Treasury of the Jewels of Good Sayings,...

!!"!#$%!&'(!)&!*(!!""#" Treasury of the Jewels of Good Sayings, Ch. 4

Fourth Chapter Treasury of the Jewels of!Good!Sayings

Examination of Their Intertwining

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!1 Even if ignoble people have great wealth, they are overcome by poor people of good lineage. By the roaring of a hungry tiger a monkey is toppled from the heights of a tree.![102]

&'("#" = ignoble,!!"#$%&$ = wealth, !" = great,! (")*" = even,! !"#$%&$ = good lineage,! !"#$%# = by!poor,!diminished,! !"#$ = awesome,! !"#$ = by, !"#$ = suppressed,! !"#$%$ = hungry,! !"# = tiger,! !" = of,! !"#$# = roaring,! !"# = by,! !"# = a monkey,! !"# = a tree, !" = of,! !" = top, height,!+!" = from,!!"# = toppled,!fell.!

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2 A fool’s qualities are broadcast by mouth, but the qualities of the wise are hidden within. A stem of

grass floats on the water’s [surface], but a jewel placed on water sinks down.

!"#$%# = a fool’s,!!"#$"# = good qualities, -." = on!the mouth,!!"#$ = emerge,! !" = comma,!!"#$%&$ = of wise,!!"#$"# = good!qualities,!!"#$# = inside,!!"# = hidden,! !"#$# = a straw,!!" = water,!!" = of,!!"#$# = above,!on,!!"# = float,!!"#$# = a jewel, !"#$#= on,! /01" = placed,!!"# = even,!!"#$ = sink.


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3 Those with minor talents have great pride; on becoming wise, a person lives more modestly. A

little torrent is always unduly noisy, but how could the ocean be loud?![104]

!"#$"# = talent,!learning, !!"# = small,!minor,!!"#$ = plural!sign,!!"#$" = pride,! !" = big,!great,!'-!"#." = wise,!!"# = become,!(" = when,!if,!!"#$%# = as tamed,! 1(!" = live,!remain,! !"#$" = a!little torrent,!!"#$# = always,!!"#" = noisy,!!" = big,!great,!!"#$" = the ocean,!!"#" = loud,!1"+" = how,!why,!!"#$ = proclaim.

!"#"$%&"'%("$%")"*+ !"#$%"#&"#'#"(#)*#+,- !"#$%#'(%#)(%#*"#+, !"#$"!"%"&'(")"*+,- $ 3

!4 Low people despise virtuous people, but the virtuous do not despise them in turn. The lion safeguards the fox-pack while the foxes vie amongst themselves.![105]

!"#" = people,!!"#$%"&$ = low ones,!&'"#" = virtuous!one,!+ = to, for,! !"#$%"# = despise,!!"# = do,!!" = like a comma,!&'"#!" = the virtuous ones, !"# = do not,!!"#$%# = by the!lion,!4" = fox,!!"#$ = group,!!"#$ = well,!!"# = safeguards,! !" = like a comma,!!"#$" = a!fox alone,!4" = fox, !" = of, !"#$ = the member, +" = to,!!"#$ = vie.


!"#$#%'(#)*!#+#,- !"#$%"&$'(!$#$)*$+,$-.&/ !"#$%&'$($)*$+,$-.$/0 !"#$"%&"'"(")'"*+)", $ 5

!5 When you yield to a good person, even when he is angry, he will become pacified. When you yield to

a base person, it makes him even more stubborn. Gold and silver, though hard, can be melted, but melting a!dog’s ordure raises an awful stench.![106]

&'"#" = good!one,!!!"# = angry,!!"# = even,!!"#$%$ = when!one bows down, yields,! !" = pacify,! !"#$%"& = the base ones,!!"#$%$ = when!one yields,!!"#$%# = especially!more,! !"# = stubborn,!!"#$ = gold,!!"#$ = silver,!!" = hard,!)*" = though,!!"# = be melted,! !"# = can,!able,!!" = like a comma,!!"#$" = dog’s!ordure,!!"#$# = if melted,!!"! = stench,!odor,! *(" = bad, awful,!!"#$ = emerges.

!"#$%$&'$('$)'$*'$+, !"#$#%"#&'(#)*)#+,#-". !"#$#%#&'#()'#(*#+,-#. !"#$%$#"'#()*#+,- $ 6

!6 Wise people possess all virtues. Foolish people have only faults. All needs emerge from jewels. All ills proceed from poisonous serpents.![107]

'-!" = wise,!+" = in,!!"#$"# = virtues,!!"#$"# = possessing all,!!" = like a comma,!!"# = fools,! +" = in,! !"#$% = faults,!!"!#$%# = only,!!"# = are,!is,!!"#$#%# jewels,!+!"from,! !"#$!%$ = all needs,!!"#$ = come, emerge,!!"# = snakes,!serpents, !"!# = vicious,! +!" = from,!!" = emphasis,!!"# = faults,!ills,!!"# = all,!!"# = proceed,!produced.


!"#$%#&"'#"&'#()#*+', !"#$#%&'#(#)(*#+'#,-. !"#$%$"&!$"'!$($)$*+$, !"#$%"&'("%)*"+,"-."#/("0 $ 7

!7 Sinful people degenerate though they dwell in the forest; good people are disciplined though they dwell in the city. Beasts of prey are wrathful in the forest, yet a fine horse lives a disciplined life

in town.![108]

!"#$%# = a sinful one,!(1!" = forest,!(" = in,!1(!" = dwell,!!"# = even,! 8'! = decline,!degenerate,!&'"#" = good one,!!"#$%$ = in a village,!city,!1(!" = dwell, !"# = even,!!" = disciplined,!(1!" = forest,!!" = of,!19("1:(!" = carnivorous!beasts, !"#" = wrathful,!&*" = and,!!" = horse,!!"#$ = good,!!"#$%&'$ = dwelling in a village or town, !"#$%# = as tamed,!!"#$ = seen.

!"#$%'(#)#*+#,#-. !"#"$%"&"'(%")%"*+, !"#"$%"&"'(")"*+, !"#$#%&"#'#()#*"#%+*#, $ ;

8 Superior people look for their own flaws,!but wicked people look for the faults of others. The peacock

examines its own body, but the owl sends out a bad omen to others.![109]

!"#$% = superior people,!!"#$# = their own,!!"#$# = for flaws,!! = look,!!"#" = people, *("#" = wicked,!!"#$%#$ = the faults of others,!!"# = search,!!"#" = the peacock,! !"#$# = its own,!!"# = body,!+" = for,!!"# = examines, !"#$# = owl,! 10("+" = to others,!!"#$%# = a bad omen,! !"#$ = sends.


!"#$#%'(#)*#+,-#.*#/ !"#$#%!$'!#()"#*(+ !"#$%&$'($)#$*($+,&$-.($/ !"#$%#&"'#('#)"#*+,#-* $ <

! 9 Through discipline the virtuous preserve both self and others; through stubbornness the wicked

cause both to suffer. Fruit-bearing trees guard themselves and others, but a dry, brittle tree causes itself and others to burn. [111]

&'"#" = virtuous!one,!!"#$%# = through discipline,!.*"10(" = self and others,! !"# = preserve,!*("#" = bad one,!!"#$%#$ = through stubbornness, !.*"10(" = self and others,!!"# = to!suffer,!!"#$%&$ = fruit-bearing,!!"#$%# = tree,! .*"10(" = self and others,!!"# = guard,!!"#$%# = !dry tree,! !"#$%#$ = through brittleness,!.*"10(" = self and others,!!"# = burn.

!"#$%&$'($)$*+($,-$./)0 !"#$#%'#('#)*#&+, !"#$"#%'#!"(#)'* !"#$%!'#(#)#*+#,+#-* $ %=

10 In good times, everybody is your kinsman; but in bad times, everybody is your foe. People flock from afar to the jeweled isles, but when a lake runs dry everybody leaves.* [111]

!"#$%&$ = of prospering, !"# = times,!(" = in, >'!"9&" = all,!everybody,!!"#$ = kinsman, !"#$# = if,!!"#$# = when!declined, !"# = all,! !"# = even,!!"# = enemy,!!"#$"# = jewel,! !"# = island,!!" = to, in,!!"# = distance,!(!" = from,!!"# = gather,!!"# = lake,! !"#$%&% = dried,!(" = when,!!"#$" = anyone,!!"# = leaves,!abandons.


!"#$#%&'#(#)*#"#*+, !"#$%'$"#()#*+#+#,-. !"#$%#&'(#%#)*#)+#,-%. !"#$%$!&$'$()*#$%+$,-. $ %%

11 Foolish people are happy when they get rich; good people rejoice when they give everything away.

When lepers scratch they feel good, but wise people fear the disease.![112]

!"#$# = fools, ?!"#$# = rich,!!"#$# = when!get,!!"# = rejoice,!!"#$% = good people,! >'!"9&" = all,!everything,!!"# = give away, (" = when,!!"# = feel good,!!"#$%# = lepers,! !"#$%$ = when scratch, !"#!$# = as!happiness,!!"#$ = hold,!'-!"#" = wise,! !"# = the leprosy!disease,!+" = of, for,!to,!!"#$%&'% = as fear,!!"# = think.

!"#"$%&"'&"()$*"+",-./ !"#$%$&'!$(!$&'!$)*$+,*- !"#$%$&'$(#$)*$+,$-. !"#$"%&"'"()"*"+,-. $ %,

12 Harm done to the great actually helps them, but harm done to the inferior just hurts them. The wind

inflames a forest fire but extinguishes a small lamp. [113]

!"#" = to the great,!!"#$%#$ = harming,!!"#$%& = as!assistance,!help,!!"#$ = become,! &'("+" = to the inferior,!!"#$%#$ = harming,!1!"#$%# = as harmful,!!"# = become, !"#$%$ = forest!fire,!!"#$%# = by wind, !"# = ignites, inflames,! !"# = true,!!" = !comma,!!" = it, !"# = by,!!"#$# = lamp,!!"#$# = small,!!"#$ = extinguishes.


!"#$%!"#'#()#*#+&, !"#$%"&'"()%"*"*+",-./ !"#$"%$"&"'()"*"&+ !"#$%#&'#("#)*#+#,%- $ %2

13 “This is a friend.!That is a foe.” Thus do small minds make distinctions. Out of their love for all,

great-minded people realize no one knows who may be helpful.![114]

!"# = this is,!!"#$ = a friend, !"# = this is,!!" = emphasis,!!"#$# = a foe, !"# = end quote,! !"#$%"&'"()%" = small-minded ones,!!"!#" = separately,!!"#$ = distinguish,! !"#$" = great-minded one,!!"#$# = for all,! !"#$%$ = loves,!+" = to, for,! !"#$%# = benefiting,!helpful,!!"#$%# = who would be,!!"#$# = certainty,!!"# = no.

!"#$"#%"#!"#$"#'( !"#$%$&'$('$)!$*+,$-'. !"#$#%&'#(#)#*+#,- !"#$%$&$'($)$*$+,- $ %3

14 One who possesses virtue delights in virtue, while those who lack virtue do not. The honey bee

delights in flowers, but the flesh-eating fly is not like that.![115]

!"#$"#%"#. = possessing!virtue,!!"#$"#%# = for virtue,!&1?" = delight, love, !!" = like a comma,!!"#$"#%'()# = those who!lack virtue,!!"# = do not,! !"#$# = honey,!!"#$%$ = holder,!!"#$#%&'#(# = the!honey!bee,!!"#$" = flower,"+" = in, &1? = delights in,!" = like a comma,!!"#$" = flesh-eating fly,!!"#" = like that,!!"# = is not.


!"#$%$!"#$%&$'($'$!)#* !"#$%#&'%#(#)#*+#,- !"#$%&'$()$*#$+$(, !"#$%#&'#()#*%#'#+%,* $ %5

15 A wise person looks beautiful among the wise—how could a sage be understood by the foolish? See

how sandalwood more precious than gold was turned into charcoal by a simpleton.*![116]

'-!"#" = wise,!!"#$%&$'($'$ = among the wise ones,!!"#$ = beautiful,!shining,! !"#$%# = by!fools,!'-!"#" = a wise one,!!"#$" = how,!!" = understood,! !"#$ = sandalwood,!!"#$ = gold,!/!" = than,!!"#$#%# = more!precious, !"#$%# = by!a!foolish one, simpleton,!!"#$%# = into charcoal,!!"# = turned,!made,!+" = to,!!"# = look.

!"#$%$&'$(#$)*+)$,#$-. !"#$#%&'#()#*'#+#,-./ !"#$"%"&"'($")"$* !"#$%"&'"()"*+%"'*"!** $ %6

16 Wise people know self-reflection, but foolish ones just imitate celebrities. When an old dog

barks,!the!others go running for no reason.*![117]

'-!"#" = wise,!!"#$%# = himself/herself,!!"#!$ = judgment,!!"# = know,! !" = like a comma,!!"#$# = foolish ones,!!"#$%&$ = of celebrities,! !"#$#%&'# = follow,!imitate,!!" = dog, !!"# = old,!!"#" = noise,!!"#$%$ = makes,! (" = when,!!"#$%" = reason,!!"#$%# = without,!10("&1"" = others,!!"# = go running.


!"#$%$&'$($)*$'$+,$- !"#$%&'$"()$*+#$",-$'".$/'0 !"#$#%&'#('#)'#*#+,#- !"#$#%#&'#()#*+,* $ %7

17 Even if wise people become very weak, they make others happy by telling proverbs. But even if foolish ones get rich, they only burn themselves and others with their quarreling.![118]

'-!"#" = wise,!!"#$# = very,!!"# = weak,!(")*" = even!though,!!"#$%&'$ = good!saying,! 1@'" = story,!!"#$ = through,!by,!10(" = others,!!"#$%!$ = make happy,!!"#$# = foolish ones, !!"#$%#$ = as!rich,!!"# = get,!!" = when,!)*" = even,!!"#$# = quarreling,! !"#$" = by!only,!.*"10(" = self and others,!!"# = burn.

!"#$"%&"'&"()"'*"+, !"!"#"$"%&"!"'()* !"#$"%&"'"()"*+,)"-. !"#$"%"&"'"()"*+,- $ %;

18 Some think to!succeed by talking, but others strive soundlessly toward their goals. A bad dog barks

loudly at an enemy, but the heron and the cat creep quietly forward.![119]

!"#$" = some,!!"#$"# = by!talking,!!"#$%# = as succeeded,!!" = consider, +"+" = others,! !"#" = do not talk,!!"#$# = for the goals,!?/&" = strive,!!" = dog,!*(" = bad,!!"# = enemy,! +" = at,!!"# = noise,!!"#$% = makes,!!" = like a comma,!!"#$" = the heron, !"#" = the!cat,! !" = sound,!!"# = without,!?A/" = creep!quietly.


!"#$%#&'#()#*+#$#,-. !"#"$%"&"'()"*$"+,-. !"#$%"&%"'(")$%"*+",("- !"#$%$&'($)*$+$,-$!./0 $ %<

19 Good people may disagree with you, but they always help out; even though wicked people seem

friendly, they harm!you. Even when the gods are angry, they protect living beings, but the Lord of Death smiles as he slays others.![120]

&'"#." = to the good one,!!"# = dispute,!)*" = even,!B("#" = benefit,!!"# = do,! !"#" = people,!*("#" = wicked,!'C?" = friendly,!)*" = even,!!"#$ = harm,! !"#$%" = the gods,!!"# = angry,!!"# = even,!!"#$%&$ = living beings,!!"# = protect,! !"#$%$ = the Lord of Death,!!"#$ = smiles,!)*" = even,!!"#$" = others,!!"#$ = slays.

!"#"$%"&"'(")("*+(, !"#$#%'#()*#+,#-./ !"!"#$"%""'()"*+$, !"#$%#&'#()*#'+,#%',#-%. $ ,=

20 The great person, like a jewel, never changes, But the wicked person goes up and down like a

seesaw, even over petty things.![121]

!"#" = person,!&'"#" = good,!!"#$"# = jewel,!!"#$ = like,!!"#$#%'# = always,! !"#$%&$ = change,!!"# = no,!!"#" = people,!*("#" = bad,!!"#$% = a seesaw,! !"#$ = like,!!"#$%# =!little,!pretty,!!"#$% = merely,!!"#$ = up, &'(" = down,!!"# = do.


!"#$%"&'"%"(%)"*'"+%, !"#$%"&"%"'(")*"+,-. !"#$%&$!"#$'(&$)$*&$+, !"#$"#"%&"'(")"*+", $ ,%

21 Like-minded people are helpful even from afar; but unfriendly people are distant even when they

live nearby. The mud-born lotus is not smeared by mire, but is always nourished by the sun.![122]

!"#$%" = like-minded people,!!"#$# = in!far distance,!1(!" = live,!dwell,!!"# = even,!B(" = helpful,! !"#$%" = unfriendly,!!"#" = when close,!!"#$%# = especially,!!"#$ = separate,!distant,! !"#$%&$ = mud-born (lotus),!?&'" = mud, mire,!!"#$ = with,!!" = not,!!"# = smeared,! +" = and,!!"#$" = that one,!!"#$" = by the sun, !"#$# = always,!!"# = nourish.

!"#$"%"&"'$"()"*+ !"#$"%&"'&"(&")*"+,-. !"#"$%&"'"('")'"*+, !"#$%$$'$"()$*+$,-./ $ ,,

22 As long as you are modest, learning becomes you like an adornment. But when you lose modesty,

your learning becomes an accessory to increasing your bad reputation.!123]

!"#$" = as long as,!!"#" = modesty,!!"#$."#" = existing,!!"#$" = so long,!!"#$"# = learning,! !"# = an adornment,!!"# = of,!!"#$ = best,!!"#" = modesty,!!"#$ = gone beyond,!(" = if, when, !"#$"#% = that very learning,!!"#$%$ = as backing,!accessory,!!"# = done,!!" = like, 1@'"*(" = a bad reputation,!!"#$ = increase.


!"#$#"#%&'#()*#$+#,-. !"#$%$&'$()$*+$,-$.!/ !"#$%#&'#"#$('#)*#$+, !"#$%'(%#)*#&+%#,#-./ $ ,2

23 Superior people explain things without being prodded, but the base reply perversely even when

they’re asked. The children of the Victor are loving even when reviled, but worship the Lord of Death and he will still kill you.![124]

&'"#" = superior!one,!'" = without,!!"#$ = asked,!prodded,!!"#$%&$ = well,! !"# = explain,!&'(" = the base,!+" = to,!!"# = asked,!!" = even though,! !"#$%# = wrongly,!perversely,!!"# = reply, !"#$%# = of the Victor, !"# = the children, i.e. the Bodhisattvas,!+" = to,!!"#$ = revile,!despise,!!"# = even, !"# = loving,! !"#$% = the Lord of Death,!!"#$ = worship,!!"# = though,!!"#$%$ = kill,!!"# = do.

!"!#$#%'(#)*(#+#,- !"#"$%&"'"$()"*"+), !"#"$%"&"'"(")* !"#$%"#&'"()"*+",-. $ ,3

24 An action beneficial to one, may possibly be harmful to others.

At moonrise the water lilies open, but the lotuses close.![125]

!"!#$# = to!one,!B("#." = benefit,!!"#$%$ = becoming,!!" = of,!!"#" = actions,!10("+" = to others,!!"#$%$ = harm,!!"# = possible,!!"#" = the moon, D." = risen, (" = when, !"#"$" = water lilies,!!"#$%" = bloom, open, !"#$ = to be, !"# = a comma, !"# = lotus, !"# = close.


!"#$#%"#&'#()#*+#$, !"#$"#%&'#(%'#)#*#+,- !"#$%&$'('#$)*$+,$-.$/.0 ! !"!#$%!%!'"!(!)*+ $ ,5

25 You can gain your objectives through wrong-doing, but how could wise people wish for that? A job

well done may have some flaws, but the wise find no shame in that.![126]

!"#$# = fault,!flaw,!+!" = from,!!"# = though,!but,!!"# = goal,!objectives,!!"#$# = gained,!accomplished,!!"# = happened,!)*" = even,!but,!!"#$%!#$ = the!wise,!1"+" = how,! !"# = wish for,!!"#$%&$ = well,!!"!#$ = performed,!accomplished,!!"# = but,!!"# = flaw,!!"# = possible,!!"# = to be,!!"#" = in that,!!"#$%!#$ = the wise,!!"#$# = shame, !"# = no.

!"#$#%#%#!"#$#&' !"#$#%#%#"'#()* !"#$#$%'(#)*#+,-". !"#$#%'#()#*#+,- $ ,6

26 Some gains are profits but some gains are foes. A pregnant mare increases wealth, but when a female

mule conceives, she dies.![127]

!"#$# = gains,!+"+" = some,!!"#$# = profits,!!" = like comma,!!"#$# = gains,!+"+" = some,! !"#$# = foes,!!"# = are,!!"#$# = mare,!!"#$%&$ = pregnant,!!"# = wealth,!!"#$ = increase,! !"# = do,!!"#$# = female mule,!!"# = pregnant,!(" = if, when,!!"#$# = death, !"# = receive.


!"#$#!%#!&'#'("#$#)* !"#$%$!&$'$()"$%$!*(+ !"#$%#&%#'#()#*#+, !"#$#%$&'$!($)#$*'$+,- $ ,7

27 Superior people are hard to divide and easy to reconcile; inferior people divide easily and are hard to

reunite. Consider the difference between cutting and joining living trees and dry charcoal.![128]

&'"#" = superior!one,!!"# = to be divided, divide,!&E?" = hard,!!"#$%$ = to!reconcile,! !" = easy,!&'("#" = inferior one,!!"# = to be divided,!!" = easy,!!"#$% = to reconcile,! &E?" = hard,!!"#$%# = living!tree,!&*" = and,!!" = a sound to!fill the metric!line, !"#$# = charcoal,! !" = of,! /9&" = cutting,!&*" = and,!!"#$%# = of joining,!!"#$%# = difference,!!"# = see.

!"#$%#&'#(%#)*#+,#*- !"#$#%'(#)*+#,-#./01 !"#$#%"#&'#()#*(+#", !"#$%#&"'#('#)*+#,#"%#- $ ,;

28 Though you may become weak, if you take care, then even powerful people will be hard pressed to

defeat you. If powerful people act recklessly, many of them are overthrown by the weak.![129]

!"#$%# = weak,!!"# = became,!!"# = even,!!"# = care,!!"# = take,!(" = if, when,! !"#$# = great!one,!!"# = by,!!"# = even,!!"#$%&$ = to be!destroyed, &E?" = difficult, hard, !!"#$# = great one,!!"# = were,!!"# = though,!!"#$!%# = if!one becomes reckless,! !"#$%#&"'# = weak ones,!!"# = by,!!"1"#" = destroyed,!'*" = many.


!"#$%'("#)#*+,-#'./0 !"#$%#'#()*#+,#-./ !"#"$!%"&'"()"*%+",+- !"#$"%&"'"()&"*&"+&,* $ ,<

29 If you are rich in property, your strength waxes; if you lack property, your strength wanes. Once, a

rich mouse lost his ability to steal because his jewel was!stolen.* [130]

!"# = property,!wealth,!!"#$ = with,!!"#$ = rich,!(" = if,!when,!!"#$ = strength,!!"# = too,! !"#$ = waxes,!increases,!!"#$%# = lack property,!+" = for, to, in, !"#$ = strength,! !"# = too,!!"# = wanes, decreases,!!"#" = a mouse,!!"#$%&$ = a rich,!!"# = jewel,!!"#$%#$ = by robbing, !!"#$" = of stealing,!!"#$# = ability,!8'!" = lost,!!"# = unquote!mark,!!"# = heard.

!"#$"%&'"()*"+",'"-. !"#$%#$'$()$*+$!,-$.!!/ !"#$%&'$(#$)*$+,'$-#$./ !"#"$%&$'$("$)$!*$+,"- $ 2=

30 For people who act with merit, riches fall like rain even when they give things away. But, even

though wealth can be amassed without merit, consider—who spends it?![131]

!" = people,!1*" = who,!!"#$%&'$ = merit,!+" = for,!!"#$# = act, practice,! /@*" = given!to,! )*" = even,!!"#$%&$ = riches,! F." = rain,!!"#$ = like,!?//" = fall, !"#$%&'$(#$)*$ = of meritless people, !"#$%&$'$ = the wealth,!/!1!" = amassed, accumulated, !"# = even,!!"#$" = who,!by!whom,! :"/." = to!eat, !!"#$ = think.


!"#$#%#&'#(!#)*#+,#- !"#"#$%"&"'(")"*+,"- !"#$%$$'($)!$*+$#, !"#$#%&'#(#!')#%"#*+", $ 2%

31 Virtuous people sometimes grow weak, but they continue to wax like the moon. Once petty people

grow weak, they darken like a dying lamp.![131]

&'"#" = good one,!!"#$" = sometimes,! !"# = weak,! !"# = be,! !"# = even, but, ! !"#" = moon, !"#$%$ = like, !"#$# = to wax,!going up,!!"#$ = happen, &'("#" = petty one,! !"#$%# = one time,!once,!!"#$%# = when become weak,!!"#$# = oil lamp, !"#$%$ = like,!'(+"/." = dying,!!"#$ = to!be.

!"#$%#&'#(#)*#+,-"#."/ !"#$!%$&'$($&)*$+$,&- !"#$%#"'#'(#)*#+*, !"#$%$&'$($#)!$*$+%, $ 2,

32 Intelligent people, by assessing their foe, control their enemy in the end; but, cowards, by taking

revenge on their foes, find unending difficulties.![133]

!"#$%# = intelligent,!!"# = foe,!+" = at,!!"# = eye,!!"#$%&$% = by!applying,! '>?"'." = in the end,!!"#$# = enemy,!!"#$%$&!$ = control,!!"#$%# = cowards,! !"#$# = to!foe,!+(" = revenge,!response, !"#$"# = by!doing,!&E?"/" = difficulty,! !"#$#%&'#(# = unending,!!"# = find.


!"#$%$&'$($)!$*$+,- !"#$%#$&'($"$)*&$+!#$,"- !"#$%#'()#)*+#,-#./ !"#$"%&'"(")"#"*'+ $ 22

33 When wise people draw back from a very fearful place, it is merely a mark of their courage. See how

the lion, when slaying a fine bull, evades the horns. How could this possibly be timidity? [134]

'-!"#" = wise,!!"#$# = very,!!"#$#% = of!fearful,!dangerous,!1(!" = place,! +!" = from,!!"#$ = draw back,!(" = if,!?" = heroic,!!"#$ = mark,!!"# = is, !"#$%# = lion,!!"#$%" = a fine bull,!!"#$%&$ = of slaying,!!" = when,!!" = the!horn,! +!" = from,!!"#$%$ = draw back,!evade,!1"+" = how could this be,!!"# = timid.

!"#$#%'#(#)*+)#$,- !"#$#%&'#(#)*#+,-#.*/ !"#$%#&'#(#)*+,#-#.,/ !"#$#%&'#()#'*+#',#-$ $ 23

34 At!any time, to leap at a foe without reflection is the mark of a fool. What would be heroic about

insects contending against the lamp’s light?![135]

!"#$#%'# = at!any time,!!" = not, without, !"#!$%&$ = judging,!reflection,!!"## = foe,!+" = at,!on,!!"#$%$ = to leap,!jump,!!"# = fool,!!"#$ = sign,!mark, !"# = is,!!"#$%# = of lamp,!!"# = light,!+" = against,!!"#$%&% = fight,!!" = by,!!"#$# = insects,!?"/." = as hero,!!"#$!%$ = would be,!!" = what?


!"#$#%!#&"#'(#$%#)*+,- !"#$#%'#()*#$#+, !"#$#%'"#()#()#(* !"#$#%"#'(#)*%#+"#, $ 25

35 The wicked destroy particularly their own place of support, but the virtuous protect whatever they

rely on; a worm nibbles its support until it is devoured, but the lion defends its own realm.![136]

*("#" = wicked,!.*" = own,!!"# = place of support,!!"#$%# = particularly,!!"#$% = destroy, &'"#" = virtuous!one,!1*" =what!which,!+" = upon, !"#$%$ = relying,!!"# = protect,! !"#$# = worm,!.*" = own,!!"# = base, :&":&" = until!finished,!:" = eat,!!"#$# = the!lion,! !"#$# = own, !"#$% = surroundings,!environment,!!"# = protect,!guard.

!"#$%"&$!'&$($)*$+$,&*$- !"#$%&"$%&"$'$(%$')$*+ !"#$#!%'!#(&)#*#+,-. !"#$%&"$'!$($))$*#$+#$, $ 26

36 Inferior people are secretive for trifling purposes, but needlessly reveal what should be kept quiet; superior people do not conceal things unnecessarily, but guard essential secrets even at the!risk of their lives.![137]

!"#$%"&$ = the!inferior ones, !"#$%$ = necessity,! !"#$# = small,!1!*" = keep secret,! !"#$%&"$ = need to be secret, !"#$%$&!$%'$ = unnecessarily,!!" = speak, declare,! &'"#" = the superior one,!!"#$%!$ = needless,!1!*" = secret,!!" = not,!!"#$ = will be, !"#$%&"$ = necessary secret,!!"## = life,!+" = upon, //" = falling,!!"# = even,!!"# = guard.


!"#$%$&'($#$)*+$%,$-. !"#$#%&'#(#)*#+,#-. !"#$"%&'$"(")*$"+$",-./ !"#$#%&"'#(#)*#)+#,-. $ 27

37 When an inferior one gets rich, it becomes a source of arrogance; when a virtuous one gets rich, it

becomes a source of discipline. A fox is overwhelmed with pride if its belly is full, but a satisfied lion sleeps happily.![138]

&'("#" = inferior!one,!!"#$ = get rich,!( = if,!when,!!"#$%&$ = of arrogance,!!" = a source,!a cause, &'"#" = the virtuous one,!!"#$ = prosperous,!(" = if, when,!!"#$%# = of discipline,!!" = a cause, !"#$" = fox,!!"#$% = belly is full,!(" = if,!when,!!"#$%#$ = by being arrogant,!!"#$ = overwhelmed,!!"#$# = the lion, !"#$% = belly is full,!(" = if, when, !"#!$# = happily,!8+" = sleep.

!"#$#!%#!"'#$#() !"#$#%&'#(#)*'#$+#,%'- !"#$#%#&'#()#$#*"#+ !!"#"$%"&'(")*)"+",-./ $ 2;

38 The conduct of both superior and base persons is by the force of habit. You don’t need to teach a

bee to seek flowers or a goose to enter the water.![139]

&'"#" = the!superior!one, &*" = and, !" = emphatic, &'("#" = base one, !" = of, !"#$# = conduct, !"!"E" = both, !"#$%&$ = of habit, !"#$ = strength, !"#$# = a bee, !"#$" = flowers, !"#$# = search, &*" = and, **"#" = a goose, !"# = into water, !"#$ = to enter, !"!# = to teach, !" = what, !"#$ = need?


!"#$%#&'#&$#()*#%+ !"#$#%&!#'#()#*+#,-). !"#$#%'(#)"#*#+,+- !"#$%#&''(#)#&*#+#,%- $ 2<

39 If a wicked king meets an adversary, he punishes his own retinue; some foolish ones, who did not

succeed in their aims, suffocated themselves and perished.![140]

!"#*(" = wicked king,!!"# = adversary,!foe,!&*" = to,!with,!!"#$%$ = meet,!(" = if, when,! !"#$# = his!own,!!"#$ = retinue,!+" = to,!!"#$%#&'"# = punish,!!"# = goal,!'" = not, !!"#$%# = succeeded,!!"#$# = foolish ones, ?1?" = some,!!"#$%# = themselves,! ?11!" = suffocated,!!" = comma, !"#$# = die, perish,!!"# = there is.

!"#$%#&'#&(#)*+#,- !"#$%#&'%#(#)*+#$#,- !"#$"%"&"'(")*"+, !"#"$%&"'"("')"*+), $ 3=

40 When a righteous king encounters a foe, he shows love for his subjects. A mother’s worry arises

especially for her sick child.![141]

!"#$%# = a righteous king, !"## = foe,!&* = to, with, !"#$%$ = encounters,!(" = if, when, !"#$%# = especially, !"#$ = retinue,!subjects,!+" = for,!!"#$%$ = love,!!" = rises,!!"#$" = sick, !" = son,!+" = for,!!"#$%# = especially,!'" = a mother,!!" = emphatic,!!"#$%$ = worry,! !"#$" = risen,!!"#$ = would be.


!"#"$%"&"'("&"$'") !"#$%&'&('&)*&+'&,&!-./ !"#$%&%'%()%*+%,- !"#$%"&'(")"'"*%"!"#$ $ 3%

41 When virtuous people associate with wicked people, they become affected by vice. When the sweet

water of the Ganges reaches the oceans, it turns into brine.![141]

!"#" = people,!&'"#" = virtuous, *("#" = wicked,!&*" = with, !"#$%" = associate,!(" = when if, !"#$%# = of vice, by vice,! !"#$" = as affected,!!"#" = would be, !"#$ = of the Ganges,! !" = water,!!" = emphatic,!!"#$%# = very!sweet, !"#$%" = to ocean,!!"#$ = reached,! (" = when, if,! !"#$" = as salty,!brine, !!"#$ = turns into, becomes.

!"#$%&$'$($")*$+,#$#- !"#"$%"&'"($"&")*+", !"#$"%&$"'("&)"*&"+, !"#$"%"&'"()*"+",-. $ 3,

42 When a lowly person serves a good person, they develop the ways of the virtuous. Observe how a

musky sweet fragrance comes from people anointed with musk.![142]

&'("#!" = by a lowly one,!!"#" = person,!!"#$ = good,!!"#$ = serve,!(" = if, when,! !"#" = person,!!"#$%# = of good one,!!"#$# = conduct,!ways,!!"#$ = develop,! !"#$" = with musk, !!"#$%&$ = anointed,!1*":1" = person, +" = in,!!"#$" = of musk,! !"#$" = sweet smell,!!"#$ = emerge,!come,!+" = for, to,!!"# = observe.


!"#$#%'(#)#*+,#-. !"#$%"#&'"(&")%"*"#+%, !"#$%#&"#'(#)*#$#+,- !"#$%&$'!$%$()*$+,$-. $ 32

43 The great-hearted person is as firm as the immovable Mount Sumeru. The behaviour of petty

people varies greatly, like cotton shifted about by the most trifling things.*![142]

!"#$# = Mount Sumeru,!!"#$%# = in any!case,!no matter what, !" = not,!!"#$%$ = move, shake, !"#$%" = similarly, !"#$%"$ = hearted!person,!!"#$# = great,!!"#$ = firm,!!"#$%# = cotton, !"#$%# = by small,!!"#$# = shifted,!moved,!!"# = like,!!"#$%&$ = of a petty person,! !&"#" = behaviour,!!"#$%&$ = changes,!!" = great.

!"#$%&$'()$%$*+$,$-.$"/&$0#1 !"#$%$&'($)$*+!!"#$#%'#"(#')*!$

Fourth Chapter

Treasury of the Jewels of!Good!Sayings Examination of Their Intertwining

Treasury of the Jewels of Good Sayings,...

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