Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering....

78
Prof. S. L. Dhingra Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India July 19-20, 2010 Zürich, Switzerland

Transcript of Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering....

Page 1: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Prof. S. L. DhingraTransportation Systems Engineering

Civil Engineering DepartmentIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, India

July 19-20, 2010Zürich, Switzerland

Page 2: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

ContentsIntroduction of Transportation Infrastructure ProjectsRail

Dedicated Freight CorridorDelhi MetroMumbai MetroMumbai MonorailChennai MRTS

RoadNational Highway Development Project

Summary & Conclusion

Page 3: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Infrastructure as Key to Economic Development

Of Late (about 10 years back) GoI realized that the

development of Infrastructure--- will lead to Economic

Development--- but there were many Uncertainty

Issues

Page 4: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 5: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Transport Infrastructure Projects

1. Urban - JNNURM projects---rail, road ,water transport and integration

2. Regional -NHDPa) Rail/ Highways Freight Corridors- Mumbai - Delhi – Kolkattab) Railroad connectivity toc) Major Ports d) Airports

3. Rural - PMGSY/NRRDA4. Inter-modal coordination passengers

Government plans US $50 billion for road projects this fiscal; $500 billion to overhaul infrastructure in the five yrs to end- March 2012.

Page 6: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

…Projects

Formulation, Appraisal And Approval of Public Private Partnership (PPP) Projects.

Financing Infrastructure Projects through the India Infrastructure Finance Company

Customs Procedures and Functioning of Container Freight Stations and Ports

Financing of the National Highway Development Programme (NHDP)

Financing Plan for Airports

Model Concession Agreement for PPP in Operation and Maintenance, State Highways and Ports

Page 7: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Rail Projects in India

Page 8: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Dedicated Freight Corridors

Page 9: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Main ObjectiveThe Dedicated Freight Corridor is a project for new railway lines

exclusively for carrying freight isolated from normal IR traffic andpassenger trains

Address Identified Needs:

According to Nation-wide survey of users of rail freight services (1997), inthe Rakesh Mohan Committee Report:

the Indian Railways was rated below roadways on all parameters:ReliabilityAvailabilityPriceTimeConnectivitySuitabilityDamages

Can be addressed more efficiently in an independent organization operating services inthe dedicated freight corridors than in a very large organization like the IndianRailways.

• Information sharing• Adaptability• Cost-friendliness• Negotiability• Access to officials• Ease of payment• Claim time.

Page 10: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

…Need of Dedicated Rail Freight Corridor

Top five in the world in terms of passenger and freight traffic is marvelous.However the passenger traffic segment has been neither profitable nor self-sustaining

Sustained only through cross-subsidization by freight traffic earnings.Passenger fare 30% of earnings, freight 66% (April-Oct 2005, total earnings Rs 29,933.68 crores)

Foreseeable future, freight remains bulk600 million tons of freight and17% growth in recent times.

Imperative create some idle capacity in freight sector

Obsolete speed1950-51 average speed of a goods train: 17.4kmph

1989-90: 22.7kmph

In fast-moving present-day world, speed & rate of growth is very low

Especially for a predominantly agricultural economy like India, perishable goods account for a bigchunk of the freight

At least 100 Kmph is needed

Page 11: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Project OverviewPhase-IIn the first phase, corridors would bedeveloped between Ludhiana Howrah in theeastern section and between Mumbai andDelhi in western section 1,483-km Delhi-Mumbai route 1,280-km Delhi-Kolkata route

Phase IIsecond phase, DFC would be laid betweenMumbai and Chennaiand between Chennai and Howrah.

Page 12: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 13: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE I

S.No State Proposed Location Category of Region

1 Uttar Pradesh Dadri-Noida-Ghaziabad Investment Region

2 Uttar Pradesh Meerut-Muzaffarnagar Industrial Area

3 Haryana Faridabad-Palwal Industrial Area

4 Haryana Manesar-Bawal Investment Region

5 Rajasthan Kushkhera-Bhiwadi-Neemrana Investment Region

6 Rajasthan Jaipur-Dausa Industrial Area

7 Gujarat Vadodara-Ankleshwar Industrial Area

8 Gujarat Bharuch-Dahej Investment Region

9 Maharashtra Alewadi/Dighi Industrial Area

10 Maharashtra Igatpuri-Nahik-Sinnar Investment Region

11 Madhya Pradesh Pitampura-Dhar-Mhow Investment Region

12 Madhya Pradesh Nimach-Nayagaon Industrial Area

PHASE II

S.No State Proposed Location Category of Region

A Haryana Kundli-Sonepat Investment Region

B Haryana Rewari- Hissar Industrial Area

C Rajasthan Ajmer-Kishangarh Investment Region

D Rajasthan Rajsamand-Bhilwara Industrial Area

E Rajasthan Pali-Marwar Industrial Area

F Gujarat Ahemdabad-Dholera Investment Region

G Gujarat Surat-Navsari Industrial Area

Page 14: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Organizational structure and project implementation framework

Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is a publicsector body set up for implementation of the dedicated freight corridor.

RITES is the agency carrying out the initial feasibility studies for the project .

CCEA will be approached for the approval of extension project aftercompletion of the study

The Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JBIC) has agreed toprovide about Rs 18,000 crore for the construction cost

DMICDC will undertake project development activity for various centralgovernment projects and also help in assisting state governments,wherever desired. The corporate entity will have a shell structure with 49%contribution by GOI and the remaining by Financial Institutions and otherinfrastructure organizations.

Page 15: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Project FeaturesTotal length of route: 2,700 km.

Feeder lines: about 5,000 km, most of the alignment beside the existingone.

Trains running on the DFC lines will be up to 1.5km long (100 wagonrakes) and running at up to 100km/h

Expected completion time for the first phase of the DFC project is around5-7 years (i.e., completion by 2012-2014)

Computerized train control system

Liberal axle of moving dimension

Double-track railway lines, capable of handling 32.5-tonne axle load, longer trains and also double-stack containers

Page 16: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Cost EconomicsThe Western corridor is estimated to cost Rs 23,680 crore.

Rs 6,200 crore from internal accruals, Rs 1,250 crore from gross budgetary support, andraise Rs 16,230 crore as debt.The Railway Ministry is trying for Japan Bank for International Co-operation (JBIC) funding.

The Eastern corridor is estimated to cost Rs 19,613 crore.Rs 7,800 crore will be through internal generation, Rs 1,250 crore through gross budgetarysupport and Rs 10,563 crore will be raised as debt from multilateral agencies such as theWorld Bank and the ADB.

The average annual requirement would work out to more thanRupees 4500 crore

Together, the two freight corridors would involve investment of overRs28,180 croreX0.2 million Dollar.

Page 17: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Advantages

Transit time for freight between Mumbai and New Delhi is expected to dropfrom 60 to 36 hours.

The busiest corridor from Ahmedabad to Marwar, where 15 trains run eachway, will be increased to 72 trains per way and between JNP and Barodathe trains will be increased from 9 to 49.

The 2003-04 report shows that the container traffic in India was 2.7 millionTEUs, out of which railways has 24 per cent share. It is estimated that in2021-22 the traffic will increase to 15.5 million TEUs, of which 40 per centwill be tapped by DFC

Intensive monitoring for timely delivery, increase in trailing load of trains,claim-free movement of goods, improved services such as refrigeratedcontainers for perishable goods, etc, can be achieved.

Use of multi-purpose wagons for freight in this corridor could reduce thepresent-day empty haulages from destinations to the loading points

Page 18: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

• Tremendous commercial advantages will accrue to the nation and the rail-ways if the dedicated freight corridor is operationalised.

•The resultant reduced road haulage will in turn reduce the oil pool deficit ofthe country, saving precious petroleum and equally precious forex reserves.Reduced road traffic and installation of electric traction along corridor willreduce the pollution levels in the country. Thus overall national social andeconomic interests will be met with the railways implementing adedicated freight corridor.

• Delhi-Mumbai and Ludhiana-Howrah section of the DFC will help Railwaysin carrying 60 per cent of goods that are currently transported by roads.

•With high-powered fast locomotives plying in the freight corridor and handlingof goods for loading mechanized, onward distribution along the corridor’smajor stations would greatly contribute to efficiency

•. Railways aims to carry 785 million tonnes of revenue earning traffic this yearand expects to carry more than 1,100 million tonnes of freight traffic by theend of the 11th Five-Year Plan.

Page 19: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

SummaryThe Dedicated Freight Corridor is a project for new railway lines exclusively for carrying freight isolated from normal IR traffic and passenger trains

Dedicated Freight Corridor Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is a publicsector body set up for implementation of the dedicated freight corridor.

The total length of the route for DFC is 2,700 km.

freight corridors would involve investment of over Rs28,180 crore.

Page 20: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Delhi Metro

Page 21: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Delhi Urban Transport Scenario

Delhi, the Capital city of India has a population of 16 Million andgrowing rapidly –both organically and due to in-migration.

Till the end of last century, the only mode of Mass Transit wasConventional Bus and the Urban Transport scene was dominated bypersonal automobile (two wheelers and cars) and informal Para-transit (auto-rickshaws).

Total number of two wheelers and cars in Delhi outnumber thecombined total of all other Indian metropolises taken together.

The road based system was not only inadequate to the need but alsohad severe externalities for sustainable environment friendlytransport.

Page 22: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Solution for this chaotic situationTo rectify this situation the Government of India and the

Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi, in equal

partnership have set up a company named Delhi Metro Rail

Corporation Ltd. (commissioned a 65.10 kms route in Phase-I

and is proceeding ahead with another 121 kms in Phase –II).

Page 23: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

History of Delhi Metro

The planning for the Metro in Delhi had started in the 1950s.

Numerous studies were conducted for studying the

feasibility of a rail based mass transit system. The first steps

towards the construction of the metro were only initiated in

1995 when the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) was

registered.

Physical work on the project started on October 1, 1998.

Page 24: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 25: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 26: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

User CharacteristicsThe station air-conditioning and ventilation system in tunnels havebeen planned to meet the rigorous climatic conditions of Delhi. Thecoaches are all air-conditioned.

Ticketing is fully automatic with contact-less smart cards.

All entrances of the metro stations are controlled through automaticflap gates through which 45 to 60 passengers can exit

The facilities have been designed to be modern, aesthetic, and easily accessible by the physically challenged. There are escalators and accessible elevators at all stations.

The entry path is lined with tactile tiles to guide the visually impaired from outside the stations to the trains.

Page 27: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Service Characteristics

FrequencyPeak Hours : 4 minLean Hours : 5 to 15 min

Route maps and LCD display systems are provided in every coach .

A minimum fare of Rs 6/- is provided.

Page 28: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Advantages of Metro Has a carrying capacity as high as 60,000 – 80,000 phpdt (peak hour peak direction traffic).

Requires 1/5th energy per passenger km. compared to road –based system.

Causes no air pollution in the city and lesser noise levels

Occupies no road space if underground and only about 2 metre width of the road

Page 29: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Economic BenefitsThe Delhi MRTS is essentially a "social" sector project, whosebenefits will pervade wide sections of economy.

Time saving for commutersReliable and safe journeyReduction in atmospheric pollutionReduction in accidentReduced fuel consumptionReduced vehicle operating costsIncrease in the average speed of road vehiclesImprovement in the quality of lifeMore attractive city for economic investment and growth

Page 30: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Conclusion

Unique feature of Delhi Metro is its integration withother modes of public transport, enabling thecommuters to conveniently interchange from one modeto another. To increase ridership of Delhi Metro, feederbuses for metro stations are Operating. In short, DelhiMetro is a trendsetter for such systems in other cities ofthe country and in the South Asian region

Page 31: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Mumbai Metro

Page 32: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Main Objectivesto provide a rail based mass transitconnectivity to people within an approachdistance of 1-2 km

to serve the areas not connected by existingSuburban Rail System

to provide proper interchange facilities forconnectivity to neighbouring areas likeThane, Navi Mumbai, Vasai – Virar etc.

Page 33: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Project OverviewDistance Duration

PHASE I: Versova - Andheri - Ghatkopar 11.07 Km 2006-11

Charkop - Bandra- Mankhurd... 38.24 Km

Colaba - Bandra 13.37 Km

PHASE II: Charkop - Dahisar 7.5 Km 2011-16

Ghatkopar – Mulund 12.4 Km

PHASE III: BKC - Kanjur Marg via Airport 19.5 Km 2016-21

Andheri(E) – Dahisar(E) 18 Km

Hutatma Chowk – Ghatkopar 21.8 Km

Sewri – Prabhadevi 3.5 Km

Total Length : 146.5 km Total Cost : Rs 19,525 Cr

Page 34: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE I Lines

Page 35: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Versova-Andheri-Ghatkopar Line

Page 36: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Significance of VAG LineProvides East-West rail based connectivity to Centraland Western suburbs

Facilitates smooth and efficient interchange betweensuburban rail system and MRT System at Andheri andGhatkopar stations

Reduces the journey time from 71 minutes to 21minutes, between Versova and Ghatkopar

Provides rail based access to the MIDC, SEEPZ andcommercial developments

Page 37: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Charkop-Bandra-Mankhurd Line

Page 38: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Service Features1. Average Journey Speed 33 kmph2. Cost of Travel will be comparable to BEST

Fare 3. Trains will be provided at a frequency of 3

min.4. Comfortable Standing in A/c environment is

assured5. Carrying Capacity/rake : 1500

State-of-art safety systems

1. Automatic door closing with safety precaution

2. Power Back-up Facility

3. Fire-resistant Coaches

Page 39: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Additional Features

Black Boxes in all passenger coaches andmotorman's cabin

Closed Circuit TVs (CCTVs), Dynamic visualdisplays and loudspeakers

Automatic Fare Collection

Automatic train operation feature that performsall functions of a motorman except for opening& closing the doors

Page 40: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Typical Metro Station

Page 41: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

DN Nagar Car Depot Facilities

Stabling

Routine maintenance

Periodic maintenance

Workshop

Offices and

storage

Page 42: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Conclusion

Metro Rail System is expected to reduce thetraffic on roadsThis is a much needed system to support thepresent traffic conditions of the metropolisBOOT/PPP model is followed to reduce thefinancial burden on state govtThe first phase is expected to be functionalby 2011

Page 43: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Mumbai Monorail

43

Propose routes for Monorail in Mumbai

First route: 25 kms (Malabar Hill- WadalaMarg- Dharavi -Bandra Kurla Complex).

Second route: 10 kms (Chembur-Mahul-Gidwani Marg-Gowandi-Chembur.

Third route: 10 kms (Lokhandwala Complex-Jogeshwari-Vikhroli Link Road-Kanjur Marg)

Fourth route: 25 kms (Thane-Kalyan-Bhiwandi)

Page 44: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

44

COSTMMRDA estimate the Rs.14.4 billion for the first phase of the proposemonorail mroject while Larsen & Toubro-Scoomi (Malaysia) estimate theamt of Rs.29.5 billion

WORK COMPLETIONConstruction work is likely to start after October and the first phase isexpected to be completed within 30 months.

PHASE 1The monorail will run between Jacob Circle-Wadala-Chembur suburbs inthe first phase, encompassing 18 stations over 20 km, from south Mumbaito eastern Mumbai.

CAPACITYThe monorail will have four coaches, each with a capacity of 175passengers. During peak hours, it will carry between 10,000-15,000commuters per hour in both directions.

Current Status of Mumbai Monorail

Page 46: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

OVERVIEW

Chennai, also known as Madras, is the capital city of the state of Tamil Nadu,

located at latitude 130N and longitude 800 E.

It is India's fourth-largest urban agglomeration and extends over an area of 170 km2

The city has a well-established Suburban Railway Network-Three Broad gauge

lines from Beach to Tambaram, Chennai Central to Arakkonam and Chennai Central

to Gummidipoondi.

Developments in the city and its metropolitan area have mainly occurred along

three road-rail transport corridors that radiate from Fort St. George in north-west,

west, and south-west directions

Page 47: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 48: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

DEMOGRAPHICS (As Per 2001 Census)

•Population Density in City- 24,682 per km2

•Population Density in Metropolitan Area- 5,922 per km2

•Estimated Metropolitan Population in 2006 - 4.5 million

•Total workforce -1.5 million (31.79% of its population).

•Average household size for the city - 4.81

•Average household size for rest of metropolitan area - 4.63

•Total number of resident workers in CMA -18.45 lakhs

Page 49: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit
Page 50: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

GENESIS OF THE CHENNAI MRTS PROJECT

The Government of Tamil Nadu (GOTN) conducted a Comprehensive Traffic

and Transportation Study in Chennai Metropolitan Area (CMA) in 1971, and

based on its findings, a rail-based MRTS was one of the projects identified for

implementation as a long-term measure to meet mass transportation

demands.

In light of important issues such as making land available for the project,

minimizing disturbance to road traffic during project execution, and lowering

the project cost, it recommended a surface/elevated alignment.

Page 51: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

GENESIS OF THE CHENNAI MRTS PROJECT

The first phase of Chennai's Mass Rapid Transit System (MRTS) was executed

by the Ministry of Railways and covered a distance of 8.45 km, with all finances

required for the project coming from the Ministry of Railways itself, while the land

for the project had been given free of charge by the Government of Tamil Nadu

(GOTN).

The second phase of the project extends the already developed line by an

additional distance of 10.3 km.

Page 52: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE INFORMATION

The project involves three phases, of which Phase I and Phase II are completed. Phase II extension and Phase III are in different stages of execution.

Phase

Length (elevated)

in kmRoute Stations

Cost (Initial Estimate) in crore rupees

Sanction Opening

Phase I 8.55 (5.80) Chennai Beach -

Thirumayilai 8 260 (53.46) 1984 1997

Phase II

11.16 (7.84) Thirumayilai - Velachery 9 665

(733.4) 1998 19th Nov. 2007

Phase II Ext 5 (5) Velachery - St. Thomas

Mount 3 (417) 2007 Exp. 2009-10

Phase III

16.76 (~10.76)

St.Thomas MountPadi/Villivakkam 10 N/A - -

Source: CMDA Report on MRTS

Page 53: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE I

The Suburban Lines offered no connectivity to Central and South Chennai. The

planning for the Phase I of Chennai MRTS had began in 1985 and construction was

started in 1991.

The first phase was much delayed due to lack of funds and finally opened in 1997.

The section of the line encompassing the first three Stations -Beach, Fort and Park

Town, is at grade and after Park Town it begins climbing.

Chintadripet, Chepauk, Tiruvallikeni, Lighthouse and Thirumaylai are elevated.

The Line from Park Town to Thirumaylai follows the course of the Buckingham Canal,

which runs parallel to the Coromandel Coast.

Frequency of 10 minutes during the peak hours (8 a.m. - 10.30 a.m. and 5 p.m. to 7

p.m.) and a train at about 20 minutes frequency during the rest of the day.

Page 54: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE II

• The second phase of the MRTS connects Thirumaylai to Velachery, a southern

suburb.

• In this phase till Perungudi station all the stations are elevated. One of the main

stations in this stretch is Thiruvanmiyur Station, which is just across from Tidel

Park.

• The elevated track between Thiruvanmiyur and Velachery was opened to public on

November 19, 2007.With this the stations are connected with 58 trips every day.

PHASE II EXTENSION

• It is proposed from Velachery to St. Thomas Mount.

• A station on the Beach - Tambaram Line next to the Meenambakkam Airport,

creates a convenient connection between the eastern coast, the IT corridor and

areas between Chennai Central and Anna International Airport

Page 55: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

PHASE III AND BEYOND

The planned route for the MRTS will see it turn North after St Thomas Mount

and touch the Suburban Line to Arakkonam at Villivakkam before continuing

further North East and eventually going down to Grade, i.e. Surface Level

again and merging with the Suburban Line to Gummidipoondi at Tondiarpet.

After ratifying the plans for the proposed Chennai Metro, the plans for the

Phase 3 of the MRTS have been dropped as one line of the Metro coincides

with that of the MRTS.

Page 56: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

OBJECTIVES OF INTRODUCING MRTS

i.To provide a new rail-based, fast and comfortable mass transport system along

the high-demand North-South-Eastern corridor of the city.

ii. To relieve traffic congestion in the road network serving the North-South-Eastern

corridor by making available a public transport system which is complementary to

the city bus system already functioning.

iii. To provide efficient travel connectivity to important urban activity centres within

and close to the city.

Page 57: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

BENEFICIARIES OF THE PROJECT

The project benefits the areas directly served by the system, over a distance of

18.75 km, starting from the CBD and ending at Velachery.

It serves important centres

Residential areas,( e.g., Triplicane, Mylapore, and Velachery)

Commercial areas, (e.g., Anna Salai)

Administrative areas, (e.g., Chepauk)

Recreational areas, (e.g., Marina Beach)

Educational and Research centres (e.g., Anna University, Indian Institute of

Technology, and Taramani Campus).

Commuters will save time and travel in comfort.

Page 58: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Source : CMDA Final Draft To GOTN

Page 59: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

MRTS DESIGN STANDARDS AND SALIENT FEATURES1. System Alignment Chennai Beach to Velachery 18.75 km, sixteen stations

• 13.63 km elevated

• 5.12 km at surface level

2. Gauge Broad Gauge (1,676 mm)

3. Track Spacing 5,100 mm, centre to centre

4. Horizontal Alignment Minimum radius of curvature: 300 mm

5. Vertical Alignment

• Maximum track gradient (running line)

• Minimum radius (vertical curve)

6. Clearance (to overhead structures)

• 1 in 60 (compensated)

• 1 in 300

7. Level

• 5.87 m above rail level

Page 60: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

8.Track Details

• Rail: 60 kg on main lines and 52 kg for sidings

• Sleepers: Pre-stressed concrete, resting on stone ballast

9. Performance:

• Acceleration: 0.59 m/s2 Deceleration: 0.82 m/s2

• Speed: Maximum 80 km/h Average 36 km/h

10. Railway Stations:

• Stopping time at stations: 30 seconds

• Inter-station distance: 0.840 km (min) - 2.039 km (max)

• Number of stations: 16 (five surface, eleven elevated)

11. Capacity of Trains:

• Each 9 EMU combination (3 engines and 6 trailers) has a total crush

load capacity of2,769 passengers.

12. Signaling:

• Single line side colour light automatic signaling with three aspects, to

cater to twenty trains per hour (minimum inter-spacing is 350 m).

Page 61: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

LESSONS FROM THE PROJECT

1. Sharing the Project Cost

Both state and central governments have agreed to share the costs of MRTS

projects along certain agreed lines, (i.e., 66 per cent state and 34 per cent

central). The MRTS project in Chennai had not been completed, even fifteen years

after its commencement. Conversely, the Mumbai project was completed within

eight years, due to definite funding commitments made by the two governments.

When the state government agreed to meet a major portion of the cost in the

Mumbai project, a definite clause was written into the agreement.

Page 62: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

In Chennai, the new MRTS has been well integrated with the existing suburban

services operating along the three radial corridors. This has helped commuters to

make direct connections to numerous destinations within the metropolitan area.

2. Alignment of the MRTS

The alignment of the MRTS was mainly fixed along the Buckingham Canal, since

this involved the least land acquisition action. The, two sets of actions are needed

in cities which are likely to grow rapidly

• Simplification of the land acquisition procedure for urban infrastructure

facilities

• Identification of at least a few travel corridor alignments, at regular intervals,

with strict control of developments along them.

Page 63: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

3. Release of Land

Enforcing the provisions of the Land Acquisition Act 1894 in order to take over

land needed for a public purpose was not a simple task. This required

amendments to existing acts, better coordination between agencies, changes

in the attitudes of concerned parties, effective public participation, solid

commitments from actors involved.

4. Resource Mobilization

The method adopted in the Mumbai project, using station premises for intense

commercial activities, could be adopted to make the project self-sustainable.

Commercial developments in two stations in Mumbai alone have met more

than 50 per cent of the project cost. This strategy is likely to meet the entire

project cost of any MRTS project, if such a project is judiciously planned and

implemented with dynamic business groups, right from the beginning

Page 64: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

CONCLUSION

The MRTS project introduced in Chennai may not be financially

viable at the present time, but it will help very much in relieving traffic

congestion, improving environmental quality, and energizing

economic activities in the city

The city's bus system, which has a fleet strength of about 2,350

buses, is already carrying beyond its capacity. During peak hours,

buses in high travel demand sectors carry passengers from 50 to 120

per cent in excess of their designed capacity. A rail-based system

would greatly ease the burden by sharing a significant percentage of

commuter trips, which would otherwise depend totally on road

vehicles.

Page 65: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Road Projects in India

Page 66: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Indian Road Network

Total Length – 33 lakh km (1 lakh = 0.1 million)

Length (km)National Highways 70,548Expressways 200

State Highways 1,31,899Major District Roads 4,67,763Rural Roads 26,50,000

Roads carry 80% of passenger & 65% of freight trafficNational Highways constitute only 2% of length, but carry 40% of the traffic on Indian Roads

Page 67: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

National Highways Status Total Length 70,548 km

Category % of Total length

Four lane and more with divided carriageway 21

Two lane 44Single lane and intermediate 35

Normal distance traveled by truck: India: 250-300 km per day; international norm: 600-800 km per day

Require immediate capacity augmentation and upgrade with enhanced safety features

State Govt. are being persuaded to have integrated check posts on highways.

NHAI is modernizing the Toll Collection System to cut down waiting time at Toll Plazas.

Page 68: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Nat

iona

l Hig

hway

s D

evel

opm

ent

Pro

ject

(NH

DP

)

Page 69: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

NHDP’s Main ObjectiveConstruction of world class highway with following:

Enhanced safety featuresBetter Riding Surface. Better Road Geometry Better Traffic Management and Noticeable Signage. Divided carriageways and Service roads Grade separators Over bridges and Underpasses Bypasses Wayside amenities

Page 70: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

NHDP Project OverviewPhase I : comprises GQ (5,846 km) and NS-EW (981km), port connectivity (356 km) and others (315 km).

Phase II : mostly NS-EW Corridor (6,161 km) and other N. H. of 486 km length, the total 6,647 km.

Phase-III: National Highways on BOT basis. Government approved upgrade and 4 laning at 8074 km at an estimated cost of Rs. 54,339 crores.

Phase V: six laning of 6,500 km of existing 4 lane highways under NHDP Phase V (on DBFO basis). Six laning of 6,500 km includes 5,700 km of GQ and other stretches.

Phase VI: 1000 km of express

Page 71: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Minimum requirements of planning

Service roadsAcceleration/ deceleration lanesVehicular UnderpassesFacilities for pedestrians and cyclistsCattle crossingsMedian openingsElevated sectionsPhysical separationTraffic signs and road markings for guidance to user

Page 72: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Progress in NHDP

Page 73: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

User Facilities:Rest AreasBus-BaysAdvanced Traffic Management SystemsHighway PatrolAmbulanceCraneAvenue/median plantationDrainageToll PlazaOperation and maintenance centreLighting SystemNew concepts, technologies and materials

Page 74: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Advantages of having a well developed network

Enhanced safety featuresBetter Riding Surface. Better Road Geometry Better Traffic Management and Noticeable Signage. Divided carriageways and Service roads Grade separators Over bridges and Underpasses Bypasses Wayside amenities

Page 75: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Conclusion

NHDP is India’s ever largest National Highway Project.

Construct world standard road for uninterrupted flow of traffic

Page 76: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

Conclusion of Whole Presentation

Page 77: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit

REFERENCES1.Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority, Comprehensive Traffic and

Transportation Study (Chennai:1995).

2.Madras Area Transportation Study Unit, Directorate of Town and Country Planning,

Transportation Corridor, 2001, (Chennai: 1971).

3.Updating Study for Extension of Mass Rapid Transit System Between Luz and

Taramani, (c), (Chennai: Housing and Urban Development Department, GOTN,

1994).

4.“The Need” - Delhi MRTS Project, http://delhigovt.nic.in/dmrc.asp

5.“Delhi Metro” ,

http://www.assocham.org/events/recent/event_261/SESSION1_S_A_VERMA.pdf

6.Project details MMRDA http://www.mmrdamumbai.org/monorail.htm

7.Prof Dhingra, report on “BRTS Mumbai”, IITBombay.

8.Monorail Society News, http://www.monorails.org/tmspages/News.html

9.News “Monorail in Mumbai”, Times of India, 4th Oct 2008

Page 78: Transportation Systems Engineering Civil Engineering ... · Transportation Systems Engineering. Civil Engineering Department. Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India. ... Transit