TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES. TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES ACTION: Demonstrate an understanding of basic...
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Transcript of TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES. TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES ACTION: Demonstrate an understanding of basic...
TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES
TROOP LEADING PROCEDURES
• ACTION: Demonstrate an understanding of basic U.S. Army Doctrine and the Troop Leading Procedures IAW FM 7-8.
• CONDITIONS: Given FM 7-8, FM 7-10, FM 3-0, FM 101-5-1, several periods of instruction, various training aids, and an example company operations order in a classroom environment.
• STANDARDS: Student scores at least 70% (60% for ISTD) on a written exam and receives a “GO” rating on a written assignment (paragraphs I – II and Timeline of a platoon operations order).
AGENDA
• ID Troop Leading Procedures• Receive the mission• Initial time analysis, analysis of mission,
terrain analysis• Issue the WARNO • Start Mission Analysis (MTETT-C)• Homework
Troop LeadingProcedures
1. Receive Mission
2. Issue the Warning Order
3. Make a Tentative Plan
4. Initiate Movement
5. Conduct Reconnaissance
6. Complete the Plan
7. Issue the Order
8. Supervise
1. Receive The Mission
• Begins with receipt of initial WARNO, OPORD, or FRAGO.
• PLT LDR determines probable mission.
• PLT LDR conducts initial time analysis (time
available, time to plan, time to execute
mission)
1 of 1FM 7-8 pg 2-4
2. Issue Warning Order
• Usually given orally.
• Includes: Unit’s probable type of operation/mission PLT LDR’s initial timeline Any additional information available (specified,
implied, mission-essential tasks) Initial instructions-movement/recon USES 4 or 5 PARAGRAPH FORMAT
1 of 1FM 7-8 pg 2-4
Receive Mission, Issue WARNO
Practical Exercise
3. Make a Tentative Plan
MTETT-C (Mission Analysis)• M ISSION (Analysis of Mission)
• T ERRAIN AND WEATHER
• E NEMY SITUATION
• T ROOPS/RESOURCES AVAILABLE
• T IME AVAILABLE
• C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS
1 of 9
Analysis of Mission
• Identify Purpose (the Why)
• Commanders Mission, Concept& Intent 1 & 2 Levels Up
• Specified, Implied Tasks• Constraints (Require Action vs. Prohibit Action)
• Identify Mission Essential Task
• Risk Assessment Results in the RestatedResults in the RestatedMissionMission
FM 7-10, pg 2-16
Mission Statement
• A clear, concise statement of the mission essential task to be accomplished and purpose to be achieved by the unit
• Focus for the remainder of the decision making process
• Answers the who, what (operation to be conducted and tactical task), when, where, and why (purpose) of the mission
3 of 9FM 7-8 p. 2-5
Operations
ATTACK Ambush Demonstration Feint Raid Spoiling Attack AREA DEFENSE COMBINED ARMS BREACH OPNS EXPLOITATION FORMS OF OFFENSIVE MANEUVERS Envelopment Frontal Attack Infiltration Penetration Turning Movement INFORMATION OPERATIONS MOBILE DEFENSE MOVEMENT TO CONTACT Search and Attack PASSAGE OF LINES PURSUIT RECONNAISSANCE OPNS RELIEF IN PLACE RETROGRADE OPNS Delay Retirement Withdrawal RIVER CROSSING OPNS SECURITY OPNS TROOP MOVEMENT Administrative Movement Approach March Road March
TACTICAL MISSION TASKS / PURPOSES
TASK Results or Effects in relation to:
ENEMY TERRAIN FRIENDLY
Attack by Fire Disrupt Clear Breach Block Fix Retain Disengage Bypass Interdict Secure Exfiltrate Canalize Isolate Seize Follow & Assume Contain Neutralize Occupy Follow & Support Control Penetrate Overwatch Counter Recon Reduce Support by Fire Defeat Suppress Destroy Turn
PURPOSEPREVENT SURPRISE IDENTIFY
DIVERT CAUSE FIND
ENABLE PROTECT PROVIDE EARLY
DECEIVE ALLOW WARNING
INFLUENCE CREATE OBSERVE
OPEN SUPPORT
ENVELOP DENY
4 of 9
Mission Statement
Example
3/B/2-11 INF attacks to destroy enemy on OBJ
BEAR (GL123456) NLT 041200JUL05 in order to
prevent enemy counterattack into company AO
5 of 9
Commander’s Intent
A clear, concise statement of what the unit must do to succeed with respect to terrain, the enemy, and the desired endstate (friendly disposition).
PLs do not have intent – they issue key tasks
6 of 9FM 7-10 pgs 2-16 - 2-17
Commander’s Intent
EXAMPLE
- Identify and destroy all enemy command and control elements- Control intersection of Victory Drive and I-185- Company prepared to resume offensive operations NLT 201800MAY05
7 of 9
Commander’s Intent
INTENT ALLOWS SUBORDINATES TO EXERCISE INITIATIVE TO ACHIEVE THE DESIRED PURPOSE IF…
• C2 is lost or interrupted• The plan becomes unfeasible/invalid• Conditions on the battlefield change• Purpose can be achieved in a more beneficial manner
.
8 of 9
Commander’s Intent
.
8 of 9
Analysis of Mission
• Understand assigned tasks: both specified and implied (to include your Mission Essential Task)
• Understand the constraints and limitations that affect your mission (those that require action or those that prohibit action)
• Finish your Analysis of Mission by doing an initial Risk Assessment to identify tactical and/or accidental risks
.9 of 9
Analysis of Mission
Practical Exercise
3. Make a Tentative Plan
MTETT-C (Mission Analysis)• M ISSION
• T ERRAIN AND WEATHER
• E NEMY SITUATION
• T ROOPS/RESOURCES AVAILABLE
• T IME AVAILABLE
• C IVIL CONSIDERATIONS
1 of 14
Terrain Analysis
2 of 14
Terrain Analysis
• O bstacles
• A venues of Approach
• K ey Terrain
• O bservation and Fields of Fire
• C over and Concealment
2 of 14
Terrain Analysis
ObstaclesAny natural or manmade obstruction that
canalizes, delays, stops, restricts, or diverts movement.
• Classified as existing and reinforcing.• Existing obstacles are classified as natural or
man-made• Reinforcing obstacles are classified as
tactical or protective
3 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Terrain Analysis
Existing Obstacles
• Natural obstacles involve terrain, topography, and/or physical characteristics that affect or impede movement
• Man-made obstacles involve human influence to affect or impede maneuver or arrangement
4 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Terrain Analysis
Reinforcing Obstacles
• Tactical Obstacles: Those obstacles employed to disrupt enemy formations, to turn them into a desired area, to fix them in position under direct and indirect fires, or to block enemy penetrations.
• Protective Obstacles: Obstacles employed to assist a unit in its local, close-in protection.
5 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Fix Disrupt
Block Turn
Terrain AnalysisTactical Obstacle
Effects
Terrain Analysis
Avenues of Approach
An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path.
Mobility Corridor - Areas where a force will be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow military forces to capitalize on mass and tempo .
Avenues of Approach are a series of Mobility Corridors that are mutually supporting and linked together. 7 of 14
FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
DOCTRINAL CORRIDOR WIDTH
OBJ
BN = 1-1.5KM
CO = 500-750 M
PLT = 150-200 M
MC
MC
MC
AVENUE
OF
APPROACH
8 of 14
Terrain Analysis
Key Terrain• Any locality or area where the seizure,
retention, or control of affords a marked advantage to either combatant.
• Examples:– Terrain with good observation over AAs– Terrain providing cover of an obstacle– Road junctions– Dominant high ground
9 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Terrain Analysis
Observation and Fields of Fire
• Observation is the area which one can see from a given position.
• Fields of Fire is the area which a weapon or group of weapons may cover effectively with fire from a given position.
10 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Terrain Analysis
Cover and Concealment
• Cover is protection from the effects of direct and indirect fires.
• Concealment is protection from observation.
11 of 14FM 7-10 pgs 2-19 - 2-22
Terrain Analysis
Classification of Terrain
• UNRESTRICTED: INDICATES TERRAIN FREE OF CONSTRAINTS TO MOVEMENT. NOTHING NEEDS TO BE DONE TO ENHANCE MOBILITY.
• RESTRICTED: HINDERS MOVEMENT TO SOME DEGREE. LITTLE EFFORT IS NEEDED TO ENHANCE MOVEMENT BUT UNITS CAN NOT MOVE AT PREFERRED SPEEDS OR COMBAT FORMATIONS.
• SEVERELY RESTRICTED: HINDERS OR SLOWS MOVEMENT IN COMBAT FORMATION UNLESS SOME EFFORT IS MADE TO ENHANCE MOBILITY (I.E.... ENGINEER ASSETS).
12 of 14
Terrain Analysis
Classification of Terrain
How would the classifications of Severely Restricted, Restricted, and Unrestricted terrain differ for mechanized forces and light forces?
13 of 14
Terrain Analysis
Considerations
• Seasonal effects• Vegetation• Drainage• Soil Composition• Intervisibility Lines (IVLs)• Cultural/Religious Obstacles (landmarks)• Slope
14 of 14
Terrain Analysis
Practical Exercise
GTO(GraphicalTerrainOverlay)
Light/Weather Analysis
1. Visibility
2. Wind
3. Precipitation
4. Cloud Cover/Ceiling
5. Temperature and Humidity
1 of 6
Weather Analysis
Visibility– Low visibility generally favors attacker– Must analyze light data, particularly lunar
data– Limits employment of aircraft, aerial
sensors, airborne forces– May canalize attacking forces onto well
defined Avenues of Approach– BMNT, SR, EENT, SS, MR, MS, %Illum
FM 34-130, pg 2-23
Weather Analysis
Wind– Speed and direction– Offensive and Defensive
considerations– Impact on smoke/NBC operations
FM 34-130, pg 2-23
3 of 6
Weather Analysis
Precipitation– Impact of rain and snow on troops,
operation, movement– Effects on weapons and equipment– Effects on mobility and trafficability
FM 34-130, pg 2-23
4 of 6
Weather Analysis
Cloud Cover/Ceiling– Influence on air operations– Directly affects visibility– Influence on temperature
FM 34-130, pg 2-23
5 of 6
Weather Analysis
Temperature and Humidity– Performance of men, weapons, and
equipment– Effects on the operation/mission– Humidity and effects on visibility
FM 34-130, pg 2-23
6 of 6
Summary
• Receive the Mission
– Determine Platoon’s Mission (Task, Purpose)
– Conduct initial time analysis (to plan and to
execute)
• Issue WARNO (4 or 5 paragraph format)
• First two steps of MTETT-C (Mission Analysis)
– Analysis of mission
– Analysis of terrain/weather
HOMEWORK
• Study for Quiz 1 (review reading from advance sheet)
• Complete WARNO• Complete Analysis of Mission worksheet • Terrain overlay (GTO), terrain description
(OAKOC matrix), and weather• Complete take-home graphics quiz