otat tugg, ae ta away fom wdw.

h tmeatu f the m u be tat ad the su aft a m u a td, uehd pay pat um, a tba me a b dagu t fi a at

E AR. Bf wg wih h aquaium, wah yu had wih ap ie peatdy rub th oap ad dirt frm ude yu gei wih a iff bruh. ie a te way up your ar if it will be erge he r yor had ad equipmet a rg lt oluo which boh le ad diife. ialy rie agi wh fh wr eve a l lw eer o h otio ar t

TO SIPHON, f h ub ( s pasc u b) fu f war a humb v ah f h ub Pu d h aqua u m a a mak su h h s bw

v f h u b aquaum N mv us, a wa su fow f A s p g ub mad spa f aqua u m s ca puas a p s

TT NW TNK O KG befor you pu i n p c h i s s w i prevn h sok ing of v l ub e fu rni r nd rugs he gurnte on new n k m b e honored, b u wrped piec o f furn ure o r s i nd rg re not covred b y g u ra e

Seec wrproof su rfc were coo waer c n be hosed or pou red ino e n k e su boom of he a n k is d ry before fi i ng i, or you wi no be b o deemine i he nk s rea y eak ing low e n k o si for east weve ours

fer h es, scoop or s iphon e wer rom e tnk Do no i h n k wih weig inside i R nse wi sa so ut on e oug n k does no l k, quar ium may swa a fi rs Pu waerproof meria under quar um o cac t is moisur

9

, h u i i s propery opr, svs urs c en ing . y provid ing grear suac r oxygen o ener he k, fi er ing so in ­crss sh capciy. There re wo bsic ypes rs ch rco l floss n u ndrg rv .

A CORER FR octe i si th aqurium, i pltic x otiig urium chra ao e crbo) o the w hlf a fiter fl o t top. The chro cas the wat borb my impuritis th flos rmoe bri Wat is ci rcute through thes two, which beome oil a mus be chage eey w wks.

way rie ew chrco thoroughly Store uue arb i airtight cotie

wh it ca br poio frm th air tivat ighquali harals ma e a ru svra imes by imy riig ryig them i a ea

Buy fiter flo, ot gass woo Prtie of gls og i iur th fih gi ls or c b trfr to ope ye from thei ha ve ck the flo it fi lte This reucs th pertig ffiiey f th fi lte ut a strai th pum

OTS I D FI LER

Sr

carcoa cartridg

OSIE FIR o ati bo, with flo i th uppr af ad aroa i t owr hf Watr i uckd u o or mor iho tub, drod ito th bo hgig outi th aquarium, ad d through th haroa ad th flo bfor rturig to th ta k O pho tub mut rah mot to th bottom to ik u ay ttd wt h ho tub houd hav a ihd or rd d o tht h ar ot kd

o to th co thi ty i o c do ot tk d th tak, ad i ot ky o o rt of flo id.

udrgravel

ERRV R SUSR FIERS co vt of mod Th a r ighy drab tr, oig of pat t on ntr oor o a ar covr y on or t c o grav Watr an dbrs ar suckd troug t g rav Oygo ig btria that gow o th t omo th dbri rducg it to a hrm t th tays udr th t Th a ad omwht pur th watr dob haroa rt h b a rasd

e sur not to u fn grav t tr. It t trough sts of pastc at of tr.

1 1

T PP s t com p n n d ov w vl , outsd t ur um tung connects h fi l t o h pump. twn hem r shou l d b n o l nd dst lt h prvns bck prssu r no h pump r trv­ ls ough h ubng to fi l r . utsd fi l tr my co wh r own mgnc-drv mors n no d p p

yps o pmps r v l l. Br byg pmp, ch to m r n t cn ndl t g l lon vl u o ou r t n Rmm t t pm p wl l wg 4 ous dy. s ws t nvs n h ghq u l y pump, whch shod v gurne for m n mum o y go p w ous sver l of nxpnsv o

MEH RT

taks f r ta 5 gas vvs a mba utsid ad udav fits s iats t aa atdg t udgav st i ut abut a fut f t wat v t ad

s t

ara

gav

a wit fs Bfr uig g av v t fit v botto of ta it a f at ad sha th sbgd at t v ai bubbs v fit wit gav ad sw yu figrs trug t to s air cts

s

gav

si

g

s rgrav

12

Gravel

fine sand

mediu bs g av fo subsaa f s gua shape ad a bou • c s z

G

u he n k in i s permnen ocaion beore dding g rve l or wer e n k c nno be moved aer hese re added Use nau ra g rave h is is he usua nd a m i ia r floor covering mos esar fish o oed g ave s a e aracive bu re no recom­meded beca use ey may ade or c oud he wer

u se i id, washed quar ium g ave wihout l i me or me s s prec uio, wsh he g rave gn Use ce n p lsic, g ass, or ena me cona ne ney pucased p asc pa i is us igh o aqua ium use se gae in o a pwar on inue o rinse u e waer runs rom he pa i cysa c ea or gd measu re, ash he g ve five moe i mes na y, inse e g ve in co d er beoe pouig i i n o e a nk S ope he gae up d a r e back o e a n kom e o o i ces is ay, a y de is a i ng e bom w se e n e on were ca n be seen nd eas i y s i ped o need S oping so g ives deph nd inees o e aqui u m

T

ged tapwate s sa l l est. ow he wate to aeae or sevea days in te ank T s w i l ae o season t . Tapwate is genea y treated w h ch orine, which i riaes a fis's g s he g s a e a damaged, hey may be unabe o as m ae enough oxygen, and he fish w e ounae y, c or ine and a ew oher a rm l gaes w escape he wae dr ing te agng period . nea compou ns, howeve w i l ncrease in concentraion as waer eva oates Man aqua riss keep a sppy o aged wa stoe o se emegncs

O a l lo he wae o dibble loly dn on pane of g la Do n dmp in a l l he ae a onc. l he ank alay hen add h decoraio (p 6) en ad ae o hin one or ins o h

RS for e in an aqarm:

a ic is oen con· amiaed ih amopheric poisons.

ak or am wa a may be poiou or abr ha rfl bacera ad aae.

minalid war case acks he eenia l mnerals fi ned.

at tha has bn od ron, zn, coppe, or ead sse s poionos o fis.

lowih war in salise ak ndcaes oerrodng an overfeedng To emed, iphn e a parial ly and

14

eace wh fres aer add ne aoal o h fies

d wat rs a afe eing p a ne ank i pobaby de o baceria. eve inrodce fi ino sch wa. If he aer i no cry a lea in o eeks, emo aer and ar ove

n an old ak cldy ae may be de o a fi ler no fuc ioning poperly. I i s mos ofen caed by a dee groh of miooganims ha are dcompoing debris in he ank. Make cerai he h ae n fed oo mch and ha hey are o oecroded. es han a ga lon of aer pe h of fih s croding. lodines f hi or canno be remoed y o· dinar fi les, hogh diaom file ill do o. Sphon off af e aer; el imina he excs food and o fih Add ne ae and en check o ee if roblem ha been remedied.

R W s cased ms mcscopic pans aae. he aae ae am ae aace ae amns I a he agae die and decay hey o he wae il izing he oxygen eeded by he sh I f h wae has becme opaqe, make a mpee chane wae and ean h ae. I he wae s js bnn n ee, e excessie wh agae an e discaed edc he amn igh. Agae· an fish ca be ndced and as ae pas ha w cmpee wi h aa es n he wae

D W s eea a sg decay. d s dae sa d s sce d eiminae

COCO O HYDR­E OS caed p, indicaes whehe he wae is acid, ne

a, akaine ad wae s akaie s wa s ea acid nwin he p e wae s especay impoa whe beeding sh.

A sdden chane o p im· pies ha smehin s wn he an k sch a oecod­g o eeedi Sh dai caions ae ma.

is ae aaiabe mea­sn and sen he p n chang he desed p qiky Wai seea hs wae o sabiize o ge new accae eading Acaed cab keeps wae ea esin chacas bffe he e o a specfic p

, degee adess ceases de cacim ad manesm cmpds, pssby m dead sai shes sme knds namens. Excessiey had-50 pp me-can be sofened by diing wh dised wae me a 0 ece.

CIRCUIO O R s mpan he aqua m · habian. ubbles m fies d no add xygen he ae he oxygen i abobed a he uface hen cicaed h gh e an k.

s

1 5

C

a a nced aquar iumcona in ing o y fis wae ave ad a ss a e n oec or e adva nced or expeienced obbyis o be ners te esu l t is oten dead decayg a ns ta mess up e a n k

a nts a re morta nt in te eoreica l y ba a ned aquar u m . s tey g ow tey ui l e e wastes rom te fis but beca use te waer s ci rcu aed by a u m p a d fi l er te a mout o oxyen su ed by e a ns beoes s ica n I e fis a re ed greens e l ve ans ca n be e im inaed rom a n aquari u m wou am.

tifica l aquar ium p la ns look a utentic and a re long last ng . eck or exposed wires a may rus and conta mnate te water. I poss ib le uy a ns tat a re onsucted ent iey o nonoxic as c suc as poyetylene

eaive a a ngmen o l ve p la ns or a mixtue o l ive and artificia ans is easi ad a so ro­vides fis w ood and wi a ae o sawn e aquar u m a nts temseves a re a grown obby wit more tan 1 0 seies ro wic o se le. quasca g nvolves b ending coors sades tu e and sie . rg astg rowing a ns a re an­cored at e ack o te ta n k sma le r ones at te sdes enter and ront Rocks ca n be b ended wt e a ns o a eve a aura oo ing u nderwae wol d J ust mak ceta in to leave sace or te fis o swi m . g ig or a nea g fis ca n ru in a n a q uasca pe n o n y a ew ours . I n add ion fis med cations suc as metyene ue o sa t more tan teasoon per a l lon can k l p a nts.

16

Pl ns re sod rooed, bu ced or oi uy ony crisp p ns wi no brown ded rs Keep em mois uni you e em o yo u r q u ri u m vo d us s cs fiers re bes P ns eed o l 0 ous o d y

OOD N re oen mos be uifu ocae eac p n by d i in wide, s ow oe n e rve l Ho d e p ln by is o nd n ou e roos i n e ole beore refi i n i ncor e p n i necessry Te swo en base o e sem sou d be jus bove e su rce o e rve u e i n ew dys o ow o roo

Te p ns ob in nour s men rom te rve , so in o der a n ks p ce e p ns were e rve s been eri ied by e fis Rooed p ns row we n n ks wi nder rve fi ers, b e roos become n ed i e fi e p e en e n k is d ism ned fo c e ni, e p ns may be in j red, res in i ei sun in or de i p o old, brow eves

SCR CE S a r pi ad hard o kp al i i pla a r propa­gad from bulb p lad u udr h g ral h ough bril la gro loly bu ay bc 2 long. ub o alga or dir ha may collc o h la A midir drop o 1 0 dgr bficial or hi pla bu o for dl ica fih Th plan i ud b a a omha io­lad crpic I ruir a la 1 0 hour of ubdud ligh pr dy

MD PN Aponogeton fenestra/is to 21 t

1

CRYPTCRYN yptooyn ffi t .

GY AAZN R E. ee t 4 in.

1

HAI AS AS Eleochar acular to 1 ft.

CRYTCRY oes wel l wiou grea amouns o brig l igt a in anks wi floaing plans l igh ly acid so age waer i be. any pecie are aailable. ome plan produce re leaes ha grow aboe te surae o te wate

Z SR a typical rooe pla n g rows new plans y ending out runner ese soul be pused below te g rael Amazons a re an effec ie ecor soon a yong plans deelop roo ey can be sipped rom runners an transplaned

Te Pigmy mazon (to i n) wi l l carpe a 0gal lon ank e regular mazo n (o in) soul hae at eat 5 gal lon n wic o prea ne plan may ae as many as 0 leaes n new ank eups wi ard waer Amazons a re delicae f e leaes icolor increae e daily ligh duraion

SS grows in thcke 6 o 2 inche hig. I sprea by runner Hair Gra a only stems no leae t suries in warm o oo water

YRI i a rooed plan ha oe be wen pla ne in al l bunche In good igh t gro el. Hygropila ay e propagaed eiher by cuings or by leaes

C ER SRCK ows 6 o nes tal in ligly ac id wae wi pleny o gt But only plant at ave a go r ytem

NN PN Nymphode qua ee 2 r re in. ar

RR VAR R RA Vallisneia pira/i

ATER SERA S fl 1 0 n

BRAD EA SAGTTAR S bl 10

BNNA PLNT u a eu e gave w m gw rm w ve ulig a e ems appra urae Panaing fi ike ea b em an ave r is lan aive pn an slow waers sueaser U S e waer emperaue ul be 70 ge .

WR WISRI g rows o 1 0 hes a l l i n l igly ai waer t require lile l igh Te brigh g r eave may g rw ig u t aquarium

ORKCRW ISRI a ppuar aquarium plan a tapeleae gra ha orms a en underwaer ore i n eier warm r ol waer e ark green ripe ha runs own he mile f ea lea Te leaes wil l g ro e surae o a ank f praialy any ize

GII ries in warm oo aer eebles Vall­e b dier in haig a ip la So pi a or a ines; oer go u al ler. Al o bes n eie gav in ha ae

1 9

C P T popu th th td tg pnts y r ppgtd om ngs mny o hm t pod ucng ots R­v th bnd secung th bunch nd snp off the bottm t ps th sms Strp the eves frm h ow c th stm nd ncho them i bu hes of tw to u r sems n op of t g rave hy w g w st nd nd mg g u ry Us th upp utt ngth op, growng par of the p ntnd thw wy th bttom p rt n new we, dd n qu ium p nt v i t mi nd i nr supp v i b ps

ABOA t fin av a fansap patte q wate le tan 72 tt ffient i a aration i a l l s apa a t lavs v ttm lfis an nib t w t t.

an wat ntn wil a ki l l ts n tv lant. a t at te bac f e tan or ealty plants gw qicly-t a len e feet Sva pe o Cabmba ar oce m t

O or Anacai is a ary popla plan a does nt man riical wate co n. o e qre wate a 72 o 5 s . is ay nibble on i t general ly it gros as enoug to eplen isel an add an nc o ore to s leng ai ly. Locae i a h bac o the ank ad p te oliage en.

20

O a t ey av ace fa aat n t tm. t s a lw gwe an s at least 0 s l igt aly. lain os nt w is lant t t

ORWORT a a ml aiy. n nat t a elw t fac n wat. n a aqam t a e a ne fw pee pve ug a fi. ot o v

WIOWOSS is a colaer plan oing well n aer belo 2 deg ree F The ar soul b ell aged an­cored i a poous ock i il l aac o suace.

I leave n wrl an te stms g ros at n ft wat. nes t 0 s f lgt aily Reov t tne a n a. .

ABOMBA OR FAO abba aliniana o 4 ft. og

BACOPA aa alniana

W LLW tiali acili

ABULIA

LEA R ANACHAR lda da (a ia dn o 1 0 o

E callrchods o 1 og

HOR atpyll dr

phla ssslfla f

1

DWARF FOULEAFD CLOVE Marsilea hirsuta

MILOIL O FOXAL Myriopylum spcum

UDWI A Ludwigia naan vs o i o

WIG survive t most aer teeratre i aari r c ar At we temraur60 t 70 degree t undeide he leaes te ecies iusrated urn a retty rd me o te eave are adaed r grwt aoe the surace (emere hers ar eow he urac (umre

Gen adeuate ace ee at ece te Thy roduce yeow flower ew ants ar trted rom cutig laned soi riized with fih wses Sv secis of his bo p r il i p hops

R OR-D OR d p o os mprure I owy e atraciv whe pnted t the ront of h aquarm The evs re o o sm

OI turs lg e d eoms brit i idquate i If receve hors o li per day i is atgrowi rs dee rig g evra ecies of Mioil are avaa n Th preer ters d r es kd y t ders srrd y rtg fih r Mo ith Caa Hro d Aia d h dir

G l h w l h m l ow th th h h l low I h -l t wt l l l l

WATER SPRTE flo o bch Ev co h v v o h · c d prodc p h tpy hy fl W Sp o o q dd o

NIELLA o oo o b o k o fi N/la, h o o jy o

AT PRIT

DUCKWED o o on o c c qky o o c o v o o oo o

RYSTALWOR o o o y K h

mna minor bo o

Ricci fluian

E Nie/la racl

sastoe slte

qarz ptfid wood

Se Se r Ornaments

occ ock

gass arbe

NT o l oo l o oo t o o o l Ao g h l l n o l l ol oo h w Co l

Nooo o l - loo , ho t C o l wt A l o o . of o l h w l k l n h iol. Rock cot i n ng t l w o h golog tuto R oo h o l w o w o w

24

C G

h w o h Lv t

8 gowh f ot lt. A fl h l h t wh v h tt flt. o hw h h t l l 8

florst igh

adst gt

sd viw of quarium sowig positio

5

P

lds nd s thr nds f qur u sh d nt rq r wtr wrr thn rm tprture f tp ls r th hc, hwvr, n qur u tr s nss ry hse htrs re q u pped wth trstts s tt th wtr s kpt t nstnt tprtur Whn th hter s pert n, s l t l lws st t u n t, ht th wter t th corrct t pertur, then turn the dustmnt nb unt l th l t b l nks lug i n th heter ny wn t s prprly subrd Bfr s phn n, np l t t

tr w l l lt p lstc, s su r t wl l wy fr t sds f p lstc tn rg fish, l i k cl ds, w l l bup hetrs nd bre thm hr tn s ust q u ppd wth th n br bl type f etr tht s nw n t m ret

t rtr f th wter s d b chcd l t trt B s t tprtu r s crcl fr any trp l s, t s wse t buy n nxpnsv scnd thtr s tht t h ccurcy n n b hecked gi nst th thr

6

on

eroes

hnn

P P G

sopp ist wi l el p i es imat ing te tota l ost o o aqa i sep. Wrie down e pre es ie ea iem Us ing is l i s so ld a lso e i m i­ne e need or exr rips o e sore o pik p oote iems To i s l is o ca n fi n a l l y a d d e s ad eir assortmen o oods, wic so ld e p s a ot wo weeks ate.

fd g g h suc p

ri d std

fitr

r d ss

iri tig

s (i dd

ds d oi fitr

ir pmp

r

p ki

tr rdss ts ki (opio

pts d its

orts

ro

ig bb

r

rmom

sipo

pi spog

di rig

mr oi p 30

A aua u m an ima l 's we l bein depends not on l o the a l it o its enviomnt but a lso on the ood it a

VRYING HE DE is impora o any animal ew oods oai al the essentials o a laned diet, and s do o ed the same ood moe than a ew imes consecutively, even i the fish oviously lie it

Many ommerial and ive oods re vaille, and un­dreds o ypes o packaged oods an e ound on store seves hoose those with the highest pecentges o poteins, ts, mineals, and vitmins oday tere is no exuse or not having a vaiety o oods evn as many as a dozen

OVERFEEG is the most common misae o eginners Feed fish reuenly at leas wo times daiy, ut eed smal amounts Me etain tt asolutely ll o te ood is consmed at ech eedingsay, wihin ten minutes Letover ood ouls and soils the waer nless e ottom eeders egi to eat i, this ood sould e reoved y sihoning eve se a ontiner o ood over te water unless te ow cn e contolled eectly inkle nces o ood over the surace

F IS O OODS

8

IVE OOD Dphn

i s

s va

I TH KICH r ma oo ha e or h. Shreddd cad piach ood veable ppleme. Fie bab cerel ar alo e­clle. a beef har or live d h o hrmp ca be shdde o h prpe cose. Fo bab o h ap mll piece of hard­boiled olk e le. Seez oe o o rop hroh he lie o he ak ece of fod hould b o r ha half h ze of h sh' moh.

EIG IH m be a coveece bu reard­g ca be raed o commecial bab food b he ro slol. he groh o el hached h speede b fdg hm ­fuoaa broh of mcr­copic pla ad amal os pe hop car ura alera ug he eg olk alread decrbed above.

er ar e e ached brie shimp. Es f brie hrimp d direios hachi hm a be boh p shop

FIH re uuall fed a lea wic dai. e meal coi of a hih-uali aple foo The he ca be o of he olli: live bie orm hawed a lec shrimp mel meal pelles bab uppe or mlli vgabe flakes ad

able fods codiier dail o liv brie himp commercial liud be

food hedded hie h caed piach o cal foo chpped or hedded

bf h choppd earhorm

Live food are o froze or fezedrid for covie fedig. The c b ubied occaioall for he al hg h froz food oom emperaur; do o refrze.

I o o vacao p "vacaio feeder11 o he ak. eah h c suviv for more ha k ho food If rds vol o fed our h caio hm o vfeed.

9

I H H N

On a t fis sold prcasd, and t good lt sold maina ind. t i s i m porant o a l o ognz a l t fiss appa an Know t a naom and bavior o various sp­cis kpt Std t d iaga m a nd a l so ca rts on ck a e once vr da or a n a ngs a may nd cae an i nss.

vn in t st ca rd-or a q ar im, prolms ma a p par sddn Sick fis m s b trad im­diat da's dla ma man t dat o t fis Kp on and som good mrgnc gna l o ics to tat t most com mon fis d isords . sk a l i abl da o assist o in slci ng s boadscrm mdicins, o wic r a r man

I HH FISH the fis stad straght ut The are t fay or h cs t the bd ect acte fish that hae cear es bght crs ad a s s d ds­crats. steded r red gs ndcate nect. c the fish that gers sh beh decratns whe oth­ers the sae seces are n cear ew egng t e ed. Ee such sh es as Guams are ar and das aut mad whe dsture

R th aquarum ass we wdw shg o fish ag cnuses ad frhtes the s causng them t dash t jecs ad jur­g themsees rats ca s sut tea dsds

0

he ace cm ge t t bu rom a tank cta­ e e dead fish s mseag The daer ma hae ge thrugh a o hs aqaums scg ut a dead fish just te mutes ere y waked t hs stre. Thse rmag ma e two dead fish a tak es t ecessar mean that a the hatats ar . I

th dad

fish hae ca se sgs sease the water ma be ctamnated a dead fish s as thh t was ealth and ther fis n the aquarum are bng at ts bd chaces are tat t ded d age erhas as a resut shg. urg ther g jure fm ther surce (. 5), fish ma be brused r g t shck.

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he wae whih the s ave fm the h t our me mus e ae frm the a wi hey were ivig If the sh y sele ae om s ans e y shod ave eas si oais. o may s in e eus i ied s, eeially i aggessive seies ae mixed with shy

he e sed f ahing he sh shud e lean If te deale does o ave a eaate e o ea an, ave i diped i disifeig soio s o meee o move amf moogisms his diieing shul e doe ewee ea a

S SIC BGS r hii sh ae eran that enty of a s traed ae he water i eah ag wih shud l e a lwn-u an D nt aw e alesma t fi the ag y reathng in is ered air u arn dxde and te fih may uffate ere tey rea thei destnatn e ar hud me eer rm an ai an or fom e oom

3 1

PC G POO ake oe as cec o signs o isease efoe ta king te fis ro e stoe e ca ef l no o j i le e ag Do not a l low yon c ien to ca y fo ey a rop or sway te ca pves and a e s soo as poss le p lace te p lastic ag n a own pape ag . Te darness wi l e p a m e rig ened ceat res u rry oe Remem ber e fis ave a l ed a oun o oxyge

O floa te p asic ags n e seasone aqa i o eqa ie te temperaures of e wo waes a a lso o a ow te fis o becoe cqa i ne wi e r new surroud gs fer fiee nues ope e bas and sowy over a rod of a bou en n us dip waer from e a o e as. fer e bas coa in msy aquar u waer ne e fis and free em o e r new oe sose o e waer ro w ey we js eoved. Soe a uarss reom men iso a ig new secmes or a wee r wo beore nrod u e n o a n sa se m m u a a sre a a d eq u pm are aa b is s a d preca oary step aa ns nrodu ng a d sease

32

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DO WORRY OU CCG SSE m pt fih. T w a a tamta m a ad c b cacd y y ag th incd fih

RE CR ai tha tag a Ta xa tm t p h tan ca, at a cnant tma, ad t h w . n t am tat a pc m a-ctm mcn ag h mt cmm da.

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cang n ga g and c. T n nc­c c a. ca i­ca a .

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33

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i o f n v n of h ot of th h o l o rl r n h o l w l l h w l i r nr h l r d h i tn th t h l o l nw nl h l p n to th hoy n whwh l o h r nv o n h n h l

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H W N I

Sna i s wer once conerd o e e es scveger or a qar m oy a gaeea ng a cafis a re sed in roica aqrims eca se o e d isadvanages o sna i s . Even wi no specia ood or ca re one sna i ca n in a sor ime rodce n mero osr in Soon ere a re i ea y ndreds o sna i s og ey do consme neaen oods ey so conr ibe e ir own wases and ey a so ea h eggs id or oo red sna s may ca rr da ngeros s d iseases esie ese negaive ea res sna i s a n add ees o e aqar m e keep e g ss a n d ecoraos c ean

YERY NI a desab a o profi hey ned a abdae o food ey w o h aqa pas v an oasoa ttu ea o som ooked spah

HORN I, vy popa fo t wam od aas ae bh d. Fsh a ahs.

WDERIG I shod b voded. I as ats ad ods a poso a o s

LAD SNAIL P cu o

RMSN NAIL Pob cu o %

YN URROWING NI pows searh o ood re­vt rave o akn. Wat shod no dro beow 70 ds F.

CUE DDE I a epoay pofi mos aaso h po o b osdered ess. Fsh ao ea h hadsheed babes.

MYSRY SNILS pu o

, WNDNG SNAL L oa o

MY SNAL Mod ubcu o

37

Q H

AFRCA AQATC FROG sts t f wat tw t p t t ta.ds ad dt f fis fst d a a taam as a tpafis s at ats. sama s s aas pa ts

SAAMANDES a t amp a aas, ta t wat asa. at fi s s stwms sas, a wasma fiss. s ampasa t ad tamat d m fis

MAL TADOLES a sa add t a aam afsa. s as, wt w at fis t aat m. st fs mst tt t wat t ask a jmp t f tak I as taks t a a s

FRESHWATER GOST SR

a nt t sm. t wd, a aa a ds. a· sms w at msfis fds. Ti m s tank's , t t w tt at pas. a fihw ble hm p.

an nsa sa

AFRIA AQUAI FROXou

JEE EOR SALAMDERMo

38

FRESAEOS SHPG s

TUL UIUM

oly h o ol ho vty to h o ool dstoo . tt wl l h v fo o h y

DO NOT p lo p o o hy o p h fol qcky o o f h ommrcl ­ o • w hmr oc foo lly r fl offl o o o Th w r co oo mch hch lo h

H R n q wch h w oh fo o erc f p r eerl ch low h flco h llow h r o 8 o f lh ech y fo k If h o h l h o o coo r mp o 7 o 8 er F

F h lc h food do foo f h co ch

w smp, swat snals, wms futs hrd old , and lu. ul wll at f t n m pany wt t tutl I fd daly t wll nt t fs tug t lng, flwng fns f slw­mvng fs my oo mu o sst

co ey hy l o o gr mel of oo

kg h po e hy rrey eo Sol y o of h l of m Fo ol y, lc h oc or h h wo m ly Fe ch wl o fore foo Sof h r y h r mo f cc lee e c pcc of p wl y k poo

9

RW Osoossm biirom o 2 i

R I A F I S FA I I ES

NYTND H (so lossida

is fa i ly of reswaer ses elo i o t sa orr as rris is d str utd o Sout erica, Soutst sia Boo, Suatra, us­ra l i a d frica l l o te eers l a r .

WN sis iod So Ac s jvni s, on i nchs on I o ovd fo f sh h wi ow 20 i ch o n c , h o s n u s u h v o h n n s . h ins o hisoic sh ks sci ns ng nd nsu u s.

Youn scs cfu ; d ons s b i od n d A n o s 1 0 ons i b ndd wn h ons ows . n oo h scs shos of is c

fu, ovn u h w shoud b o d s F Aow ns v fods, such s odi, b h c b k chnks o w s o b. ns sid c hi s nd b bis i n i h .

40

HW IH (a todotid

Tis a mi ly onta ins oly oe ges ad on speis ocig i westn ia

H IH i s a l a pe Spea i i ts a ge pectoa l fi ns, i t ca g l ide ov te s ce o te wate. I te i d is et o a n aqai m, t i s is i kely to "fly" ot.

oe te la re, t ned mot . s s a eat ca raeist i o fis tat ive i n e ppe strata a n eed at e srace.

e a n k so ld be spacios (20 ga l lons o o) d m ly l i t, ad moderately la ted, speia l y t a ew oati ng p la nts. Te wate so d e s ig acid, sot, and 7 to 8 degees F . Feed tes s by spink l i ng ood on te srace . n ks o bee or fis, flying i nsets, eartwoms, mea wo and ive fis are rel ised eca se tey a e n ivoros, tteflyfis so d e kept o y wit ti own species

FRESHWAE BERFYF aoon oz to 5 n .

4

ELEPHATFISH naton r to in

NIH (om)

HNIH, na ve o th w m, fhwt topc fa, e not ed com mec l t occsona y mpoe fo s e n pet sho hog h the penve, the ot ma k thm o teet O o th a l e l te h

n epa nsh may sow playf eavio. Wth t psing l fl , ong noe, t w ig fee l on n h of foo t gene go eae oo hnce l v fos m t e . es of t m l moth n E lephth n w ow ol m l l t

oe pha nfih n lag t k wth g wte t tempet of to 8 0 eges F. i nom a p n wh om p nts. S in h h notnal , povde ak a n whh t h of h, l ate nt t n gg eiv eho, the E lehnth o goo om mn t h n not om m o mt t

4

C HCIN Ch )

Characins oun in outh a n Cnt l i n i, opis on o h lgt l is eshwate qua iu shs. Mot th hv n ad i pose n an teeth. l la ls

Charns sae ggs hroughout th n hy a re no vebea rers. With ew epions th o ca re or eher th ggs or th offsp ng h sma scho ng, or shoa l ing, spies a ng t ms popu lar aquar ium sh be us o the i l peaeu l tem perent, hr inss, n ha nd i ng . Me s o th ly us l o se i l i t q ur ius i th sot s l i ght l i

IND CVIH natvs o v h a n u s Poosi, Mio, hv such h i g h ly vop snses o sel l a n touh ht thy arly up in to nyth ing . They swi m with th i had i le s l ght ly ownwa t ing a ny oo onat. B l in Cav­sh sveng, ut povi vari it o o tht wi l l s i n to th to. Thg h su i tl m u iy fish whi e you ng, adu my beco agg ressiv. Th wate teptu n th aq u y ang o 0 to 8 eg res

4

N h ff th i l l n n hn thy n l g shol n oy hy ly nn hsiv ggs an i l l h thy not v at spning Fo his spis, h ptu t ptu 5 F . , ut tpatues o s lo 65 n h igh s 85 olt .

CIN TT l iv ny q to op n l l i n with th sl tt p l hy sl th l l Non t p. 5 2) u hs s ps h ns n th vnt l s i th oy. C in l l ss oon h o pnsiv thn N.

P TT isply u sh i hvo n ny th hns At uh pyng n hing th l ls h l t th pwning p l h h hn hi lt ou t nh v h u th t. n nu h p y s pwn on n ovhangng l o a . ptivity s l l pan o sn g ls ang l oss th qu u i l l suffi. Th g ls u st sn so tht th ggs i l l h.

Th pa s j up out o th n ing o th su r nur o s wthou spnng At these p i inay jups, th tul spning j ups a, ith ggs posit n l iz in sa l l g rups. Aou 0 to 5 ggs l i ov pio o n hou o so. As ny n ls i n th i ti

l h is y n sho no nts n th ggs ut th l uns p i ly n plshs t on th ggs ith h i

44

OOFN Ayx boinnis

A RA opeina nodi

ARDIA RA Cin li o Y2 .

nt t hy t n h s t n th ys n th yung ith l l lh nt th wt th l i ns shu l s ­t h nt

lsh Tts o st in nut l wt t s. F . Cov th n s tht h sh o nt u ut R i flsht i s l l w th g l u n ht thn h s

ntv n Vz sd be csed we ­t c they hen es suscep e t s­ t a h the enon h g l lt n t th n o the enon vl l ng c l a cynoo. D u ­ng th t l shws off th tny t t tn Ol l l hv ­tn y n th vnt ns .

n t ng cp petopho ­st th ct. n th cp tt n l v o n ne o t hy cn t l z egg el le y t ng t t l s v.

Bc th nt oss wt ng t ggs yng thy t h n . wt l Chcns wl l n n q t pc l n co nty n t wt t n t 0 t 8 gs F . n wth y l v

gy c l whn ng t y c ggv wth g n ng th s tv ls gg sv h By th t h t th c o l gh g y. Co ng o occ n yung whn thy c l l g htn

l ntc ly ten wn v lnty c th ctv gg sctts

n wt ht 2 t 8 gee F choo hs h ov wth zng p natch t v t. hy q e th th tt . 8 Lgnn B t t n gn ng n ol ty . 4

SWRT L CHRCI Coyopoma e o 3 .

BLCK TETR Gymymb ez o Y2 .

FED BLCK E

ri fee

GDN TT hv n ntns go l sh n ut to show n n l l ustton Rq unts o oln ts pu l shoo l ing sps o Bs n th s s o oth tts st n gou ps o ou to ght pt n g oo tn s n whh thy n shoo A ntu l nonnt s pov y ns l usts o p lnts p l no . Both ght sunny) n s) s shou l v ll. h wt shoul s l ght ly sot n low n l . Opu tptu s ng o 7 to 8 gs F th .

l o h tt o outh n Cnt l A­a. of t g Hr t th s o th uda l n Most of t g yphessobrycon o ot

IVTIP TT pu sho o southstn Bz l l oos hnso g nst g ou n wt ovh g htng to phsz t lvtp ns . A st n s so l

4

OLDE ET gra rrong to in

S I LVERTP TRA gr nan to % in

th L lt B n n Bno t o 4 nh l o n hn l n tn h nt ly hou in shool whi yn ut h y n th n ny h pt n th th h. Fls i n t l o i t v. Th t pt th wate hu l n o 68 78 s F . lnt th ta n pin ly o th t t n il on p lnt n upo h t h oo pptit n i l l ol o F n h l t.

GOGH i s a m dsaa swi m me a ooks vey messive i a ge soo s a aqua u m wt a dak boom ad s ked w a s Is bea uy aoaes a o te ad a ea I saw g t e aes ok fis ad o om sde to sde kes o a ts i m u m wae emea­ue is 7 o 80 deg ees e Gow g sou d be ed e bas d et s sees s sest ve to eo eta sease 3 .

LLIT ERA He ga u s gacs o

gr ov to 4 in

49

I GH lo l Bon h n, i ly n h Azon

on A au l ouni y sh, l i wid y o oo. t soa l ing sh, idra w n n la n i n whh o r ir h w ho o n ig htly aci 7 F . B u o is i rsn hi sh wl l n h oa ny o Non Card ina s, lol h n ohr uch ho ls . h r ip a hn h l . Ma o s hav s l l wh so on th na n . hy vo n l n tht n y sn

O ro t ow Azon n n n ou riy n op ond ton whh r i ly n n o w a 78 to 8 g r F . h no ng r hozn l l n an l nly does bes in schoos .

MMYO egaus t Y n

50

E

P J is varia l i n its olos . tu i tnsivy th is spis i s ivi i nto si suspis y so a uhori is. Most o th hav t int ov th i oy. o hav a la spo n th shou l g ion . rpas shoo ro th i to th lowr strat . Th war shou so nutra l n 7 to 8 g rs F. F th stanr v ri it. hy y nip ns

H-N CHC N a a r ly oun n qui a us thy o not r sussu l ly aptiv iy. oa i nd howvr h is spis i s pal in a o u nity ta n o at l east 2 g lons. h shoos i l hov in th low strt u thy r l a pi ovns jupng out o th tn n s i l l l ly ong or lain ro p th i nutra l wat t a ou 7 g F n h asi i i n l u i p ls hi thy n n i l.

5

s l s l l R T r R th ng t Ro n whr th is sps s l iv hv gne. Th F l Ttr l s n qui u wth p lnty h i ing p ls us s sly rig htn n wi l l los i ts r l l iant ls u ng suh sssins. s peul sho l sh l n s q ng nut l wt 7 75

ro th ruvn z wh hy v in sh ung l wtrs. Nns shu l thror house in se i-r aqur iu th h oto n s es n r lors . B l tssu n tp t the ss th quri u t s i lt th nturl nvronent ut ep th tis­su t lst hl n nh ro th wt lvl t th h t n us th y n th pap l l sh . L ght th quari u i m ly r a bov. I nss ry s ths flng p lnt t reu th ntensty o the l g ht.

5

N ON R yobryon nn t 1 n

e

e

n th Nns ung hata, th wat s psh q untly y s, sh a n pov o n tns n h qua t tp at y anta n ng s tpatu t 7 t 78 g s F. n ts p t 6 5 Vw o ov, p Nn s a th n th . h s n ggstt .

Nons shoa s, h shoo s sw ng n th t lw sa . h sh s paeu wh h­s th s sz. F va r t Nns suspt t Nn ta Dsas p

53

MON Hyphessycn plchipnns J n. e

h ono o y l n q u u h. n t n ho o L t oos pi y ti ing with hoo o B h Lon Tt i ut tv un ty h tht n i t th n ot tt . t h gh ly ntiv to hn n th pH ttu n hn th t th u pt th fih y o into hoc lo ing it o o o vn y ng t hang ut g u y th ng th h u ly t t thy t tn u nv y

th zo Bn lul hn young ut ad with ag. S uthoiti ni th Roy Tt t su pi o th p Tt (p. iffnt ony i n having ot on t hou du l t hv ng ot h l n B u not th n whn hn i ng th wth n h tpt th t hu 2 t 82 g F. V th

54

ROSY TETRA H. raceu o 1

N H rubrotga t 3Y2 ln.

G s ss sps th n s s th nus . p shs u t tn sh . h n shu l supl h s s l ht ly t 2 8 s F . ns lus p lnts t n huh h n t v nul nvnn h h n shy s B hn l n u ls hh h sh s ns un sns hn

55

n t th z u l th n t th n l c­n n t l l l h Th n th h l th n 1 t 2 nh th th i n th inn in th thi tt n n th n nt

l n pnh t ttu n t nt n tin t th i l t . h t n joy upot in la nt hn t t t t th n ti l ln. h l t t h l sh n n t nth n th l tt . T t tt h l n to 8 g F . t n t .

T nt nl l n n h t l t l h nt l i nt n t t ght n n is esh . T h not en in g t nubes i n cp­t n l n n qu u

T e e uiul sh that q u i u i t l o o u niy ta n wih h o the sae z i enie by thei extened ua l n n y the splenid o loain, which beco ei l ly hen they cou ing he ea le. p Ta oes est i n spu t n ut nc th i owh i ow, y be bt th tpo i ly n l iedsze ea. Fe th it he opi u epur o h h t 78 e F.

56

SVE DOA ety chretuelleri

D HOOK M pus 6

EMEO ERA emtbcn pa/meri o 2

e

57

PIH lys t inst, o vyon ees t hv he ls a ou ho shols thes ouh Amercn fish seeton e even he la rg ­t vict is i n a aer o m nus by s c ng out lag tes wh he r raorsha rp eeh . wners ho t i r o watch ng he r P ranha ea r a pa r ohe fish or i nnr somtimes se hem ree n he nea rest pon, la e, or ca na l . In he w ld , he P ranha be­cos hret to nave spees, nd a uhres e justifi y concern in wa rmer saes that t gh become esa b she . or h s reason, a perm my be req u ed o ep h s fish n you r se. Ch wh sae oca s beore you oba n a sp n. P ra n has a e no advsed pes or mos hobyss.

P anhs rav n schools n he w ld , bu n con­nn, hey y tun on he r own n In one ins ne, to P inhas o the same speces ve n the se tn paceu l l y or more h n yea n h l. Thn on rn ing the ha an g i l l s o on th oun floing on the su . p n one P ra n ha n a an !

Povie a P i r n h h p ace o h de and eel seu, or y, h is fish w ea on y when it snss no nge. Try ee ing chuns o nonaty ee, uch as h t, y, nd l ves. Ra fish s sometes accepted. he pet does not consume e mte, ry v ng ea rhworms, mea lwors, tue ors, o godfish (a avore . ep th te te peraue a about 78 eg rees F.

Whn cth ng a P i rnha, rememr tha it n easi ly bte hoes n nets a nd fi ngrs. I t may be nd ­nt to huan flesh and no aac hans sub­ege i n he a n or a weey c ean ng but th s pc i s nt recom ene .

58

I N H oosti tti (a knn a so tti}

NINIH a r na me or e i r lack-a nwte ma rkings o e caracerisic a i l ow sing posi io oug icae uring s i pping tese s ecome q u ie a ry aer tey a re esa A coo o i cct o t o . Ho t i o o o i c o i o o. o o i ci 72 o 78 F. i o c o i ii i o oto .

PEGUIISH

5

ENCILFISH annoso to 2 n.

REE E E LFSH . rfasa to 2 n.

DWRF ECI LFISH . agatus to

PENCI a nativ to outh Aica, whr hy nhait q it shwae sra s a nd l a s. Fo ping ths sh h aqua iu wa shou l g an is tepeatu a na in at 72 to 78 g s F. Th aqua u shou l be wl supp l i wth p ants

hs tposhap sh swi in spu rts. o spcis est i n a hadup pos on hrs in a ho­zona l pos iion At nigh the srps on thei sies ae i n ind istnc b oches o n mx h iffent spcies n th sa aquau, r hey ay bece q ua ls. Keep each speces sepa rat n n goups o the o o 60

' TE o th lowr Azo g i l ivs u p to i ts na by st ing n swiig htisti 45g haown pos i t ion. wl l s i n th low stta o th tan n wi l l solt is i titoy whih i t i nss i n s iz s t st b l ishs itsl n g ows la g. l l lss ggssiv nighbos w i l l b has ro this t i toy. This hst nr i s j ump, so th a n ust b ov. Th bst wt tmpatu i s 7 5 to 8 g s F th t ing t i m t o t i ough oo is tn h va i it povi Vgt bl tt is l ish .

P T mong th ost l it shy o th qui u topia ls Ca m ust b n to t in thy gt nough oo . a l l bits o oo p to la g huns . Ag wt n plnty o oot p l nts nssa y o suss with ths sh n th tpatu o th wat shou l b inta in btwn 72 a n 82 ­gs F . n g oups o two to ou , th ontasting bla nwhit h prn o the a s ls is isp ly u it fftiv y

SPTTED H EADSANDER lo pntt

'

t 4 in NRAS HEADSTANDER

6 1

E TIPE HETNE s on o spi l o o h ns that i n hit rsh wts o Cn­t l n outh Ari n Ar B us o th intrst ng shp n sti ng ngs, thy r vortes o aqursts. Thi n os o thi peu r hit o st n n l so swi i ng n a heown osit on

Th R Hst n pos tions i ts pni l shpe oy wth ts the r rown o l st ps he own in th wt whn lae It thivs et n g roups o two to ou n s paeu l t with oh fish o th s siz. i n t s on o vegetton noug th g owth o a y p­ng h t n w l l it. ttu sp nh n wt lnts ay susttut o lga Aug nt th d e wh ohr oos

oe h pos o o th R Hestners outh whih s retd up r l s s . Ths affets th atng hvo o whn th fish ees on th oo t ust invrt itsl .

EPIN ts vgttion, so provson i ts tn sp rse ly wth vi p nts o n whh i t w l l n i l t wi l l lso g z n th low stta ping ho os ls o l v nd d ry oos Th veti l strips long its sides i nese in n u e y ving n two a s the fih grows

Th is fish is a j p hn th t n st ep ov oe nd vda s ay eoe pesy, n ppin to shs th fins o othe sps. hools o oth spis o hnst ners ept n the s q i ipssv. Th fish a ut th sae siz n r optile, an th ontst o th hozont l n vt strpe s sti ing . 6

RED OR STR IPED H EADSTANDE noo noo t 7 n .

LEPRIUS por n o n .

3

TCHEI Gastropli)

Ts s a r nativ to South Amria, whr thy iv in th uppr strata o sot, s g h y a watr I a a rm, th sh wi ithr hi or use thi strong wing l i k ptora ns to ra is thmslvs ha lway out o th watr wh g l i ing q u ik ly a long th sura p th aquar iu ovr s that thy o no fly out o th ta n Ha thtsh n plenty o surae water in a ong ta n k withou osrutons On a ra o th ta n shou provi shag iv ing p a nts in whh th sh a n h . Wth­out th is ug a ig htnd Hathtsh may fly i nto th g ass an in ju r ts.

Hthtsh a r pau l , ut thy o not iv lon n a ptivity. Com m u n ity tan s a r not rom men a us ths sh a r shy a n wi l not g noug h oo . Thy o est i n g roups o rom thre to si n wtr a t a tpratur o 7 t o 8 gres F . F thm oos that float o rmain in th top strata in ­ lud ing p nty o iv oo Au mas a ppa r th in­nr tha n aut ema es when vewe rom a ov Thse sh a re suscept b le o th om mon h Disas sri in th ha rt on p 35

MBLED TCHETI ar the most om mony n­ountr o th hathetsh. In th sha o a ump o p lants thi s i lvr o go h igh ights o par l l i , an he ark i rrg u l a stra ks a ong t sis o th oy a r qu i t ist int. In an unavr­a e nvironmnt, h sh beome ra a n aou. This i s th most ha ry spis o th i m port hathts, an t a so has a ong l i spa n than othr spis in th g roup

64

V TCTI a not as ul as a l l Ma l athts. o in iv iua ls wi l l apt y sh oos u many an l iv a l n th wi l thy ut i l iz thi flying i l ity to at pass ing inscts. n aptivity, thy an u ifl s that a st a l ost rown in a jar o wat to pvnt the i sa p an thn spi n kl on th sua o th sh to pick thm up Thy wi l l a l so at tui wos rin shr imp, an a vaity o sh oos i lve Hathesh a known to l iv or han a ya an a ha l . hey hou l pt i s l ig hty l a l i n t

MRLE HCHEISH nege tgta 2 .

S I LVER HCH ISH tpeecu e t 2 n.

65

GYMN EL KN y ot i

ynoti el s, ro Souh an Centr l Aeri, r los ly rlat to ha rans p. 43) Ari n a ti n esh r s i la r n a ppea ra ne ut r ot lat, eloning to th i ly Nooptr Mers o oth a i l is, r or i th s y r ourn l n a r vious prators By ving th hghly vlop logte gymno ee ls a n move eihr a rs or w rs wih q u l s.

BN KNEH l ors l , pelvi, a u s, n the peor l ns ar sma l l an tra nsparent. Th anal n s pro inent n h g h ly evlope . Th anus is loate u ner the hea. ltri orgns le h sh to s u rviv th uy, r wts o its tura l h itat. I th t n is rne th Be ish w l l just to tg u ring th ay rather th n t n ig ht. F iv l s n chuns o ood a ne Knesh re n ia l st hen t s is t eep th spees sot Th tperur o th wtr shou l e 72 to 8 g s F. Th l ie spa o l l a ror B n ish t ts ov t y s

B E K EFIS mnt arapo o 2 n .

66

EECRIC EL ectpus eecticus to 7 ft.

EECC EE O KNIE EE E ecopoidae)

E lecric eels lack dorsal a d vea l fi ns. e popel emse lves wit tei lage aa l fi n e sam mae as gm noid ee s (p 66 Tei e lec ic o­ga ns, sudied exesivel, re locaed over a bou 8 pece of ei body Te issues r i ese organs a e pos i ioed oe beid e oe i co ­ ns, l i ke e plaes i a bery E erica l ipu ses, eac as ing onl a fraci of a secod, ae d is­ca ged i n waves a move fo oe ed of e fis o e oe Te a mou of volage geeraed depends on e oa l numbe of p laes o "eleco­plass" i e eel 's body Receors o e fis's ead eceive efleced ipu lses a d a id e fis i fid i ood o i n sesin da ge

EECC EE om Sou merica, a e no eco­mended for e privae col ecor Ec eel e u i res a an k of a unded ga l lons or ore eca use e lack sca les a n d ave a sl i my ski, a d l i em is o eas. Heav ubbe ves us be wr, fo t is fis as a bou 6, p laes ad a n eerae up to 800 vols. I n a l a rge a ua im w a fi e-gavel oom id ig p laces, ad sof, s i aid wae, te E lecic Eel is lo- l ived. Usua y o l l ive food is acceped i e fis is ugr, i wi l l ea cunks o aw eef o fis

6

CP N INNOW ypr in ie)

ypi is omprise the a rges m i y o reshwer fish . They a re native o sa, ri, urope, n North meri n have been i ntro ue to usta i n oher reas by ma n

typi ypri n i ha an e ngae, ova o rou nd boy. The a ua fi is usua y orke, an here n a ipoe fi n Sca es a e a ben n he hea, bu thoe on the body are d is in and oen a re s very. Barbes a re req ueny presen, bu they are i mie t two p rs . yprn ids o no have eeh in thei jws they hew with pharyngea eeh, wh ih toohe p aes oae i thei throt.

te being hase by her me, a r ipe ema e ters her eggs The cou ri ng ma e hen eri i es the. If no i m meiaey sepa raed rom hei spw, the ou pe wi gobbe he i r eggs. Fer i e ggs wi hth in two to ou r ays. Fry a n su vive n iusoria (p 2 or one to wo weeks Thereaer hey shou d be ed om mer a y prepa red ood or by h.

ay y t psses be . The geu s om mony iv ided i n hree group: hose w o ba rbes, those hat have wo ba rbe s, and hose with ou r brbe s egar ess o eir g ro png, a bab a re ative scho ing fih Smei mes he a rger ind ivid ua s in a cho a re ag resve oa rd sma er fi s h . Bbs preer we i g he aquar ium i n whih thee re at ea evera p ans T h e waer shou e we ere n kep 70 o 80 eg rees F. ny ew o th mos ava ab e species in ths rg genus re trete here.

68

SOT BAR

O BB 8 ccu

PTTE BB are iffiu l t to ienty bea use thei spots va ry n n u m ber, size, i nensity, a n a rra nge­ent epen ing on he indv dua l's age an org in . r hese fish aa n te r u or max m m size, a roomy a n k wh waer a 7 o 78 deg re F n plenty o o a re neede .

Y BB i nha bit ol (64 to 4 deg rees F, s lomovi ng wars o srea ms in norhern I nd ia . In heir natual habiat, hey aa in a lengh o s ix i nhes or longer but arely exeed hal th is sie n an a u ­i u m Ma les isp ay a bri l l a n red r rosy o o i n the spr ing spaning seasn . h e ema le s com pa ra­tively ab . Fee these fish the sa nda r basi iet. hey l ive hee o ou r yea rs

69

CG are ha rdy, aciv fih from Cy­ ea wide var iey of food and ofen oin cavnger on he boom o ick up food missed by oher sh Shady spos hou d be rovided in e tn in wh ich he waer s kep a 7 o 78 deg ree F In ome h ipmens of his secies, e fih d isplay yl owih i nad of brigh orange n nly te m l eh ibi br igh colors

C B mong te la rge of he b rb go ther nme from their coor paern Two pa i rs of rel re evien Thi specie does bes i n a nk of mor ha n en ga o The waer sou d be 2 o 7 eg rees and sou d coa in ome p a n

PE BBS are a so a rge eq a ng he ie of he lown Barb Even e young of his pecies re­ fo col ing Keep the waer er t 72 o 78 deg re F hese African re niive o he condi ions of he i r env i ro­men nd req u i re more anion a do mo se­ce of h gens

SIX-BDD BS a r at n you n nc ty ar otn n a an onton by t t m ty ra t r t naton A t ro m m nd doage of gener l onic (p 30 before hey a re in ­tod uced o he i r new ome ee em a n bun­ance of l ive foods a rs o bu i d u e ir resisa ce Te waer shou ld be 7 o 78 de rees , sof, nd brely acid nce esab ished, hese shoa ers from Su mra are peaceful com mui y s Their be uy increases oe e six bads, oe run ig through he eye and he las a he base of he a i

70

CUMM I N BB bus cummingi

CLOWN BRB . rtti o 4

T P BRB

S I XBNDD BRB . exz to 2 V .

1

T r a l led Spa nner Barbs by h Br sh. nv o h Ma lay en nsu la a n ndo­

nsa . Som ndv dua s hav red-n d fi ns . n young "T" Ba rbs, vea and orona l ba rs r d s nc, bu a maur y, hese ba rs a r no usua l ly wl l dened. "T" Ba rbs ar acve fish nd rq u r s pac. Schoo ls o wo o our fish re dl or h he a rgr om mun y aquar um.

B L A K RUBY BAR oo oo o c a o a . For os o h r l e, unotnaly, h show l r o olor nd resmbl th d ra m ls. A ma jory o maes n a a k rsu s n or frq un d sp lays o coor bu may a l so g ve rs o fight ng and o n pped fins. Kep hs spes waer 7 o 8 deg res , w h c l u m ps o floang p la ns. lack Ru bs a re susp b l to fngus d sases dsc bed on p. 35 .

"T BARB abus /ateristriga to

BLCK UB BB grofsciatus o i

CH ECKEBOAD BARB 8 oligolepi o 2 .

DWARF BARB 8 phutuio o %

SUBE'S BARB 8 chuberti o 2%

CHECEB B a r pacful shoa lrs ha w l l a vard d and a lso on g rae a h boom o h a n k A b of vga on addd o hr d n hancs r checerboa rd parn Kep h l g h ng subd u ad h m peraur of h wr 6 o 7 dg rs hs ba rbs a sus­ce o o (

W BB m a y b e p lacd n sma l l r a nks han oher barbs bu mak cra n h war s adquaely arad P lan h a nk sparsely o g v h h ch c h aer em pra­ure a 78 o 8 deg res wa r a rbs a r nav o I nd a and o ylon.

CBE B a r no ound n h w l d . hy a r a var y dvl opd by a prossona l brdr a nd now so d commrca l ly n g ra n u m bers hy ar h rdy, pacul com m u n y fish.

INI BB r mong th la rgst o th ba rb. n an quar um o 30 ga lons or mor, young n­o Brb my atta n a lngth o 9 nchs n bout s onths. T no B rbs a re long l vd nd ctv. Th oldr thy get, the mor coloru l thy bom. h bas d t ust b aug mntd wth vgt b mattr vry day. vd jumpers, ths fish mng to sc p by ju mpng through th sm l lst rv n ta n k l d . As wth ost ba rbs, trms o t­perture rsu l t n u n a lthy fish tht hv dd o otn l ttl olor. Kp th watr tmprtur t to 80 dg rs F

HNE O CN are eacu l , h rdy shoa lrs ro h na . They l s u vve n ter rom g es . ert b p. w dvlod ro th s ss.

. emifaciolatu o n

4

TIO BARB abu chwanneldi o 1 2 n

TIER ARB 8 ona o 2 n.

HERRY BA 8. iHey 2 in

TIGE MTN BB a r h mos pop a of a h barbs or aquar u ms hy a r ha rdy nd a n h olor a l ya r Kp th n ag hoos On on or wo o h argr nd v s n a shool bom fi n n pprs Th on ly rmdy for ths s o so la hm hs fis w l d sp lay hr f ls olor ng f hy a r prov dd wh a goo bs d , so war and p lny o araon A b no form s so ava b

HEY BB, rom Cylon, va ry n h s of thr sr k ng hrry olor lhough ardy, hy an a so bom q u hy p lad wh agg rssv sps hs r r ng bhavor an b supprssd by kpng hm n l a rg shools and a l lown g only fish o h sam s z o mng l wh hm Kp h wa 7 o 8 dgr F n a w -pand a nk

5

GLI eq i e l iv ing cond it ions d iffent a ohe cyp in ids desci bed in this boo. N te toica l s, they do best n wate at lowe tpeatu es, suviving in cond itions that a Neon et o exa mpe, co l not. Godfish ca n o nd i n acya d ponds i n pint-si ows .

A two-i nch Go dfish eq i e at least wo gal lons o ate. In l ess wate, its g owth wi l be snte nd its l i e span shoened . In a avoab le envion­ment, howeve, a Goldfish wi l l ive o s ong a s yea s

thee a e too ma ny Go dfish i n a n aqai they i l l be seen gasping at the suace o a i the fish ust be ep in a naeated conta ine, select he on that has the l a gest su ace a ea . Mo oxygen wi l l be a bsobed though th is g eate a e A ow with no aaion us be c leaned at eas n e. Even in aated fi l teed ta n s, Golds ssy. he ho ld e on w o h

GLDFISH

r r

ga o aqar

VR S GIS

fis per five g a l lons o water. I only an nderg rave fi ter i s sed, i t w i l l c log rater q ick ly. A cor fi ter is better, ad a n os ide fi l ter is sti l l more desi ab le . An ndergravel fi er may be ti l ied in cnj nction with e i ter a corner or a n ots ide fi l te

Goldfis shod a lways be p aced i n water tat as been aged a least tweyor ors . tti ng tem i e a ae a resu i a cemca l or tempeat re sok. ean nca ed g l ass ice or i k bo les ca be sed or ag ig e wate. Gold ­fish a re sensi tive to extremes o ac id or a l ka l in ter com posit ion. ever se a eate or Goldfis do best at room emperares. Water at a te­peatre a bove 8 degees F wi l l , i n act, encorag inectios, especia l y ngs d iseases

Goldfis that beg i n o lose ei co lor proba bly need more vegetatio a d l ig . D i ect s l igt i s best. ese fis com moy ose some o te i r co lor with age, howeve

VA R E I ES F L D F S ot

Vt

A lwed to eat thei fi l l , Gol dfish wi l l oveeat to obesty eep m at a o fiss stomah s noma ly o ly s l ightly la ge tha i ts eye. eed t oy enogh t fi l l abo " eyes" Golfish l i e t n i bble on p la ts, so keep them sppl ied with a k ind they a ot pi to piees . Ais s a goo plant o Gol dfish Do ot feed them ex l sively o oe ind of boxed ood ol low the basi iet eommeed i this book p 28

Golfish a beome eoi a l ewome plae whee othes have beome esta b she may get a l l of his fis ipped off o be hase to eat l l o the Go ldfish that a e to o- iha bit eah ta shou l b e p ae togeh wth n o e mothbefoe hei teitoies a e too mly esta b l i shed

78

(C aras C carasss)

laced in ots ide poo ls, Go dfish do q u ie wel l , existing on insects, a l gae, wate p la ts, o the food yo spply the m . Un less the wate gets too hot o eees, is po ted, o is i soe ohe wa exee, the fish sa l ly svive. Go dfish hive s ig ly i aqa i ms, bt otside, they d o best i n schoo ls .

Despite thei g eat va iet of coo and fo, a l l Go dfish be log to he sae speiesCssis ­ts ts Tey wi g ow to a s ie detei ned by thei ev i o et. I n a ge poo s, hey may each a legh o two feet .

l l o the va ieies wee eve loped e i the by the i ese o Ja paese except the oet. Its oi g i n i s eica . evel opig new va ieies of Gol dfish has become a highy speia ied fie ld .

9

NI a re a g rop o active, ha ry, nema ning rin is hey a re sl i m an strea m l i ne, b ipe eml s a re a bi rger than ma les an hav is­en bel l ies Dn ios sho l be ep in l a rge shools . he opti wat emperare o h 72 o 80 s F

PL NI a re nive o streams an rivrs o rma. hey en joy snshine, a n i wel - l i ght aqar im, hey reflec a a inbow o co lors rom the i fi ns n bo. hei ea ry sheen may va r o shs o s i l to o p in, or b l e. ep h a n ea winow wher i ece ives snshi i ly conrol h incoming l ight nogh to estrict he g rowth o a l gae. he l a rge schools sho l b eoina nly eales.

E NIO a re somewhat el cae an o not bre s easi l i n caivity as o oth members o h g op For this reson the ar on onl ocasion l i n soe.

80

E DNI 8 nigoascia o 1 in.

ER N achyaio alboliau o 2% i .

IANT ANIO nio lri o 4 n .

ZBRAF rchydnio rero n

ZBI Zb i is bol d ly stip Nt hw th stps cnt i dw th a l n F st Id a th is ctiv sha l is n th st pp h qa i sh bc s t adc i t is ixpnsiv Zbsh y l iv t t thr ya hy r vy hady i pt i schls o bt s ix sh i a y tan Zbash nstiv to sddn cha ngs i n th wt bt thwis ty m ably tol a t p th t th wtr t 72 t 80 dg s F nd d h t bsc d it qar i sh . ig th bd i sn ma s ay cq i hd­s d h Fls ly n-dhsiv g

NT NI pc hady city t bc th s iz d t ix th wit l thz spcis A a g t icy p l td s dty Fls y div ggs

1

LG X pazorhh1 kaop

G n h n tn nt hh f th gvl n th to. pvnt th h iin t not ft tt in h q n

h Fln nvt n i l ct iv . I n lv th t tin n n t t l n. t th h i h v n

B h n n l l n t f i niv t hi nt n in qi . On i n n i l cful ith h i. i n h tn l l h t h th. h i 75

8

Y t t t t N tht t l t n l n l n t th u F lyn B l s t th tp th a Thn th wat t h l l thy l dp swtly l th thy sn Ma rls on th t t tn l l nt sh r ah n h t t

th t l ht F lyng Ba s sw l hls n vu ls on lg n s h As th ssts ths sh r l ly fly ou th wa. It th t nt t th tn ov Th y l l v sv l y l l t

FYN ou danca t 3Y

3

TI HK ntiv t hi n . hy v l ac, sha k l i k ody wih ight oa ng

· n p ns hn thy yng n y. t p s n stng p t n i ntn scking gn, i th n sp­ing p t i vrit o lg, hih i n aq i­s sh l pvi i n d it in t thi s it. gn tt y s stitt g c. T t i t r trt, c t rc ic t i ri. t t, tr tr t trr t 5 gr F ii rrl tr r r irt c.

Thes "sh ks" cypi nis rs t inn i ly n nt lt t whh t i lgns hs

CK K p n t 1 00 g l n y t nth n y 0 i nchs sl , thy ly xc 2 i nchs. Thy vy ay nd i l l at ms ods. Alga i s n snt pig th n g h th . B hs ggsiv vn whn yg n p t h ql siz n tp t O p y e l

INN HINE ctiv i nn th v n st s n ist n sthn U nt tts . y o g gns i nns th hy n nvnint s iz l g n n hi ns q i cl g s F .) et t. y i s .

84

D LD "K" abeo bco/or o in.

orulus crysopheadio o 0 in.

RD-FNND HNR otopis utresis to 3 i.

85

Q nive t he y enn e e ms ppur the n umeru rsbs i e r qur iums. They re peceul shles n becme shy i kep wih ressive species p­py he n k wih hicky e p nts in s ne­r l we 0 de rees F. Feed hem e sic ie This species esi ly becmes inece w isse p 35) T hve bi xi n e ke fi ns i n sciss i ke hin e esn wen e i nin mve. he min is emphsie y hei clin. Tis y peie nees we bu de rees he yn s hve n s r nspen

AQIN ASBOA abora heteroorpha to ln

86

ISOAI AA abora tri/ineata to 5 ln.

me

LG hodeus serius 3 n

feme wh ovpostor xended

TTG prly i n wter bve bew 60 e rees F . They re n rem mene r trpi­ l fish tn ks. They re m mny kept in q urium i n E u rpe where they re nive bu they r re in he Un ite tte.

Bitterl in n hei lse re lives in Asi hve n ique breen hbi Abut Apri l the me hnes r m i lver re n he emle's vipsi­r xtens. he mle el ets su i b e he l t hy m usse l n his me insers her vipsir in he mssel' in rren siphn epsitin ever l es. he my repe his sever l ti mes er a erd ew ys er eh yi n the mle su re he we rn he m ussel with serm. E h n e m sse l 's i l s e erti l ie by the i in the water tat is d an ove tm. Mussel respire by rawi ng wate i to t incurnt siphon, passing i ver he i l s hen u he exu rrent si hn

he es evelp n hth in the i ls Aer u 30 y hth ins hae a bsrbed he n e yl s . Then hey emee levin he musels n h rme . Bth he yun n he s h be e evl wih ive s.

WHITE O anichhys a/bonubes o 1 2

WHT C re h rdy cypri n ids. The species ws d iscovered n 1 932 in st-mving strem on ie Cld on i n ne r C non Chin. he C inese Boy o who o nd he s presented is l ive cch h is emperor, Linh Yen ioloists lter nmed te new species Tnicys (, men ing boy, nd icys, s) bones m ing wite clod) Whie C lods do bes in lrge scos They cn lere emper re r nge rom 0 o 90 deg rees F. b sho ld be ep s nery de rees s pssibe. tre m es ve onger ors l n n re sl i mmer nd more co or l tn te em es Feed he l ive oo i n d ition o te bsic d ie brin he i r riches clrs 88

yrinchei ie

he Ee m h i n is he ny pp im sh in h e s ine e n s i n his m i

G T is suckin csh sin is sckin isc i n he ei prcess nd l s o nchre he r pily win wter he stre ms i n which i ives . s fish brethe by kin wer in hr u h hei muh . T h e A e Eer kes wer in hr u h s l i beween h e ee h e bse is l i ps l run is mh

Ale Eers re vee rins he re eer l ly kep i q uriums e le off he ss sies d ff the decrtios. The m lso ee s svegers o the ded bodies oher fish. hen u Ale Eters re peceu ; o er es my fi h ech her n ls ck other sh h mves slwy. Ab ne five eve lps his hbi I hey re ese heir hld n nher fish irc l r re sp is le where he d isc ws ttche his m becme i nece Isl e hese nesir be l e Eers r r eed in hem mre. I cresin he mou l ht i the r m wl eour he rwth mre le Keep the wter s l i hly bsic n b e rees F

ALGAE EAE inochilu mon t 8 n

CH (Cobiide)

biis compris n d or a m i y o fish. h e mem bers ve tree or mor pa irs o brb s nd no j w e; t fi s s s re sma . Coiids e d ped i on bottom; may r urowers. ome b o iv n oygn-epetd wers by r is ig o su r a g u p ig a i r. Te inesi ne is ui izd s a n cessory respioy orn. This does o mea n erin nd cen wer re essa ry, owvr.

Lches hide d u ring e day. Provide se s cve i ke ocks, o s imi r steri ng ortios u ndr whic tey c n re ire. An rmy domsc pe my ndon is nou r bits b u i is depu e rm e norma is cerly sta b isd i is wise sprink le bi o ood in e wtr bere rn i n he q uium s n ig h. oces hve we deve ped sense o sme d cn esi nd hei in he k

UH CH hve wrm ke bo es n mv hh he we i ke sn kes. Be use o ei u s shpe nd mkins ey re pop q u r m h e he eye is siff spin th c n puncue he s kin, my cch in ns. ih s spi ne he fish c n dig in e boom. ts ys a re potte by r nsp ret covrig . e a s ot pot rom n j u y by srp objecs, owever n so i is est prvie so bottom, s as sa . gs ppe rs n fis's boy tra wt rp e su p. Gt vce o fis spec i s growt prssts.

h is do bs in oups o est ree. They i wd oether une one rock or orn men.

90

KUHLI LOACH cahophhalus kuhli kuhi

MYERSI KUHI

HALF-BANDED KUHLI

SHLFORD'S PRICKLY E KHL . shelfodi t 3 in

is iin lce is l ite he sh e ode in every i ecin . eep he emerture o the wer e rees F. Fee the bsic d iet.

oe he ifferences in he five K u h l s l ustrte . e i n he se y.

91

SKUNK LOAC otia ha 4

C LOWN LOCH . macacahu

U H rm Th i ln eme e he en he y I n bri htly i q uri u m hey eep h ien u ner jes r sty in he shws ree hei r wn s recm mene . re u ve piees le ne cn she l hve een se suesul ly. Fee hem he bsic ie wih p lenty l ive n c h u n ks me.

W H he ms rul n ms ppu r he les re impre rm u mr n Brne In isply n ks hey en sw m peeu l l y i n schls brbs h re s imi rly mrke n u he sme sie r s l ihly rer. C l wn Lhes s rm l i hs fi rs bu su ly lse his enen.

92

SR D H 8 yno 5 in

RNGFNND LOAH . od t 5 in

TP a re r rel i m pore. When he e ey el n re expsive. L ike ther me er heir enus the reer s s l i h s l cle r wer t o 5 e rees he o we l in rups. A n ih he ca e see r­in excite ly up n own n bk n orth lon he . e iniviu l s beme fin n i ppers.

ONENNE OCHE, o reentl v i bl e re sensitve to tons pa rtiu r es . 33) . er iv is a re o ri t ost oer s ese s a te tpia s ke i ke bo ot oas t ter atra oresse sp a oer o a rs i tem s otis.

3

T (Drdide

G T re een rrely ec ue ey r n mmn nd c use ey ide nder e re d u ring e dy ey cme u searc ciey d nig rvide tm e c c n ury ielf eiy

l l te cfi i n i mi y rm Americ e ny ple lng e ler l i ne f teir i dy pine prrude fm ec p lae On e r ry e d nd peca s e i pines a can ifl ict a i prik Hadle tee i c re e cfis smetimes em cr k­ing und en ca ptu re Te a ael use e i r me a i b ae t m a tese nise

l ing i l l k sma er s a n d ea e m ey i l l l scvenge, s d er cfis ide em i e ic d

NG CFSH cana inisimu t in

94

T T C ihhyid

h rrd fish Cryr is h prdominn nus h d irn spcis i n gnus r so s imi h hy r difficu o inify.

En h c ns q ur ium bnfi from ig a ls aclig Cryr a s hms s of im digging in h gr l i n ch hy i l no hri l l on jus lfs h ri b nd d i shoud i n hy r pi l ly fnd o iv fds. B sur h fd s ink h m ps h h r in i n h u p pr sr Shrp sons i i n u r h ouhs f hs prbing c sh so bom wih mh roundd r

I n hir ni Souh Amri s cfish i in w in oxygn nd wih m uddy boos Thy h ovd h ri of daig uddnly o h s u rf k i n g u l of air nd hn h u rryig bk o h boom Th i r is frd hru h isi n rspirion ourrin i n h h su la rizd issus of hindg u propr nironmn for hm onsiss of wr h is nur sof agd d o 0 dg rs F I n n fish r lir nd so mor nric

A shrp spin is lod o or l fin of m y pci. B c ru l n o sng his in in n As prik fom o of s spis is p i nful h h u r sin f n hu o r

95

U TI a l so ca l ld Bronze as, a re ms o l a r o te Corydoras. Oder cmes exrmly a rdy da or a ny a ri m f l a rger rs o m a ke ma l of one, e ca s kd ns snag n rdaor's mo . Usal ly cafis s o Occasiona l l y, a cas ecm manenly ked in e aackr's roa In c cass, o rdaor and e rey die

Ad l mal An Catfis a r f l lrode an ma s. A ma l lr a bno vay of is scis is o ava i a l. T a ino genr ly rcasd a r vni ls a o alf a n i nc ng Te i n oe cary ms qr

AEN AF da anu o 3

o r o 2

96

AGASSIZS CAFIS oyd iz 3 n

= =

GZ' CT i nd h h d i Agi 1 0 1 3) h p igy v d U niveiy Ag nn hi r ih h ren nd exin ype h e id ry i n ying i h i n nvi nen

Agsz' h en y he y o he h f he Ahgh n i h ­ing sh, hey y r f fod n he o i r p, h If hey re n verrod ae well ir ss f r f

97

SKUNK OR ACHED ATFH do cuus

MYR' CATISH mi t %

MAKD CATFISH . m t 2

U H D TIH ' TH

ese ree pecies confue mae u rs aem pin o idenify eir es. Fu rer re lers may le em i ncorrecly. Teir dierences a re s own clea r ly n e l lran a bve weve'r Al l ree are care fr ideic y

A air oo p someimes of diere speces soon ecome in ima riend in a q u a u m . One a l ways ceks o see e oer is in si. one example of eir desi or compa n osp, ony one ku n k Cafis ws kep in cm u n iy n k for ou si mons. Ten n­or ded o e q u ri m . I reee i re euim y ori i n a cfi y i i rced e wcomer exciedly n w re­fer y e side of is com p n in

98

G TH t t mny ther ordoras I n , ey i neretin y, e idniying, i rg u d nd e s ide my de r d rken rd in the fishs m U l ke ms tfih th gus, s peies my leve te lwe ter strt se rc v r d n pl nts nd ks

ELEGANT CATFSH an t ¥2 ln

DWARF ATFSH h t 1 % ln

el fi Bec u i r sml l ie, ey c m ped i e m l lr q urers B u r e i c

r fis v m s n s u l ic i e mir . O s extremy g siv my ic n es m l s, kee e i mi dmnnred fish

99

P T a re i k ing sped, ence ei name. Tr pessg a sm l q u a e o d , zen u bx woms a g a st e pa o g las s de, a bout al n ic a bv e g avel . A e e me, upp a n oe fis wit eou t keep m ouped a bove. You w l l d sover a l l na l a l membes e o cmm u n i ji i n e fea

EBC ie a , ave a n uer "a m" at ps eve man exea l disease v e oua i a a k m b n td wt (p 35) but e afi i m a n ea lt. T a e o a l m m u ne o dis­ease, wever, nd e sck, e sem t be m dcul t cu an ms er fis.

OPD CFH oryoras li o

mlaniius t V2

1 00

RBUS CI . bui a 1 3 in.

PEPPERD CAISH ps t 3

PPPE CTFIH ave a s g o sma l , a po ver ir bo. o b g, ma s sw m ect l a ro o a a . A ma a a ma n pa i r off Wt r mots, te la n a y oss b le saw ig sts. g sawg, t two jobast to ba st. T ma as ggs a ot om wit vta s a t t a re rt ze b sm jt b t ma . T ma t sts t ggs to a sas tat wr rvousl el et.

U' CTIH i a wa sis tat ma b asi l agg i a t. I tis a s t t nseo ca reu a s bmg i t · wat ere ats is to b a . I t ats m st be a l, e i m tat t s s a a s a pa i u p u n cu

1 0 1

UUTD D T (ori i iae

Sever iverse oms omise his f m i y f ­moe fish ha l ive in sm l l swift-flowing sems o notn Soh Ameia . The use he i r "sker" mouths o ahng o or h o l n g ono sion ry obets a n a lo fo e i n g . The "su­ing" moth is s bemial o oet ownwr for fe ng on vegan on th botom . As hey ee on l ns in heir nat l envonmen hse tfish so onsme may y n i m a ls For his eason he veeta be it o those in a viy ms e splemn wh othe oos I n l membrs o he f m y hee o moe rows o bony sues r p es exen fom he h lon he engh he boy P le hese fish in n ks o g er h is ihy p l ne n is 65 egree F TWG T re unfru ney sho ive n shy i n c piviy o voi obain ing ha -s rv sci­men purhse oly om a ks h ve n obvius g owh o g en a lga. lae a e no b n nt in you a n k so s or hoe lee r s n­h (boile bo one m i n e o the wer reg u l a ry ni g rwh is bne

TWIG CAFI alow//a ac to in

1 0

HI AJL CATFISH oici v to 4 in

DARF OTOCINCL Otcinclus ffins to 2 in

WPT T re siy couge i n he g rve on he oto o n quriu Keep ei r e r e l erte n clen. Do not house ese sh ih essy n i s, such s Gol s, t en ening o he n k req uently. If i i s nece­s ry o copl ete cen ing, sve lf e er. uerge ny gecovere roks o p l nts so hey o n ry i e the q r iu is eing cle ne . no sr u the s ies or oo o e n k co­pee y e n o ge Aer e q u ri u i ene, eve he ig s on lon n usu o en­ou rge r pi reg rot o te ge n oer p l ns in he n k

U re h e s es co on q u r i u sucker csh They re i n s l l , rless scvengers n re no estrucive is, ey il no e p l nts or i u p te otto. These l i ttle cfis speci ize i c ening lge o pl nts eep he i s l l g ro u ps o lest or T is is el ice spe­ies, n i ere is no s ufficient vege le foo, i i ie u iy

1 3

TU TH g ow rge hey shou o e kep in a nks sma e h n 25 ga ons Be use hey eoe ag essve o oe ta k is reomende I a n e u i n a n k with om m u n ts o rger fish Pefied woo oen used in he a u ecr ec ue i su race is ide o su ppo s o so ge nd a so e use this fis i kes o ouflge ise on he "woo" su ae wi e eg r eig Use wer h hs een age es e h

ese fih a re iffiu o ah hey wi d ro one h id ng p ae o nohe an even i cornee gins he g s hey w i a emseves o r m y wih hei suker mouh a n d w i no swi m n he ne hey m u s e s i d on g he g a s ge hem u o he we se so ea o re k eir suion nd e hem i nto he e. Once in he ne he afish om mony snags s hgh os a B e caeu no n jue h e fi s h emovig i

e Biseouhe Cafish is c osey ree Peosous u is es d tushed y s omie ws

ECOTOMU ypstms plecst

8 in

RE-MOHE CATFH strs dichper o 6 i.

moth and wskers

AO AFSH nephals cracides t n

T {Bu nceph

T a re u rmred atfi s h rm uh merc . her hea s we a nd he nme he en us, Bunocephalus, mea ns "hi y hed rrn the u mps ha eted a s dwn he sides A s, spa rs pnted bttm is ssnti a ec use he fish's diin ehavir. Ba n j Ctfish r cur , s prvide p ent f datme hdin paces. he a re mnvrus feedes. Keep the em perau h e wter 0 t e ees F

G TH Si u ride

G T sty i n h md strat, suspended i sm scs. eceu nd swmvn, h d pr m e wth active speces. Te snatch ther d a s t s n ks n is wa t te ttm . The sh ds. uiex wms encsed i n ster e ue r cheescth n dn e we ws them t feed fee. I n apprprie n, Gass Ctfis eet a i nws f cr.

GLAS CATI ryptpteres bicirrhis t 4 n

1

PD DP TH (Pi mlod id

imlodid catsh ra ng hrou g h souhrn xo Cntra l Amrca, nd South Amric . Al l mbrs of th f m i l hav a long, s l i m ody ca ua fin is forkd, nd th dorsa n, whic las o rc spin, is s fr forw rd on th bod h a d i pos fin is la rg imodids uull posss th r p ir of b bl h w c long th oy

D TH noctu rn l, whic is pica or mmr m i ly rgr nd mor crd h i r n k i, mor hy n joy it oot p lnts, rock p i ls, and dcorons idl p acs for d ig d u ring th day. h cfish do bst i n tr hat is nutra l , gd nd 0 t o 0 dg rs F I n o ldr fih, h sri ps d s pp r

PDT TH a r pa rticu lrl fon o worm but w i l l gobbl up mst mat fos w l ovat so much at hr stomachs bu l g, r s ing ir whol bod wl l abov th g rv l f not fd wl l noug, howvr, th ma tack othr s u r spci mns os thir spos nd com l u ish ry om oung hv no pots.

H TH r odd itis you spr shl low n k 0 galons or mor, th ma b prcs l h sh o p l you . Not nd hd nd th duck l i k sou. h mou u nd snou s rg nough o ng u lf chu of food o codrbl iz. Giv his spc m c r hr mmr of hi f mi ly 1 06

S L E N D E R R RAEFUL) A F S Pmeodea gas o 5

POLKAO ASH ilods claias 1 0 in

S V E L N S E A F S oubm ma o 8

UMLEE TFSH eiocassis siasis t n

GI CIH a g riae

BUBB CTI om Ol Wol a re mi­ a o e o 06), but tir k i i a wi o a l or bo lae. Peaeu l a lo i i a o m i a ee afi w i l l ma a ma a o fi i u g r

07

T T (C r i i

''G" T re pe r st Asa sevra yea rs o Those tat esap or ee se ee by heir os no pose a h to he eviron mens hey have inva .

These u n usu fish have both i s n pi m itive u n i ke as Ss th ta i a us their stu peoa fi ns as "es" to prope themseves hey c e y "w k" n. In hs ay hy s pe when the aters e n ha bee u su t ur in ru hts hey stay os y iin in mu a n beathi amospheri a r n u he er, he r iht ars i n oi n prey hhe es i ses o fish ie the own size hey son mi nae hateve te they n h bi.

In om u niy ta n ks these atfish attk a n t ohe fish hee te m us be kep iso ate They have rvenous a ppettes. The e petu re h e n be 50 t 95 e ees F. Cover the a q ur­i u m but eave suffit a i spe a bove o pr t fis to sa beath .

n m a y stats is ow i e a pssess h fish, so note the r a pea a Thei o or va itns in ue rays n rons

08

"WALIN CAFI li bchus 8 n

UPIW CTIH Mohoide

C PKT CTIH e e nd expnive but the e dible o l e m munit t n. The e hd nd peul but th shou l d b pvied with h i i p las T wte tem ptu e ho u l d ne om to 0 d ee F. hi speie oion l l wi m invetd o u pie down

UPW H ve d e l n l i ghtoloe bk oppoit te uu coloing o fish Ti i n d pttion t thi it o wi mmn u pde down. the fih mtu e the wim i nveted moe eq uetl. I n diml l i , wel l p nted q ui u m, hol o hee fih wi l l ze on l ge d avenge ove u . Note the l ge ee thi spie nd l o o the one bove

AICAN POKADOT CATFI ynntis ngeics t 8 n

PIDEDOW CATFI grivntris t 3 in

T TH (M l a peru rid

C TH e ol speces is am l, ha elecrc orgas i m i l a r o b wea ke a ose o elecric eels (p ) . Te sock is srog ough o lecrocue i fish, o u m b l rge oes a n d o rle n wa r haler. ese fish a re viciou d w l l aack a l l ote r fis. Te m s be solad The waer ould be eral a 2 o 0 deg e F P rovide l ea pla ts or grees a l so mea nd ve oods

WRLING HALFBAK mnys ssill t n

(He m r m p hide

TG iv-e rr i m pore ro Soueast Asa a l la males a e b s t l "fi o ess w a fig te os s s a a ooea mmbr t s ss ome aa ms, e a s F; a ree o rs o a t bsp s s l t pe ga o o water. Tes s a s mus e g ve l ve oods. The "be k" s ea s ed so b ca s fis a sot ved. 1 1 0

TCKBCK astota)

PD TCKBCK a baswat fis a sta s o t ta t a o t oten oast of Not mia . wat so b co to wt 1 tab soo o sa sa t a wat. ts tm at so 5 to s F At t sason t oo m a b u i s a -s o taton tot wt stc sectos. H a s mat t t t a . a ist s as s a t izs tm. T ma otts t s a t t o. Ts ss s q a som so kp t so ated.

PP S atiae

PP a e i e sa m fa m as sea oss a oft a cos ma fis sa oss e a o wt bo ats. Ma s ca te s a t o i fo s o ti b .

Sa sa m st a t t wat a nk. Fo ow d i etos o ba to t a sa t of a bo 1 1 P fis a foo s a s b s m Dni, a o -ba s Te fis suc t oo to s m sot P fis ot w m vica y a may a so j u m p ou f t w

nthus sfer t 6

1 1 1

TT CP (Cprnn ide

l es ou e ben t e e rder s l ivebe rin fi (p 1 1 ) . Moe a n 200 sp ma o m ol oru l our n opi l an w rm waer n a l ntnnts eep usr l a

ifi ave a ln bod (fom 1 V o ) n fla a d T do ot av al or a n a d pse fi n K l l a re no reom md r om m u ni n k r fr be innin ua rs

PH nve o Spa in and lr l ive in e upper wer levels na bi brak ma rine wes Keep wo au l t m a l ol iv- n) fr ea mature mle (bl u- rn) T ma pwn in e p l a n Feed m motl l v os t s a a o ugg h ga d ua add 1 - 2 eaoons a a l f e l ln wr n e t n k

SPAI LL SH panus rs to ln

R E D L YRE A L phosemo bau o

1 1

T a f ta 20 c f Aysemin tat a t Afc' cst east of Dah G Mt t c a fficult o d nat T a tb n d he sprn a a t l

The R Lyta l a l t ta k wt wel l plnd h a a K t cs a l l rup cnt n man l f fa l e Htc l n mre s lwl han t f t e f h ame nus Th a u u a varoul cloed su bpc.

K l l a t t t a fis Ma l l act l w l but actc l t . t bc fs a bt t t ua t acct t f b k t l t t a . a t 2) .

T d t n l htl ac a a h s rt th a ta a a l t er a l . Th atr t patu u l t 5 s F ca us ath st t l fa n hts sh u l b lt tu f a t. F t tt w t a o ca c l Kp tw t a ah a l Mal a fi t. a t la t La l nd p lt f l v f. a t t th e hn, a l va t ava a b

LYRA L A tl to 2 in

1 1

TU PYI s l vely, q u rrelsme ttom dwe le s es kep soleoe u e . Te a q ua u m su ld b a, he we ged nd d A yel w varet s a s va lae.

T pea e be g ta s mm pa o d tves) b w ss a ve w s wte Ate t pt st e td ue mtue l t T a e a te vgl u s ve l t w e a re r spp a l e w w e em a es

Remve e le ggs t wt w a g ass tbe ple em ha w st wae t w a p 5 pet bl a Se te (70 e t ee t sve w T s l t a p d e fl a w d a ls bg emp t eggse ls. Remve l gs a me we t ne.

U GU re q urelsme, r etes. les e jewe l - ke l vetes a re m . Gve tm e same e as av v the a !

SEEBLE APYS E phyoemion adnei o 2 V in

BLE GLS

1

L I ACHAX helus naus to 4 in

ANIN PEAL ISH yas el to 3 in

IMOUH PANCHAX ays dag

• (ormey . chaer) to 2Y in

IN PNCHX fom elon n ni, l ive m a o st ve in ntu e hence req u i re iv s aa u ms. t s essve. Keep onl i l a fish over the t n k! This spees l ives i n ­ wate stt spawns n floin pl n

GNTI P ive in pons h ry up sum me. The u ls e, ut ther eggs, u rie in e u, h when ra ns ome in o on ition ees, ee thm l ve fos. Pepa re pet p 1 4) fte the fish hve spawne, emove the n sphon off the we Sea l the mp (no et e in p l a st ag n stoe n rkness or hee o five months. Then submere he pe i n wate, the es w l l hath. The voaous htch­l ns mtu e i n ou eiht eeks hey l ive n a out e ht mnths. M l es fi h

EMOH PNCHX shu l be fe min ly ive fs. Two t thee fm a l es oe m l e i shool peaefu l l i n com m u nit n k

1 5

GOE R

OIA BLUEIN (OIA BLUE A ana gd Ia 2 in

GD native to so hestern U n ited Sate, re agg ressive, so so d no be kept with shy specie. idstrta dwel lers, they spwn in p l nt

C G re sot, a rdy Florid fi a l es kep in te sme q a rters ecome a ntgnti Aftr spwnin, ma les protet n d c re fo rood e youn e gae dul re o m nivr

LORIDA BLUEFINS o bt i n rom we p nted ta nks the water not wamer than 0 deg res F . They l ive a n d spawn i p nts i n the top a n d middle str Femles may ly severa l ggs di y for more ha n month a d w i l at them if the re not removed Protd eggs hah in a bout two weeks

DK a r paef ha rd fish ide l or comm n it ta k. J a pa t ie i pa is an a re va for atig mosq uito a va. l sters f eggs stick to the fem a 's ven n a r frt i l ized here . Ty a r then rubbe o ff onto pl nts Shipments of dfor h m pbakd) spimns nhea lh n d us l stri a re fond oasiona ly n pet p 1 16

MEDAA OR RICE FISH Oyzias lips 1 Y2 n

GOLDEN PHESA la ccidtls 32 n

GD PT is rw hece t cmmu­it fish. he wter sh u d be ut 72 eg rees F. reedig is the s me s r Argetie Pe r Fish (p. 1 1 5), but m erios ast moth r tw ger t ives i wer wter strt . Fee i t ive ds

UD (A epide

UD F re ifficut to keep i q u ri u m . he ee schos s the s k i m j us beeth the su rce With te i r b u g i g ees te c see either i a i r or i wate. A sow-te t k f at east 5 0 g os is eee he wter su e 72 t 5 d­g rees F . Fee them va ie iet he sexua rgs these fis re t i te t the et r t he r ig ht "eft" fem e ca cou e o with "rig ht" m e d vice vers he re vee rers

UEYED FISH na/ps aps t 1

1 1

B (ec l e

vees a e nav Nh a n d Suh an he es I nd es. Th a e s ls a i na sha l l w was, usua s ehe deep waer r dens p la ns n wc a n a ke refug. a a eas f b is t ana g, l vba e s a e e ms p u l a f a l l aq ua u fis xp Gldfish. The a el exeed hree es n l engh, mng he del f ms me aquai u ms Thr ifespa n s nl w e a s b es fish e s fic ha hey pd u ma n neans he r me, hus pepeuang hemselves

vea es ea r e yung a ve, he er l zed eggs develpng n he fale's va y I nfan ca ng vea es s n p 1 0 PIK TOP MINNOW, fm S an Cnra l merc, s xcn a l l l a ge r a pe l l d . I eq u res a a n k f 5 ga l ns w h wae a 5 5 de­gs F . and w e easpns f sa sa l ad p ga l. O l veba s a e n ivus, bu he P ike Tp in nw s a rnvrus Is ra pay and l a rgehed uh ma ke i a he de­enselss ng h s, pa c u l a rl yu ng sh Ev f l w P kes ma e assa u d . The spees s p­l c bu w l gbb up s wn unpe u n g . P ks a e an n lng a i . Undenue hes uce s l ns.

PKE OP MINNO elnesox belizns

All lvebea ale evep "p" Wt r­

exten f te anl et per eae' c

ABUSIA (OSQUITO FISH) aua affin mle, t 1 in. mle, t 2Y in.

WF TPOW eteaa fa ae, n . eae, % n

GMU s sh n t s trdcd hog h h wl d t sq s spe l wh yel lw evr a r a threat. These t ny fish ca n et da ly thei wn weight in mosq ito lavae r pupae. Thug h d ra b, Ga m busias a re iteest ing and easy to eep n a n aqua ium. Thee shou ld be at least the emales or each male . Females a re s im la r to th emale g ppy bt have dak specks n th ta i l Isolati s ecessa y bec us these fi s h bite t h e fi s o other fi s h . a ets e a t the i r yo ng . G m bsas were the fi st o the l iveea rers offered or sa le t hyists. A a bld v riety has bee deve loped .

DWRF OPMINNOWS natves o stheasten ited States, a re the sma l l est o a l l l vebe ig a i a ls a n d e a l s o e o the sma l les a l l l iv g vetebates. These activ fish a re s i ta ble or eve the sma l l st aqari m . The dea l water temperatur s 70 deg rees . t ca n ra ge rm 55 t 5 ca se th bryos develop n sepa rat stags, n l a ew ba bes a re born ach day r one r tw weeks. A nth ater th last ba by s born, b rths may beg g . I wel l ed, the pa rents w l l t cns th ffp g

1 1

GPP a r t favorits of a l l t tropical fis a r pacf l fri l a r a so prol ic tat pa i r c fi l l a a a ri m wit offsprig i a sort t a r va l or mos io corl a or l v oo for otr s a q a r i m a l av rt a s. basic it

Ma l g ppis a r orvr o rtig. f a ema rm a s statio a r a p rt r cotcts r v t is goopo i m s is rt iz sprm s prsrv i te a ' ov t a so v a ftr mals a re r move a fmal s ca pa l of aving s or more broos Gstatio a vrags a mont bt ca muc logr pe g o t i me of a a lt f t fmal a co itio in n

A prg a t ma l a b tfi b t g rav spot (a rk a r bi r al fi ust ror t t b l l W viw from a bv r is a ppa r swl l. T prpar r fo ivr kep t m a l i s l ow (abot i . ag atr at to 0 r . rov ot g p ts at ast two i s tk to w t wbor c sc rry or v t otr wi l l at t m otr fis m b kp i t sa me ta f tm av to sprs ti r gr st rbg a prg at mal a rs l t prmatr l vrs e fm a may av a ma as 200 bbs; t avrag s 40 o 50. Yog fmals av sma lr l ittrs A l l t br a r bot a rtr of a c lg Fe tm s m l l ma ls at last tr ti ms a y

Gppis l v a bot two a rs . rrs av evop m ltits o fi colors a pattrs. Ma lbs br wat t l ev a r cl lt pcms a t o g pp sows t isplay tm 1 2

GUPP Poecl etcl (fey Lebstes) me, 1 % feae, to 2 % i

Co Ro

Hk Vilai

Vrred Fag

A HAP

P fl

rbs swrd

. sa oo swrd

sr

c la ye 1 1

BLAK-BELL ED LIM a eaogae cilia m/angar 2 in

CK- IM' h l rvid p o h f l h l h o J i Cr fr th f th l iv r . Thy ldm hv or thn 40 h yo row lwl

MOLIE, fro Centr l nd South mr ia, r oftn sol d i expensively s fish for be innes. Th is is nfortun, for un less iven spe l c re, th fih wi l l pr ish To rd n aqur m for Mol l ie, l l i wih l ht ly l k l i n, d wr, dd ng tw t h r tpoons f e sa l t pr g a l lon. Keep the temper­tr ew 3 nd dre wth l l iv rrs, pvid h si d it, t i dd ii m rt in th vget ble mttr is v i l l d y Witht l, h fih w l l nh l th d su rd, preg nat female wi l l mis ry o i

h p lti s n whih hi pmnt of Mol l i riv n tores a re often poplated with nworn ry If the du lt re wel l ed thy wi l l not et thi r young. Mol l es re ensiiv t o om mon fi h ds (p 34, s ret ewly q i rd fish with thyl blue o

l l of e may vai lb le va reti of l l is w l l nterbreed, but ther offsprng my b ri l om merc l ly r sed va rties su l ly l c th hi h dorsa l fin f w ld spe mn. M ny l iv f th re y

1 22

GREEN SILF IN MOLLoecl ltp(mey Mol/es)to in

OTH VA TI EO THE

BACK OL

Seo o Oe·to 2 in

BLCK MOLL sphepsto 2 in

e 2 in

13

SRDI Xphophoru e/eri 5 n .

WRD wee orted oig i n l l Mexio. They wee th gree v riety. Si nc thn, thir flshy pe nc nd ny vitions hve d th o o the ost popu l r of l l qur iu fish . ro­vide one to two gl lons of wter per fish. The we shou ld b s l ightly hd (pH of . 2), nd its tture shou l d be i nti ned betwen 2 nd 8 dege F. Cvr th t , thes fih r ccopl ished u m pes. eed the the bs d it t let twice d i ly . Usu l ly only les hve th exnded t i l fin or swrd . ndivid u ls v ry in tem per ent, but les q uenly fight. Keep on m l with th n two les n h t n

reed ing is th se s fo g ues ( . 1 20) oods of ore th n hundrd r o u nco n, but p rents my q u ickly d uce this n u be by t­ig thir young. lck of horones us s du l t eles to ever o les.

New v ieies th u l Hbrds dvelopd by css ing with oth Sword t i l s n lso with ltys (p. 1 26) Shde red, on ple, v ry fr ue d t velv d bi

1 24

VIE IES OF SORD

LT ru macuatu o 3 n

PY, ro Mio nd l, r pl o nity fish C r nd brd in i s th s for othr l ivb rrs . S lctiv brd in hs prd d ny v ritis. Thos i l strtd r only w o th ost coon . h shd o lo y v ry s wl l th ri

V, ro h r on s th ly, h lonr dors l fin nd or lond bdy C r n rd in r h s s for othr l i vb rrs

VARIATUS

VI T IS OF VITU

1 6

Go W

no

RIE I ES F TS os ossib

1 27

GH (ntropomid)

NDN IH u meou i frsh wtr o Ind a d na ry reg ios I n qr i ms, us md iu mhrd wtr, wl l d wth two to th r t ­spoo of sa per ga o of wr I i l ly th fish r t im id, t thy come q t m Hch l i n r so y hey are d cu o feed . n ly mls hv th l di o th rys thir fi h y orn v s e n de he e m adde.

h

IER FI a re a ece i m a . Yu pec men (a u 3 nce a e eee Gn de­q spc ( 0 ga on t k a d p ley of food, ey g ro u ck y. Keep hem h h f ql e ger t a e n cmora e a d e l ed oe e r coo, ecmg aedu ac . c Tge i may ea seea ee c G d da y and e a a ungy mre

H (tr rchid

S a re c eced in u e aes of h merica ce cu e, i p ace ea , ey lose ter ye e e a ge g ce ee hae e a a a a e oom o r peca . Kee em sunh of he a me e. I ea ihe s, nw memrs a e o oead gg ac n e a a eek. a le pec he egg ad yu g . aer kep a rom emerure u a e I su d n r neua in pH.

1

INIAN GLASSFIS hada raga to 2

SIAMS TIG FISH atdes mceps o 16

ss eee o l • i

BLACKBANDE SUNFISH esgstus chaetodo to 3

29

MONO acus ageteus 5 i.

ARCER xtes ;acuat t 4 i

I NEI onodacyl dae

ONO, fom he backh coa a ae o eaen fca o a aya, e u e a pacou ta n k conta n ing aged ae o whch ee eapoon of a l per ga on hae been added. hee h do be in choo . Quck moe men oude he a nk may a ue hem o pa c and i n j u e emee hey ca n be kep th oe backihaer h eed hem an abu nda nce of e food, and keep he em peue of the ae a 7 deg ee .

HEIH oxoidae)

E, nae of backih ate in he I doua an eg on, ca nno be poded ih condi ion i n nomal an k to pem it wach ing hem p" don nec fom a oe he ae hey a e accuae o a d a nce of abou e fee and een a o fo he reflecon of g n wae a hey make he i a m . Keep hem n aged aer o hch o eapoon of a pe ga on hae een a dded he empeue f he wae ou d be 78 to 80 deg ree

10

H Scaophag idae

C come om opica I doPacfic esua ies Keep hem in ae ha has a emea e o abo 7 degee . a ea g k a a sa he hae ee g ad ae ee ch o goh heeae add a ha o a u eao o ea a a meame . 8 de ached. hdomee aa ab e a pe shops g es h meaeme

Sca s a e peace ad ecome u e a me eed hem he ba sc d e addg da de egea e mae aao od o oe esu i ch d eae 3 a kig o h a e a a be . he e a e eomous.

F H a ddae

H, fom Souh meica, ooks e ma ka by i ke a dead ea floa g o he ae. hough he sh apea de ae a d hames i acu a predao ad m us be ed eomous a mou s of e ds. ea h ca ea o egh n G da y . Kee e em eau e o h e ae a 72 o 76 deg ee . Yog ae h i s ecks.

1 3

CICI ( h dae

h d uua y m eihe u ea me a, hae we dee ed ad y e ea de he head. he head, eye, ad a e a e a ge, ad the aea e d ded he m dd e . he ate ay te da a d aa a e p y. de h dee a a hump ad ugh sa ; they d e he muh n ep a o .

F mt h d, a a k ma e tha ga s is a m pg . Gae hu d be med i u m to oa e o deoat , ue we a hoed, heay ob jets . a ge h d w bea k heae .

ih id a e be eed by may be he m te iget f a h he beha a e wh the pee ad the d dua . beed g a te the ma b y by k g ja ad ugg ng a eah he. If ne ae bea k h e, t may be aaked by he he. I he "k " aab , the pa eta b ihe a pawng teity eea day ey a e a aw g e ea t .

I boh exe, a u e dee a e e. he fema e depo a aye egg he ea ed

u fae, ad he mae pmy e e the m . th pa et fa the egg, emg a y ha a e fe e eted wi ugu. t 8 deg ee . , hahig u i e day. he pae i up the ah ngs thei muth ad moe them o pts in the g ae . I he pe, hey u he yug by a hewg a . he fee m m i g ba b e ae hoo a oud ei a e a ba by wa de away, a ae uk u a e a d u bak i te ho . h d d mae f e bu aquar um mabe ar mat ra

. moi o 4

BLUE AARA eques pulche orerl /tifos o .

BLUE S, from Souh merca, oy gru bbng n e g rave l Ts kcks u p arge a mouns of d i r, s kep e waer fi ltered w an aux l ry ous d or corer fi er Ad a bout a i rd fresh waer b i­mon y. Ecep when ey a re excied, he o der fish do o have e dark verca ba rs tha a r promi en h yung .

EYOLE ILIDS ve n srea ms n norern Souh meria . Tey ca be kep co m u n y a s, for ey se d d g e uo a ns Tese re shy fis a need d n aces Te "kyo" b c may may be cospcuous. lea waer s req u ed; ea emperaure 80 deg res

POS a re na med for he o l it her hey w firs fu dPoro leg r ra l . Teir rig ina l ppu ar y c i m bed eca use o er ease n breedng ad ter devoion in pa renood . Pors d g , spca l y at breed ng i me emperaur o e shou d e 70 to 80 de rs

1 33

GZ W CCHL a r h h of tr o ropa Sth Ari I quar u th a re uproot p ant hih prov e h p a for th . h tr hou b ot i ht aid. Fa a egg in av or n g roth of p a t. Aftr h frt i i th gg th a i ba ih b h parnr. Rov h i f th ta n Fa a ther rst spa but or u beq uent brood Spi eai otrac h i sea (p 3) A edication g ra u

YLLOW W CCHL, a o fro South Aia a r a ative peafu h hn a pt i uit t . he prr ft i g ht atr at 0 dr F a th f h th r th t p rnt h i ft a owe o sha i th osi horth rng o h oung

1

AGASS Z'S DWARF C CL D pisg gssizi e i . ee i

ELLOW WAR CCH pertns , o 2 e, o 1 %

srns /as o 1 2 i .

A O R IZ' DWAF CICID

Oscars are ot fou d i atue Ma-bed m pots rom Thailad ar brght, beco m g ve bighte w h e f e d smal Goldish

RM, sti h th meri ih ­tntey fe s s t et he i r eggs s th re t y the em wn-eting rent re r he gg rifi y y wing i r e to i r e ter (nt es! e them m whie eggs Hhng rs thee y i t y r hey r it h isee ( 35).

OR, frm the l rge ers he h m n trpis hs i m e n p l ty re yrs he ree ng f w tter ees hs t thm mr n em n Owe mn ly st f h e i ne igene n nd i ty these es Osr re hey er d g rw e f rge mrs s f re re fod sm l r e hey ee i the h mner n re mel p rens Wer nd t re n o ri , u y n ih g wi req i re est 0 g s i n yer whe g rwn Her re nt eessry f t

35

JCK fu me //au) to

CHOCO CIH I . nds to 1 n.

JCK DMPY, o Cn l Ac na af t wgh ng ca h i ggsn imin n a n cn 2 ga l lons s a n l n co ni t a n . th wachf l ns c n kep with Dempseys of q al s i . Jac Depy a fond of ggng n soing p nts. g al c n l n on ng n ing s gan ona i nos. Colors i nn ing o f ing ts. Pet co q i a a n l lng n .

CHOCOL CICHLID, fro h Aazon g on o South ca a ong h os q lo o a l cch is. Atrs a shocke n shy nch ong a g ow ( if spac a l ow) no ten- inch onste hat os not vn ge a ong t ts own n. On n l n coush i . F l a g mos of food sc a hwos chun of ha an sa l fish . h a t ho e 8 o 8 g F s n o n oo.

1 36

re o o te verg s o Grow du l s eed 00g o t k d sa suppl o l ve foods. Te e occso l l see pu c q uus tur l l gh eh e r corsg b ck d red, wch soe rees y ted to b faded ora ge Soe v ­rees a so lck te lrge l ps c racterst o speces her e s Cer l Amer

FM re pev le er tve ht the Ao Rver. Tey a re ofe foud scoo g gefi . , a e o ca a so be m xed cpvty. a er qua u ev y d keep we l aeraed c ea wae a 80 deg rees e sy, fl g y du s ake ussfco pares Eggs sou d be ea ed a fica y (p. 3 c h l gs re del ce

FEIV etivu 6 in.

1 37

FIOUH nd v dua s va ry n m pa men fom ugnacous o eacfu I s d o pa om

rees u once esa bl sed, hey a re good parens If hy become exced ey may d sen a r g ed membra os a ra o n be ow e roa remous a re om ena meca Mx COC, from enra Amerca, a re ypca l sca py c c ds. Ther d gg ng and mau ng f a ns q u cly upses a n ce y a raged aquar u m Sma ler fi s h a re aacked In naure, onvcs a re sr ed . om merca bees roagae a b os

, aves of orhern Souh Amerc, a peacefu l wen young, resemb ng Dscus (p. On a ha ry d e young Severums g row qu cl o powerfu adu t Natve a d u t are g ay wth red spot. An a bno va rety now com mon od i n sops.

1

EUH chlaoma meei o

S EVE eveum o

CVC

K RBOA R D I L De aa mauaao 4 i n .

ONGE D top/us macuatus 3 i

K CCID rna pdoa i

CHCK CC a r not o o n in stos. a i spawn i n avs, and roods a sss r now and tn. s fis a r d in ba a ag ta n ks tat ar spa rs p a nt

KE CCH is on o th ma ny ongatd i ids rom tropica Sout ra I ng u s u suspt pry swty e ta o a ovrszd vit i vua y d isa ppa s as t ma i s downd i n g u ps . iks spawn in p ts, and mas assum a ring sponii itis Cov t ank .

NG CH a navs o d ia Comeria brdrs us on taspo o sa pr g a o n o f watr, wi is a ina ed a 80 deg rs F . Es a r a id on coa d su acs i t sua cc i d mar, ad osw m m g ry a r atad on sor trads. Te you g d on pa rnta s i (p 1 44)

1 9

TT Geopagus juupa o

EYPIN MOUHBROODER emhpcms mu/ico/o (oey apochoms muo/o o

DES, ate te troic orer Sout merca, a bua y u e e r ed su to te bttom ad scp up a uu f rael Tey st out ood pa rtic es e rae, ic i s en seed r e cer eca use i, r e aquar u , rud pebbe Su rae es a re ude ra e . Tese peac­u mubrdr ccasa y breed in ca tii .

AN MOBOODES d breed i t uua c c d ma rsec e a e d a pi ad en orceu y coaxes ae o it ter er es a r a id, e femae bb s tem u p an re tem oa ac ecyed by egg te ma e's aa , e ema l e comes c e e a t uck u ay eroked egg e e re ease erm ad er e e e te ccu r, ree e ae or eek e fa cubes te eggs u, ad d u n me, e des eat y a ceg acton se cea ad aerae te e or a but a w ae aci, t reem ry ue t f­mae's mut a a p ace reuge 1

FIN J WLIS a e pugacou c c d a ack ohe fis. ey a o d g e oom ypc o e goup, hoeer, ey ae mode pa ents. ey eed eas y aua um nd he uua c d aer eed g me e cage om a da g een o a abey ed e ous ae may aack ad k u g ema e y e me e a e om a ood a e o months od hey re aa u g eac oe ae com poo s ot cr ca , but empeau e hou d be a ou 78 deg ees F .

F I PP I L S req ure a ea he aquar um th aer hat of a g ac a 80 deg ee eapoo o ea a pe ga o ecomme ded o e e e g pa g cc d e, e egg e g p aced o ad u aceuch a e de o a p a o e a mae poecs he youg ad ma eo m o upe y er mate' peece a mu e emoed eoe se h u rts h m he youg a e ey de cae.

AR CAN J WL S mchoms maculatus o 5

AR CAN PU RPL C C L D lts l o 4

141

NGEIS rpy /r 5

G nown o nyon who h wn a n a q uar ium Tee cic id a re pec lovin an odesrucive ccaioa a a rg ge become aggriv The t riv i n normal cndi ions o a we l -ma aged roica commun i y a k in whic er a re oe q u it h h wa sou be 7 o 8 deg rees a d ba rey ci

hosnd of nge lfih a re bred aua y by commrcia h al n om a q ur iu i w rd in pince o wac wo we -p i d nge pawn on an maon P la n or on a ri p of la a i l ihly ng ld gai n h g a h rea r in of h a mi ly by he pa ren can a lso b oberved. Som poo pa rn, owv.

gg ca b r r aricia l by p ac ig e af or he egcov la in frsh a p war a

14

been l eh h se epeue h spnng n A bubbls su l d ru le ps h g n h he Hhng u n hree ys. s sn s her yl sa s d sslved he ew y hd re-sw m ry shu ld be fe be shr mp ad e e fds

s n nusu l f fele i l ds bed s iply heselves f eggs. e le gg e pue peed ly y epl ig p ne ne f h p y b sr l .

Angels e f epes ies nd y q u ng . Fee he e enu fr e bs ely q spens re sy bu ey sn bee e enug ae d r he ges M ny v ees Angelsh ve been vel pe f h g n l lv s n .

1

C o h Azon g on o h ­van hys. h wa ms e so c n H, an 80 eg rees . Ha d, a ka ne wa w k l hese fish . resn a rd of e waer wh new ged wae hee me a mon ne ­spoon of se sa p g on e s reven s ckness. If new pecmen a re nfced wh "woms" ­ooa ns around ead, rea w an b ocs 33

provde seu r y d u s need a n k of 0 g ons o mor eed v red d e wh p eny o v foos n freq uen sm ea s .

Dscus cefu sh u pa rs shou d so­aed a beed ng ey spawn ke ohe cch l s n c e fo h broods rfic ear ng s ­ws fo s soon s e young are ee-swm mng ey feed on s me secred from a rns' k n browsng off fi s one parn nd hen h oer. fe a bou a week, beg n feed ng newy ace brne shr mp r ns n fresh we.

SU L mphodo equaa o 8 i n .

RN Z (y o S. eaa

BLE LTZ o S a

R KE

S o 8 n

LACKCHN MOHROODER m/ to

MDSKPER amu ru to 2

CKCHI OTHBOODE r ks a nd rivs of Afria his spis is f ranspla n for rig i n ponds s food I n aqar iu ms, g mn hir di ih aouns of an maer Eggs a r feri l d hey a r l a i d hen inc aed a nd a r for s i he Egypia n Mohbroodr ( 40x m i nbaes h gg

DSKIPPE (ro

DKIPPER b g ing ys h g when hes m o of h r o mangrov s mps wh hey iv. hy r j mp on h i r peor nsskipping ros mudas hey pa use i n m uddy poos w i g i s hy may vn imb ono ogs or rok bask bu j u m p back ino poo s when a a rmed an ks shou ld be ovrd a nd pa rly errsria l ih oo s o war fou r o s ix inches dep Add wo aspoon of sea s l pr g l lon of r

MNG PE nb testdne to 8 n.

HH

ih i p ophri i r io rh or r ov h i l . h hi i p h d h i dr h h hi i l i h do hv i r h h i h lr h h er h vlp pi rry i e ov h Lihh r v i r. Th r ir . e oi h ol iv r h v r. h r pee h h d h i i l h r onivorus. Mo peie h i i d u e for rd i

MBNG PH o ru prh re h i i pivi he prdor l hro l p. ropl l i hev hi i p o h i h w y. E flo rdo y i l hhi

A, or i hi ih le r r ow rd hr l B di on he h h b h i hh in l ve food h eper o h h d 80 de re . o o e oh l e he r r . h i er p d i d y h i

s

FIGTIN FI spls to 2 in

om Asian pope age pub­ figing coe been mal Be Or he year of lciv bredng any varieties of fi and color a bn avd o ti ecie Do no e

stfin ne immau r le fr a fmale ae only a e ek ol ll gh ech ohr Fale ner gh l p hei bubbl n i rr and fry in plac i l h eae h nt

A s mac wih y l a l ly o hus h ml lass eggs wih h male i m mediaely ri l is eor e eggs s i he ma l cachs hm i n i s mouh a nd "b low em i o e es er spaw i g is compld mov ema le. P lace er i md icad wa o ha l ay orn fins . a les car or spawn nd a l so o youg u i l ey a r reesimmin h mov ma le Youg fiss fi rs ood is inusoria d o eas a r o ld a wo ya s

47

DF HO GOIS na e ea ern nd a, hae ga ned popu a y reen y Tey a e eaeu u hy, eed g d g ae ape ea r mag ned da nes a e e e e e u e a mae a . ee nma y ae a dak e a g e r a ks. spawnng me, e ema 's p fade, and e ma e' deepens n coor .

I GOIS a e y n mea n e "g an f e gua m wrd, K g ua m g ce e eng. Tu , ay mae are ne u des ue a aeed n a g a s. gg uua ly a u n ne m e a en pawn ng e a es ay a sea m f u es e e ne perd a y .

DWA R F H N Y U RA I Colsa chuna 2 in

1 8

C facat n.

TC P GURI olisa labiosa to JV in

DAF GURI . /alia to 2 in

HILIP GOUMIS occasa y sow up wh oher gura m s mes bu a re usua y fr sa a rge u m bers Te a rrw k a a rud e s ma kes e r ps a pea r eaer a ey ae a c m m u y a k g s r a rger a ke we e o a basc e ese a re peace fis a es a cr er bu e es apaa s u rce a s g w g eggs fla up o or a e sp no e es

DF GOMIS a re sy bu eeu desr e e m e csrs e e s g y, wea g o ees eaes a gae, a wgs or re rceme es e speces ce a rger surce a re a aer e e b e me m s es as s a meer s eep, a rem s a og aer e yug ear e bsc e m us be a ugmee w vegeao

49

KSS N OU RAM eosom emmcki o

ARAD S E copous opeculis to 4 n

ISSIN OMIS a re know or e i r habi of eening ei r ik fley i a ki ig T i k i ng is no be ieved o be i e wi e for even i m mature K ising Gou ra mis eem e joy "kis ing." Keep ese in a nks of a eas 20 ga on an saisfy eir uge peies by serv­ing mea s at eas we dai y egea be mtter su be added a sup ement a eas oe mea l . i ig ourais ega i yi aw ing ebrae a byrise bu ey o bu i a bubbe ne. arge sh may pr ue a ua nd egg a flt r y un i a ng .

PISE FISH have su u irb e em pra ents a e i r pu a riy a ray i m i n ie Te emeraure of e waer u o eee 7 degrees . eay foods a r a se a eir bas iet. Pa rad ise is figh eir by o ig jaws n e uua i i as i or by biing e i r op­nen' flans . a es aak r a g u a r e i r net viiouy. a bno variey o is speies is so ava ab le

1 50

PL GO a re pleasng pes . Thog h firs, ey ecome q e ae and easy o keep n med imsied com mny a n ks . They w l l el do aack ohe s . The m le s a genleman co rs ip, no d rvn he female oo hard and no n ppng he ns . Remove he female a nd o s afer pawnng s compled so a e male can gard h s l a rge le nes n peace. This specie i o c ed Lce Gour m i or Moic Gou r m i Prim e me hve red ch et

OONLGHT GO are a food sh n he naive Tha i l a n d . a r a nd disposi ion a re he sa me as for he pvos species, la rge spec mn may pck on smal ler more do le peces. Ths fish a re a l mos fl l g ron before hy reach sexa ma riy a nd breed. Their sh im mering mea l l i s i lver color res l s rom e reflecion of l ig h fro heir n meros iny sca les

M L I U RAMI T m crolp o 6 i n

PARL URAM Trcogater leer o 4 i n .

SAKESK GR

SESN ORM, a mog e rges of e gra m s a re consderd o be e mos acefu ad ge e o he g roup. a m y o hese fish ca n be ra sed n a an k wou worry o ca ba sm . Tey a re bubbe nes b ders. e mod fied pev c fi s or ee lers a re commo o a gra m s Tey ca be moved a ny d rec n o e fish s ad sene hi nv ronmn.

ORM, e mos o a r o l e gra m s a re hardy inxpesve ro ific ad easy o ra se Tey are somei ms a g scs o predom a y fema les. coers may occr bween ma es bu uua l y o arm res s . d u ma es av a long poed dorsa fi ema les e dorsa fi s rou ded . e o ra s breed by rodcg a a rge bbb es ad e spaw g he sa labyrfis as o Te b bbe s g ves e fry an adeq ae s y o oxyge.

u Gour r ot u t aquar u t o Hy hh y b rou to a of th young fh Gou a o u a ovrout o of na hy ut b rov th th ba t, hov th vr oor a ttr vr t th ot co o th O Gou

1 5

BUE GOUAM rop to i

O A L N E OURA I (a variety o the B lue

Goura m i )

"CROAKNG GOU RAM op vttat o 3

. •'

"OIG" GOI i am ad y e mae D g od y a e ma e ma a a g o p g ud y g u g a . ma e fen c i n de lae fe a a ma d p gae a m

5

V (Anther in dae)

AF ASALAN AIW FI a re peacefu acve c er o cmmn ty ta nk ne teapn ea a per ga aer benefi a l ggs a re la d n p a n n evra cnecuve mrnng, a nd n eaen, ey ac n ne r weeks.

O olidae)

WA O re inative, otoe l i flatfish ou ou ders r nora l i shape u as the ro th tur onto the i r s ide, their l so iri so ht it s on top . The i r outh a l so twists. Fed thes fish te s d et Provide the with sad i whih the a d ig nd a oufle temseves Ue one teapon o se sa l t per a l lo of water to provide roper sa l i n it.

5

DWA R F AUS R L N RA I NBOWF S H Mlanoan macculoc to 3 i n

ARF FOUNR chu aciatu

SPINY EE acrgn a 8 in

G PR

P sc }

P h l d h ls hy re c n l h h, h h d h l ih us h sno prorud n . eed m xed fods. r fs a r orms and iny fishes. o h ­e , s fis ca n s i ou o n ps

PU }

PFFR bc ipp o d ohr fish s h o d hen h shol d be ep i n iso l s . h sh l b s l y spon se s l f ch l l f . flow p cod h l s on i s sde i ro scu re ome s wel s sme egeion n hch n ibl. d m sch i foods s sn i s, m l ­rms if s nd hos

1 5

F O R M O R E I N F O R M A I ON

Aq uarium Journa, Sa Fa csc Aqua u m Sc, S ha Aqua­ um , Sa Fac sc, Ca f

Aquarium Magazie, & L Rub , Mawd, NJ

Axd, m ms, Scuhp, Vdwk , Pk, Exotic Tropical Fishes, T Pu b ca s, I c, g wd C fs, NJ , 1 96 1

Ax d, b R a d Lad Scu z, Ha ndbook o f Topical quarium shes, Mcaw- C, I c , N, 1 955

The Compete A urist's Guide to reswater Topica F shes d b J b, d Ps , N, 70

C, DA a RL m , Txtboo of ish Diseaes, TF Pub cas, I c , g wd C ffs, NJ , 970

Dg , VA, Pa rasitoogy of Fishes TF Pub ca s, c, g wd C fs, NJ, 1 96

ds , Rb J , Ana bantoids Guamis a n Reated ishes T Pub ca s, I c , g wd C fs, NJ , 9

ds , J , Intr on t te Cch ids, TF Pub ca s , I c g wd C s, NJ , 97 1

I s, W am F, Exotc quarium Fshes, T F Pub ca s, I c , g wd C fs, NJ , 1 971

Jacbs, Ku, Lvebeaing Aquarium ishe, Th MacM a C, N, 1 97 1

Lag er, Kar , Jh Bardah, ad Rbert er, I chhyo gy, Jh W & Ss, I c, N , 1 962

Pt b ry Gude eies, Th P L ba, Ld , ars , NJ

Sch, Jg , Rivu i n s of th d Word, TF Pub ca s, I c , g wd C ffs, NJ , 1 98

Sc d, a, bout B eeing Troica ises, Pub ca s, I c , g wd C fs, NJ , 966

Sp, Sph , sh and Invertebrate re, Jh W Ss, I c , N, 970

Sba, uh, qriu Cre- Cee sive H nbook, Su V sa Ld P u & C, I c , Nx pg, 97

Sba, uh, reswar Fshe of the Wor, Vsa ks, Lgac Pss Ld , Ld, 963

Sda, J , Encyopeda of Wter P ns, TF Pub cas, g wd C ffs, N , 1 967

Z m , S a d Shma k, Fishes, Pss, N, 1 955

A bramites m icro­cephalus, 1

A anthodoras spinosissimus, 9

Acanthophthalmuskuhli, 9 1

k . sumatranus, 9 1m yersi, 9 1semicinctes, 9 1sh elfor, 9 1

Ac b 1 3 3A h irus fasciatus, 1 Aequidens p u lcher, 1 3 3

mron i i , 1 3 3portlegrensis, 1 3 3

A 1 A 1 3 3 37A 89 Ampu llari, 37A b 1 A nabas test uineus, 1 A b l 1 1 7 Anab leps anableps, 7 A ncistrus olichopterus,

1 A 1 1 3A n opt ichthys ;orda n i , 3Anostom us anostomus, A 1 Ape ltes q urcus, 1 1 1 Aphanius iberus, 1 1 Aphyochrx rubrip innis,

Aphyosemion ustrle,

1 1 3 bivittatum, 1 1 grneri, 1 1 sjoesteti, 1 1

A oo - 1 1

Apistogra m m a agassiz, 1 3

pertense, 1 3 ramirezi, 1 3

Ap lochei lus l ineatus, 1 1 Aponogetum fenestra /is,

1 7 A l

o 1 1 l c 1 3

I X A co

co o 3coos 1 1 1 1 7 7 1 3 7 7 9 l c 8o s 1 7- 3s c 7 o l 7 o 9 7 7 o 7w 1 1 3

A c 1 3Ac 1 3A 1 3 1 Aow A stonotus oce latus, 1 3

Bacop co l i n ina, 1 B 1 7 Bb 8

A c s 7bc b 7c cbo 73 c 7 7 cow 7 7 1 7 7 1 7 3 8 3 - 7 o 9S c s 73 s 7 7 1 o 9 7 7 1 , 7 7 o 7

Brbus bin otatus , 9 conchon i us, 9

B s c c u m m i n g i , 7 1evere tt i , 7 1 fasc iatus, 7 1 hexzon, 7 1 lateristrig, 7 nigrfasciatus, 7 2oligolepis, 7 3p h u u n i o , 7 3schuberi, 7 3sch wanenfeldi, 7sem fscioltus, 7terzon, 7t itteya, 7 5

B c 8B e lonesox bel inus, 1 1 8 B 1 1 7

bo 1 7 1 7

Beta splenens, 1 7B 8 7 Boof B o 1 1 Bo-o s Soia horae, 9

hymenophysa, 93 macroca nthus, 9 m oest, 93

Brach ydn io lbolineatus8

nigrofasciaus, 8 r e r i , 8 1

B oc 1 B unoce h u s

oracoieus, 1 B f s 1

Cbob cro i n ian, 2 1 l c 9 arassius urtus, 7 7 9

carassi us, 7 9 rnegiel l strigat, 64 arp, 8

oo 1 1 s Ac

1 9 o 1 s 9 A 97 o c c

9

1 57

N

N

Catf s h nt'd b a g r , 07a j o 1 05brist e-moute, 1 04b u m b be 1 07w r, 9eectr , 1 1 0

egnt, 99g l ss, 1 05 b y r t , 1 08opr, 1 00m a s ked, 98Mye s , 8ooc n c u s , 1 03pppr, 1 0 1 p m o , 1 06

p ecosto m u s, 1 0p o l ka-o, 1 06 , 1 07wR b u t s 1 0 1 ; s l b c k , 1 00

s ove ose, 1 06 , 1 07 s k u k , 98 s e er, 06, 1 07z s p y , 9 sur m o uted: r m oe, 1 02

; t l k g , 94

j tw g , 1 02

ups-ow , 1 09

! w l k g , 1 08 w pt , 1 03 w Cvf s , b , 4 3 J Ctropo m e, 1 28 ehllm eme m 1 z ee h le

23 hn n 1 29 Cre, 43

C , 4 3 l f - be, 5 1 swor , 46

hen e l 44 h l n 6 1 C l o e , wtr, 1 4 C om, oge, 1 39h lm

h ene 1 36 ehe m 1 37 fesm 1 37 mee 1 3 8 n gf m 3 8 fs m 1 36 eem 1 38

1 5 8

C c l , 1 3 2 Ers, g o d e , 1 1 6Afrc purple, 1 1 Eh n nAgassz wrf, 1 3 1 8 c c kebo, 1 3 9 enel 1 8 c o c o te, 1 3 6 Ec l gy, 2, 4k o l , 1 33 e l , 66, 6 7

pk, 1 3 9 l etr, 67

R m re s wrf, 1 35 k f , 6 7

yl l ow wrf, 1 34 s p y , 1 55

C c l , 1 3 2 Elsem eege 1 29

bh s 1 08 l ctopoe 67

C e, 1 08 Eeh eeC o u , w e, 88 67

C o b te, 90 Eleh l 1 8

ls l 1 48 l ep tf s , 42

fs 1 8 Ele lhes 2 1

b 1 9 en 2 1

1 49 E lehnh

Covct , 1 3 8 le 82

e n nl 4 5 Es ge 1 1 5

s 95 Esm n 83

ene 96 El m ls 1 3

g 97 98 F well 1 02

e legn 99 Festv u m , 1 37

hs 99 F g t g s , 1 46 , 1 47

1 00 F at o , 1 0 , 1 1

m e ln 1 00 n g f s , 1 30

mee 98 F m o u t , 1 3 8

mes 98 F s , tomy, 3

le 1 0 1 ctc g , 3 1

b 1 0 1 t , 2 8 , 29

Coors, e lgt, 99 sses, 34, 3 5

nm se 4 6 rugs, 3 3

en m l 1 39 foo, 28, 29

enh l le 1 3 9 yge, 30, 3 1

ne fn 1 8 pests, 3 3

nleb bel 1 1 5 pevetve re 3

Cyp e, 68 slect g , 30, 3 1

Cpoo, 1 1 2 sou rces o 3 6t a s , 1 2 1

Dce, F l o b l ue, 1 1 6 F l g f s , mer c n , 1 1 6

Dn m lb 8 1 F l o u er, w rf 1 54

D os, 80 8 1 F l g fox, 8 2

Dn e m le Fnn l gl 21

1 29 ou e f s , 1 1 7

Demgen sll Fes wter b uttef s 1 1 0 4 1

D H , 1 5 Frog , Afrcn aquat, 3 8

D rtetr, 1 40 Fn hss 1 1 6

D s c u s , 1 44 D seses, 34, 3 5 G m b u s , 1 1 9

Do l , s ve, 5 6 , 5 7 G m b ffn 1 1 9

Oode, 94 Gm 8

ol 6 o Gatoeecus es 6 Geoagus uua

40

l , 8 l o l , 4 9 Gatoemus etes o l , 6 o l 7 o l

4 6 76 77 78 ooo m 8 o b l

o , 3 4 8 o, 4 8 8 , 0 ool o l 3 l l 49

l b l 0 Gymocoym bus

teetz 46 o l , 6 6 o 66 Gymotus caao 66 ol, 89 o l, 89 Gyoce us aymoe

89

lb 0 l , 0

, 64 6 l l 0 6 6 6 3 He astom us temm ck

0 Hemcoms bmcutus

4 Hem gam m us msto g

4 8 cauo ttatus 9 gac s 49 aus 48 oce fe 0 oastomus 0

Hem aocom s m u tcoo 0

Hem ous sem taeatus

0 Heta fomosa 9 Hygo a oysem

8 Hyessobyco

castus fammeus mes u cs 4 ossceous 4 ubost gma

Hyostomus ecostomus 04

D 3 6 l A 4 Joaea f oae 6

K l l K l 67 K b 66 Kytoteeus bcs

0

abeo bcoo 8 b 46 , e ocass s samess 07 em m o o , 6 6 o ,

6 63 , b lbl l L m meaogaste m o a sess foa

b 8 90 9 9 93 oca aa 03 o 0 ucaa gooe 6 uga atas Lym aea oata 7 l , 3

Macogatus acueatus

Macoous oecuas 0

l 0 Ma ateuus eectcus

0

Masea sut o b l , , 6 7 Meaoes t u b ecuata

37 Meaotaea

maccu oc 4 Mesog stus caetoo

9 , o o 6 7 Metys sce t m u e e

6 lo l o, 6 8 8 9 o , 09 Moge yogast 3 8 o l l 3 o o , 30 Mooc us

oacatus 3 oo l , 30 Mooactyus ageteus

0 o, 4 Mouus

cysoekao 8 o o , 9 o b oo b \

4 , 0

, Myous ao 6 Myoyum sca t u

N , 3 Naostomus beckfo

eques 60 magatus 60 tfascatus 60

Nematobco ame 6 N, , 3 8 N te a gacs 3 No l , 3 6 N otos utess 8 N ua sagttfoa 8 Nymoes aquatca 9

Oyas ates 7 , , 3 so loss , 0 Osteogossu

b cos u m 4 o l s , 03 Otoccus ffus 03

1 5

P c 1 5 Pla tla co ynn a l 1 9 Panhx l n ats, 5 latpnna 1 3 ynns a n ls 10 an t hl 1 sphns 1 3 a 1 09 P o o Pll 1 1 8 P f 1 5 or, 1 3 3 Tapo , 3 8 P f A 5 Ptphyll slaa 1 Tan hhys alons 8 P v c a c o m p c ffr, 1 5 5 mp , 6

1 c k , 6 7 P c f 6 R a n fsh, af ar, 55 P f 5 A salan 1 5 B o A , 9 rc , c m 6 m 1 3 5 c , 5

Prop m , 5 o, a , 6 m por, 5 6 5 7 p h thal s c o 86 f a m , 5 2

s 1 5 Rsoa htoph 6 g o g , 9 pH, 1 5 tlnata 6 g o , 8 Pa o 7 v , 1 37 , 5 1 'Ph ysa at, 3 ook m 56 mo 5 Pl ll als, 1 7 R h s s s, 87 o , 5 2 5 3 P los s, 1 R lns 3 roy 5 5 5

P m o, 6 c f 1 7 rpa, 5 1 ! P pf 1 1 R lff ntals, 1 7 vp, 8

Pa a 5 5 R sv ltll n 58 p a, lans ons, 7 y, c k , 7 Ttan lvl s 1 55 P a 1 6 m m yo 5 To , 1 5 5 Thy lq 5 9 Amao o a ta s lata, 9 po, 1 8 cop Sc gf , 1 8 1 9 ! p Scopgo 1 T lap lanoh c pophs as, 3 opm o f c o m a S o 1 1 p k 1 8 ypocoy Sp 5 1 Toxs a lat 3 cy o asl n 59 oo 1 3 c k Svr m 1 Thost la, 5 1 f for. f c ov, "Srk ck, 8 8 5 lps 1 5 · , 8 8 5 ptoa ls, 5 1 9 S rf , 8 85 thops 5

o S m p fa o, Thpss v t tts 1 5 f oa 3 8 r 39 1 S a 5 o or S v o 5 6 Vllsn spa ls, 9 y op S v 1 5 Va as, 6 L S 7 m g o 6 c c 7 S o 5 6 N 3 S o 1 5 roo 7 o l a, War, 1 5 S S ck ck W c o , 88 pock 1 S f 1 V 1 9 ck 9 Xnops ls, 8 p v py my Xphphos h l l , o m o So 1 5 1 5 1 yphyson alats, 1 1

P y, 1 6 1 7 q fsat, 1 vaats, 6 P coom , 1 ynath a, 1 o la la 1 ynnaths spf 1 1 Zf , 8

H J