Trees. Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Family: Hamamelidaceae “Hamlet loved sweetgum.”...

Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Family: Hamamelidaceae Hamlet loved sweetgum. Alternate phylotaxy Star-shaped leaves Serrate leaves Prickly fruit that drops all year Flat twig things Short, fat twigs Shiny buds Ohio is its northern limit Shade intolerant Low-land tree/flood plains Useful wood

Eastern Red Cedar Juniperus virginiana Family: Pinaceae My cat,Juniper, is from Virginia. Not actually a cedar Extremely decay resistant Aromatic wood Fleshy pine cones Has scales and awns Babies have awns Adults have scales Characteristic species of old fields Likes basic soils Grows on limestone Shade intolerant Used for pencils and fence posts

Callery Pear Pyrus calleryana Family: Rosaceae Pyrus Pears, color your nana rosaceae. Dense, white flowers, Bright red leaves in fall Bad branch structure Designed not to reproduce, but failed Grafted Invasive Used for ornamental

Catalpa Catalpa speciosa Family: Bignoniaceae Catalpa, is that a speciosa? Thats big noniaceae! Indian cigars (beans) Native to Texas Planted by farmland Shade intolerant ornamental

Cucumber Magnolia Magnolia acuminata Family: Magnoliaceae accumulate the cucumbers Alternate leaves Leaves look tropical 75-80ft tall Entire leaf margins Smaller leaves Characteristic species of mesophytic forest Southern Ohio is northern limit Intermediate to shade tolerant

Umbrella Magnolia Magnolia tripetala Family: Magnoliaceae Trippin on the umbrella shrooms. Leaves look tropical Large leaves Rounded leaf base 30-40ft max Entire leaves Characteristic species of mesophytic forest Very shade tolerant

Ginkgo Ginkgo biloba Family: Ginkgoaceae Ancient tree Fan-shaped leaves Fruit stinks Male and female Urban environment Short shoot, long shoot

Pine Pinus sp. Family: Pinaceae Needles come in fascicles (bundles) Poor, sandy, dry soils Pretty shade tolerant Used for paper

Redbud Cercis canadensis Family: Fabaceae Sir, is the heart of Canada dense? Fab, I see. Cordate leaf (heart) Entire margins Revolute (rolls in) Same family as peas 10-30 ft Purple spring flowers grow strait from stem Typically gnarled Understory plant in eastern deciduous forest Grows in waste places Shade tolerant ornamental

Yew Taxus sp. Family: Taxaceae Can be 20 ft tall Little red arils Extremely shade tolerant Popular ornamental

Honey locust Gleditsia triacanthos Family: Fabaceae Honey is all the glitz. Try to can those! Fab, I see. Alternate leaves Big bean pods Ornamental type has no thorns Terrible thorns Leaves are twice pinnately compound Early successional plant Extremely shade tolerant

Black Walnut Juglans nigra Family: Juglandaceae Black monkeys live in the nigra jungle! Its jug land, see? Loses leaves early Compound pinnately compound leaves Strong smelling fruit Monkey face leaf scars The rachis is usually on the ground Stout twigs Can be huge Mesophytic coves Shade tolerant Ornamental Valuable wood

Spruce Picea sp. Family: Pinaceae Woody pegs Angled needles Hurts Found in Boreal forest Generally shade tolerant ornamental

Sassafras Sassafras albidum Family: Lauraceae Sassafras, Ill be dumb. About 10 ft. tall Have egg, mitten, and lobed shaped leaves Cinnamon colored bark Crawl up through canopy Dry, sandy slopes Found with pines Southern Thrives after fire

Buckeye Aesculus sp. Family: Hippocastanaceae Bucks asses and skulls are smaller than hippos. Ohio: Prickly fruit Smells like skunk Palmately compound leaves stout twigs Northern, wooded areas yellow: Smooth fruit Palmately compound leaves Southern Mesic

Osage-orange Maclura pomifera Moraceae Osage-orange has massive pompoms and I want more! Alternate leaves In the same family as mulberry Shiny, simple leaf Ovate, entire leaves Native to Texas & Arkansas Planted to fence in cattle because it has thorns Found in waste area Shade intolerant Great wood Has male and female parts

Poison Ivy Toxicodendron (Rhus) radicans Anacardiaceae Poison ivy is a toxic dendron. Its so radical an anacardiaceae wouldnt touch it! Has fruits dispersed by birds 3 leaves beware Climbs Crawls on wet ground Understory Shade tolerant Alternate

American Beech Fagus grandifolia Fagaceae American beech has grand foliage. Veins lead to a point Parallel veins Smooth leaf surface paper-like leaf Smooth bark Branches come off the trunk Often has hollows Pointy, long buds A bit serrate Very shade tolerant Does well in coves Not typically in a stand

American Elm Ulmus americana Ulmaceae Doubly serrate Parallel veination Gets a disease that kills it Simple leaf Oblique based leaves Large Shaped like a feather duster Found in disturbed areas

Slippery Elm Ulmus rubra Ulmaceae Likes to have its roots in water In ditches Has a mucilage layer that is soothing for sore throats Doubly serrate Parallel veination Gets a disease that kills it Simple leaf Oblique based leaves Large Shaped like a feather duster

Chinquapin Oak Quercus muehlenbergii Fagaceae In white oak group Alternate Likes basic soils derived from limestone Indented margins Simple leaves Gray-plated bark No hairs Found in Eastern deciduous forest and savannas Small acorns that deer love Used for floors Does well with fire

Pawpaw Asimina triloba Annonaceae Asimos paws are trilobed. He stays anonymous. Tropical looking Naked, flexible buds on the end Makes a fruit Smells like green peppers In a tropical family Makes clones, but needs a tree outside the clones to mate with in order to produce fruit Likes wet areas Understory tree Ohios native fruit

Sugar Maple Acer saccharum Aceraceae Shade tolerant Entire leaf margins Lobed The bud is pointy and chocolate brown Smooth bark Canadian flag Found in cove forest Shady areas Prominent in herb layer taking over Maple syrup

Yellow (tulip) Poplar Liriodendron tulipifera Magnoliaceae Hey, Larry, tulips are related to magnolias. White between bark lines Common in cove forests Very tall, strait No lower branches Spoon-shaped buds Loves to take over fields Good wood, but not for fancy things

Flowering Dogwood Cornus florida Cornaceae Dogwood comes from Florida where the corn grows. Opposite phyllotaxy Simple, entire leaves Veins bend toward the tip Dogwood anthracnose killed most of them Alligator bark Branches sweep up Tear the leaf and white cotton stuff comes out Forest understory Waste places Shade tolerant ornamental

American holly Ilex opaca Aquifoliaceae For Christmas I got Lex, aqua alpaca gloves. Alternate leaves White wood Extremely shade tolerant Ornamental Found in bad, dry, sandy soils Dispersed by berries On a ridge short

Ash sp. Fraxinus sp. Oleaceae When you ax an ash tree thats all you see. Opposite phyllotaxy Pinnately compound Bark has diamond shapes Several types: White ash found on land Green ash found in water Used ornamentally Grafted ornamentally White ash used for baseball bats Mixed cove forests Intermediate to shade tolerant

Bitternut hickory Carya cordiformis Juglandaceae Bitternuts smell like caryon. Of course it forms in the jungle. Alternate phyllotaxy 7-9 leaflets Sulfur yellow, valvate buds Has a terminal leaflet with no stalk on it Cove species Intermediate to shade tolerant Not useful wood Pecans are in the same family

Black Locust Robinia pseudo-acacia Fabaceae Alternate leaves Pinnately compound Closely related to honey locust Has thorns paired at leaf scars Egg-shaped leaves Shade intolerant Found along edges Early successional species Nitrogen fixer Bean fruits Old fields Die young 50-70 yrs old Weedy Decay resistant wood Fence posts Grey bark with ridges Leaves turn brown from a bug

Box Elder Acer negundo Aceraceae Opposite leaves Compound leaf 3 leaflets Gently serrate Green stems Samaras Weedy plant Waste places Riparian zones Wind dispersal Short-lived Grows fast R-selected Shade intolerant Looks like poison ivy

Black Cherry Prunus serotina Rosaceae The cherries shout, Prune us, Serotina.The cherries match the roses. Alternate leaves Charcoal bark Burnt potato chips Simple leaves Reddish-brown hairs on midrib Reddish fall color Waste places Dispersal by birds Used for cabinets and gun stocksfancy things Intermediate to shade tolerant Likes gaps

Hackberry Celtis occidentalis Ulmaceae 2-ranked leaves Oblique margins Serrate Warty bark Tough- doesnt get diseases Berries Bird dispersal Looks like an elm Has nipple galls Indicator of limestone soils Shade intolerant to intermediate edges

Bur oak Quercus macrocarpa Fagaceae Variable leaf shape Crenate at top Lobed below Corky twigs fire resistant Fast growning Lives long Likes limestone soils Savanna tree Shade tolerant

Red oak Qeurcus rubra Fagaceae Red oak group Has tricombs Fast growth Shallow lobes Cove forest Acorns Used for floors and cabinets Needs fire ornamental

White oak Quercus alba Fagaceae Very bumpy and warty acorns Life forever White oak group Deeply lobed No tricombs Lighter Grey-ish bark Loose bark Good for bats Alternate Simple leaves Red in fall

Grape Vitis sp. Vitaceae Climbs and crawls Not parasitic because doesnt penetrate support parasite Not a problem unless it pulls down a tree Teeth on leaves Sort of lobed Variable looking Climbs into canopy All European vines are grafted on American vines

Hop hornbeam Ostrya virginiana Betulaceae Closely related to carpinus Green bud with brown stripes Doubly serrate Leaf surface a little fuzzy Peely bark Looks like cat scratching Grows on ridge tops Drier areas

Ironwood/Musclewood Carpinus caroliniana Betulaceae Simple leaf Doubly serrate Smooth to glossy Buds are brown with white speckles Ridged/furrowed wood Smooth bark Veins dont all end in a tooth like beech Understory tree found along waterways Cove forest

Sycamore Platanus occidentalis Platanaceae Simple leaves White bark Grows very fast Had buds under the leaves Dispersed by little flying and floating seeds in balls Grown for rough lumber Toilet paper Fast decaying Good habitat for animals

Basswood Tilia sp. Tiliaceae Simple leaves Cordate Buds look like a piggy back Oblique based leaves Moist cove forest with cucumber magnolia Distinct fruit

Chestnut Castaneae sp. Fagaceae Alternate Leaf is similar to chinquapin oak Killed by fungus that still lives on oaks Very fast growing Grew in pure stands Appalachian coves and ridges Decay resistant Beautiful wood

Serviceberry Amelanchier sp. Rosaceae Alternate leaves Flowers in spring Named because people used to always bury the dead in the spring when the soil thawed, which was when the serviceberry bloomed. Simple leaves w/ small teeth Look like cherry leaves White flowers Makes a little apple/pon? Sandy ridge tops Understory Shade tolerant Acidic soils Pine-oak habitat Ornamental Smooth bark with lines Long buds

Eastern white pine Pinus strobus Pinaceae 5 needles in fascicle Branches come out in whirls Can count each whirl to estimate the age Native Grow fast Can get huge Europeans loved them because they were great for ship masts Which made North America very desirable The person who owned the wood was powerful

Blackgum Nyssa sylvatica Nyssaceae Alternate waxy leaves Branches stick strait out Bark looks like dogwood Its like a cartoon tree with a straight trunk with simple leaves Acidic soils Dry, sandy ridges Both understory and canopy Occasional tree

Hawthorn Crataegus sp. Rosaceae Horrible thorns Acer-like foliage Variable leaves Serrate margins Shiny Lots of little twigs Occasional tree Ornamental Found along streams or on a hillside, but not in thickets

Eastern hemlock Tsuga canadensis Pinaceae Dying from a pathogen, which is disastrous because it creates many microsystems Beneath it, the soil is more acidic from the needles Creates shade Found where the cool, moist, air drains off an Appalachian mountain Tiny, papery cones Short, 2-ranked needles 2 white lines on back of needles Planted ornamentally next to buildings Huge tree

River Birch Betula nigra Betulaceae Simple, alternate leaves Hairs on underside Peely, paper bark Droopy branches Native to Ohio Flood plains and river banks Ornamental Shade intolerant

Yellowwood Cladastris kentuckea Fabaceae Alternate Pinnately compound The twigs connects smoothly to the rachis Cup on the leaf covers the bud Native Grows along the limestone cliffs of KY rivers Very occasional ornamental

Fir Abies sp. Pinaceae Flat needles Base of needles looks like suction cups Smells like orange Boreal forest

Red maple Acer rubrum Aceraceae Serrate margins Three lobes Large range Successional in Appalachia Samara fruit Old Popular ornamental Bad structure like callery pear

Black oak Quercus velutina Fagaceae Scaley caps on acorns Very small acorns Scales stick up Leaf similar to red oak, but fuzzy Blocky bark Fuzzy leaves Really orange below the surface Found in drier sites than red oak Doesnt prune off its lower branches Likes sandy, acidic soils Leaves are deeply lobed at top

Multiflora rose Rosa multiflora Rosaceae Invasive Problem in Dayton Origin is unknown Has rose hips (fruit) Red berry thing Dispersed by birds Makes thickets Has terrible thorns Spray it to kill it

Blackberry/ Raspberry Rubus sp. Rosaceae Glaucous---whitened or waxy on the underside and stem Shrub Thorny Grows in marginal habitats, old fields, forest Part of old-field succession Swoops to the ground and grows a new plant Compound leaves 3-5 leaflets Some put shoots underground

Amur Honeysuckle Lonicera maackii Caprifoliaceae Opposite, egg-shaped leaves Berries in groups of fours Bird dispersed Robins and starlings Simple leaves Fast growing Monoculture Suppresses natives Can suppress the growth of canopy trees Allelopathic

Autumn Olive Elaeagnus umbellata Elaeagnaceae Looks like the underside was spray-painted silver From Russia Shrub Bird dispersed Fast growing Found in open areas Farms or farm reclaimed sites

Blue Ash Fraxinus quadrangulata Oleaceae Opposite leaves Pinnately compound Stems are angled (4) Not diamond bark Doesnt compete well Has samaras wind dispersed Intermediate shade tolerance Most resilient to EAB Found in dry, limestone savanna settings People used to make blue dye from the bark

Sumac Rhus sp. Anacardiaceae Alternate leaves Pinnately compound Grows in clumps Weird fruiting structure (looks like coral) Found in open-disturbed habitats Birds and butterflies love it Animal dispersal Clonal growth Stout twigs

Kentucky Coffeetree Gymnocladus dioica Fabaceae Doubly pinnately compound Flaky bark with orange color Occasional tree Found in woodlots, habitat margins Not useful wood Male and female trees Dispersed by ground sloths Doesnt grow in stands Limestone soils

Trees. Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Family: Hamamelidaceae “Hamlet loved sweetgum.”...

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