Transportation and Warehousing, Tennessee · Transportation and Warehousing 5 ... D. Geographic...

Tennessee

1997 Economic Census

Transportation and Warehousing

Geographic Area Series

1997Issued January 2000

EC97T48A-TN

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Many persons participated in the variousactivities of the 1997 Economic Census forthe Transportation sector.

Service Sector Statistics Division preparedthis report. Bobby E. Russell, AssistantChief for Census Programs, was respon-sible for the overall planning, manage-ment, and coordination. Planning andimplementation were under the directionof Steven M. Roman, Chief, Utilities andFinancial Census Branch, assistedby Pamela J. Palmer. Primary staffassistance was provided by Diane M.Carodiskey-Beeson, Sandra K. Creech,Carrie A. Hill, Amy R. Houtz, Lori E.Inman, Debra G. Karrels, andDouglas A. Smyly.

Mathematical and statistical techniques aswell as the coverage operations were pro-vided by Carl A. Konschnik, AssistantChief for Research and Methodology,assisted by Carol S. King, Chief, Statisti-cal Methods Branch, and Jock R. Black,Chief, Program Research and DevelopmentBranch, with staff assistance fromMaria C. Cruz and David L. Kinyon.

The Economic Planning and CoordinationDivision provided overall planning andreview of many operations and the com-puter processing procedures. Shirin A.Ahmed, Assistant Chief for Post-CollectionProcessing, was responsible for edit proce-dures and designing the interactive ana-lytical software. Design and specificationswere prepared under the supervision ofDennis L. Shoemaker, Chief, Census Pro-cessing Branch, assisted by John D.Ward. Primary staff assistance was pro-vided by Sonya P. Curcio, Richard W.Graham, and Cheryl E. Merkle. The Eco-nomic Product Team, with primary contri-butions from Andrew W. Hait andJennifer E. Lins, was responsible for thedevelopment of the system to disseminate1997 Economic Census reports.

The staff of the National Processing Center,Judith N. Petty, Chief, performed mailoutpreparation and receipt operations, clericaland analytical review activities, and dataentry.

The Geography Division staff developedgeographic coding procedures and associ-ated computer programs.

The Economic Statistical Methods and Pro-gramming Division, Charles P. PautlerJr., Chief, developed and coordinated thecomputer processing systems. Martin S.Harahush, Assistant Chief for Quinquen-nial Programs, was responsible for designand implementation of the computer sys-tems. Robert S. Jewett and Barbara L.Lambert provided special computer pro-gramming. William C. Wester, Chief, Ser-vices Branch, assisted by Robert A. Hill,Dennis P. Kelly, and Jeffrey S. Rosen,supervised the preparation of the com-puter programs. Additional programmingassistance was provided by Donell D.Barnes, Daniel C. Collier, Gilbert J.Flodine, David Hiller, Leatrice D.Hines, William D. McClain, Jay L.Norris, Sarah J. Presley, and Michael A.Sendelbach.

Computer Services Division, Debra D.Williams, Chief, performed the computerprocessing.

Kim D. Ottenstein and Margaret A.Smith of the Administrative and CustomerServices Division, Walter C. Odom,Chief, provided publications and printingmanagement, graphics design and compo-sition, and editorial review for print andelectronic media. General direction andproduction management were provided byMichael G. Garland, Assistant DivisionChief, and Gary J. Lauffer, Chief, Publica-tions Services Branch.

Special acknowledgment is also due themany businesses whose cooperation hascontributed to the publication of thesedata.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Tennessee

1997 Economic Census


Geographic Area Series

1997Issued January 2000

EC97T48A-TN

U.S. Department of CommerceWilliam M. Daley,

SecretaryRobert L. Mallett,

Deputy Secretary

Economicsand Statistics

AdministrationRobert J. Shapiro,Under Secretary for

Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAUKenneth Prewitt,

Director

Paula J. Schneider,Principal Associate Directorfor Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,Associate Directorfor Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,Assistant Directorfor Economic Programs

Carole A. Ambler,Chief, Service SectorStatistics Division

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economicsand StatisticsAdministration

Robert J. Shapiro,Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,Director

William G. Barron,Deputy Director

CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census 1.............................

Transportation and Warehousing 5................................

TABLES

1. Summary Statistics for the State: 1997 7.....................

2. Summary Statistics for Metropolitan Areas: 1997 9.............

APPENDIXES

A. Explanation of Terms A–1.....................................

B. NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions B–1......................

C. Coverage and Methodology C–1................................

D. Geographic Notes ~~........................................

E. Metropolitan Areas E–1.......................................

~~ Not applicable for this report.

TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSINGmGEOG. AREA SERIES TENNESSEE iiiU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jan. 10, 2000

Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts aboutthe structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. Itprovides essential information for government, business,industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the UnitedStates Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Cen-sus Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years,covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The economic census furnishes an important part of theframework for such composite measures as the grossdomestic product estimates, input/output measures, pro-duction and price indexes, and other statistical series thatmeasure short-term changes in economic conditions. Spe-cific uses of economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government usethe data to monitor economic activity and assess theeffectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assessbusiness activities and tax bases within their jurisdic-tions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and com-peting industries, which allows them to keep their mem-bers informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potentialmarkets and to analyze their own production and salesperformance relative to industry or area averages.

ALL-NEW INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATIONS

Data from the 1997 Economic Census are published pri-marily on the basis of the North American Industry Classi-fication System (NAICS), unlike earlier censuses, whichwere published according to the Standard Industrial Classi-fication (SIC) system. NAICS is in the process of beingadopted in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Mosteconomic census reports cover one of the following NAICSsectors:

21 Mining22 Utilities23 Construction31-33 Manufacturing42 Wholesale Trade44-45 Retail Trade48-49 Transportation and Warehousing51 Information

52 Finance and Insurance53 Real Estate and Rental and Leasing54 Professional, Scientific, and Technical

Services55 Management of Companies and Enterprises56 Administrative and Support and Waste

Management and Remediation Services61 Educational Services62 Health Care and Social Assistance71 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation72 Accommodation and Foodservices81 Other Services (except Public Administration)

(Not listed above are the Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, andHunting sector (NAICS 11), partially covered by the censusof agriculture conducted by the U.S. Department of Agri-culture, and the Public Administration sector (NAICS 92),covered by the census of governments conducted by theCensus Bureau.)

The 20 NAICS sectors are subdivided into 96 subsectors(three-digit codes), 313 industry groups (four-digit codes),and, as implemented in the United States, 1170 industries(five- and six-digit codes).

RELATIONSHIP TO SIC

While many of the individual NAICS industries corre-spond directly to industries as defined under the SIC sys-tem, most of the higher level groupings do not. Particularcare should be taken in comparing data for retail trade,wholesale trade, and manufacturing, which are sectortitles used in both NAICS and SIC, but cover somewhat dif-ferent groups of industries. The industry definitions dis-cuss the relationships between NAICS and SIC industries.Where changes are significant, it will not be possible toconstruct time series that include data for points bothbefore and after 1997.

For 1997, data for auxiliary establishments (those func-tioning primarily to manage, service, or support the activi-ties of their company’s operating establishments, such asa central administrative office or warehouse) will not beincluded in the sector-specific reports. These data will bepublished separately.

GEOGRAPHIC AREA CODING

Accurate and complete information on the physicallocation of each establishment is required to tabulate thecensus data for the states, metropolitan areas (MAs), coun-ties, parishes, and corporate municipalities including cit-ies, towns, villages, and boroughs. Respondents were

INTRODUCTION 11997 ECONOMIC CENSUS

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

required to report their physical location (street address,municipality, county, and state) if it differed from theirmailing address. For establishments not surveyed by mail(and those single-establishment companies that did notprovide acceptable information on physical location), loca-tion information from Internal Revenue Service tax formsis used as a basis for coding.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishmentbasis. A company operating at more than one location isrequired to file a separate report for each store, factory,shop, or other location. Each establishment is assigned aseparate industry classification based on its primary activ-ity and not that of its parent company.

DOLLAR VALUES

All dollar values presented are expressed in current dol-lars; i.e., 1997 data are expressed in 1997 dollars, and1992 data, in 1992 dollars. Consequently, when makingcomparisons with prior years, users of the data shouldconsider the changes in prices that have occurred.

All dollar values are shown in thousands of dollars.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

Reports in Print and Electronic Media

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are availableon the Census Bureau Internet site (www.census.gov) andon compact discs (CD-ROM) for sale by the Census Bureau.Unlike previous censuses, only selected highlights arepublished in printed reports. For more information, includ-ing a description of electronic and printed reports beingissued, see the Internet site, or write to U.S. CensusBureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300, or call CustomerServices at 301-457-4100.

Special Tabulations

Special tabulations of data collected in the 1997 Eco-nomic Census may be obtained, depending on availabilityof time and personnel, in electronic or tabular form. Thedata will be summaries subject to the same rules prohibit-ing disclosure of confidential information (including name,address, kind of business, or other data for individualbusiness establishments or companies) that govern theregular publications.

Special tabulations are prepared on a cost basis. Arequest for a cost estimate, as well as exact specificationson the type and format of the data to be provided, shouldbe directed to the Chief of the division named below, U.S.Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300. To discuss aspecial tabulation before submitting specifications, callthe appropriate division:

Manufacturing and Construction Division 301-457-4673Service Sector Statistics Division 301-457-2668

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integratedprogram at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual com-ponents of the economic census were taken separately atvarying intervals.

The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing wereincluded with those for population. Coverage of economicactivities was expanded for the 1840 Decennial Censusand subsequent censuses to include mining and somecommercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census wasthe first time a census was taken apart from the regulardecennial population census. Censuses covering retail andwholesale trade and construction industries were added in1930, as were some covering service trades in 1933. Cen-suses of construction, manufacturing, and the other busi-ness service censuses were suspended during World WarII.

The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to befully integrated: providing comparable census data acrosseconomic sectors, using consistent time periods, con-cepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. Itwas the first census to be taken by mail, using lists offirms provided by the administrative records of other Fed-eral agencies. Since 1963, administrative records alsohave been used to provide basic statistics for very smallfirms, reducing or eliminating the need to send them cen-sus questionnaires.

The range of industries covered in the economic cen-suses expanded between 1967 and 1992. The census ofconstruction industries began on a regular basis in 1967,and the scope of service industries, introduced in 1933,was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a fewtransportation industries were covered as early as 1963, itwas not until 1992 that the census broadened to includeall of transportation, communications, and utilities. Alsonew for 1992 was coverage of financial, insurance, andreal estate industries. With these additions, the economiccensus and the separate census of governments and cen-sus of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percentof all economic activity.

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earliercensuses provide historical figures for the study of long-term time series and are available in some large libraries.All of the census reports printed since 1967 are still avail-able for sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.CD-ROMs issued from the 1987 and 1992 Economic Cen-suses contain databases including nearly all data pub-lished in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Codestatistics, published only on CD-ROM.

2 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classifica-tion system, data items, and publications for each of theeconomic censuses and related surveys is published in theGuide to the 1997 Economic Census and Related Statisticsat www.census.gov/econguide. More information on themethodology, procedures, and history of the censuses willbe published in the History of the 1997 Economic Censusat www.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used withthe 1997 Economic Census data:

A Standard error of 100 percent or more.D Withheld to avoid disclosing data of individual

companies; data are included in higher leveltotals.

F Exceeds 100 percent because data includeestablishments with payroll exceeding rev-enue.

N Not available or not comparable.Q Revenue not collected at this level of detail for

multiestablishment firms.S Withheld because estimates did not meet

publication standards.

V Represents less than 50 vehicles or .05percent.

X Not applicable.Y Disclosure withheld because of insufficient

coverage of merchandise lines.Z Less than half the unit shown.a 0 to 19 employees.b 20 to 99 employees.c 100 to 249 employees.e 250 to 499 employees.f 500 to 999 employees.g 1,000 to 2,499 employees.h 2,500 to 4,999 employees.i 5,000 to 9,999 employees.j 10,000 to 24,999 employees.k 25,000 to 49,999 employees.l 50,000 to 99,999 employees.m 100,000 employees or more.p 10 to 19 percent estimated.q 20 to 29 percent estimated.r Revised.s Sampling error exceeds 40 percent.nec Not elsewhere classified.nsk Not specified by kind.– Represents zero (page image/print only).(CC) Consolidated city.(IC) Independent city.

INTRODUCTION 31997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


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4 INTRODUCTION 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS



SCOPE

The Transportation and Warehousing sector (sector48-49) includes industries providing transportation of pas-sengers and cargo, warehousing and storage for goods,scenic and sightseeing transportation, and support activi-ties related to modes of transportation. Establishments inthese industries use transportation equipment or transpor-tation related facilities as a productive asset. The type ofequipment depends on the mode of transportation. Themodes of transportation are air, rail, water, road and pipe-line.

The Transportation and Warehousing sector distin-guishes three basic types of activities: subsectors for eachmode of transportation, a subsector for warehousing andstorage, and a subsector for establishments providingsupport activities for transportation. In addition, there aresubsectors for establishments that provide passengertransportation for scenic and sightseeing purposes, postalservices, and courier services.

A separate subsector for support activities is estab-lished in the sector because, first, support activities fortransportation are inherently multimodal, such as freighttransportation arrangement, or have multimodal aspects.Secondly, there are production process similarities amongthe support activity industries.

Many of the establishments in this sector often operateon networks, with physical facilities, labor forces, andequipment spread over an extensive geographic area.

Warehousing establishments in this sector are distin-guished from merchant wholesaling in that the warehouseestablishments do not sell the goods.

Excluded from this sector are establishments primarilyengaged in providing travel agent services that supporttransportation and other establishments, such as hotels,businesses, and government agencies. These establish-ments are classified in Sector 56, Administrative and Sup-port, Waste Management, and Remediation Services. Also,establishments primarily engaged in providing rental andleasing of transportation equipment without operator areclassified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services.

GENERAL

A list of reports that provide statistics on sector 48-49follows.

Geographic area report. There is a separate report foreach state, the District of Columbia, and the United States.Each state report presents general statistics on number of

establishments, revenue, payroll, and employment by kindof business for the state and metropolitan areas (MAs).Greater kind-of-business detail is shown for larger areas.The United States report presents data for the UnitedStates as a whole.

Sources of revenue report. This report presentssources of revenue data for establishments by kind ofbusiness. Data are presented for the United States.

Establishment and firm size (including legal form oforganization) report. This report presents revenue,payroll, and employment data for the United States by rev-enue size, by employment size, and by legal form of orga-nization for establishments; and by revenue size (includ-ing concentration by largest firms), by employment size,and by number of establishments operated (single unitsand multiunits) for firms.

Miscellaneous subjects report. This report presentsdata for establishments for a variety of industry-specificquestions. Presentation of data varies by kind of business.

GEOGRAPHIC AREAS COVERED

The level of geographic detail varies by report. Datamay be presented for:

1. The United States as a whole.

2. States and the District of Columbia.

3. Consolidated metropolitan statistical areas (CMSAs)and primary metropolitan statistical areas (PMSAs)defined by the Office of Management and Budget(OMB) as of June 30, 1997. A CMSA is an area used tofacilitate the presentation and analysis of data forlarge concentrations of metropolitan populations. Itincludes two or more contiguous PMSAs which have apopulation of at least 1,000,000 (according to the1990 Census of Population or subsequent special cen-sus) and which meet specific criteria of urban charac-ter and of social and economic integration.

4. Metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) defined by theOMB as of June 30, 1997. An MSA is an integrated eco-nomic and social unit with a population nucleus of atleast 50,000 inhabitants (according to the 31990 Cen-sus of Population or subsequent special census). Each

TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 51997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


MSA consists of one or more counties meeting stan-dards of metropolitan character. In New England, citiesand towns rather than counties are the componentgeographic units.

COMPARABILITY OF THE 1992 AND 1997 CENSUSES

The 1997 Economic Census is the first census topresent data based on the new North American IndustryClassification System (NAICS). Previous census data werepresented according to the Standard Industrial Classifica-tion (SIC) system developed some 60 years ago. Due tothis change, comparability between census years may belimited. Comparative statistics will be included as part ofthe Core Business Statistics Reports.

DISCLOSURE

In accordance with Federal law governing censusreports (Title 13 of the United States Code), no data arepublished that would disclose the operations of an indi-vidual establishment or business. However, the number of

establishments in a kind-of-business classification is notconsidered a disclosure; therefore, this information maybe released even though other information is withheld.

AVAILABILITY OF MORE FREQUENT ECONOMICDATA

The Bureau of the Census conducts the TransportationAnnual Survey (TAS) each year. This survey, while provid-ing more frequent observations, yields less kind-of-business and geographic detail than the census. In addi-tion, the County Business Patterns program offers annualstatistics on the number of establishments, employment,and payroll classified by industry within each county. Theprogram also includes data for establishments of firmsthat do not have annual payroll.

6 TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING 1997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


Table 1. Summary Statistics for the State: 1997[Includes only establishments with payroll. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see Appendix A]

NAICScode Kind of business

Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments

(number)Revenue($1,000)

Annual payroll($1,000)

First~quarterpayroll

($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod

includingMarch 12(number)

Fromadminis~

trativerecords1 Estimated2

TENNESSEE

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 3 945......................... 7 083 442 2 244 288 513 782 73 973 10.1 3.6

481 Air transportation %% 52................................................. 80 645 13 502 3 244 488 12.7 11.0

4811 Scheduled air transportation %% 15..................................... 31 546 5 466 1 356 219 25.8 13.848111 Scheduled air transportation %% 15................................... 31 546 5 466 1 356 219 25.8 13.8481111 Scheduled passenger air transportation %% 12....................... 25 529 4 580 1 155 198 31.9 11.2

4812 Nonscheduled air transportation 37...................................... 49 099 8 036 1 888 269 4.2 9.348121 Nonscheduled air transportation 37.................................... 49 099 8 036 1 888 269 4.2 9.3481211 Nonscheduled chartered passenger air transportation 29............... 27 108 5 165 1 268 174 7.7 13.2

483 Water transportation 20.................................................. 133 024 27 658 6 061 766 6.6 .3

4831 Deep sea, coastal, & Great Lakes water transportation 6.................. 35 872 3 547 908 107 24.6 –48311 Deep sea, coastal, & Great Lakes water transportation 6................ 35 872 3 547 908 107 24.6 –

4832 Inland water transportation 14........................................... 97 152 24 111 5 153 659 – .448321 Inland water transportation 14......................................... 97 152 24 111 5 153 659 – .4483211 Inland water freight transportation 14................................. 97 152 24 111 5 153 659 – .44832111 Inland waterways freight transportation (except towing) 10............ 59 348 14 532 3 136 369 – .7

484 Truck transportation 2 504................................................... 4 669 092 1 484 706 340 197 47 134 13.0 3.6

4841 General freight trucking 1 379.............................................. 3 608 159 1 209 898 280 110 37 330 9.5 2.548411 General freight trucking, local 309...................................... 235 342 59 974 14 881 2 419 32.3 6.3484110 General freight trucking, local 309.................................... 235 342 59 974 14 881 2 419 32.3 6.34841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 218........... 187 779 40 208 9 038 1 538 34.0 6.14841102 General freight trucking w/o storage, local, less than truckload 68...... 38 485 16 563 4 977 739 25.0 5.94841103 General freight trucking with storage, local, truckload 14.............. 3 967 1 356 436 68 19.3 21.94841104 General freight trucking with storage, local, less than truckload 9..... 5 111 1 847 430 74 32.9 3.8

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 1 070............................... 3 372 817 1 149 924 265 229 34 911 7.9 2.2484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 859.................... 2 261 136 617 199 142 598 21 173 11.3 3.2484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 211........... 1 111 681 532 725 122 631 13 738 1.2 .2

4842 Specialized freight trucking 1 125........................................... 1 060 933 274 808 60 087 9 804 24.8 7.448421 Used household & office goods moving 152.............................. 141 249 43 162 9 928 1 831 24.1 18.4484210 Used household & office goods moving 152............................ 141 249 43 162 9 928 1 831 24.1 18.44842101 Used household & office goods moving, local, without storage 55...... 15 734 6 125 1 148 319 22.2 14.24842102 Used household & office goods moving, long~distance 67............. 103 130 30 635 7 387 1 168 25.1 20.84842103 Used household & office goods moving, local, with storage 30......... 22 385 6 402 1 393 344 21.1 10.2

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 661................. 320 820 75 070 14 839 3 598 49.3 7.0484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 661............... 320 820 75 070 14 839 3 598 49.3 7.04842201 Hazardous materials trucking (except waste), local 17................ 5 986 2 212 507 129 10.9 16.84842202 Agricultural products trucking without storage, local 99............... 41 614 9 138 1 946 414 73.7 7.34842203 Dump trucking 410................................................ 210 381 46 299 8 389 2 297 47.0 6.54842204 Specialized trucking without storage, local 126....................... 55 593 15 214 3 479 656 42.7 7.94842205 Specialized trucking with storage, local 9.......................... 7 246 2 207 518 102 58.8 4.4

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 312......... 598 864 156 576 35 320 4 375 11.9 5.0484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 312....... 598 864 156 576 35 320 4 375 11.9 5.04842301 Hazardous materials trucking (except waste), long~distance 64........ 131 039 27 105 7 088 906 4.5 7.24842302 Agricultural products trucking, long~distance 69...................... 69 333 13 819 2 504 480 32.4 6.74842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 179......................... 398 492 115 652 25 728 2 989 10.8 4.0

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 311............................... 156 905 57 560 13 684 3 940 15.8 4.1

4851 Urban transit systems 6............................................... D D D e D D48511 Urban transit systems 6............................................. D D D e D D485113 Bus & motor vehicle transit systems 6............................... D D D e D D

4852 Interurban & rural bus transportation 6.................................. D D D c D D48521 Interurban & rural bus transportation 6................................ D D D c D D485210 Interurban & rural bus transportation 6.............................. D D D c D D

4853 Taxi & limousine service 53............................................. 13 633 4 645 1 046 377 16.1 5.048531 Taxi service 34...................................................... 7 533 2 410 598 197 25.9 8.4485310 Taxi service 34.................................................... 7 533 2 410 598 197 25.9 8.4

48532 Limousine service 19................................................. 6 100 2 235 448 180 4.1 .7485320 Limousine service 19............................................... 6 100 2 235 448 180 4.1 .7

4854 School & employee bus transportation 173................................. 40 676 14 989 4 266 1 485 11.3 4.548541 School & employee bus transportation 173............................... 40 676 14 989 4 266 1 485 11.3 4.5485410 School & employee bus transportation 173............................. 40 676 14 989 4 266 1 485 11.3 4.54854101 School bus service 170............................................ D D D g D D

4855 Charter bus industry 31................................................ 50 119 14 941 3 013 713 33.2 5.648551 Charter bus industry 31.............................................. 50 119 14 941 3 013 713 33.2 5.6485510 Charter bus industry 31............................................ 50 119 14 941 3 013 713 33.2 5.64855101 Charter bus service, local 6...................................... 2 137 604 134 43 – 11.24855102 Charter bus service, interstate/interurban 25........................ 47 982 14 337 2 879 670 34.6 5.3

4859 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 42........................ 23 965 9 684 2 150 832 4.9 4.848599 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 42...................... 23 965 9 684 2 150 832 4.9 4.8485991 Special needs transportation 31..................................... 21 787 8 712 1 964 739 3.5 3.7485999 All other transit & ground passenger transportation 11.................. 2 178 972 186 93 19.5 15.34859991 Scheduled airport shuttle service 8................................ D D D b D D

486 Pipeline transportation 28................................................. 138 180 14 836 3 746 268 – 1.0

4862 Pipeline transportation of natural gas 20.................................. 110 646 12 969 3 236 233 – 1.348621 Pipeline transportation of natural gas 20................................ 110 646 12 969 3 236 233 – 1.3486210 Pipeline transportation of natural gas 20.............................. 110 646 12 969 3 236 233 – 1.34862101 Natural gas transmission 18....................................... D D D c D D

4869 Other pipeline transportation 7......................................... D D D b D D48691 Pipeline transportation of refined petroleum products 7.................. D D D b D D486910 Pipeline transportation of refined petroleum products 7................ D D D b D D

See footnotes at end of table.

TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSINGmGEOG. AREA SERIES TENNESSEE 7U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jan. 10, 2000

Table 1. Summary Statistics for the State: 1997mCon.[Includes only establishments with payroll. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see Appendix A]

NAICScode Kind of business

Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


TENNESSEEmCon.

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% **mCon.

487 Scenic & sightseeing transportation 15..................................... 25 074 3 013 557 203 3.9 4.7

4871 Scenic & sightseeing transportation, land 8.............................. 6 507 1 097 223 112 2.8 18.248711 Scenic & sightseeing transportation, land 8............................ 6 507 1 097 223 112 2.8 18.2487110 Scenic & sightseeing transportation, land 8.......................... 6 507 1 097 223 112 2.8 18.24871101 Sightseeing buses 6............................................ D D D b D D

488 Support activities for transportation 522...................................... 534 655 163 189 37 502 6 008 5.6 8.9

4881 Support activities for air transportation 73................................. 119 615 30 269 7 991 1 271 1.7 1.648811 Airport operations 38................................................. 21 959 6 089 1 401 428 7.1 1.8488119 Other airport operations 35......................................... D D D e D D4881191 Airport operation & terminal services 35............................ D D D e D D

48819 Other support activities for air transportation 35.......................... 97 656 24 180 6 590 843 .5 1.6488190 Other support activities for air transportation 35........................ 97 656 24 180 6 590 843 .5 1.6

4882 Support activities for rail transportation 22................................ 40 652 6 103 1 638 304 .1 15.248821 Support activities for rail transportation 22.............................. 40 652 6 103 1 638 304 .1 15.2488210 Support activities for rail transportation 22............................ 40 652 6 103 1 638 304 .1 15.24882101 Support activities incidental to rail transportation 22.................. 40 652 6 103 1 638 304 .1 15.2

4883 Support activities for water transportation 29.............................. 44 174 10 464 2 448 375 9.0 –48831 Port & harbor operations 6........................................... 11 396 2 590 490 65 5.7 –488310 Port & harbor operations 6......................................... 11 396 2 590 490 65 5.7 –4883101 Operation of port & waterfront terminals 6......................... 11 396 2 590 490 65 5.7 –

48832 Marine cargo handling 10............................................. 17 934 2 727 690 123 12.4 –488320 Marine cargo handling 10........................................... 17 934 2 727 690 123 12.4 –

48833 Navigational services to shipping 6................................... 9 740 3 169 813 108 4.7 –488330 Navigational services to shipping 6................................. 9 740 3 169 813 108 4.7 –

48839 Other support activities for water transportation 7....................... 5 104 1 978 455 79 13.0 –488390 Other support activities for water transportation 7..................... 5 104 1 978 455 79 13.0 –

4884 Support activities for road transportation 134............................... 72 425 23 408 4 675 1 041 13.9 15.448841 Motor vehicle towing 121.............................................. 66 645 19 528 3 953 840 15.0 15.3488410 Motor vehicle towing 121............................................ 66 645 19 528 3 953 840 15.0 15.3

48849 Other support activities for road transportation 13........................ 5 780 3 880 722 201 .8 15.6488490 Other support activities for road transportation 13...................... 5 780 3 880 722 201 .8 15.64884904 Support activities incidental to road transportation 9................. D D D c D D

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 249.................................... 244 030 88 173 19 681 2 629 3.7 10.748851 Freight transportation arrangement 249.................................. 244 030 88 173 19 681 2 629 3.7 10.7488510 Freight transportation arrangement 249................................ 244 030 88 173 19 681 2 629 3.7 10.74885101 Freight forwarding 87............................................ 111 466 37 979 8 472 1 276 2.1 2.84885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 162.................. 132 564 50 194 11 209 1 353 5.0 17.3

4889 Other support activities for transportation 15.............................. 13 759 4 772 1 069 388 33.7 15.148899 Other support activities for transportation 15............................ 13 759 4 772 1 069 388 33.7 15.1488991 Packing & crating 15............................................... 13 759 4 772 1 069 388 33.7 15.1

492 Couriers & messengers 304................................................ 1 090 888 397 418 90 959 12 233 1.6 .8

4921 Couriers 208........................................................... 1 039 759 379 640 86 658 11 297 .9 .249211 Couriers 208......................................................... 1 039 759 379 640 86 658 11 297 .9 .2492110 Couriers 208....................................................... 1 039 759 379 640 86 658 11 297 .9 .24921101 Courier services (except by air) 48................................. 376 294 159 679 41 983 6 659 1.4 .64921102 Air courier services 160............................................ 663 465 219 961 44 675 4 638 .6 –

4922 Local messengers & local delivery 96.................................... 51 129 17 778 4 301 936 17.2 11.449221 Local messengers & local delivery 96.................................. 51 129 17 778 4 301 936 17.2 11.4492210 Local messengers & local delivery 96................................ 51 129 17 778 4 301 936 17.2 11.4

493 Warehousing & storage 189................................................ 254 979 82 406 17 832 2 933 6.0 6.0

4931 Warehousing & storage 189.............................................. 254 979 82 406 17 832 2 933 6.0 6.049311 General warehousing & storage 127.................................... 160 367 55 417 11 261 1 971 6.9 9.1493110 General warehousing & storage 127.................................. 160 367 55 417 11 261 1 971 6.9 9.14931101 General warehousing & storage (except in foreign trade zones) 127..... 160 367 55 417 11 261 1 971 6.9 9.1

49312 Refrigerated warehousing & storage 13................................. 35 708 13 136 3 106 367 2.0 –493120 Refrigerated warehousing & storage 13............................... 35 708 13 136 3 106 367 2.0 –4931201 Refrigerated products warehousing 13............................. 35 708 13 136 3 106 367 2.0 –

49313 Farm product warehousing & storage 23................................ 23 468 4 262 986 190 3.4 1.9493130 Farm product warehousing & storage 23.............................. 23 468 4 262 986 190 3.4 1.9

49319 Other warehousing & storage 26...................................... 35 436 9 591 2 479 405 7.8 .5493190 Other warehousing & storage 26.................................... 35 436 9 591 2 479 405 7.8 .54931901 Household goods warehousing & storage 8........................ 21 962 6 224 1 683 271 9.7 –4931902 Specialized goods warehousing & storage 18....................... 13 474 3 367 796 134 4.8 1.3

%% Data do not include large certificated passenger carriers that report to the Office of Airline Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation.** Railroad transportation and U.S. Postal Service are out of scope for the 1997 Economic Census.

1Includes revenue information obtained from administrative records of other Federal agencies.2Includes revenue information which was imputed based on historic company ratios or administrative records, or on industry averages.

8 TENNESSEE TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSINGmGEOG. AREA SERIESU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Jan. 10, 2000

Table 2. Summary Statistics for Metropolitan Areas: 1997[Includes only establishments with payroll. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see Appendix A. For definitions of metropolitan areas (CMSAs,MSAs, and PMSAs), see Appendix E]

NAICScode Geographic area and kind of business

Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


CHATTANOOGA, TN–GA MSA

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 288......................... 578 501 203 154 45 841 7 215 9.3 5.6

481 Air transportation %% 5................................................. D D D a D D

483 Water transportation 1.................................................. D D D b D D

484 Truck transportation 177................................................... 476 669 173 962 39 192 5 755 8.5 4.0

4841 General freight trucking 110.............................................. 402 043 154 149 34 558 4 988 4.8 2.448411 General freight trucking, local 28...................................... 17 022 4 724 1 278 192 25.3 14.6484110 General freight trucking, local 28.................................... 17 022 4 724 1 278 192 25.3 14.64841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 18........... 11 907 2 460 550 91 20.7 19.1

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 82............................... 385 021 149 425 33 280 4 796 3.9 1.8484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 58.................... 297 482 119 135 26 390 3 965 5.0 2.4484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 24........... 87 539 30 290 6 890 831 .3 .1

4842 Specialized freight trucking 67........................................... 74 626 19 813 4 634 767 27.9 13.048422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 36................. 26 708 5 496 1 087 218 63.8 7.9484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 36............... 26 708 5 496 1 087 218 63.8 7.94842203 Dump trucking 30................................................ 22 132 4 305 815 160 70.8 1.3

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 23......... 36 535 10 815 2 710 401 6.4 13.6484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 23....... 36 535 10 815 2 710 401 6.4 13.64842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 12......................... 16 382 5 042 1 353 175 14.3 1.2

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 16............................... 4 848 1 764 374 125 3.3 5.4

486 Pipeline transportation 3................................................. D D D a D D

487 Scenic & sightseeing transportation 3..................................... 3 657 680 133 58 D 32.4

488 Support activities for transportation 46...................................... 16 091 5 993 1 038 263 13.3 42.5

4884 Support activities for road transportation 14............................... 8 565 2 978 323 103 10.2 62.648841 Motor vehicle towing 14.............................................. 8 565 2 978 323 103 10.2 62.6488410 Motor vehicle towing 14............................................ 8 565 2 978 323 103 10.2 62.6

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 19.................................... 3 812 1 475 355 65 18.6 30.848851 Freight transportation arrangement 19.................................. 3 812 1 475 355 65 18.6 30.8488510 Freight transportation arrangement 19................................ 3 812 1 475 355 65 18.6 30.84885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 11.................. 2 385 821 211 39 21.6 34.1

492 Couriers & messengers 28................................................ 32 321 8 149 2 123 549 6.1 8.2

4921 Couriers 11........................................................... 25 319 5 743 1 632 384 .7 7.049211 Couriers 11......................................................... 25 319 5 743 1 632 384 .7 7.0492110 Couriers 11....................................................... 25 319 5 743 1 632 384 .7 7.0

4922 Local messengers & local delivery 17.................................... 7 002 2 406 491 165 25.5 12.949221 Local messengers & local delivery 17.................................. 7 002 2 406 491 165 25.5 12.9492210 Local messengers & local delivery 17................................ 7 002 2 406 491 165 25.5 12.9

493 Warehousing & storage 9................................................ 25 753 9 076 2 077 361 – 8.1

CLARKSVILLE–HOPKINSVILLE, TN–KY MSA

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 89......................... 47 304 15 798 3 709 666 25.5 12.8

484 Truck transportation 66................................................... 37 051 11 415 2 480 451 30.1 9.0

4841 General freight trucking 24.............................................. 12 654 3 684 786 109 16.1 5.148412 General freight trucking, long~distance 18............................... 10 548 3 018 652 87 18.9 5.1484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 16.................... D D D b D D

4842 Specialized freight trucking 42........................................... 24 397 7 731 1 694 342 37.4 11.148421 Used household & office goods moving 12.............................. 11 691 4 744 1 026 222 35.0 21.1484210 Used household & office goods moving 12............................ 11 691 4 744 1 026 222 35.0 21.1

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 22................. 8 066 1 715 380 72 44.5 3.0484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 22............... 8 066 1 715 380 72 44.5 3.04842203 Dump trucking 16................................................ D D D b D D

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 8............................... 2 190 860 197 84 26.3 14.1


488 Support activities for transportation 9...................................... 4 969 2 493 784 97 4.6 7.9

492 Couriers & messengers 4................................................ D D D b D D

493 Warehousing & storage 1................................................ D D D a D D



Table 2. Summary Statistics for Metropolitan Areas: 1997mCon.[Includes only establishments with payroll. For meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. For explanation of terms, see Appendix A. For definitions of metropolitan areas (CMSAs,MSAs, and PMSAs), see Appendix E]


Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


JACKSON, TN MSA


481 Air transportation %% 1................................................. D D D a D D


4841 General freight trucking 55.............................................. 134 378 30 811 7 052 1 026 15.4 .148412 General freight trucking, long~distance 47............................... 132 577 30 559 7 012 1 016 14.6 –484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 36.................... 92 836 18 250 4 169 593 20.4 –484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 11........... 39 741 12 309 2 843 423 1.1 –

4842 Specialized freight trucking 23........................................... 11 662 3 454 788 139 33.0 12.348422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 15................. 5 161 1 083 224 50 36.2 15.3484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 15............... 5 161 1 083 224 50 36.2 15.34842203 Dump trucking 12................................................ 4 819 941 194 43 34.6 13.6

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 5............................... D D D b D D



492 Couriers & messengers 6................................................ 2 013 667 158 58 30.8 –

493 Warehousing & storage 3................................................ 2 371 829 204 37 – –

JOHNSON CITY–KINGSPORT–BRISTOL, TN–VA MSA


481 Air transportation %% 3................................................. 1 521 392 94 11 D –


4841 General freight trucking 105.............................................. 145 067 44 296 10 656 1 851 15.1 2.748411 General freight trucking, local 22...................................... 21 080 5 055 1 182 217 9.8 10.0484110 General freight trucking, local 22.................................... 21 080 5 055 1 182 217 9.8 10.04841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 15........... 18 322 3 953 862 152 4.8 4.3

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 83............................... 123 987 39 241 9 474 1 634 16.0 1.5484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 67.................... 83 438 23 498 5 884 1 139 22.2 2.2484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 16........... 40 549 15 743 3 590 495 3.3 –

4842 Specialized freight trucking 108........................................... 66 735 14 983 3 157 661 26.1 11.148421 Used household & office goods moving 19.............................. 9 453 2 537 461 127 11.7 22.9484210 Used household & office goods moving 19............................ 9 453 2 537 461 127 11.7 22.9

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 58................. 20 409 4 533 917 252 50.5 17.5484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 58............... 20 409 4 533 917 252 50.5 17.54842202 Agricultural products trucking without storage, local 15............... 4 097 1 030 207 55 50.0 1.34842203 Dump trucking 31................................................ 12 198 2 295 473 130 55.9 26.8

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 31......... 36 873 7 913 1 779 282 16.3 4.6484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 31....... 36 873 7 913 1 779 282 16.3 4.64842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 11......................... 14 156 3 691 859 134 15.8 11.1

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 24............................... 20 643 7 711 1 950 772 2.9 7.1

486 Pipeline transportation 2................................................. D D D b D D

487 Scenic & sightseeing transportation 1..................................... D D D a D D


492 Couriers & messengers 15................................................ 19 756 4 669 1 103 220 2.3 2.4

493 Warehousing & storage 5................................................ D D D a D D





Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


KNOXVILLE, TN MSA


481 Air transportation %% 8................................................. D D D b D D


4841 General freight trucking 147.............................................. 365 055 114 233 25 157 3 840 9.0 4.148411 General freight trucking, local 31...................................... 26 546 5 260 1 412 220 57.8 6.4484110 General freight trucking, local 31.................................... 26 546 5 260 1 412 220 57.8 6.44841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 22........... 25 239 4 652 1 072 165 59.6 6.1

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 116............................... 338 509 108 973 23 745 3 620 5.1 3.9484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 90.................... 223 220 58 494 12 930 2 143 7.7 5.9484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 26........... 115 289 50 479 10 815 1 477 .3 –

4842 Specialized freight trucking 120........................................... 107 342 31 791 5 924 1 116 22.1 13.548421 Used household & office goods moving 23.............................. 16 884 5 511 1 153 275 24.2 18.5484210 Used household & office goods moving 23............................ 16 884 5 511 1 153 275 24.2 18.5

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 65................. 34 069 8 617 1 573 404 39.5 6.7484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 65............... 34 069 8 617 1 573 404 39.5 6.74842203 Dump trucking 39................................................ 22 070 5 776 994 285 39.1 7.64842204 Specialized trucking without storage, local 17....................... 7 592 1 641 358 65 32.3 2.1

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 32......... 56 389 17 663 3 198 437 11.0 16.1484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 32....... 56 389 17 663 3 198 437 11.0 16.14842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 20......................... 34 231 11 565 2 545 344 11.9 24.4

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 113............................... 24 816 5 698 1 382 551 19.3 8.4

4854 School & employee bus transportation 95................................. 12 010 3 267 921 416 30.1 14.548541 School & employee bus transportation 95............................... 12 010 3 267 921 416 30.1 14.5485410 School & employee bus transportation 95............................. 12 010 3 267 921 416 30.1 14.54854101 School bus service 95............................................ 12 010 3 267 921 416 30.1 14.5



488 Support activities for transportation 56...................................... 33 328 10 623 2 606 399 5.6 4.1

4884 Support activities for road transportation 24............................... D D D c D D48841 Motor vehicle towing 20.............................................. 7 645 3 709 786 135 20.3 7.5488410 Motor vehicle towing 20............................................ 7 645 3 709 786 135 20.3 7.5

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 21.................................... 6 497 1 651 391 61 3.0 11.248851 Freight transportation arrangement 21.................................. 6 497 1 651 391 61 3.0 11.2488510 Freight transportation arrangement 21................................ 6 497 1 651 391 61 3.0 11.24885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 18.................. 4 668 1 403 320 51 4.1 15.6

492 Couriers & messengers 22................................................ 34 310 8 125 1 967 404 2.1 .1

4921 Couriers 13........................................................... 30 295 7 498 1 805 342 .1 –49211 Couriers 13......................................................... 30 295 7 498 1 805 342 .1 –492110 Couriers 13....................................................... 30 295 7 498 1 805 342 .1 –

493 Warehousing & storage 15................................................ D D D c D D

4931 Warehousing & storage 15.............................................. D D D c D D49311 General warehousing & storage 13.................................... 7 830 4 018 947 172 – 5.9493110 General warehousing & storage 13.................................. 7 830 4 018 947 172 – 5.94931101 General warehousing & storage (except in foreign trade zones) 13..... 7 830 4 018 947 172 – 5.9

MEMPHIS, TN–AR–MS MSA

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 924......................... 2 522 495 841 219 188 756 24 268 6.7 2.6

481 Air transportation %% 9................................................. D D D b D D

483 Water transportation 8.................................................. 57 287 9 761 2 308 295 – –

484 Truck transportation 423................................................... 1 393 113 477 748 109 898 13 832 9.4 1.7

4841 General freight trucking 240.............................................. 1 112 108 406 865 94 047 11 744 5.9 1.248411 General freight trucking, local 69...................................... 52 527 15 642 3 764 620 21.3 6.5484110 General freight trucking, local 69.................................... 52 527 15 642 3 764 620 21.3 6.54841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 43........... 35 019 8 416 1 783 294 19.8 9.24841102 General freight trucking w/o storage, local, less than truckload 16...... 11 481 5 283 1 594 253 24.9 1.8

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 171............................... 1 059 581 391 223 90 283 11 124 5.2 .9484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 131.................... 690 760 192 252 44 845 6 077 7.8 1.3484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 40........... 368 821 198 971 45 438 5 047 .3 –

4842 Specialized freight trucking 183........................................... 281 005 70 883 15 851 2 088 22.9 4.048421 Used household & office goods moving 34.............................. 52 713 13 831 3 428 504 31.2 6.3484210 Used household & office goods moving 34............................ 52 713 13 831 3 428 504 31.2 6.34842101 Used household & office goods moving, local, without storage 19...... D D D c D D

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 89................. 58 286 13 504 2 933 528 62.5 2.8484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 89............... 58 286 13 504 2 933 528 62.5 2.84842203 Dump trucking 49................................................ 16 521 3 646 660 150 48.1 5.74842204 Specialized trucking without storage, local 24....................... 20 400 5 328 1 292 218 52.3 .6

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 60......... 170 006 43 548 9 490 1 056 6.7 3.7484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 60....... 170 006 43 548 9 490 1 056 6.7 3.74842301 Hazardous materials trucking (except waste), long~distance 14........ 26 751 6 709 1 575 204 6.4 10.24842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 36......................... 139 923 36 468 7 840 838 5.1 2.2


486 Pipeline transportation 5................................................. D D D b D D





Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


MEMPHIS, TN–AR–MS MSAmCon.48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% **mCon.



4881 Support activities for air transportation 23................................. 52 729 11 744 3 411 529 1.0 1.848819 Other support activities for air transportation 16.......................... 48 087 9 654 2 924 347 1.0 1.9488190 Other support activities for air transportation 16........................ 48 087 9 654 2 924 347 1.0 1.9

4882 Support activities for rail transportation 12................................ 31 072 3 430 908 173 .1 1.648821 Support activities for rail transportation 12.............................. 31 072 3 430 908 173 .1 1.6488210 Support activities for rail transportation 12............................ 31 072 3 430 908 173 .1 1.64882101 Support activities incidental to rail transportation 12.................. 31 072 3 430 908 173 .1 1.6

4883 Support activities for water transportation 17.............................. 34 495 7 034 1 738 263 7.5 –

4884 Support activities for road transportation 38............................... D D D e D D48841 Motor vehicle towing 33.............................................. 10 676 3 346 776 152 38.2 1.2488410 Motor vehicle towing 33............................................ 10 676 3 346 776 152 38.2 1.2

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 108.................................... 146 862 62 052 14 112 1 744 3.7 13.248851 Freight transportation arrangement 108.................................. 146 862 62 052 14 112 1 744 3.7 13.2488510 Freight transportation arrangement 108................................ 146 862 62 052 14 112 1 744 3.7 13.24885101 Freight forwarding 40............................................ 57 228 25 764 5 856 857 1.4 2.94885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 68.................. 89 634 36 288 8 256 887 5.1 19.7

492 Couriers & messengers 160................................................ 582 020 204 683 41 117 4 437 1.6 .1

4921 Couriers 135........................................................... 558 013 195 051 38 858 4 088 .9 .149211 Couriers 135......................................................... 558 013 195 051 38 858 4 088 .9 .1492110 Couriers 135....................................................... 558 013 195 051 38 858 4 088 .9 .14921101 Courier services (except by air) 16................................. 29 129 8 214 1 844 613 10.3 1.44921102 Air courier services 119............................................ 528 884 186 837 37 014 3 475 .3 –


493 Warehousing & storage 91................................................ 136 259 37 476 8 462 1 406 7.5 8.9

4931 Warehousing & storage 91.............................................. 136 259 37 476 8 462 1 406 7.5 8.949311 General warehousing & storage 57.................................... 68 894 21 175 4 558 774 11.8 16.8493110 General warehousing & storage 57.................................. 68 894 21 175 4 558 774 11.8 16.84931101 General warehousing & storage (except in foreign trade zones) 57..... 68 894 21 175 4 558 774 11.8 16.8

49313 Farm product warehousing & storage 13................................ D D D c D D493130 Farm product warehousing & storage 13.............................. D D D c D D

49319 Other warehousing & storage 17...................................... 35 876 9 174 2 364 356 5.9 –493190 Other warehousing & storage 17.................................... 35 876 9 174 2 364 356 5.9 –

NASHVILLE, TN MSA

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 757......................... 1 934 718 677 606 163 112 22 048 7.2 2.4

481 Air transportation %% 20................................................. 40 012 7 902 1 978 319 20.4 5.9

4812 Nonscheduled air transportation 12...................................... 19 629 3 764 946 143 – 5.948121 Nonscheduled air transportation 12.................................... 19 629 3 764 946 143 – 5.9

483 Water transportation 6.................................................. D D D e D D

484 Truck transportation 427................................................... 1 074 242 388 119 93 287 11 371 9.4 2.8

4841 General freight trucking 241.............................................. 790 281 306 310 74 308 8 870 8.0 1.748411 General freight trucking, local 57...................................... 48 448 15 601 3 938 552 40.1 7.3484110 General freight trucking, local 57.................................... 48 448 15 601 3 938 552 40.1 7.34841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 34........... 32 975 8 511 1 874 277 50.3 8.04841102 General freight trucking w/o storage, local, less than truckload 17...... 14 081 6 666 1 847 247 20.2 –

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 184............................... 741 833 290 709 70 370 8 318 5.9 1.4484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 147.................... 470 432 129 188 33 022 4 376 8.4 2.0484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 37........... 271 401 161 521 37 348 3 942 1.5 .3

4842 Specialized freight trucking 186........................................... 283 961 81 809 18 979 2 501 13.2 5.948421 Used household & office goods moving 39.............................. 31 616 11 378 2 654 489 17.9 28.9484210 Used household & office goods moving 39............................ 31 616 11 378 2 654 489 17.9 28.94842101 Used household & office goods moving, local, without storage 15...... 4 305 1 114 260 70 26.3 13.84842102 Used household & office goods moving, long~distance 17............. 19 426 7 886 1 868 304 8.9 44.0

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 89................. 44 336 12 559 2 442 521 34.1 7.0484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 89............... 44 336 12 559 2 442 521 34.1 7.04842203 Dump trucking 53................................................ 30 256 7 826 1 446 323 32.9 8.24842204 Specialized trucking without storage, local 22....................... 7 364 2 504 499 98 22.1 7.1

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 58......... 208 009 57 872 13 883 1 491 8.1 2.2484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 58....... 208 009 57 872 13 883 1 491 8.1 2.24842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 44......................... 140 434 49 468 11 092 1 162 10.5 2.8


4853 Taxi & limousine service 15............................................. 4 485 1 806 405 128 13.0 2.5

4854 School & employee bus transportation 26................................. 2 170 560 138 51 19.2 .348541 School & employee bus transportation 26............................... 2 170 560 138 51 19.2 .3485410 School & employee bus transportation 26............................. 2 170 560 138 51 19.2 .34854101 School bus service 26............................................ 2 170 560 138 51 19.2 .3

4859 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 12........................ D D D b D D48599 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 12...................... D D D b D D

486 Pipeline transportation 10................................................. 52 581 4 897 1 280 77 – –

487 Scenic & sightseeing transportation 7..................................... D D D c D D





Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


NASHVILLE, TN MSAmCon.48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% **mCon.


4881 Support activities for air transportation 21................................. 47 719 13 921 3 201 496 1.1 1.448811 Airport operations 11................................................. 10 294 2 308 530 133 5.2 2.0

4884 Support activities for road transportation 35............................... D D D e D D48841 Motor vehicle towing 33.............................................. 35 081 8 332 1 791 366 6.4 10.5488410 Motor vehicle towing 33............................................ 35 081 8 332 1 791 366 6.4 10.5

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 63.................................... 69 130 18 780 3 925 603 2.0 5.548851 Freight transportation arrangement 63.................................. 69 130 18 780 3 925 603 2.0 5.5488510 Freight transportation arrangement 63................................ 69 130 18 780 3 925 603 2.0 5.54885101 Freight forwarding 25............................................ 46 304 10 412 2 219 357 1.3 1.64885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 38.................. 22 826 8 368 1 706 246 3.4 13.3

492 Couriers & messengers 51................................................ 409 191 167 569 43 581 6 405 2.0 .2

4921 Couriers 25........................................................... 394 797 163 175 42 439 6 143 .9 –49211 Couriers 25......................................................... 394 797 163 175 42 439 6 143 .9 –492110 Couriers 25....................................................... 394 797 163 175 42 439 6 143 .9 –4921101 Courier services (except by air) 12................................. D D D i D D4921102 Air courier services 13............................................ D D D e D D


493 Warehousing & storage 43................................................ 69 728 26 085 4 867 727 2.3 .7

4931 Warehousing & storage 43.............................................. 69 728 26 085 4 867 727 2.3 .749311 General warehousing & storage 29.................................... 45 958 17 412 2 862 443 3.0 .7493110 General warehousing & storage 29.................................. 45 958 17 412 2 862 443 3.0 .74931101 General warehousing & storage (except in foreign trade zones) 29..... 45 958 17 412 2 862 443 3.0 .7

AREA OUTSIDE TENNESSEE METROPOLITAN AREAS

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% ** 1 276......................... 1 275 134 295 427 65 906 11 063 19.6 5.1

481 Air transportation %% 6................................................. 24 040 2 461 555 77 – 5.6

483 Water transportation 5.................................................. D D D c D D

484 Truck transportation 1 045................................................... 1 091 795 260 019 57 905 9 437 22.0 5.0

4841 General freight trucking 543.............................................. 832 196 204 554 46 411 6 745 16.2 4.248411 General freight trucking, local 110...................................... 75 742 14 563 3 392 652 35.5 2.7484110 General freight trucking, local 110.................................... 75 742 14 563 3 392 652 35.5 2.74841101 General freight trucking without storage, local, truckload 92........... 68 721 12 686 2 968 586 34.3 2.24841102 General freight trucking w/o storage, local, less than truckload 15...... 5 741 1 249 273 45 36.9 7.4

48412 General freight trucking, long~distance 433............................... 756 454 189 991 43 019 6 093 14.2 4.4484121 General freight trucking, long~distance, truckload 371.................... 544 369 109 867 24 068 4 093 18.8 6.0484122 General freight trucking, long~distance, less than truckload 62........... 212 085 80 124 18 951 2 000 2.4 .4

4842 Specialized freight trucking 502........................................... 259 599 55 465 11 494 2 692 40.8 7.348421 Used household & office goods moving 24.............................. D D D c D D484210 Used household & office goods moving 24............................ D D D c D D

48422 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 355................. D D D g D D484220 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, local 355............... D D D g D D4842202 Agricultural products trucking without storage, local 65............... 17 358 4 287 980 209 59.5 13.14842203 Dump trucking 227................................................ D D D g D D4842204 Specialized trucking without storage, local 53....................... 16 401 4 509 1 068 207 57.2 9.9

48423 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 123......... 104 119 20 188 4 527 769 28.5 5.5484230 Specialized freight (except used goods) trucking, long~distance 123....... 104 119 20 188 4 527 769 28.5 5.54842301 Hazardous materials trucking (except waste), long~distance 21........ 18 193 5 880 1 310 207 12.8 5.04842302 Agricultural products trucking, long~distance 39...................... 29 738 4 569 1 097 205 48.3 12.14842303 Other specialized trucking, long~distance 63......................... 56 188 9 739 2 120 357 23.1 2.2

485 Transit & ground passenger transportation 65............................... 7 122 1 719 469 209 17.7 6.3

4854 School & employee bus transportation 37................................. D D D b D D48541 School & employee bus transportation 37............................... D D D b D D485410 School & employee bus transportation 37............................. D D D b D D4854101 School bus service 37............................................ D D D b D D

4859 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 14........................ D D D b D D48599 Other transit & ground passenger transportation 14...................... D D D b D D485991 Special needs transportation 11..................................... D D D b D D

486 Pipeline transportation 8................................................. D D D c D D


488 Support activities for transportation 86...................................... D D D f D D

4881 Support activities for air transportation 18................................. 3 680 734 164 59 24.8 9.948811 Airport operations 13................................................. 2 562 512 117 48 28.4 6.4488119 Other airport operations 13......................................... 2 562 512 117 48 28.4 6.44881191 Airport operation & terminal services 13............................ 2 562 512 117 48 28.4 6.4

4884 Support activities for road transportation 22............................... 5 230 1 463 247 88 13.6 8.348841 Motor vehicle towing 19.............................................. D D D b D D488410 Motor vehicle towing 19............................................ D D D b D D

4885 Freight transportation arrangement 35.................................... 14 900 3 686 811 127 11.8 7.948851 Freight transportation arrangement 35.................................. 14 900 3 686 811 127 11.8 7.9488510 Freight transportation arrangement 35................................ 14 900 3 686 811 127 11.8 7.94885101 Freight forwarding 11............................................ D D D b D D4885102 Arrangement of transportation of freight & cargo 24.................. D D D b D D





Percent of revenuem

Establish~ments




($1,000)

Paidemployees

for payperiod


Fromadminis~


AREA OUTSIDE TENNESSEE METROPOLITAN AREASmCon.

48~49 Transportation & warehousing %% **mCon.

492 Couriers & messengers 26................................................ D D D c D D

4921 Couriers 12........................................................... D D D c D D49211 Couriers 12......................................................... D D D c D D492110 Couriers 12....................................................... D D D c D D

4922 Local messengers & local delivery 14.................................... 3 711 630 219 59 17.7 82.349221 Local messengers & local delivery 14.................................. 3 711 630 219 59 17.7 82.3492210 Local messengers & local delivery 14................................ 3 711 630 219 59 17.7 82.3

493 Warehousing & storage 33................................................ 28 363 7 802 1 819 330 9.7 .3

4931 Warehousing & storage 33.............................................. 28 363 7 802 1 819 330 9.7 .349311 General warehousing & storage 19.................................... D D D c D D493110 General warehousing & storage 19.................................. D D D c D D4931101 General warehousing & storage (except in foreign trade zones) 19..... D D D c D D

49313 Farm product warehousing & storage 11................................ D D D b D D493130 Farm product warehousing & storage 11.............................. D D D b D D

%% Data do not include large certificated passenger carriers that report to the Office of Airline Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation.** Railroad transportation and U.S. Postal Service are out of scope for the 1997 Economic Census.

1Includes revenue information obtained from administrative records of other Federal agencies.2Includes revenue information which was imputed based on historic company ratios or administrative records, or on industry averages.


Appendix A.Explanation of Terms

ANNUAL PAYROLL

Payroll includes all forms of compensation such as sala-ries, wages, commissions, dismissal pay, bonuses, vaca-tion allowances, sick-leave pay, and employee contribu-tions to qualified pension plans paid during the year to allemployees. For corporations, payroll includes amountspaid to officers and executives; for unincorporated busi-nesses, it does not include profit or other compensation ofproprietors or partners. Payroll is reported before deduc-tions for social security, income tax insurance, union dues,etc. This definition of payroll is the same as that used bythe Internal Revenue Service (IRS) on form 941.

FIRST-QUARTER PAYROLL ($1,000)

Represents payroll paid to persons employed at anytime during the quarter January to March 1997.

NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES

Paid employees consist of the full-time and part-timeemployees, including salaried officers and executives ofcorporations. Included are employees on paid sick leave,paid holidays, and paid vacations; not included are propri-etors and partners of unincorporated businesses. The defi-nition of paid employees is the same as that is used on IRSform 941.

Includes all employees who were on the payroll duringthe pay period including March 12.

NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS

An establishment is a single physical location at whichbusiness is conducted. It is not necessarily identical with acompany or enterprise, which may consist of one estab-lishment or more. Economic census figures represent asummary of reports for individual establishments ratherthan companies. For cases where a census report wasreceived, separate information was obtained for each loca-tion where business was conducted. When administrative

records of other Federal agencies were used instead of acensus report, no information was available on the num-ber of locations operated. Each economic census estab-lishment was tabulated according to the physical locationat which the business was conducted. The count of estab-lishments represents those in business at any time during1997.

When two or more activities were carried on at a singlelocation under a single ownership, all activities generallywere grouped together as a single establishment. Theentire establishment was classified on the basis of itsmajor activity and all data for it were included in that clas-sification. However, when distinct and separate economicactivities (for which different industry classification codeswere appropriate) were conducted at a single locationunder a single ownership, separate establishments reportsfor each of the different activities were obtained in thecensus.

REVENUE

Includes revenue from all business activities whether ornot payment was received in the census year. Revenuedoes not include sales and other taxes collected from cus-tomers and remitted directly by the firm to a local, state,or Federal tax agency.

SALES, RECEIPTS, OR REVENUE ESTIMATED(PERCENT)

Percent of total sales/receipts/revenue that wasimputed based on historic company ratios or administra-tive records, or on industry averages.

SALES, RECEIPTS, OR REVENUE FROM ADMINISTRA-TIVE RECORDS (PERCENT)

Percent of total sales/receipts/revenue obtained fromadministrative records of other Federal agencies.

APPENDIX A A–1TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING


Appendix B.NAICS Codes, Titles, and Descriptions

48-49 TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING

The Transportation and Warehousing sector includesindustries providing transportation of passengers andcargo, warehousing and storage for goods, scenic andsightseeing transportation, and support activities relatedto modes of transportation. Establishments in these indus-tries use transportation equipment or transportationrelated facilities as a productive asset. The type of equip-ment depends on the mode of transportation. The modesof transportation are air, rail, water, road, and pipeline.

The Transportation and Warehousing sector distin-guishes three basic types of activities: subsectors for eachmode of transportation, a subsector for warehousing andstorage, and a subsector for establishments providingsupport activities for transportation. In addition, there aresubsectors for establishments that provide passengertransportation for scenic and sightseeing purposes, postalservices, and courier services.

A separate subsector for support activities is estab-lished in the sector because, first, support activities fortransportation are inherently multimodal, such as freighttransportation arrangement, or have multimodal aspects.Secondly, there are production process similarities amongthe support activity industries.

One of the support activities identified in the supportactivity subsector is the routine repair and maintenance oftransportation equipment (e.g., aircraft at an airport, rail-road rolling stock at a railroad terminal, or ships at a har-bor or port facility). Such establishments do not performcomplete overhauling or rebuilding of transportationequipment (i.e., periodic restoration of transportationequipment to original design specifications) or transporta-tion equipment conversion (i.e., major modification to sys-tems). An establishment that primarily performs factory(or shipyard) overhauls, rebuilding, or conversions of air-craft, railroad rolling stock, or a ship is classified in Sub-sector 336, Transportation Equipment Manufacturingaccording to the type of equipment.

Many of the establishments in this sector often operateon networks, with physical facilities, labor forces, andequipment spread over an extensive geographic area.

Warehousing establishments in this sector are distin-guished from merchant wholesaling in that the warehouseestablishments do not sell the goods.

Excluded from this sector are establishments primarilyengaged in providing travel agent services that supporttransportation and other establishments, such as hotels,

businesses, and government agencies. These establish-ments are classified in Sector 56, Administrative and Sup-port, Waste Management, and Remediation Services. Also,establishments primarily engaged in providing rental andleasing of transportation equipment without operator areclassified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Services.

481 Air Transportation

Industries in the Air Transportation subsector provideair transportation of passengers and/or cargo using air-craft, such as airplanes and helicopters. The subsector dis-tinguishes scheduled from nonscheduled air transporta-tion. Scheduled air carriers fly regular routes on regularschedules and operate even if flights are only partiallyloaded. Nonscheduled carriers often operate during non-peak time slots at busy airports. These establishmentshave more flexibility with respect to choice of airport,hours of operation, load factors, and similar operationalcharacteristics. Nonscheduled carriers provide charteredair transportation of passengers, cargo, or specialty flyingservices. Specialty flying services establishments use gen-eral purpose aircraft to provide a variety of specialized fly-ing services.

Scenic and sightseeing air transportation and air courierservices are not included in this subsector but areincluded in Subsector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Trans-portation and in Subsector 492, Couriers and Messengers.Although these activities may use aircraft, they are differ-ent from the activities included in air transportation. Airsightseeing does not usually involve place-to-place trans-portation; the passenger’s flight (e.g., balloon ride, aerialsightseeing) typically starts and ends at the same location.Courier services (individual package or cargo delivery)includes more than air transportation; road transportationis usually required to deliver the cargo to the intendedrecipient.

4811 Scheduled Air Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of passengersand/or cargo over regular routes and on regular sched-ules. Establishments in this industry operate flights even ifpartially loaded. Establishments primarily engaged in pro-viding scheduled air transportation of mail on a contractbasis are included in this industry.

48111 Scheduled Air Transportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of passengers

APPENDIX B B–1TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING


and/or cargo over regular routes and on regular sched-ules. Establishments in this industry operate flights even ifpartially loaded. Establishments primarily engaged in pro-viding scheduled air transportation of mail on a contractbasis are included in this industry.

481111 Scheduled Passenger Air Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of passengers orpassengers and freight over regular routes and on regularschedules. Establishments in this industry operate flightseven if partially loaded. Scheduled air passenger carriersincluding commuter and helicopter carriers (except scenicand sightseeing) are included in this industry.

NAICS code 481111 are comprised of this part of thefollowing SIC industry:

4512 (pt) Scheduled passenger carrier airtransportation

481112 Scheduled Freight Air Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of cargo withouttransporting passengers over regular routes and on regu-lar schedules. Establishments in this industry operateflights even if partially loaded. Establishments primarilyengaged in providing scheduled air transportation of mailon a contract basis are included in this industry.

The data published with NAICS code 481112 is com-prised of this part of the following SIC industry:

4512 (pt) Scheduled freight carrier air transportation

4812 Nonscheduled Air Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in (1) providing air transportation of passengersand/or cargo with no regular routes and regular schedulesor (2) providing specialty flying services with no regularroutes and regular schedules using general purpose air-craft. These establishments have more flexibility withrespect to choice of airports, hours of operation, load fac-tors, and similar operational characteristics.

48121 Nonscheduled Air Transportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in (1) providing air transportation of passengersand/or cargo with no regular routes and regular schedulesor (2) providing specialty flying services with no regularroutes and regular schedules using general purpose air-craft. These establishments have more flexibility withrespect to choice of airports, hours of operation, load fac-tors, and similar operational characteristics.

481211 Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger AirTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of passengers orpassengers and cargo with no regular routes and regularschedules.

The data published with NAICS code 481211 are com-prised of this part of the following SIC industry:

4522 (pt) Nonscheduled charter passenger airtransportation

481212 Nonscheduled Chartered Freight AirTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation of cargo withouttransporting passengers with no regular routes and regu-lar schedules.


4522 (pt) Nonscheduled charter freight airtransportation

481219 Other Nonscheduled Air Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air transportation with no regularroutes and regular schedules (except nonscheduled char-tered passenger and/or cargo air transportation). Theseestablishments provide a variety of specialty air transpor-tation or flying services based on individual customerneeds using general purpose aircraft.


4522 (pt) Variety of specialized flying services

482 Rail Transportation

Industries in the Rail Transportation subsector providerail transportation of passengers and/or cargo using rail-road rolling stock. The railroads in this subsector primarilyeither operate on networks, with physical facilities, laborforce, and equipment spread over an extensive geographicarea, or operate over a short distance on a local rail line.

Scenic and sightseeing rail transportation and streetrailroads, commuter rail, and rapid transit are not includedin this subsector but are included in Subsector 487, Scenicand Sightseeing Transportation, and Subsector 485, Tran-sit and Ground Passenger Transportation, respectively.Although these activities use railroad rolling stock, theyare different from the activities included in rail transporta-tion. Sightseeing and scenic railroads do not usuallyinvolve place-to-place transportation; the passenger’s triptypically starts and ends at the same location. Commuterrailroads operate in a manner more consistent with localand urban transit and are often part of integrated transitsystems.


This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating railroads (except street railroads,commuter rail, urban rapid transit, and scenic and sightse-eing trains). Line-haul railroads and short line railroads areincluded in this industry.

B–2 APPENDIX B TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING



This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating railroads (except street railroads,commuter rail, urban rapid transit, and scenic and sightse-eing trains). Line-haul railroads and short line railroads areincluded in this industry.

482111 Line-Haul Railroads

This U.S. industry comprises establishments known asline-haul railroads primarily engaged in operating railroadsfor the transport of passengers and/or cargo over a long-distance within a rail network. These establishments pro-vide for the intercity movement of trains between the ter-minals and stations on main and branch lines of a line-haul rail network (except for local switching services).


4011 Railroads (line-hauling operating)

482112 Shortline Railroads

This U.S. industry comprises establishments known asshortline railroads primarily engaged in operating rail-roads for the transport of cargo over a short distance onlocal rail lines not part of a rail network.


4013 (pt) Beltline and logging railroads

483 Water Transportation

Industries in the Water Transportation subsector pro-vide water transportation of passengers and cargo usingwatercraft, such as ships, barges, and boats.

The subsector is composed of two industry groups: (1)one for deep sea, coastal, and Great Lakes; and (2) one forinland water transportation. This split typically reflects thedifference in equipment used.

Scenic and sightseeing water transportation servicesare not included in this subsector but are included in Sub-sector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation.Although these activities use watercraft, they are differentfrom the activities included in water transportation. Watersightseeing does not usually involve place-to-place trans-portation; the passenger’s trip starts and ends at the samelocation.

4831 Deep Sea, Coastal, and Great Lakes WaterTransportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing deep sea, coastal, Great Lakes, andSt. Lawrence Seaway water transportation. Marine trans-portation establishments using the facilities of the St.Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered tobe using the Great Lakes Water Transportation System.

48311 Deep Sea, Coastal, and Great Lakes WaterTransportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing deep sea, coastal, Great Lakes, andSt. Lawrence Seaway water transportation. Marine trans-portation establishments using the facilities of the St.Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered tobe using the Great Lakes Water Transportation System.

483111 Deep Sea Freight Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing deep sea transportation of cargo toor from foreign ports.


4412 Deep sea freight transportation

483112 Deep Sea Passenger Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing deep sea transportation of passen-gers to or from foreign ports.


4481 (pt) Deep sea passenger transportation, foreign(except by ferry)

483113 Coastal and Great Lakes FreightTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing water transportation of cargo incoastal waters, on the Great Lakes System, or deep seasbetween ports of the United States, Puerto Rico, andUnited States island possessions or protectorates. Marinetransportation establishments using the facilities of the St.Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered tobe using the Great Lakes Water Transportation System.Establishments primarily engaged in providing coastaland/or Great Lakes barge transportation services areincluded in this industry.

The data published with NAICS code 483113 are com-prised of these parts of the following SIC industries:

4424 Deep sea domestic transportation of freight

4432 Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway freight trans-portation

4492 (pt) Coastal or intercoastal towing service

4831131 Coastal and Intercoastal FreightTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in operating vessels,for transportation of freight on the deep seas betweenports of the United States, Puerto Rico, and United Statesisland possessions or protectorates.



4831132 Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway FreightTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in the transportationof freight on the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway,either between U.S. ports or between U.S. and Canadianports.

4831133 Coastal and Intercoastal Towing Service

Establishments primarily engaged in providing coastalor intercoastal towing services.

483114 Coastal and Great Lakes PassengerTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing water transportation of passengersin coastal waters, the Great Lakes System, or deep seasbetween ports of the United States, Puerto Rico, andUnited States island possessions and protectorates. Marinetransportation establishments using the facilities of the St.Lawrence Seaway Authority Commission are considered tobe using the Great Lakes Water Transportation System.


4481 (pt) Coastal or Great Lakes-St. LawrenceSeaway passenger transportation (exceptby ferry)

4482 (pt) Coastal or Great Lakes-St. LawrenceSeaway ferry transportation

4831141 Coastal and Great Lakes-St. LawrenceSeaway Passenger Transportation (Except ByFerries)

Establishments primarily engaged in operating vessels(except ferries) for the transportation of passengers on theGreat Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway or on coastal waterways.

4831142 Coastal and Great Lakes-St. LawrenceSeaway Ferry Transportation

Establishments primarily engaged in operating ferrieson the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway, or on coastalwaters for the transportation of passengers or vehicles.

4832 Inland Water Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing inland water transportation of pas-sengers and/or cargo on lakes, rivers, or intracoastalwaterways (except on the Great Lakes System).

48321 Inland Water Transportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing inland water transportation of pas-sengers and/or cargo on lakes, rivers, or intracoastalwaterways (except on the Great Lakes System).

483211 Inland Water Freight Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing inland water transportation of cargoon lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (except on theGreat Lakes System).

The data published with NAICS code 483211 are com-prised of the following SIC industries:

4449 Inland waterways freight transportation

4492 (pt) Inland waterways towing service

4832111 Inland Waterways Freight Transportation(Except Towing)

Establishments primarily engaged in transportingfreight on all inland waterways (except the Great Lakes-St.Lawrence Seaway). Included are establishments engagedin transporting freight on the intracoastal waterways onthe Atlantic and Gulf coasts.

4832112 Inland Waterways Towing Transportation

Establishments primarily engaged in providing towingservices on inland waterways.

483212 Inland Water Passenger Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing inland water transportation of pas-sengers on lakes, rivers, or intracoastal waterways (excepton the Great Lakes System).


4482 (pt) Inland waterways ferry transportation

4489 (pt) Other water passenger transportation(including water taxi)

4832121 Inland Waterways Ferry Transportation

Establishments primarily engaged in operating ferrieson inland waters for the transportation of passengers orvehicles.

4832122 Other Water Passenger Transportation(Including Water Taxi)

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing inlandwater transportation of passengers (except ferries andyachts on the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway).

484 Truck Transportation

Industries in the Truck Transportation subsector provideover-the-road transportation of cargo using motorvehicles, such as trucks and tractor trailers. The subsectoris subdivided into general freight trucking and specializedfreight trucking. This distinction reflects differences inequipment used, type of load carried, scheduling, termi-nal, and other networking services. General freight trans-portation establishments handle a wide variety of general



commodities, generally palletized, and transported in acontainer or van trailer. Specialized freight transportationis the transportation of cargo that, because of size,weight, shape, or other inherent characteristics requirespecialized equipment for transportation.

Each of these industry groups is further subdividedbased on distance traveled. Local trucking establishmentsprimarily carry goods within a single metropolitan areaand its adjacent nonurban areas. Long distance truckingestablishments carry goods between metropolitan areas.

The Specialized Freight Trucking industry groupincludes a separate industry for Used Household andOffice Goods Moving. The household and office goodsmovers are separated because of the substantial networkof establishments that has been developed to deal withlocal and long-distance moving and the associated stor-age. In this area, the same establishment provides bothlocal and long-distance services, while other specializedfreight establishments generally limit their services toeither local or long-distance hauling.

4841 General Freight Trucking

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing general freight trucking. Generalfreight establishments handle a wide variety of commodi-ties, generally palletized, and transported in a container orvan trailer. The establishments of this industry group pro-vide a combination of the following network activities:local pickup, local sorting and terminal operations, line-haul, destination sorting and terminal operations, andlocal delivery.

48411 General Freight Trucking, Local

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local general freight trucking. Gen-eral freight establishments handle a wide variety of com-modities, generally palletized and transported in a con-tainer or van trailer. Local general freight truckingestablishments usually provide trucking within a metro-politan area which may cross state lines. Generally thetrips are same-day return.

484110 General Freight Trucking, Local

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local general freight trucking. Gen-eral freight establishments handle a wide variety of com-modities, generally palletized and transported in a con-tainer or van trailer. Local general freight truckingestablishments usually provide trucking within a metro-politan area which may cross state lines. Generally thetrips are same-day return.


4212 (pt) Local general freight trucking withoutstorage, truckload

4214 (pt) Local general freight trucking with storage,truckload

4841101 Local General Freight Trucking WithoutStorage, Truckload

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truck-load trucking or transfer of general merchandise withoutstorage, within a city, town, or other local areas, includingadjoining towns and suburban areas. Generally the tripsare same-day return. General merchandise is defined asmaterial or goods of many varieties that are packaged,generally palletized, and carried in a box, container, or vantrailer and do not require refrigeration, controlled humid-ity, or other special handling. Truckload is defined as ship-ments with an actual weight of 10,000 pounds or more.

4841102 Local General Freight Trucking WithoutStorage, Less Than Truckload

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing less-than-truckload trucking or transfer of general merchandisewithout storage, within a city, town, or other local areas,including adjoining towns and suburban areas. Generallythe trips are same-day return. General merchandise isdefined as material or goods of many varieties that arepackaged, generally palletized, and carried in a box, con-tainer, or van trailer and do not require refrigeration, con-trolled humidity, or other special handling. Less-than-truckload is defined as shipments with an actual weight ofless than 10,000 pounds.

4841103 Local General Freight Trucking WithStorage, Truckload

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing generalfreight truckload trucking and storage services within acity, town, or other local areas, including adjoining subur-ban areas. General merchandise is defined as material orgoods of many varieties that are packaged generally pal-letized, and carried in a box, container, or van trailer anddo not require refrigeration, controlled humidity, or otherspecial handling. Truckload is defined as shipments withan actual weight of 10,000 pounds or more.

4841104 Local General Freight Trucking WithStorage, Less Than Truckload

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing generalfreight less-than-truckload trucking and storage serviceswithin a city, town, or other local area, including adjoiningsuburban areas. General merchandise is defined as mate-rial or goods of many varieties which are packaged, gener-ally palletized, and carried in a box, container, or vantrailer and do not require refrigeration, controlled humid-ity, or other special handling. Less-than-truckload isdefined as shipments with an actual weight of less than10,000 pounds.



48412 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing long-distance general freight truck-ing. General freight establishments handle a wide varietyof commodities, generally palletized and transported in acontainer or van trailer. Long-distance general freighttrucking establishments usually provide trucking betweenmetropolitan areas which may cross North American coun-try borders. Included in this industry are establishmentsoperating as truckload (TL) or less than truckload (LTL) car-riers.

484121 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance,Truckload

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing long-distance general freight truck-load (TL) trucking. These long-distance general freighttruckload carrier establishments provide full truck move-ment of freight from origin to destination. The shipmentof freight on a truck is characterized as a full single loadnot combined with other shipments.


4213 (pt) General freight trucking (except local),truckload

484122 General Freight Trucking, Long-Distance,Less Than Truckload

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing long-distance, general freight, lessthan truckload (LTL) trucking. LTL carriage is characterizedas multiple shipments combined into a single truck formultiple deliveries within a network. These establishmentsare generally characterized by the following networkactivities: local pickup, local sorting and terminal opera-tions, line-haul, destination sorting and terminal opera-tions, and local delivery.

NAICS code 484122 is comprised of this part of the fol-lowing SIC industry:

4213 (pt) Trucking, Except Local (general freight, lessthan truckload)

4842 SPECIALIZED FREIGHT TRUCKING

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local or long-distance specializedfreight trucking. The establishments of this industry areprimarily engaged in the transportation of freight which,because of size, weight, shape, or other inherent charac-teristics, requires specialized equipment, such as flatbeds,tankers, or refrigerated trailers. This industry includes thetransportation of used household, institutional, and com-mercial furniture and equipment.

48421 Used Household and Office Goods Moving

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local or long-distance trucking ofused household, used institutional, or used commercialfurniture and equipment. Incidental packing and storageactivities are often provided by these establishments.

484210 Used Household and Office Goods Moving

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local or long-distance trucking ofused household, used institutional, or used commercialfurniture and equipment. Incidental packing and storageactivities are often provided by these establishments.


4212 (pt) Local household goods moving withoutstorage

4213 (pt) Households goods moving (except local)

4214 (pt) Local households goods moving withstorage

4842101 Local Used Household and Office GoodsMoving, Without Storage

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingor transfer of used household, institutional, and commer-cial furniture and equipment without storage, within a city,town, or other local area, including adjoining towns andsuburban areas.

4842102 Long-Distance Used Household and OfficeGoods Moving

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingof used household, institutional, and commercial furnitureand equipment. Such trucking is generally beyond a singlemetropolitan area or adjacent metropolitan areas.

4842103 Local Used Household and Office GoodsMoving, With Storage

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingand storage of furniture and other household goods withina city, town, or other local area, including adjoining townsand suburban areas.

48422 Specialized Freight (Except Used Goods)Trucking, Local

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local, specialized trucking. Localtrucking establishments provide trucking within a metro-politan area that may cross state lines. Generally the tripsare same-day return.



484220 Specialized Freight (Except Used Goods)Trucking, Local

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local, specialized trucking. Localtrucking establishments provide trucking within a metro-politan area that may cross state lines. Generally the tripsare same-day return.


4212 (pt) Local specialized trucking without storage

4214 (pt) Local specialized trucking with storage

4842201 Local Hazardous Materials Trucking(Except Waste)

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingor transfer of hazardous materials (except waste), includ-ing liquid petroleum products, within a city, town, or otherlocal areas, including adjoining towns and suburban areas.Generally the trips are same-day return.

4842202 Local Agricultural Products TruckingWithout Storage

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingor transfer of agricultural products without storage, withina city, town, or other local areas, including adjoiningtowns and suburban areas, without the use of refrigera-tion or controlled humidity equipment. Generally the tripsare same-day return.

4842203 Dump Trucking

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing dumptrucking service of material, such as sand, gravel or dirtwithin a city, town, or other local areas, including adjoin-ing towns and suburban areas.

4842204 Local Specialized Trucking WithoutStorage

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing special-ized trucking service requiring special handling, such asrefrigeration or controlled humidity, without storagewithin a city, town, or other local areas, including adjoin-ing towns and suburban areas.

4842205 Local, Specialized Freight (Except UsedGoods) Trucking

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local, specialized trucking using spe-cialized equipment to control refrigeration and humidity.Local trucking establishments provide trucking within ametropolitan area that may cross state lines. Generally, thetrips are same-day return.

48423 Specialized Freight (Except Used Goods)Trucking, Long-Distance

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing long-distance specialized trucking.These establishments provide trucking between metropoli-tan areas that may cross North American country borders.

484230 Specialized Freight (Except Used Goods)Trucking, Long-Distance

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing long-distance specialized trucking.These establishments provide trucking between metropoli-tan areas that may cross North American country borders.


4213 (pt) Hazardous, agricultural and otherspecialized products trucking (except local)

4842301 Hazardous Materials Trucking (ExceptWaste), Long-Distance

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingand transfer of hazardous materials (except waste) includ-ing liquid petroleum products. Such trucking is generallybeyond a single metropolitan area or adjacent metropoli-tan areas.

4842302 Agricultural Products Trucking,Long-Distance

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing truckingof agricultural products, without the use of refrigeration orcontrolled humidity equipment. Such trucking is generallybeyond a single metropolitan area or adjacent metropoli-tan areas.

4842303 Other Specialized Trucking, Long-Distance

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing special-ized trucking service requiring special handling, such asrefrigeration or controlled humidity. Such trucking is gen-erally beyond a single metropolitan area or adjacent met-ropolitan areas.

485 Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation

Industries in the Transit and Ground Passenger Trans-portation subsector include a variety of passenger trans-portation activities, such as urban transit systems; char-tered bus, school bus, and interurban bus transportation;and taxis. These activities are distinguished based prima-rily on such production process factors as vehicle types,routes, and schedules.

In this subsector, the principal splits identify scheduledtransportation as separate from nonscheduled transporta-tion. The scheduled transportation industry groups are



Urban Transit Systems, Interurban and Rural Bus Transpor-tation, and School and Employee Bus Transportation. Thenonscheduled industry groups are the Charter Bus Indus-try and Taxi and Limousine Service. The Other Transit andGround Passenger Transportation Industry group includesboth scheduled and nonscheduled transportation.

Scenic and sightseeing ground transportation servicesare not included in this subsector but are included in Sub-sector 487, Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation. Sight-seeing does not usually involve place-to-place transporta-tion; the passenger’s trip starts and ends at the samelocation.

4851 Urban Transit Systems

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban passenger tran-sit systems over regular routes and on regular scheduleswithin a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas. Such transportation systems involve the use of oneor more modes of transport including light rail, commuterrail, subways, streetcars, as well as buses and other motorvehicles.

48511 Urban Transit Systems

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban passenger tran-sit systems over regular routes and on regular scheduleswithin a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas. Such transportation systems involve the use of oneor more modes of transport including light rail, commuterrail, subways, streetcars, as well as buses and other motorvehicles.

485111 Mixed Mode Transit Systems

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban ground passen-ger transit systems using more than one mode of trans-port over regular routes and on regular schedules within ametropolitan area and its adjacent nonurban areas.


4111 (pt) Mixed mode transit systems (includingcombination bus, subway, trolley, etc)

485112 Commuter Rail Systems

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban commuter railsystems over regular routes and on a regular schedulewithin a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas. Commuter rail is usually characterized by reducedfares, multiple ride, and commutation tickets and mostlyused by passengers during the morning and evening peakperiods.


4111 (pt) Commuter rail transit systems

485113 Bus and Other Motor Vehicle TransitSystems

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban passenger trans-portation systems using buses or other motor vehiclesover regular routes and on regular schedules within a met-ropolitan area and its adjacent nonurban areas.


4111 (pt) Bus and motor vehicle transit systems

485119 Other Urban Transit Systems

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating local and suburban ground passen-ger transit systems (except mixed mode transit systems,commuter rail systems, and buses and other motorvehicles) over regular routes and on regular scheduleswithin a metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas.


4111 (pt) Other transit systems

4852 Interurban and Rural Bus Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing bus passenger transportation overregular routes and on regular schedules, principally out-side a single metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing bus passenger transportation overregular routes and on regular schedules, principally out-side a single metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing bus passenger transportation overregular routes and on regular schedules, principally out-side a single metropolitan area and its adjacent nonurbanareas.


4131 Interurban and rural bus transportation

4853 Taxi and Limousine Service

This NAICS industry group includes estblishments clas-sified in the following NAICS industries: 48531, Taxi Ser-vice and 48532, Limousine Service.



48531 Taxi Service

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing passenger transportation by auto-mobile or van, not operated over regular routes and onregular schedules. Establishments of taxicabowner/operator, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organi-zations are included in this industry.

485310 Taxi Service

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing passenger transportation by auto-mobile or van, not operated over regular routes and onregular schedules. Establishments of taxicabowner/operator, taxicab fleet operators, or taxicab organi-zations are included in this industry.


4121 Taxi service

48532 Limousine Service

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing an array of specialty and luxury pas-senger transportation services via limousine or luxurysedans generally on a reserved basis. These establish-ments do not operate over regular routes and on regularschedules.

485320 Limousine Service

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing an array of specialty and luxury pas-senger transportation services via limousine or luxurysedans generally on a reserved basis. These establish-ments do not operate over regular routes and on regularschedules.


4119 (pt) Limousine or auto rental with driver(except scheduled airport shuttle service)

4854 School and Employee Bus Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses and other motor vehicles totransport pupils to and from school or employees to andfrom work.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses and other motor vehicles totransport pupils to and from school or employees to andfrom work.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses and other motor vehicles totransport pupils to and from school or employees to andfrom work.


4151 School bus service

4119 (pt) Employee bus service

4854101 School Bus Service

Establishments primarily engaged in operating buses totransport pupils to and from school.

4854102 Employee Bus Service

Establishments primarily engaged in operating buses orother motor vehicles to transport workers to and fromwork sites.

4855 Charter Bus Industry

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses for charter. These establish-ments provide bus services to meet customers’ road trans-portation needs and generally do not operate over fixedroutes and on regular schedules.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses for charter. These establish-ments provide bus services to meet customers’ road trans-portation needs and generally do not operate over fixedroutes and on regular schedules.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing buses for charter. These establish-ments provide bus services to meet customers’ road trans-portation needs and generally do not operate over fixedroutes and on regular schedules.

The data published with NAICS code 485510 are com-prised of the following SIC industries:

4141 Charter bus service, local

4142 Charter bus service, interstate/interurban

4855101 Charter Bus Service, Local

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing charterbus passenger transportation service where such opera-tions are principally within a single municipality, adjoiningmunicipalities, or a municipality and its suburban areas.



4855102 Charter Bus Service,Interstate/Interurban

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing charterbus passenger transportation service where such opera-tions are principally outside a single municipality, outsideone group of adjoining municipalities, or outside a singlemunicipality and its suburban areas, and do not operateon regular routes or schedules.

4859 Other Transit and Ground PassengerTransportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing other transit and ground passengertransportation (except urban transit systems, interurbanand rural bus transportation, taxi services, school andemployee bus transportation, charter bus services, andlimousine services (except shuttle services)). Shuttle ser-vices (except employee bus) and special needs transporta-tion services are included in this industry. Shuttle servicesestablishments generally travel within a metropolitan areaand its adjacent nonurban areas on regular routes, onregular schedules and provide services between hotels,airports, or other destination points. Special needs trans-portation establishments provide passenger transportationto the infirm, elderly, or handicapped. These establish-ments may use specially equipped vehicles to provide pas-senger transportation.

48599 Other Transit and Ground PassengerTransportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing other transit and ground passengertransportation (except urban transit systems, interurbanand rural bus transportation, taxi services, school andemployee bus transportation, charter bus services, andlimousine services (except shuttle services)). Shuttle ser-vices (except employee bus) and special needs transporta-tion services are included in this industry. Shuttle servicesestablishments generally travel within a metropolitan areaand its adjacent nonurban areas on regular routes, onregular schedules and provide services between hotels,airports, or other destination points. Special needs trans-portation establishments provide passenger transportationto the infirm, elderly, or handicapped. These establish-ments may use specially equipped vehicles to provide pas-senger transportation.

485991 Special Needs Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing special needs transportation (exceptto and from school or work) to the infirm, elderly, orhandicapped. These establishments may use speciallyequipped vehicles to provide passenger transportation.

The data published wiht NAICS code 485991 are com-prised of this part of the following SIC industry:

4119 (pt) Special needs transportation (includingparatransit, senior citizen, nonemergencymedical, handicapped, etc.)

485999 All Other Transit and Ground PassengerTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing ground passenger transportation(except urban transit systems; interurban and rural bustransportation, taxi and/or limousine services (exceptshuttle services), school and employee bus transportation,charter bus services, and special needs transportation).Establishments primarily engaged in operating shuttle ser-vices and vanpools are included in this industry. Shuttleservices establishments generally provide travel on regu-lar routes and on regular schedules between hotels, air-ports, or other destination points.


4111 (pt) Scheduled airport shuttle service

4119 (pt) Other passenger transportation

4859991 Scheduled Airport Shuttle Service

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing passen-ger transportation by automobile or bus, to, from, orbetween airports or other points of destination, over regu-lar routes.

4859992 All Other Passenger Transportation

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing miscel-laneous passenger transportation, where such operationsare principally within a single municipality, adjoiningmunicipalities, or a municipality and its suburban areas.

486 Pipeline Transportation

Industries in the Pipeline Transportation subsector usetransmission pipelines to transport products, such ascrude oil, natural gas, refined petroleum products, andslurry. Industries are identified based on the productstransported (i.e., pipeline transportation of crude oil, natu-ral gas, refined petroleum products, and other products).

The Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas industryincludes the storage of natural gas because the storage isusually done by the pipeline establishment and because apipeline is inherently a network in which all the nodes areinterdependent.

4861 Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of crude oil.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of crude oil.




This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of crude oil.

The data published with NAICS code 486110 are com-prised of the following SIC industry:

4612 Pipeline transportation of crude oil

4862 Pipeline Transportation of Natural Gas

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of natural gas fromprocessing plants to local distribution systems.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of natural gas fromprocessing plants to local distribution systems.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of natural gas fromprocessing plants to local distribution systems.


4922 Pipeline transportation of natural gas

4923 (pt) Natural gas transmission and distribution(transmission)

4862101 Natural Gas Transmission

Establishments engaged in the pipeline transmission ofnatural gas. Storage incidental and related to the pipelinetransmission of natural gas is also included.

4862102 Natural Gas Transmission andDistribution (Transmission)

Establishments primarily engaged in the transportationof natural gas by pipeline and secondarily providing localdistribution systems. Storage incidental and related to thetransportation of the natural gas is included.

4869 Other Pipeline Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of products (exceptcrude oil and natural gas).

48691 Pipeline Transportation of RefinedPetroleum Products

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of refined petro-leum products.

486910 Pipeline Transportation of RefinedPetroleum Products

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of refined petro-leum products.


4613 Pipeline transportation of refined petroleumproducts

48699 All Other Pipeline Transportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of products exceptcrude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum products.

486990 All Other Pipeline Transportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in the pipeline transportation of products exceptcrude oil, natural gas, and refined petroleum products.


4619 All other pipeline transportation

487 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation

Industries in the Scenic and Sightseeing Transportationsubsector utilize transportation equipment to provide rec-reation and entertainment. These activities have a produc-tion process distinct from passenger transportation car-ried out for the purpose of other types of for-hiretransportation. This process does not emphasize efficienttransportation; in fact, such activities often use obsoletevehicles, such as steam trains, to provide some extraambience. The activity is local in nature, usually involvinga same-day return to the point of departure.

The Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation subsector isseparated into three industries based on the mode: land,water, and other.

Activities that are recreational in nature and involve par-ticipation by the customer, such as white-water rafting, aregenerally excluded from this subsector, unless theyimpose an impact on part of the transportation system.Charter boat fishing, for example, is included in the Scenicand Sightseeing Transportation, Water industry.

4871 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on land, such as sightseeing buses and trolleys,steam train excursions, and horse-drawn sightseeingrides. The services provided are usually local and involvesame-day return to place of origin.



48711 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Land

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on land, such as sightseeing buses and trolleys,steam train excursions, and horse-drawn sightseeingrides. The services provided are usually local and involvesame-day return to place of origin.

487110 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Land

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on land, such as sightseeing buses and trolleys,steam train excursions, and horse-drawn sightseeingrides. The services provided are usually local and involvesame-day return to place of origin.


4119 (pt) Sightseeing buses

4789 (pt) Horse drawn cabs and carriages

7999 (pt) Scenic railroads

4871101 Sightseeing Buses

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing sightse-eing buses where such operations are principally within asingle municipality, contiguous municipalities, or a munici-pality and its suburban areas.

4871102 Horse Drawn Cabs and Carriages

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing horse-drawn cab and carriage passenger transportation.

4871103 Scenic Railroad

Establishments primarily engaged in providing scenicand sightseeing railroad transportation rides. These estab-lishments often use vintage or specialized transportationequipment. The services provided are local and usuallyinvolving same-day return to place or origin.

4872 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on water. The services provided are usually local andinvolve same-day return to place of origin.

48721 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Water

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on water. The services provided are usually local andinvolve same-day return to place of origin.

487210 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Water

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion on water. The services provided are usually local andinvolve same-day return to place of origin.


4489 (pt) Excursion and sightseeing boats (includingdinner cruises)

7999 (pt) Charter fishing or party fishing boats

4872101 Excursion and Sightseeing Boats(Including Dinner Cruises)

Establishments primarily engaged in providing scenic,sightseeing and excursion water transportation. Generally,the trips are same-day return to place of origin.

4872102 Charter Fishing and Party Fishing Boats

Establishments primarily engaged in providing charteror party fishing boat services.

4879 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion (except on land and water). The services provided areusually local and involve same-day return to place ofdeparture.

48799 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Other

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion (except on land and water). The services provided areusually local and involve same-day return to place ofdeparture.

487990 Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation,Other

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing scenic and sightseeing transporta-tion (except on land and water). The services provided areusually local and involve same-day return to place ofdeparture.


4522 (pt) Sightseeing airplanes and helicopters

7999 (pt) Aerial tramways (scenic or sightseeing) andcable lifts



4879901 Sightseeing Airplanes or Helicopters

Establishments primarily engaged in providing air sight-seeing services, usually involving same-day return to placeof origin.

4879902 Aerial Tramway (Scenic or Sightseeing)and Cable Lifts

Establishments primarily engaged in operating cablelifts (other than ski facilities) or operating scenic oramusement aerial tramways.

488 Support Activities for Transportation

Industries in the Support Activities for Transportationsubsector provide services which support transportation.These services may be provided to transportation carrierestablishments or to the general public. This subsectorincludes a wide array of establishments, including air traf-fic control services, marine cargo handling, and motorvehicle towing.

The Support Activities for Transportation subsectorincludes services to transportation but is separated fromthe various transportation subsectors and is further splitby type of mode serviced. The Support Activities for RailTransportation industry includes services to the rail indus-try (e.g., railroad switching and terminal establishments).

Ship repair and maintenance not done in a shipyard areincluded in Other Support Activities for Water Transporta-tion. An example would be a floating drydock services in aharbor.

Excluded from this subsector are establishments prima-rily engaged in providing factory conversion and overhaulof transportation equipment, which are classified in Sub-sector 336, Transportation Equipment Manufacturing.Also, establishments primarily engaged in providing rentaland leasing of transportation equipment without operatorare classified in Subsector 532, Rental and Leasing Ser-vices.

4881 SUPPORT ACTIVITIES FOR AIR TRANSPORTA-TION

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing services to the air transportationindustry. These services include airport operation, servic-ing, repairing (except factory conversion and overhaul ofaircraft), maintaining and storing aircraft, and ferrying air-craft.

48811 Airport Operations

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in (1) operating international, national, or civilairports or public flying field or (2) supporting airportoperations (except special food services contractors), suchas rental of hangar space, air traffic control services, bag-gage handling services, and cargo handling services.

488111 Air Traffic Control

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air traffic control services to regulatethe flow of air traffic.

NAICS code 488111 are comprised of these parts of thefollowing SIC industries:

4581 (pt) Airport traffic control

9621 (pt) Registration and administration oftransportation programs (government airtraffic control)

4881111 Nongovernment Air Traffic Control

Establishments primarily engaged in operating air traf-fic control facilities.

4881112 Government Air Traffic Control

Government establishments primarily engaged in oper-ating air traffic control facilities.

488119 Other Airport Operations

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in (1) operating international, national, or civilairports, or public flying field or (2) supporting airportoperations, such as rental of hangar space, and providingbaggage handling and/or cargo handling services.


4581 (pt) Airport operation and terminal services(including fixed base operators, airfreighthandling, and hangar operations)

4959 (pt) Vacuuming of airport runways

4881191 Airport Operation and Terminal Services

Establishments primarily engaged in operating airportsand flying fields, storing aircraft, and in furnishing coordi-nated handling services for airfreight or passengers at air-ports.

4881192 Vacuuming of Runways

Establishments primarily engaged in the vacuuming ofairport runways.

48819 Other Support Activities for AirTransportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing specialized services for air transpor-tation (except air traffic control and other airport opera-tions).



488190 Other Support Activities for AirTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing specialized services for air transpor-tation (except air traffic control and other airport opera-tions).

The data published wiht NAICS code 488190 are com-prised of this part of the following SIC industry:

4581 (pt) Other airport and aircraft transportationservices

4882 Support Activities for Rail Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing specialized services for railroadtransportation including servicing, routine repairing(except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of roll-ing stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unload-ing rail cars; and operating independent terminals.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing specialized services for railroadtransportation including servicing, routine repairing(except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of roll-ing stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unload-ing rail cars; and operating independent terminals.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing specialized services for railroadtransportation including servicing, routine repairing(except factory conversion, overhaul or rebuilding of roll-ing stock), and maintaining rail cars; loading and unload-ing rail cars; and operating independent terminals.

NAICS code 488210 are comprised of these parts of thefollowing SIC industries:

4013 (pt) Railroad switching and terminalestablishments

4789 (pt) Support activities incidental to railtransportation

4882101 Support Activities Incidental to RailTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing servicesincidental to rail transportation (except railroad switchingand terminal activities).

4882102 Railroad Switching and TerminalEstablishments

Establishments primarily engaged in the furnishing ofterminal facilities for rail passenger or freight traffic forrailway operators. Terminal companies operate the sta-tions and terminals. This activity is out of scope for the1997 Economic Census.

4883 Support Activities for Water Transportation

This NAICS industry group includes establishmentsclassified in the following NAICS industries: 48831, Portand Harbor Operations; 48832, Marine Cargo Handling;48833, Navigational Services to Shipping; and 48839,Other Support Activities for Water Transportation.

48831 Port and Harbor Operations

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating ports, harbors (including dockingand pier facilities), or canals.

488310 Port and Harbor Operations

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating ports, harbors (including dockingand pier facilities), or canals.


4491 (pt) Operation of a port or waterfront terminal

4499 (pt) Seaway and lighthouse operations

4883101 Operation of Port and WaterfrontTerminals

Establishments primarily engaged in the operation andmaintenance of piers, docks, and associated buildings andfacilities.

4883102 Seaway and Lighthouse Operations

Establishments primarily engaged in lighthouse opera-tions or in operating ports or harbors (except piers, docks,and associated buildings and facilities).

48832 Marine Cargo Handling

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing stevedoring and other marine cargohandling services (except warehousing).

488320 Marine Cargo Handling

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing stevedoring and other marine cargohandling services (except warehousing).


4491 (pt) Marine cargo handling (includingstevedoring)

48833 Navigational Services to Shipping andSalvage

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing navigational services to shipping.Marine salvage establishments are included in this indus-try.



488330 Navigational Services to Shipping

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing navigational services to shipping.Marine salvage establishments are included in this indus-try.


4492 (pt) Tugboat service (including fleeting andharbor service)

4499 (pt) Navigational services

4883301 Tugboat Service (Including Fleeting andHarbor Service)

Establishments primarily engaged in providing tugboatnavigational services in the performance of terminal ser-vices, such as docking or undocking of vessels.

4883302 Navigational Services

Establishments primarily engaged in providing naviga-tional services to ships (except tugboat services).

4883303 Marine Salvaging and Wrecking(Including Dismantling of Ships)

Establishments primarily engaged in providing marinesalvaging and wrecking, including dismantling of ships.

48839 Other Support Activities for WaterTransportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing services to water transportation(except port and harbor operations; marine cargo handlingservices; and marine salvage and marine salvage and navi-gational services to shipping).

488390 Other Support Activities for WaterTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing services to water transportation(except port and harbor operations; marine cargo handlingservices; and navigational services to shipping).


4499 (pt) Other services incidental to watertransportation

4785 (pt) Marine cargo inspectors and surveyors

7699 (pt) Ship scaling

4883901 Other Services Incidental to WaterTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing miscel-laneous services incidental to water transportation (exceptnavigational services, marine salvaging and wrecking, sea-way and lighthouse operations, marine cargo inspectorsand surveyors, and ship scaling).

4883902 Marine Cargo Inspectors and Surveyors

Establishments primarily engaged in providing marinecargo inspection and surveying services.

4883903 Ship Scaling

Establishments primarily engaged in scaling ships.

4884 Support Activities for Road Transportation

This NAICS industry group includes establishmentsclassified in the following NAICS industries: 48841, MotorVehicle Towing and 48849, Other Support Activities forRoad Transportation.

48841 Motor Vehicle Towing

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, bothlocal and long distance. These establishments may pro-vide incidental services, such as storage and emergencyroad repair services.

488410 Motor Vehicle Towing

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in towing light or heavy motor vehicles, bothlocal and long-distance. These establishments may pro-vide incidental services, such as storage and emergencyroad repair services.


7549 (pt) Towing, wrecker service

48849 Other Support Activities for RoadTransportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing services (except motor vehicle tow-ing) to road network users.

488490 Other Support Activities for RoadTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing services (except motor vehicle tow-ing) to road network users.


4173 Terminal or maintenance facilities formotor vehicle passenger transportation(except exclusive use of company vehicles)

4231 Motor freight terminal or joint terminalmaintenance facility

4785 (pt) Fixed facilities and inspection andweighing services for motor vehicletransportation

4789 (pt) Other support activities incidental totransportation, nec



4884901 Terminal and Maintenance Facilities forMotor Vehicle Passenger Transportation

Establishments primarily engaged in the operation ofmotor vehicle passenger terminals and/or maintenanceand service facilities, not operated by companies that alsofurnish motor vehicle passenger transportation.

4884902 Motor Freight Terminal and JointTerminal Maintenance Facility

Establishments primarily engaged in the operation ofterminal facilities used by highway-type motor freightvehicles. Included are terminals that provide maintenanceand service for motor freight vehicles.

4884903 Fixed Facilities and Inspection andWeighing Services for Motor TransportationVehicles

Establishments primarily engaged in the operation offixed facilities for motor vehicle transportation, such astoll roads, highway bridges, and other fixed facilities(except terminals).

4884904 Support Activities Incidental to RoadTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing servicesincidental to road transportation.

4885 Freight Transportation Arrangement

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in arranging transportation of freight betweenshippers and carriers. These establishments are usuallyknown as freight forwarders, marine shipping agents, orcustoms brokers and offer a combination of services span-ning transportation modes.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in arranging transportation of freight betweenshippers and carriers. These establishments are usuallyknown as freight forwarders, marine shipping agents, orcustoms brokers and offer a combination of services span-ning transportation modes.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in arranging transportation of freight betweenshippers and carriers. These establishments are usuallyknown as freight forwarders, marine shipping agents, orcustoms brokers and offer a combination of services span-ning transportation modes.


4731 (pt) Freight forwarding and arrangement oftransportation of freight and cargo

4885101 Freight Forwarding

Establishments primarily engaged in undertaking thetransportation of goods from shippers to receivers for acharge covering the entire transportation, and in turnmaking use of the services of various freight carriers inaffecting delivery, paying transportation charges, andassuming responsibility for delivery of the goods. There isno relationship between shippers and the various freightcarriers delivering the goods.

4885102 Arrangement of Transportation ofFreight and Cargo

Establishments primarily engaged in arranging trans-portation of freight and cargo.

4889 Other Support Activities for Transportation

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing support activities to transportation(except for air transportation; rail transportation; watertransportation; road transportation; and freight transporta-tion arrangement).

48899 Other Support Activities for Transportation

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing support activities to transportation(except for air transportation; rail transportation; watertransportation; road transportation; and freight transporta-tion arrangement).

488991 Packing and Crating

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in packing, crating, and otherwise preparinggoods for transportation.


4783 Packing and crating

488999 All Other Support Activities forTransportation

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing support activities to transportation(except for air transportation; rail transportation; watertransportation; road transportation; freight transportationarrangement; and packing and crating).


4729 (pt) Arrangement of carpools and vanpools

4789 (pt) Other support activities incidental totransportation



4889991 Other Support Activities forTransportation

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing servicesincidental to transportation (except packing and cratingand arrangement of carpools and vanpools).

4889992 Arrangement of Carpools and Vanpools

Establishments primarily engaged in the arrangementof carpools and vanpools.

491 Postal Service

The Postal Service subsector includes the activities ofthe National Post Office and its subcontractors in deliver-ing letters and small parcels. These articles can bedescribed as those that can be handled by one personwithout using special equipment. This allows the collec-tion, pick-up, and delivery operations to be done with lim-ited labor costs and minimal equipment. Sorting andtransportation activities, where necessary, are generallymechanized. The restriction to small parcels distinguishesthese establishments from those in the transportationindustries.

The traditional activity of the National Postal Service isdescribed in this subsector. Subcontractors include ruralPost Offices on contract to the Postal Service.

Bulk transportation of mail on contract to the Postal Ser-vice is not included here, because it is usually done bytransportation establishments that carry other customers’cargo as well.

4911 Postal Service

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating the National Postal Service. Estab-lishments primarily engaged in performing one or morepostal service, such as sorting, routing, and/or delivery,on a contract basis (except the bulk transportation of mail)are included in this industry.

49111 Postal Service

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating the National Postal Service. Estab-lishments primarily engaged in performing one or morepostal service, such as sorting, routing, and/or delivery,on a contract basis (except the bulk transportation of mail)are included in this industry.

491110 Postal Service

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating the National Postal Service. Estab-lishments primarily engaged in performing one or morepostal service, such as sorting, routing, and/or delivery,on a contract basis (except the bulk transportation of mail)are included in this industry.

NAICS code 491110 are comprised of the following SICindustry:

4311 United States Post Office

492 Couriers and Messengers

Industries in the Couriers and Messengers subsectorprovide intercity and/or local delivery of parcels. Thesearticles can be described as those that may be handled byone person without using special equipment. This allowsthe collection, pick-up, and delivery operations to be donewith limited labor costs and minimal equipment. Sortingand transportation activities, where necessary, are gener-ally mechanized. The restriction to small parcels partlydistinguishes these establishments from those in thetransportation industries. The complete network of courierservices establishments also distinguishes these transpor-tation services from local messenger and delivery estab-lishments in this subsector. This includes the establish-ments that perform intercity transportation as well asestablishments that, under contract to them, perform localpick-up and delivery. Messengers, which usually deliverwithin a metropolitan or single urban area, may usebicycle, foot, small truck, or van.

4921 Couriers

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air, surface, or combined courierdelivery services of parcels generally between metropoli-tan areas or urban centers. The establishments of thisindustry form a network including courier local pick-upand delivery to serve their customers’ needs.

49211 Couriers

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air, surface, or combined courierdelivery services of parcels generally between metropoli-tan areas or urban centers. The establishments of thisindustry form a network including courier local pick-upand delivery to serve their customers’ needs.

492110 Couriers

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing air, surface, or combined courierdelivery services of parcels generally between metropoli-tan areas or urban centers. The establishments of thisindustry form a network including courier local pickup anddelivery to serve their customers’ needs.


4215 (pt) Courier services (except local or by air)

4513 Air courier services (including delivery ofparcels weighing 100 lbs or less)



4921101 Courier Services (Except by Air)

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing deliveryof individually addressed letters, parcels and packages(generally under 100 pounds) by truck or other landvehicle (except locally or except by air or by the U.S.Postal Service). Included are establishments that performintercity transportation as well as establishments that,under contract to them, do the local pick-up and delivery.

4921102 Air Courier Services

Establishments primarily engaged in furnishing airdelivery of individually addressed letters, parcels, andpackages (generally under 100 lbs.), except by the U.S.Postal Service. While these establishments deliver theirconsignment by air, the initial pick-up and the final deliv-ery are often made by other modes of transportation, suchas truck, bicycle, or motorcycle. Separate establishmentsof air courier companies engaged in providing pick-up anddelivery only, ‘‘drop-off points’’, or distribution centers areall classified here.

4922 Local Messengers and Local Delivery

This industry group comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local messenger and delivery ser-vices of small items within a single metropolitan or withinan urban center. These establishments generally providepoint-to-point pickup and delivery and do not operate aspart of an intercity courier network.


This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local messenger and delivery ser-vices of small items within a single metropolitan or withinan urban center. These establishments generally providepoint-to-point pickup and delivery and do not operate aspart of an intercity courier network.


This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in providing local messenger and delivery ser-vices of small items within a single metropolitan or withinan urban center. These establishments generally providepoint-to-point pickup and delivery and do not operate aspart of an intercity courier network.


4215 (pt) Local messenger services

493 Warehousing and Storage

Industries in the Warehousing and Storage subsectorare primarily engaged in operating warehousing and stor-age facilities for general merchandise, refrigerated goods,and other warehouse products. These establishments pro-vide facilities to store goods. They do not sell the goods

they handle. These establishments take responsibility forstoring the goods and keeping them secure. They mayalso provide a range of services, often referred to as logis-tics services, related to the distribution of goods. Logisticsservices can include labeling, breaking bulk, inventorycontrol and management, light assembly, order entry andfulfillment, packaging, pick and pack, price marking andticketing, and transportation arrangement. However,establishments in this industry group always providewarehousing or storage services in addition to any logisticservices. Furthermore, the warehousing or storage ofgoods must be more than incidental to the performance ofservices, such as price marking.

Bonded warehousing and storage services and ware-houses located in free trade zones are included in theindustries of this subsector.

4931 Warehousing and Storage

This NAICS industry group includes establishmentsclassified in the following NAICS industries: 49311, Gen-eral Warehousing and Storage; 49312, Refrigerated Ware-housing and Storage; 49313, Farm Product Warehousingand Storage; and 49319, Other Warehousing and Storage.

49311 General Warehousing and Storage

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating merchandise warehousing and stor-age facilities. These establishments generally handlegoods in containers, such as boxes, barrels, and/ordrums, using equipment, such as forklifts, pallets, andracks. They are not specialized in handling bulk productsof any particular type, size, or quantity of goods or prod-ucts.

493110 General Warehousing and Storage

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating merchandise warehousing and stor-age facilities. These establishments generally handlegoods in containers, such as boxes, barrels, and/ordrums, using equipment, such as forklifts, pallets, andracks. They are not specialized in handling bulk productsof any particular type, size, or quantity of goods or prod-ucts.


4225 (pt) General warehousing and storage

4226 (pt) General warehousing in foreign tradezones

4931101 General Warehousing and Storage (Exceptin Foreign Trade Zones)

Establishments primarily engaged in the warehousingand storage of a general line of goods for the public. Gen-eral merchandise is defined as materials or goods of manyvarieties that are packaged or are readily handled and donot require refrigeration, controlled humidity, or other spe-cial handling.



4931102 General Warehousing and Storage inForeign Trade Zones

Establishments primarily engaged in the warehousingand storage of goods in foreign trade zones.

49312 Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating refrigerated warehousing and stor-age facilities. Establishments primarily engaged in thestorage of furs for the trade are included in this industry.The services provided by these establishments includeblast freezing, tempering, and modified atmosphere stor-age services.

493120 Refrigerated Warehousing and Storage

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating refrigerated warehousing and stor-age facilities. Establishments primarily engaged in thestorage of furs for the trade are included in this industry.The services provided by these establishments includeblast freezing, tempering, and modified atmosphere stor-age services.


4222 Refrigerated products warehousing

4226 (pt) Fur storage

4931201 Refrigerated Products Warehousing

Establishments primarily engaged in operating refriger-ated warehousing and storage facilities. Establishmentsmay also provide incidental services for processing, pre-paring, or packaging such perishable goods for storage.Also included are establishments primarily engaged in thepublic rental of artificially cooled locker space for the stor-age of food for individual households.

4931202 Fur Storage

Establishments primarily engaged in the warehousingand storage of fur.

49313 Farm Product Warehousing and Storage

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating bulk farm product warehousing andstorage facilities (except refrigerated). Grain elevators pri-marily engaged in storage are included in this industry.

493130 Farm Product Warehousing and Storage

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating bulk farm product warehousing andstorage facilities (except refrigerated). Grain elevators pri-marily engaged in storage are included in this industry.

The data published with NAICS code 493130 includesare comprised of the following SIC industry:

4221 Farm product warehousing and storage

49319 Other Warehousing and Storage

This industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating warehousing and storage facilities(except general merchandise, refrigerated, and farm prod-uct warehousing and storage).

493190 Other Warehousing and Storage

This U.S. industry comprises establishments primarilyengaged in operating warehousing and storage facilities(except general merchandise, refrigerated, and farm prod-uct warehousing and storage).


4226 (pt) Household and specialized goods andwarehousing and storage

4931901 Household Goods Warehousing andStorage

Establishments primarily engaged in the storage of fur-niture and other household goods.

4931902 Specialized Goods Warehousing andStorage

Establishments primarily engaged in the warehousingand storage of special products (except farm products,refrigerated products, general merchandise, householdgoods, and fur storage).



Appendix C.Coverage and Methodology

MAIL/NONMAIL UNIVERSE

For this sector, large- and medium-size firms, plus allfirms known to operate more than one establishment,were sent questionnaires to be completed and returned tothe Census Bureau by mail. For most very small firms datafrom existing administrative records of other Federalagencies were used instead. These records provided basicinformation on location, kind of business, revenue, pay-roll, number of employees, and legal form of organization.

Firms in the 1997 Economic Census were divided intothe mail universe and nonmail universe. The coverage ofand the method of obtaining census information fromeach are described below:

1. The mail universe consisted of firms for which infor-mation was obtained by means of a mail canvass andincluded:

a. Large employers, i.e., all multiestablishment and allsingle-establishment employer firms with payrollabove a specified cutoff. The term ‘‘employers’’refers to firms with one or more paid employees atany time during 1997 as shown in the activeadministrative records of other Federal agencies.

b. A sample of small employers, i.e., single-establishment firms with payroll below a specifiedcutoff, in classifications for which specialized dataprecluded reliance solely on administrative recordssources.

2. The nonmail universe consisted of firms that were notrequired to file a regular census return and included:

a. Selected small employers, i.e., single-establishmentfirms with payroll below a specified cutoff.Although the payroll cutoff varied by kind of busi-ness, small employers in the nonmail universe gen-erally included firms with less than 10 employeesand represented about 10 percent of total revenueof establishments covered in the census. Data onrevenue, payroll, and employment for smallemployers in the nonmail universe were derived orestimated from administrative records of other Fed-eral agencies.

b. All taxable nonemployers, i.e., all firms subject toFederal income tax with no paid employees during1997. Revenue information for these firms wasobtained from administrative records of other Fed-eral agencies. Although consisting of many firms,

nonemployers accounted for less than 10 percentof total revenue of all establishments covered inthe census. The census included only those nonem-ployer firms which reported a revenue volume of$1,000 or more during 1997. Data for nonemploy-ers are not included in this report, but are releasedas part of the Core Business Statistics Series.

INDUSTRY CLASSIFICATION OF ESTABLISHMENTS

The classifications for all establishments in this sectorwere assigned in accordance with the 1997 North Ameri-can Industry Classification System (NAICS) Manual, UnitedStates. NAICS is a common classification system devel-oped by the United States, Canada, and Mexico. This sys-tem replaces the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification(SIC) that was used in previous censuses. Appendix A ofthe 1997 NAICS manual provides information on the com-parability between the 1987 SIC and the 1997 NAICS.More information on NAICS is available in the NAICSmanual and at www.census.gov/naics.

The method of assigning classifications, and the levelof detail at which establishments were classified, differedbetween the mail and nonmail universe as follows:

1. The mail universe.

a. Establishments in the mail universe that returnedquestionnaires were classified on the basis of theirself-designation, sources of revenue, and otherindustry-specific inquiries.

b. Establishments in the mail universe that did notreturn questionnaires were classified on the basisof the most current census kind-of-business classi-fication available from one of the Census Bureau’scurrent sample surveys, the 1992 census, or theadministrative records of other Federal agencies.

2. The nonmail universe.

a. Employer establishments in the nonmail universewere classified on the basis of the most currentcensus kind-of-business classification availablefrom one of the Census Bureau’s current samplesurveys, the 1992 census, or the administrativerecords of other Federal agencies. If the census oradministrative record classifications proved inad-equate (none corresponded to a 1997 census clas-sification in the detail required for employers), thefirm was sent a brief inquiry requesting informationnecessary to assign a 1997 census kind-of-businesscode.

APPENDIX C C–1TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING


b. Nonemployers were classified on the basis of infor-mation obtained from administrative records ofother Federal agencies.

RELIABILITY OF DATA

All data compiled for this sector are subject to nonsam-pling errors. Nonsampling errors can be attributed tomany sources: inability to identify all cases in the actualuniverse; definition and classification difficulties; differ-ences in the interpretation of questions; errors in record-ing or coding the data obtained; and other errors of collec-tion, response, coverage, processing, and estimation formissing or misreported data.

Data presented in the Miscellaneous Subjects and theSources of Revenue reports for this sector are subject tosampling errors as well as nonsampling errors. Specifi-cally, these data are estimated based on informationobtained from census questionnaires mailed to all largeemployers and to a sample of small employers in the uni-verse. Sampling errors affect these estimates insofar asthey may differ from results that would be obtained froma complete enumeration.

The accuracy of these tabulated data is determined bythe joint effects of the various nonsampling errors or bythe joint effects of sampling and nonsampling errors. Nodirect measurement of these effects has been obtainedexcept for estimation for missing or misreported data;however, precautionary steps were taken in all phases ofthe collection, processing, and tabulation of the data in aneffort to minimize the effects of nonsampling errors.

The Census Bureau obtains limited informationextracted from administrative records of other Federalagencies. This information is used in conjunction withother information available to the Census Bureau todevelop estimates for nonemployers, small employers,and other establishments for which responses were notreceived in time for publication.

TREATMENT OF NONRESPONSE

Census report forms included two different types ofinquiries, ‘‘basic’’ and ‘‘industry-specific.’’ Data for thebasic inquiries, which include location, kind of business oroperation, revenue, payroll, number of employees, andlegal form of organization, were available from a combina-tion of sources for all establishments. Data for industry-specific inquiries, tailored to the particular kinds of busi-ness or operation covered by the report, were availableonly from the establishments in the mail universe thatcompleted the appropriate inquiries on the questionnaire.

Two methods were used to account for nonresponse toindustry-specific inquiries. For some inquiries, missingdata were imputed for individual records based onresponses from similar establishments. For other inquiries,the total of reported data were expanded to represent themail and nonmail universe. Data for industry-specificinquiries based on a December 31 reference date wereexpanded in direct relationship to total annualized rev-enue of only those establishments in business at the endof the year. Unless otherwise noted in specific reports,data for other industry-specific inquiries were expanded indirect relationship to total revenue of all establishmentsincluded in the category. In a few cases, expansion on thebasis of the revenue item was not appropriate, andanother basic data item was used as the basis for expan-sion.

All reports in which data were expanded to account fornonmail employers and nonrespondents include a cover-age indicator for each publication category, which showsthe revenue of establishments responding to the inquiryas a percent of total revenue for all establishments forwhich data are shown. Coverage is usually determined bythe ratio of total revenue of establishments responding tothe inquiry to total revenue of all establishments in thecategory.

C–2 APPENDIX C TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING


Appendix D.Geographic Notes

Not applicable for this report.

APPENDIX D D–11997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


Appendix E.Metropolitan Areas

TENNESSEE

Chattanooga, TN—GA MSA

Catoosa County, GA

Dade County, GA

Walker County, GA

Hamilton County, TN

Marion County, TN

Clarksville—Hopkinsville, TN—KY MSA

Christian County, KY

Montgomery County, TN

Jackson, TN MSA

Chester County, TN

Madison County, TN

Johnson City—Kingsport—Bristol, TN—VA MSA

Carter County, TN

Hawkins County, TN

Sullivan County, TN

Unicoi County, TN

Washington County, TN

Scott County, VA

Washington County, VA

Bristol, VA (IC)

Knoxville, TN MSA

Anderson County, TN

Blount County, TN

Knox County, TN

Loudon County, TN

Sevier County, TN

Union County, TN

Memphis, TN—AR—MS MSA

Crittenden County, AR

DeSoto County, MS

Fayette County, TN

Shelby County, TN

Tipton County, TN

Nashville, TN MSA

Cheatham County, TN

Davidson County, TN

Dickson County, TN

Robertson County, TN

Rutherford County, TN

Sumner County, TN

Williamson County, TN

Wilson County, TN

APPENDIX E E–11997 ECONOMIC CENSUS


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