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TRIAL OSPE

1STYEARFrom ppsp usmkk

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Model of abdomenQUESTION 1

F

D

E

C

B

A

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a. Labels the structures from ( A F ). (6M)

b. What are the contents of rectus sheath?

(4M)

QUESTION 1

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a. A- tendinous intersectionB- internal oblique muscle

C- rectus abdomonis muscleD-rectus sheathE- external oblique muscle

F- linea alba

b. - Rectus abdominis muscle- Pyramidalis,-The superior and inferior epigastricvessels,-The terminal portions of the lower

intercostal nerves.

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Model of skull

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a. Identify the foramen A-G. (7M)

b. Give 1 nerve passes through foramen A and B?

(2M)

c. Regarding to the nerves, state the function of

As nerve (1M

)

QUESTION 2

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a. A-optic canal

B-superior orbital fissureC-foramen ovale

D-internal acoustic meatus

E-jugular foramenF-Hypoglossal canal

G-foramen magnum

b. A-optic nerve

B-oculomotor / trochlear / abducent nerve

c. Carry visual signal from eyes to brain

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A B

QUESTION 3

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a.a. What type of agglutination test was shown inWhat type of agglutination test was shown inpicture? (1M)picture? (1M)

b.b. InterpreteInterprete the result of the test in: (2M

)the result of the test in: (2M

)AA--

BB--

c. Give 2 conditions that can give false positivec. Give 2 conditions that can give false positiveresult: (2M)result: (2M)

QUESTION 3

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a. Direct agglutination test

a. A- Positive

B- Negative

c. - Proteinuria- Hematuria

-Bacterial infection

-Methadone Rx

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A B

QUESTION 4

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The picture shown the stages of one type of parasite.

a. Name the parasite. (2M)

b. State what is A and B. (2M)

c. State 2 characteristics of B. (2M)

d. How does the parasites is being transmitted? (2M)

QUESTION 4

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a. Giardia intestinalis/lambliab. A- cysts

B- thropozoites

c. i-2 symmetric nucleiii-2 ventral sucking disk with 4 pairs of

flagella

iii-2 axonemes and 2 median bodiesd. Fecal oral route

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A

D

B

C

E

F

QUESTION 5

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a. A - right pulmonary artery

B - left subclavian artery

C - left atriumD - arteriosus ligament

E - right aurikle

F - left pulmonary vein

b. -right conus artery-anterior atrial and ventricular branches

-artery of sinu-atrial node

c. -Great cardiac vein

-Small cardiac vein-Middle cardiac vein

-Posterior vein of left ventricle

-Oblique vein of left atrium

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One of your sister has a severe

bleeding at rightarm because cut off by

knife. Perform wound dressing to stop the

bleeding before send him to the hospital.

(10M)

QUESTION 6

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One of your sister has a severe bleeding at right forearm from a knife

wound. Perform wound dressing to stop the bleeding before send him to the

hospital. (10M)

1. Access the situation. If there is immediate danger, remove the danger and the

person to a safe place.

2. Call 999 and alert the emergency medical services.

3. Check the level of consciousness of the person. If unconscious, proceed with

CPR. If conscious, proceed next step.

4. Identify the area of wound. Access for distal colour-bluish??, sensation-

numbness??, or movement-too tight?? assess for circulation and movement of

the arm5. Apply direct pressure over the wound.

6. Place sterile dressing or clean cloth over the wound. if the there is still bleeding

put extra cloth on top of the dressing. Dont remove any impaled object.

7. Check whether the bleeding stopped or not. If yes, treat for shock (patient

complain of cold, clammy, delirious and unconscious), elevate the leg and care

for the wound. Lastly, seek for medical attention.8. If bleeding doesnt stopped, elevate extremities above the level of heart.

Continue apply pressure over the wound.

9. If still continue bleeding, do pressure point (state where is the pressure point

that will be utilize) and keep put pressure over the wound.

10.Access CSM again after finish dressing.

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QUESTION 7

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Question 7

a. State two fundamental patterns of motility (2M)

b. State 3 steps of physiology of peristalsis in this

picture (3m)

c. Give 1 example of neurotransmitter that can cause

contraction of intestinal smooth muscle (1M)

d. Give example of neurotransmitter that can cause

relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle (1M)

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a. -propulsion

-mixing

b. -contraction of circular muscle behind the

food mass

-contraction of longitudinal muscle ahead of

food mass-contraction of circular muscle layer forces

food mass

c. -acetylcholine

-substance P

d. -vasoactive intestinal peptide

-ATP

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X Y

QUESTION 8

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a. Identify X and Y. (2 M)

b. Give 2 functions ofX

andY. (4

M)

c. State 2 morphologies ofX. (2M)

QUESTION 8

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a. X- neutrophil

Y- eosinophil

b. X- tissue phagocytes

-move to the sites of infection/inflammatory where they

digest, killl and breakdown bacteria.

-process of moving to sites of infection-chemotaxis

-process of ingestion of bacteria phagocytosis

Y -phagocytic and can kill ingested organism

-against tissue parasite, able to discharge theirgranule contents

-involved in allergic reactions

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c. -2 to 5 lobes of segmented nucleus

-dense chromatin-cytoplasm contains granule:

i)primary granule: MPO, ACP, acid

hydrolasesii)secondary granule: lysozyme,

lactoferritin, collagenase.

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A

D

C

B

X

QUESTION 9

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QUESTION 9

a. Identify the structure of A-D. (4M)

b. State epithelium lining ofX. (1M)

c. State 1 hormone contain in A. (1M)

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a. A - body of epididemis

B - external anal sphincter

C - corpus spongiosum

D - ejaculatory duct

b. Transitional epithelium

c. Testosterone

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QUESTION 10

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a. State the type of this medium (2M)

b. State 2 organisms that can be cultured on

this agar (2M)

c. What are the colony morphology of the

cultureon the agar? (2M)

Question 10

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a. Selective and differential media

b. -Escherichia coli/ Escherichia coli

-Salmonella typhi/ Salmonella typhi

c. Colony morphology:

If salmonella

small, round, flat and colourless colonies.

Absence of pink colour indicates that Salmonella sp.

is a non lactose-fermenter.

If E.coli

Colony morphology:

small, round, flat, dry and dark pink/red colonies.

The colour indicates that Escherichia coliis a lactose-

fermenter

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BA

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a. Name equipment A & B. (2M)

b. Give 3 fundamental goals for

these equipments. (3M)

QUESTION 11

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a. A-nasal prong

B-oxygen mask

b. Improve tissue oxygenation.

Decrease work of breathing indyspneic patient.

Decrease work of the heart in

patient with cardiac problem.

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%

Maximum

DRUGX

Log Drug Concentration

efficacy

QUESTION 12

DRUG Y

DRUG Z

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a. Define(a)Drug Efficacy (1M)

(b)Drug Potency(1M)

b. Arrange the drugs based on INCREASING

efficacy. (3M)

c. Arrange the drugs based on DECREASINGpotency (3M)

Question 12

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a. Efficacy-The capacity of a drug to

activate its receptor once it is bound.

Potency-Amount of drug required to

elicit a response.b. Y-Z-X

c. X-Y-Z

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Slide of thymus

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The slide showing an organ.

a. Name the organ (1M)

b. Give 2 histological characteristics (2M)

c. State 2 gross features of this organ (2M)

QUESTION 13

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a. Thymus

b. Hassals corpuscle in medulla

incomplete lobulation

each lobule has cortex and medulla

surrounded by capsulec. Located at superior mediastinum, may

extend to anterior

has 2 lobes-right and left lobe

undergo involution after puberty

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QUESTION 14

You were jogging in a park with

your friends. Suddenly, a man

seemed to experience chest pain and

fainted near the road. There wasnt

any medicine with him. Take

appropriate actions and performcardiopulmonary resuscitation on

that person. (10 M)

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You were jogging in a park with your friends. Suddenly, a man seemed to experience

chest pain and fainted near the road. There was not any medicine with him. Take

appropriate actions and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on that person. (10 M)

1. Danger- access the situation. Remove the person to a safe place.

2. Response- (kneel on the right side of the person) tap the person on his shoulders,

asking loudly, hello, hello are ok sir?

3. Ask somebody to activate the medical emergency system and ask them to bring

along an AED. (Call 999)

4. Breathing- expose the chest area, maintain head tilt chin lift position. Put your

ear/cheek near his airway to feel for warm air and listen for breathing sounds.Eyes see for any chest movement. If no breathing, (check for airway obstruction)

then give two rescue breaths.Make sure chest expand with each breath.

5. Rescue breath- pinch the person nose tightly + still maintain head tilt n chin lift

position. Give breath to patient mouth.

6. Chest compressions- place heel of your hand in the middle of chest.(show how

you determine the position to place the hand) Place the other hand on top of it.Elbows must be straight and shoulder directly above hand/body in 90 degree

position. Compress 30 times with the rate of 2 compressions per second. (count

out loud) followed by 2 rescue breaths. ( do 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2

rescue breaths. Recheck the circulation

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Thank youWISH ALL OF U A BEST OF LUCK