Triz Basics -Product Design & Development
Transcript of Triz Basics -Product Design & Development
WHAT IS “TRIZ? ”
A Russian acronym for
Teoria Resheneya Isobretatelskih Zadach
(Theory of Inventive Problem Solving)
THE HISTORY OF TRIZ• A discovery of a talented patent examiner for the Russian navy,
Genrich Altshuller, 1950’s• Originated from the study of several hundred thousands of the
world’s most inventive patents--now in millions• Altshuller recognized that the development of technological
systems follows predictable patterns that cut across all areas of technology--the speed of technical evolution can be accelerated
• Altshuller recognized that problem solving principles are predictable and repeatable--anyone can invent!
• Altshuller established schools to teach after a Stalin 7 yr. prison term—
• Altshuller deceased in 1998 at 71 years.
Key Discoveries
Are Mined for…
Origin of TRIZOrigin of TRIZGenrich Altshuller
* Today, the followers of Altshuller have analyzed / investigated over 2,800,000 patents
200,000+
Analysis of Patents*
40,000
Synthesized down to just Innovative Patents
1. Problems & solutions were repeated across industries & sciences Principles for solving Problems
2. Patterns of technical evolution were repeated across industries & sciences Technology Trends to evolve a technical system to the next generation
3. Innovations used scientific effects outside the field from where the original problem was found Scientific Effects can be used to solve problems in unique ways
BASIC CONCEPTS
• Systems evolve toward IDEALITY irreversibly
• Resolving CONTRADICTIONS as they evolve
• PATTERNS OF INVENTIONS/OPERATORS are constantly recognized and used
THINKING OUTSIDE YOUR PARADIGM
SPACE
TIME
POSSIBLE
IMPOSSIBLE
EVENTS AND EXPERIENCES SHAPE OUR BELIEF SYSTEM!!!
MechanicalEffects &
Technology
Electrical &Magnetic Effects
& Technology
Chemical Effects& Technology
Thermo-Dynamics
P roblem
S olution
THE SOLUTION SPACETHE SOLUTION SPACE
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TAPPING OUR KNOWLEDGE
All Science
INDUSTRY
COMPANY
PERSONAL
1
2
3
4
5
All That
Is Knowable
NOTE: BRAINSTORMING, ETC. FOCUS ONLY ON USING THE INNER AREA MORE EFFECTIVELY
PARALLEL UNIVERSES
• Many industries or technologies face the same generic type of design problems.
• It’s almost impossible to cope with all areas of technology, read all literature,….
• Accidents or alerts sometimes change this
• It is helpful to be aware of problem solving principles used by everyone
TRIZ Philosophy
• Systems evolves through elimination of contradictions– Problems are be represented in terms of contradictions that must
be eliminated to come up with breakthrough solutions.• Evolution of systems is a systematic process
– A number of regularities exist which govern the technology evolution. The regularities are generic over various domains.
• Previous experience can be studied and re-used – By studying previous experience of creative work it is possible to
learn how to use this experience in a systematic way to solve new problems.
• New inventive problems are hard to formulate correctly– A task is to build the most correct problem formulation.
• Successful problem solving requires a blend of generic thinking and specific knowledge
Modern TRIZ is complex - It involves many tools
• 40 Inventive principles• Function Analysis )FA(• Inventive Standards• ARIZ )Algorithm of Inventive Pr. Solving(• Su-Field Modeling )SFM(• Root-Conflict Analysis )RCA+(• Reverse TRIZ• Catalogue of Effects
OPERATORS
Abstract problem Abstract solution
Specific problem Specific solution
AN OPERATOR
Operator Example
Specific problem Specific solution
3x2+5x+2 = 0 x = ????
AN OPERATOR
Operator Example
Specific problem Specific solution
3x2+5x+2 = 0 x= -1, -2/3
Trial and Error!!
AN OPERATOR--THE BASIC PRINCIPLE OF TRIZ
Operator Example
Abstract problem Abstract solution
ax2+bx+c = 0 x=)-b+/-b2-4ac (/2a
Specific problem Specific solution
3x2+5x+2 = 0 x= -1, -2/3
TRIZ DOES FOR PROBLEM SOLVING AND FORECASTING WHAT ALGEBRA DOES FOR
EQUATION PROBLEM SOLVING
Problem: Remove cores from a million of
sweet peppers.…
INNOVATION-TRIZ,INC.
Processing Sweet PeppersProcessing Sweet Peppers
PATTERNS OF INVENTIONPATTERNS OF INVENTION
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WHAT IS THE OPERATOR?
“Slowly raise pressure and suddenly reduce it”
OR “accumulate energy and suddenly release it”• A path to a solution• A solving approach• A direction towards an answer
• Removing shells from sunflower seeds
• Cleaning filters
• Unpacking parts wrapped in protective paper
• Splitting diamonds along micro-cracks
• Producing sugar powder from sugar crystals
PATTERNS OF INVENTION
123
56789
n
4
123456789
n
ToCorresponding
Solutions
ManyTypical
Problems
Many TypicalRecommendations
forSolutions
(Knowledge base)
A large number of typical problems are available for considerationTRIZ help to marrow the search to a manageable range of typical problemsFor each typical problem, there are one or more potential solutions
Prismof TRIZ -Analytical
tools
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Triz is both a mental process and a science, as well as a selection
of tools in a tool kit
The ideal system performs a required function without actually existing. The function is often performed using existing resources. ALL systems evolve in this direction over time by resolving contradictions.
Ideality
= All Useful FunctionsAll Harmful Functions
WHAT IS IDEALITY?WHAT IS IDEALITY?
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Problem 1
• How to protect orange plants from monkeys?
Solution
Lemon = modification of monkeys.
Problem 2
• How to protect the hydraulic foil from being damaged by cavitations?
Solution
• Ice = modification of water.
39 Parameters1. Weight of moving object 2. Weight of stationary object 3. Length of moving object4. Length of stationary object5. Area of moving object 6. Area of stationary object7. Volume of moving object8. Volume of stationary object9. Speed10. Force11. Stress, pressure, or tension12. Shape13. Stability of the object's composition14. Strength15. Duration of action by a moving object16. Duration of action by a stationary object17. Temperature18. Illumination intensity, brightness, light quality, etc. 19. Energy used by moving object20. Energy used by stationary object
21. Power22. Loss or waste of Energy23. Loss of substance24. Loss of Information25. Loss of Time26. Amount of substance/matter27. Reliability28. Measurement accuracy29. Manufacturing precision30. External harm affects the object31. Object-generated harmful factors32. Ease of manufacture33. Ease of operation Simplicity34. Ease of repair35. Adaptability or versatility36. Device complexity37. Complexity of control38. Extent of automation39. Productivity
40 Inventive Principles1. Segmentation 2. Taking out )Extraction(3. Local quality or conditions4. Asymmetry 5. Combining or merging6. Universality 7. Nesting 8. Counterweight 9. Preliminary counter-action 10. Preliminary action 11. Cushion in advance 12. Equipotentiality 13. Inversion or ‘the other way round' 14. Spheroidality - Curvature 15. Dynamics 16. Partial or excessive actions 17. Moving to another dimension 18. Mechanical vibration 19. Periodic action 20. Continuity of useful action
21. Rushing through or skipping 22. "Blessing in disguise" or "Turn Lemons into
Lemonade" 23. Feedback 24. Mediator or intermediary25. Self-service 26. Copying 27. Cheap short-lived object instead of expensive
durable one28. Replace mechanical system 29. Pneumatics or hydraulics 30. Flexible shells or thin films 31. Porous materials32. Change the color33. Homogeneity34. Rejecting and regenerating parts35. Transformation of physical or chemical states of an
object36. Phase transitions37. Thermal expansion38. Strong oxidants39. Inert atmosphere40. Composite materials
Contradiction MatrixWorsening
FeatureImproving Feature