Tri-State Autism Spectrum Disorder Webinar SeriesTri-State Autism Spectrum Disorder Webinar Series...
Transcript of Tri-State Autism Spectrum Disorder Webinar SeriesTri-State Autism Spectrum Disorder Webinar Series...
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Tri-State Autism Spectrum Disorder Webinar Series
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The content of this material was developed under an agreement from the Federal Department of Education to the Kansas Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Kansas Department of Education or the Federal Government. TASN Autism and Tertiary Behavior Supports does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, disability, or age in its programs and activities. The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies: Deputy Director, Keystone Learning Services, 500 E. Sunflower, Ozawkie, KS 66070, 785-876-2214.
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Tri-State 2018-2019 Webinar Series
Unstuck and On Target: Helping Students with
Planning, Organization and Flexible Thinking
Laura Anthony, PhD
Associate ProfessorDept of Psychiatry, School of MedicineU of CO Anschutz Medical CenterPediatric Mental Health InstituteChildren’s Hospital of Colorado
Tri-State Webinar Fall 2018
Conflict of Interest: Royalties on Unstuck manuals
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Hi, I’m Laura Anthony
I don’t know, should I watch this?.....
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
GOAL: Increase your understanding of how to identify and teach executive functioning skills and accommodate executive functioning weaknesses
PLAN:1. Describe the importance of executive functioning (EF)
2. Describe the evidence we have that teaching EF skills works well for elementary-aged students
3. Teach flexibility, organization & planning skills using specific scripts or vocabulary and other tools
What we’re going to be doing in Part 1
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
What are Executive Functions?
InitiateWorking Memory
Plan/OrganizeTask Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
Teuber, 1972; Gioia, et al 2002; 2016; Friedman & Miyake, 2017
InitiateWorking Memory
PlanningOrganization/Integration
Task Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
Romine & Reynolds, 2005; Best et al., 2011
Neural Substrate of EF Develops Slowly
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Romine & Reynolds, 2005; Best et al., 2011
Neural Substrate of EF Develops Slowly
InitiateWorking Memory
Plan/OrganizeTask Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
What are Executive Functions?
Teuber, 1972; Gioia, et al 2002; 2016; Friedman & Miyake, 2017
InitiateWorking Memory
PlanningOrganization/Integration
Task Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
“Asperger’s is like a vise on your brain. And each unexpected event is like another turn on the vise…it just keeps building until you feel like you’re going to explode. Sometimes when you explode, it comes out the wrong way.”
‐ A young student with ASD
(Rumsey, 1985; Hill, 2004, Kenworthy et al, 2008)
What about you?
• How many of you have had an experience of having a vise on your brain?
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Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Difficulty with violation of expectations
Schedules
Routines
Predict change
Flexible adult
Infle
xibi
lity
Ris
ksInflexibility A
ccomm
odations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
What about you?
• On a scale of 1 to 10, how hard is it for you to be flexible when a child has violated YOUR expectations?
14This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Inflexible child
Inflexible adult
More inflexible child
More inflexible adult
Rigid interpretation of rules
Make clear rules
Make the implicit explicit
Flexible adult
Infle
xibi
lity
Ris
ksInflexibility A
ccomm
odations
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Problems negotiating Compromise
Explicit etiquette rules
Flexible adult
Infle
xibi
lity
Ris
ksInflexibility A
ccomm
odations
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Repetitive or intense interests or behaviors
Decide when/where they can happen
Flexible adult
Infle
xibi
lity
Ris
ksInflexibility A
ccomm
odations
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Overwhelming intense feelings
Breaks
Downtime
Flexible, safe adult
Infle
xibi
lity
Ris
ksInflexibility A
ccomm
odations
Inflexibility Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
The Power of a Flexible, Safe Person
Russell Lehmann & David Apkarian @
STORYCORPS
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Inflexibility Strengths
Deep datasets, expertise in areas of interest
Persistence
Reliability
Loyalty
Inflexibility is adaptive: It limits unexpected, overloading events
Respect routines that don’t interfere
Julia ©3CInstitute; unstuckontarget.com
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
InitiateWorking Memory
Plan/OrganizeTask Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
What are Executive Functions?
Teuber, 1972; Gioia, et al 2002; 2016; Friedman & Miyake, 2017
InitiateWorking Memory
Planning
Organization/IntegrationTask Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
Rey Osterrieth Complex Figure
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
What about you? What would you start drawing first?
What about you? What would you start drawing first?
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
What about you? What would you start drawing first?
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
What about you? Can’t, or Won’t?1. Disorganized language2. Literal language3. Asks for lots of structure in new situations4. Gets stuck on details‐ doesn’t let go of small mistake or
inconsistency5. Dominates discussions without knowing it6. Behaves worse in unstructured groups7. Doesn’t set goals8. Trouble learning from mistakes9. Poor written expression, Doesn’t get good ideas onto paper10. Trouble drawing meaning from a reading assignment11. Not knowing what to study for on a test
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
What about you? Can’t, or Won’t?1. Disorganized language2. Literal language3. Asks for lots of structure in new situations4. Gets stuck on details‐ doesn’t let go of small mistake or
inconsistency5. Dominates discussions without knowing it6. Behaves worse in unstructured groups7. Doesn’t set goals8. Trouble learning from mistakes9. Poor written expression, Doesn’t get good ideas onto paper10. Trouble drawing meaning from a reading assignment11. Not knowing what to study for on a test
Lack of generalization
Put new info in familiar context
Explicitly review inferences, nuances
Teach in the setting where the skill is expected
Structure
Dis
org
ani
zatio
n R
isks
Disorganization A
ccomm
odations
Disorganization Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Example of a generalization problem
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
Don’t show what they know
Study guides
Closed format tests
Writing rubrics
Structure
Dis
org
ani
zatio
n R
isks
Disorganization A
ccomm
odations
Disorganization Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Getting stuck on details
Or, difficulty knowing what is most important
Emphasis on goals
Break things down
Explicit short rules, checklists and routines
Structure
Dis
orga
niza
tion
Ris
ksD
isorganization Accom
modations
Disorganization Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Getting stuck on details
Or, difficulty knowing what is most important
Emphasis on goals
Break things down
Explicit short rules, checklists and routines
Structure
Dis
org
ani
zatio
n R
isks
Disorganization A
ccomm
odations
Disorganization Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Example of a Big Picture Problem
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND
Keeping track of so many details can lead to overload or what looks like a lack of awareness
Structure
Flexible, safe adultD
iso
rga
niza
tion
Ris
ksD
isorganization Accom
modations
Disorganization Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
InitiateWorking Memory
Plan/OrganizeTask Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
What are Executive Functions?
Teuber, 1972; Gioia, et al 2002; 2016; Friedman & Miyake, 2017
InitiateWorking Memory
PlanningOrganization/Integration
Task Monitor
InhibitSelf-Monitor
FlexibilityEmotional Control
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
The Importance of Inner Speech
Language
Self-directed speech
Self-regulation
Executive control(Luria, 1961)
Lev VygotskyThinking and Speech (1934)
Doesn't follow directions
Talk less, write more
Communicate via text/white board
Socratic method
Pla
nnin
g R
isks
Plan
ning Accom
modations
Planning/Inner Speech/Working Memory Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
Doesn't follow directions
Talk less, write more
Communicate via text/white board
Socratic method
Pla
nnin
g R
isks
Planning A
ccomm
odations
Planning/Inner Speech/Working Memory Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Can't work independently
Use technology for tracking tasks, set reminders, instead of using a pencil
Computer-based curricula
Pla
nnin
g R
isks
Plan
ning Accom
modations
Planning/Inner Speech/Working Memory Risks and Accommodations
Schopler, Mesibov & Hearsey, 1995
Laura AnthonyUnstuck and On Target
10/17/2018
The most important accommodations of them all:Be Flexible and Keep it Positive!!
Emotions are Contagious…and Flexibility is too
You're flexible
Child flexible
You're more
flexible
Child more
flexible
Reinforcement Breaks a Negative Cycle
Coming up in future webinars
• How to tell if it’s a can’t or a won’t
• How to explicitly teach EF skills
• How do we know that Unstuck and On Target works
• Additional resources– Online parent training program
– What’s next for Unstuck
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