Tribal Profiles of Orissa Book 97-137 Edited also observe puberty rites for an adolescent girl and...
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196 Population Profile of Scheduled Tribes in Orissa MIRDHAS 1. Location : Sambalpur, Bargarh, Bolangir, Sonepur 2. Language : Mirdha (Kun Boli) (Dravidian) 3. Major Occupation : Earth Work, Cultivation, Wage Earning, Forest Collection 4. Major Festivals & Rituals : Nuakhai, Am-gundi, Diwali, Dussera, Dola, Phagun, Karma 5. Religion : Autonomous Tribal Religion 6. Other Distinct Socio-Cultural Features : The Mirdhas are a section of Kisan Tribe. Mirdhas’ settlements are generally uniclan and homogenous. In multi-ethnic villages they live in separate hamlets. They are an endogamous community. Their family is mostly nuclear, patrilocal, patrilineal and monogamous. Few cases of extended family are also found. Marriage through negotiation is regarded as ideal and prestigious. Bride price is prevalent and cross cousin marriage is preferred. The other modes of marriages are through capture, elopement and by service, which are becoming rare in these days. Remarriage of widows, widowers and divorcees are permitted and junior levirate and junior sororate are also socially permitted. They observe birth pollution for a period of seven days. They also observe puberty rites for an adolescent girl and the pollution period continues for seven days. The community practises both burial and cremation for the dead. They observe death pollution for eleven days. On the twelfthday they observe purificatory rites. Their traditional community priest Kalo officiates in the rituals and Brahmin priest worships the deities.The community has its own traditional council known as Jati Samaj headed by a Sardar or Kotwar whose office is hereditary. 7. Selected Demographic Profile and Parameters : Sl.No. Parameters Census Year 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 1 Population Total 26660 28447 28177 30853 32279 75940 Male 13352 13728 14225 15982 16245 37757 Female 13308 14719 13952 14871 16034 38183 2 Decadal Growth Rate 6.70 - 0.95 9.50 4.62 135.26 3 Sex Ratio 997 1072 981 930 987 1011 4 Literacy Rate Total 10.70 11.90 16.50 26.99 51.17 62.31 Male 19.50 22.31 28.51 42.16 67.70 73.53 Female 1.95 2.23 4.23 10.88 34.49 51.27 5 Workers Total Workers Total 14609 10412 14285 15813 16133 39096 Male 8810 8537 9028 9719 9242 22383 Female 5799 1875 5257 6094 6891 16713 Main Workers - - 11730 13520 9719 21289 Marginal Workers - - 2555 2293 6414 17807
Transcript of Tribal Profiles of Orissa Book 97-137 Edited also observe puberty rites for an adolescent girl and...
196 Population Profile of Scheduled Tribes in Orissa
MIRDHAS
1. Location : Sambalpur, Bargarh, Bolangir, Sonepur2. Language : Mirdha (Kun Boli) (Dravidian)3. Major Occupation : Earth Work, Cultivation, Wage Earning, Forest Collection4. Major Festivals & Rituals : Nuakhai, Am-gundi, Diwali, Dussera, Dola, Phagun,
Karma5. Religion : Autonomous Tribal Religion6. Other Distinct Socio-Cultural Features : The Mirdhas are a section of Kisan Tribe. Mirdhas’settlements are generally uniclan and homogenous. In multi-ethnic villages they live in separatehamlets. They are an endogamous community. Their family is mostly nuclear, patrilocal, patrilinealand monogamous. Few cases of extended family are also found. Marriage through negotiation isregarded as ideal and prestigious. Bride price is prevalent and cross cousin marriage is preferred.The other modes of marriages are through capture, elopement and by service, which are becomingrare in these days. Remarriage of widows, widowers and divorcees are permitted and juniorlevirate and junior sororate are also socially permitted. They observe birth pollution for a period ofseven days. They also observe puberty rites for an adolescent girl and the pollution period continuesfor seven days. The community practises both burial and cremation for the dead. They observedeath pollution for eleven days. On the twelfthday they observe purificatory rites. Their traditionalcommunity priest Kalo officiates in the rituals and Brahmin priest worships the deities.Thecommunity has its own traditional council known as Jati Samaj headed by a Sardar or Kotwarwhose office is hereditary.7. Selected Demographic Profile and Parameters :
Sl.No. Parameters Census Year1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
1 Population Total 26660 28447 28177 30853 32279 75940Male 13352 13728 14225 15982 16245 37757Female 13308 14719 13952 14871 16034 38183
2 Decadal Growth Rate 6.70 - 0.95 9.50 4.62 135.263 Sex Ratio 997 1072 981 930 987 10114 Literacy Rate Total 10.70 11.90 16.50 26.99 51.17 62.31
Male 19.50 22.31 28.51 42.16 67.70 73.53Female 1.95 2.23 4.23 10.88 34.49 51.27
5 Workers Total Workers Total 14609 10412 14285 15813 16133 39096Male 8810 8537 9028 9719 9242 22383Female 5799 1875 5257 6094 6891 16713
Main Workers - - 11730 13520 9719 21289Marginal Workers - - 2555 2293 6414 17807
197Population Profile of Scheduled Tribes in Orissa
** Child Population for 1961 & 1971=0-14 yrs, For 1981 = 0-4 yrs, For 1991 & 2001 = 0-6 yrs** Working Age Group Population for 1961 & 1971=15-44 yrs, For 1981, 1991 & 2001=15-59 yrs
DISTRICTWISE DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION (1961 - 2011)
Source : Census of India ' 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2001 & 2011
6 WPR 54.80 36.60 50.70 51.25 49.98 51.487 Martial Status Never Married 11744 13287 13384 14589 16034 -
Married 12934 13205 12870 14692 14390 -Widow 1750 1784 1723 1468 1730 -Divorced or Separated 205 164 184 94 125 -Un-specified 27 7 16 10 - -
8 Dependency Ratio 1.28 : 1 1.46 : 1 0.83 : 1 0.72 : 1 0.78 : 1 -9 * Child Population Population 10544 11775 3144 5722 4550 10128
Ratio to Total Population 0.40 : 1 0.41 : 1 0.11 : 1 0.19 : 1 0.14 : 1 0.13:110 ** Population in the working age group 11704 11583 15436 17904 18182 -
Sl.No. Name of the Old & New District YEAR1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91 Balasore Balasore - 12 43 147 - 16122 Bhadrak - - - - - 23 Bolangir Bolangir 4946 6256 6701 6891 5970 80564 Sonepur - - - - 2259 33125 Cuttack Cuttack - - 72 271 38 436 Jagatsinghpur - - - - - 187 Jajpur - - - - - 08 Kendrapara - - - - 12 09 Dhenkanal Dhenkanal 2094 1494 370 859 3 11210 Anugul - - - - 183 2051911 Ganjam Ganjam - - - - 42 712 Gajapati - - - - - 013 Kalahandi Kalahandi 1268 1125 1219 1265 426 104614 Nuapara - - - - 941 117015 Keonjhar Keonjhar 172 13 37 73 - 512816 Koraput Koraput 732 10 32 139 - 517 Malakangiri - - - - 1 418 Nowrangapur - - - - 75 1219 Rayagada - - - - 33 1420 Mayurbhanj Mayurbhanj 181 146 - 16 - 4121 Phulbani Kandhamal 593 832 449 739 - 122 Boudh - - - - 857 165523 Puri Puri 144 - 04 79 8 024 Khurda - - - - 8 4525 Nayagarh - - - - - 026 Sambalpur Sambalpur 16491 18434 19504 20294 11492 1794927 Baragarh - - - - 9350 1360428 Deogarh - - - - 1 69329 Jharsuguda - - - - 559 67930 Sundergarh Sundergarh 39 125 46 80 21 213
Total 26660 28447 28177 30853 32279 75940
MIRDHAS
