Transportation, 1997 Commodity Flow Survey, Idaho24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture 25...

Idaho

1997 Economic Census

Transportation

1997 Commodity Flow Survey

1997Issued December 1999

EC97TCF-ID

U.S. Department of TransportationBUREAU OF TRANSPORTATION STATISTICS

U.S. Department of CommerceEconomics and Statistics Administration

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

This report was prepared in the ServiceSector Statistics Division under the direc-tion of Thomas E. Zabelsky, AssistantChief for Current Service and Transporta-tion Programs. Planning, implementation,and compiling of this report were underthe supervision of John L. Fowler, Chief,Commodity Flow Survey Branch, assistedby Wanda Dougherty, Debra Corbett,Bruce Dembroski, Shirley Gray,Michael Jones, Stephanie Kelley,Mabel Ocasio, Bonnie Opalko, JoycePrice, Barbara Selinske, Eli Serrano,and Michael Sprung. Sample design andstatistical methodology were developedunder the general direction of HowardHogan and Carl A. Konschnik, formerAssistant Chiefs, and Ruth E. Detlefsen,current Assistant Chief, Research andMethodology. Sample design and estima-tion were under the supervision of PatrickCantwell, former Chief, and Jock Black,current Chief, Program Research andDevelopment Branch, assisted byWilliam C. Davie Jr., David L. Kinyon,Jacklyn R. Jonas, and M. Cristina Cruz.Frame construction, sample control, impu-tation, and quality control procedureswere developed under the supervision ofCarol King, Chief, Statistical MethodsBranch, assisted by James Hunt.

The processing system and computer pro-grams were developed and implementedby the OAO programming group, led byJacques Wilmore and assistedby Harold N. Bobbitt and Robert J.Jeffrey. Steve G. McCraith, Chief, Quin-quennial Surveys Branch, Economic Statis-tical Methods and Programming Divisionand Joseph F. Keehan provided generalsupport.

Coordination of data collection efforts wasunder the direction of Judith N. Petty,Chief, National Processing Center, assistedby Matthew Aulbach, Linda Broadus,Grant Goodwin, Carlene Bottorff,Teresa Branstetter, and Jack Miller.

The staff of the Administrative and Cus-tomer Services Division, Walter C. Odom,Chief, performed planning, design, compo-sition, editorial review, and printing plan-ning and procurement for the publications,Internet products, and report forms.Margaret A. Smith provided publicationcoordination and editing.

We also acknowledge the contributions ofthe following Department of Transporta-tion (DOT) representatives in the overallplanning and design of the survey: RolfSchmitt, Associate Director for Transpor-tation Studies, Bureau of TransportationStatistics, assisted by Susan Lapham,Russ Capelle, Ronald J. Duych, andFelix Ammah-Tagoe.

The Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s Cen-ter for Transportation Analysis, under theformer and current direction of MikeBronzini and David Greene, respec-tively, provided all mileage data for thisreport, using its transportation networkmodeling system, under the supervision ofFrank Southworth and assisted byShih-Miao Chin, Bruce Peterson, JaneRollow, and Angela Gibson.

Special acknowledgment is also due to themany businesses whose cooperation wasessential to the publication of these data.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Idaho

1997 Economic Census

Transportation


1997EC97TCF-ID

Issued December 1999

U.S. Department ofTransportation

Rodney E. Slater,Secretary

Mortimer L. Downey,Deputy Secretary

BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATIONSTATISTICS

Dr. Ashish Sen,Director

Rick Kowalewski,Deputy Director

Rolf R. Schmitt,Associate Director for

Transportation Studies

U.S. Department of CommerceWilliam M. Daley,

SecretaryRobert L. Mallett,

Deputy Secretary

Economicsand Statistics

AdministrationRobert J. Shapiro,Under Secretary for

Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAUKenneth Prewitt,

Director

Paula J. Schneider,Principal Associate Directorfor Programs

Frederick T. Knickerbocker,Associate Directorfor Economic Programs

Thomas L. Mesenbourg,Assistant Directorfor Economic Programs

Carole A. Ambler,Chief, Service SectorStatistics Division

BUREAU OF TRANSPORTATIONSTATISTICS

Dr. Ashish Sen,DirectorRick Kowalewski,Deputy DirectorRolf R. Schmitt,Associate Director forTransportation Studies

ECONOMICS

AND STATISTICS

ADMINISTRATION

Economicsand StatisticsAdministration

Robert J. Shapiro,Under Secretaryfor Economic Affairs

U.S. CENSUS BUREAU

Kenneth Prewitt,Director

William G. Barron,Deputy Director

CONTENTS

Introduction to the Economic Census 1.............................

1997 Commodity Flow Survey 3...................................

TABLES

1a. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: 1997 9............................................

1b. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: 1997 and 1993 9...................................

1c. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State ofOrigin: Percent of Total for 1997 and 1993 10.................

2. Shipment Characteristics by Total Modal Activity for State ofOrigin: 1997 10............................................

3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andDistance Shipped for State of Origin: 1997 11.................

4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andShipment Size for State of Origin: 1997 14....................

5. Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity for State ofOrigin: 1997 17............................................

6. Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity and Mode ofTransportation for State of Origin: 1997 18....................

7. Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination for State ofOrigin: 1997 33............................................

8. Inbound Shipment Characteristics by State of Origin for State ofDestination: 1997 34.......................................

APPENDIXES

A. Comparability With the 1993 Commodity Flow Survey A–1.........

B. Reliability of the Estimates B–1.................................

C. Sample Design, Data Collection, and Estimation C–1..............

D. Standard Classification of Transported Goods CodeInformation D–1.............................................

E. Sample Report Forms and Instructions E–1......................

TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY IDAHO iiiU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Dec. 9, 1999

Introduction to the Economic Census

PURPOSES AND USES OF THE ECONOMIC CENSUS

The economic census is the major source of facts aboutthe structure and functioning of the Nation’s economy. Itprovides essential information for government, business,industry, and the general public. Title 13 of the UnitedStates Code (Sections 131, 191, and 224) directs the Cen-sus Bureau to take the economic census every 5 years,covering years ending in 2 and 7.

The economic census furnishes an important part of theframework for such composite measures as the grossdomestic product estimates, input/output measures, pro-duction and price indexes, and other statistical series thatmeasure short-term changes in economic conditions. Spe-cific uses of economic census data include the following:

• Policymaking agencies of the Federal Government usethe data to monitor economic activity and assess theeffectiveness of policies.

• State and local governments use the data to assessbusiness activities and tax bases within their jurisdic-tions and to develop programs to attract business.

• Trade associations study trends in their own and com-peting industries, which allows them to keep their mem-bers informed of market changes.

• Individual businesses use the data to locate potentialmarkets and to analyze their own production and salesperformance relative to industry or area averages.

BASIS OF REPORTING

The economic census is conducted on an establishmentbasis. A company operating at more than one location isrequired to file a separate report for each store, factory,shop, or other location. Each establishment is assigned aseparate industry classification based on its primary activ-ity and not that of its parent company.

AVAILABILITY OF ADDITIONAL DATA

Reports in Print and Electronic Media

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are availableon the Census Bureau Internet site (www.census.gov) andon compact discs (CD-ROM) for sale by the Census Bureau.Unlike previous censuses, only selected highlights are

published in printed reports. For more information, includ-ing a description of electronic and printed reports beingissued, see the Internet site, or write to U.S. CensusBureau, Washington, DC 20233-8300, or call CustomerServices at 301-457-4100.

HISTORICAL INFORMATION

The economic census has been taken as an integratedprogram at 5-year intervals since 1967 and before that for1954, 1958, and 1963. Prior to that time, individual com-ponents of the economic census were taken separately atvarying intervals.The economic census traces its beginnings to the 1810

Decennial Census, when questions on manufacturing wereincluded with those for population. Coverage of economicactivities was expanded for the 1840 Decennial Censusand subsequent censuses to include mining and somecommercial activities. The 1905 Manufactures Census wasthe first time a census was taken apart from the regulardecennial population census. Censuses covering retail andwholesale trade and construction industries were added in1930, as were some covering service trades in 1933. Cen-suses of construction, manufacturing, and the other busi-ness service censuses were suspended during World WarII.The 1954 Economic Census was the first census to be

fully integrated: providing comparable census data acrosseconomic sectors, using consistent time periods, con-cepts, definitions, classifications, and reporting units. Itwas the first census to be taken by mail, using lists offirms provided by the administrative records of other Fed-eral agencies. Since 1963, administrative records alsohave been used to provide basic statistics for very smallfirms, reducing or eliminating the need to send them cen-sus questionnaires.The range of industries covered in the economic cen-

suses expanded between 1967 and 1992. The census ofconstruction industries began on a regular basis in 1967,and the scope of service industries, introduced in 1933,was broadened in 1967, 1977, and 1987. While a fewtransportation industries were covered as early as 1963, itwas not until 1992 that the census broadened to includeall of transportation, communications, and utilities. Alsonew for 1992 was coverage of financial, insurance, andreal estate industries. With these additions, the economiccensus and the separate census of governments and cen-sus of agriculture collectively covered roughly 98 percentof all economic activity.

INTRODUCTION 1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census

Printed statistical reports from the 1992 and earliercensuses provide historical figures for the study of long-term time series and are available in some large libraries.All of the census reports printed since 1967 are still avail-able for sale on microfiche from the Census Bureau.CD-ROMs issued from the 1987 and 1992 Economic Cen-suses contain databases including nearly all data pub-lished in print, plus additional statistics, such as ZIP Codestatistics, published only on CD-ROM.

SOURCES FOR MORE INFORMATION

More information about the scope, coverage, classifica-tion system, data items, and publications for each of theeconomic censuses and related surveys is published in theGuide to the 1997 Economic Census and Related Statisticsat www.census.gov/econguide. More information on themethodology, procedures, and history of the censuses willbe published in the History of the 1997 Economic Censusat www.census.gov/econ/www/history.html.

2 INTRODUCTION TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY



GENERAL

The 1997 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) is undertakenthrough a partnership between the Bureau of the Census,U.S. Department of Commerce, and the Bureau of Trans-portation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation.This survey produces data on the movement of goods inthe United States. It provides information on commoditiesshipped, their value, weight, and mode of transportation,as well as the origin and destination of shipments ofmanufacturing, mining, wholesale, and selected retailestablishments. The CFS was last conducted in 1993. Seethe Comparability With the 1993 Commodity Flow Surveytable (Appendix A) for a comparison between the 1997and 1993 surveys. The data from the CFS are used by pub-lic policy analysts and for transportation planning anddecision-making to assess the demand for transportationfacilities and services, energy use, and safety risk andenvironmental concerns.

This report presents data at the state level. Additionalreports will include data for the United States, censusregions, divisions, and selected metropolitan areas, aswell as selected data on exports and hazardous materialshipments.

INDUSTRY COVERAGE

The 1997 CFS covers business establishments in min-ing, manufacturing, wholesale trade, and selected retailindustries. The survey also covers selected auxiliary estab-lishments (e.g., warehouses) of in-scope multiunit andretail companies. The survey coverage excludes establish-ments classified as farms, forestry, fisheries, govern-ments, construction, transportation, foreign establish-ments, services, and most establishments in retail.

The industries covered, as defined in the 1987 StandardIndustrial Classification Manual (SIC), are listed in the fol-lowing table:

SIC code Title

10, ex. 108 Metal mining (excluding metal mining services)12, ex. 124 Coal mining (excluding coal mining services)

13 Oil and gas extraction1

14, ex. 148 Mining and quarrying of nonmetallic minerals,except fuels (excluding nonmetallic mineralsservices)

20 Food and kindred products21 Tobacco products22 Textile mill products23 Apparel and other finished products made from

fabrics and similar materials24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture25 Furniture and fixtures26 Paper and allied products27, ex. 279 Printing, publishing, and allied industries

(excluding service industries for theprinting trade)

28 Chemicals and allied products29 Petroleum refining and related industries

30 Rubber and miscellaneous plastics products31 Leather and leather products32 Stone, clay, glass, and concrete products33 Primary metal industries34 Fabricated metal products, except machinery

and transportation equipment35 Industrial and commercial machinery and

computer equipment36 Electronic and other electrical equipment and

components, except computer equipment37 Transportation equipment38 Measuring, analyzing, and controlling

instruments; photographic, medical andoptical goods; watches and clocks

39 Miscellaneous manufacturing industries

50 Wholesale trade—durable goods51 Wholesale trade—nondurable goods

596 Catalog and mail-order houses

1We included establishments classified in SIC 13, Oil and GasExtraction, in the initial coverage of the 1997 CFS. However,because of unresolved industry-wide reporting issues, we haveremoved shipments from these establishments from our 1997CFS tabulations. The data collected from these establishments willbe used as input to a special report at a later date.

Similarly, because establishments in SIC 13 are responsible forthe overwhelming number of shipments classified in SCTG 16,Crude Petroleum, we have removed all shipments with SCTG 16from the 1997 CFS publication results.

1997 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY 3TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


SHIPMENT COVERAGE

The CFS captures data on shipments originating fromselected types of business establishments located in the50 states and the District of Columbia. The data do notcover shipments originating from business establishmentslocated in Puerto Rico and other U.S. possessions and ter-ritories. Shipments traversing the U.S. from a foreign loca-tion to another foreign location (e.g., from Canada toMexico) are not included, nor are shipments from a for-eign location to a U.S. location. Imported products areincluded in the CFS at the point that they left the import-er’s domestic location for shipment to another location.Shipments that are shipped through a foreign territorywith both the origin and destination in the U.S. areincluded in the CFS data. The mileages calculated for theseshipments exclude the international segments (e.g., ship-ments from New York to Michigan through Canada do notinclude any mileages for Canada). Export shipments areincluded, with the domestic destination defined as theport of exit from the U.S.

The ‘‘Industry Coverage’’ section of the text lists the SICgroups covered by the CFS. Other industry areas that arenot covered, but may have significant shipping activity,include agriculture, government, and retail (other thanwarehouses and SIC 5961, Catalog and Mail-OrderHouses). For agriculture specifically, this means that theCFS did not cover shipments of agricultural products fromthe farm site to the processing centers or terminal eleva-tors (most likely short-distance local movements), butdoes cover the shipments of these products from the ini-tial processing centers or terminal elevators onward.

MILEAGE CALCULATIONS

To compute shipment mileages for the 1997 CFS, TheCenter for Transportation Analysis (CTA) at Oak RidgeNational Laboratory (ORNL) developed an integrated, inter-modal transportation network modeling system. A securedata site was setup at ORNL to process census-suppliedfiles containing data elements for individual CFS shipmentrecords. Each record contained the ZIP Code of shipmentorigin and destination, and the mode or mode sequencereported. Each record also contained information on thetype of commodity moved, its weight, dollar value andwhether containerized or a hazardous material. Exportshipments were also identified on the records, along withdata on U.S. port of exit and foreign destination city andcountry. Encrypted data files were transmitted andreturned from ORNL after processing, with turnaround ofmost files on a week-by-week basis. In this manner manyshipment-specific data problems encountered by ORNL intheir routing procedures were reported back to census in atimely fashion, allowing census to call back some shippersand thereby confirm, correct, or recover missing or other-wise unusable data. The ORNL system computed mile-ages, by mode, for all single modes and for any reported

multimodal sequence. This was done for any origin-destination pair of domestic ZIP Code locations, and forany internal ZIP Code of origin, via U.S. export port, to for-eign (export) destination. Mileages between origin-destination ZIP Code centroids were computed by findingthe minimum impedance path over mathematical repre-sentations of the highway, rail, waterway, air, and pipelinenetworks and then summing the lengths of individuallinks on these paths. Impedance is computed as aweighted combination of distance, time, and cost factors.

The ORNL multimodal network database is composedof individual modal-specific networks representing each ofthe major transportation modes—highway, rail, waterway,air, and pipeline. The links of these specific modal net-works are the representation of line-haul transportationfacilities. The nodes represent intersections and inter-changes, and the access points to the transportation net-work. To simulate local access, test links are created fromeach five-digit ZIP Code centroid to nearby nodes on thenetwork. For the truck network, local access is assumed toexist everywhere. For the other modes this is not true.Before any test links are created for these modes, a searchprocedure is used to determine if and where such net-works are most likely to provide access to the ZIP Code.For shipments involving more than one mode, such astruck-rail or rail-water shipments, intermodal transfer linksare added to the network database for the purpose of con-necting the individual modal networks together for rout-ing purposes. An intermodal terminals database and anumber of terminal transfer models were developed atORNL to identify likely transfer points for different classesof freight. A measure of link impedance was calculated foreach access, line-haul, and intermodal transfer link tra-versed by a shipment. These impedances were mode spe-cific and are based on various link characteristics. Forexample, the set of link characteristics for the highwaynetwork included speed impacting factors, such as thepresence of divided or undivided roadway, the degree ofaccess control, rural or urban setting, type of pavement,number of lanes, degree of urban congestion, and lengthof the link. Link impedance measures are also assigned tothe local access links. Intermodal transfer link impedancesare estimated in terms of the time it takes to move goodsthrough such a transfer. In the case of rail and air freight,intercarrier transfer penalties are also considered in orderto obtain proper route selections. A minimum path algo-rithm is used to find the minimum impedance pathbetween a shipment’s origin ZIP Code centroid and desti-nation ZIP Code centroid. The cumulative length of thelocal access plus line-haul links on this path provides theestimated shipment distance. When rail was involvedthese shipment distances may be averaged over morethan one path between an origin-destination pair.

Mileage Data for Pipeline Shipments

In the tables, we do not show ton-miles or averagemiles per shipment for pipeline shipments. For most ofthese shipments, the respondents reported the shipment

4 1997 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


destination as a pipeline facility on the main pipeline net-work. Therefore, for the majority of these shipments, theresulting mileage represented only the access distancethrough feeder pipelines to the main pipeline network,and not the actual distance through the main pipeline net-work. Pipeline shipments are included in the U.S. totals forton-miles and average miles per shipment.

DISCLOSURE RULES

In accordance with Federal law governing CensusBureau reports, no data are published that would disclosethe operations of an individual firm or establishment.

EXPLANATION OF TERMS

Average miles per shipment. For the 1993 CFS, weexcluded shipments of STCC 27, Printed Matter, from ourcalculation of average miles per shipment. We made thisdecision after determining that respondents in the 1993CFS shipping newspapers, magazines, catalogs, etc., hadused widely varying definitions of the term ‘‘shipment.’’

For the 1997 CFS, we made numerous efforts through-out our data collection and editing to produce consistentresults from establishments shipping SCTG 29, PrintedProducts. As a result, we have included printed productsin the average miles per shipment calculations for the1997 CFS.

Commodity. Products that an establishment produces,sells, or distributes. This does not include items that areconsidered as excess or byproducts of the establishment’soperation. Respondents reported the description and thefive-digit SCTG code for the major commodity contained inthe shipment, defined as the commodity with the greatestweight in the total shipment.

Distance shipped. In some tables, shipment data arepresented for various ‘‘distance shipped’’ intervals. Ship-ments were categorized into these ‘‘distance shipped’’intervals based on the great circle distance between theirorigin and destination ZIP Code centroids. All otherdistance-related data in this and other tables (i.e., ton-miles and average miles per shipment) are based on themileage calculations produced by Oak Ridge NationalLaboratories. (See the ‘‘Mileage Calculations’’ section formore details.)

Great circle distance. The shortest distance betweentwo points on the earth’s surface.

Mode of transportation. The type of transportationused for moving the shipment to its domestic destination.For exports, the domestic destination was the port of exit.

Mode Definitions

In the instructions to the respondent, we defined thepossible modes as follows:

1. Parcel delivery/courier/U.S. Postal Service. Deliv-ery services, parcels, packages, and other small ship-ments that typically weigh less than 100 pounds.Includes bus parcel delivery service.

2. Private truck. Trucks operated by a temporary orpermanent employee of an establishment or thebuyer/receiver of the shipment.

3. For-hire truck. Trucks that carry freight for a fee col-lected from the shipper, recipient of the shipment, oran arranger of the transportation.

4. Railroad. Any common carrier or private railroad.

5. Shallow draft vessels. Barges, ships, or ferries oper-ating primarily on rivers and canals; in harbors, theGreat Lakes, the Saint Lawrence Seaway; the Intrac-oastal Waterway, the Inside Passage to Alaska, majorbays and inlets; or in the ocean close to the shoreline.

6. Deep draft vessel. Barges, ships, or ferries operat-ing primarily in the open ocean. Shipping on the GreatLakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway is classified withshallow draft vessels.

7. Pipeline. Movements of oil, petroleum, gas, slurry,etc., through pipelines that extend to other establish-ments or locations beyond the shipper’s establish-ment. Aqueducts for the movement of water are notincluded.

8. Air. Commercial or private aircraft, and all air servicefor shipments that typically weigh more than 100pounds. Includes air freight and air express.

9. Other mode. Any mode not listed above.

10. Unknown. The shipment was not carried by a parceldelivery/courier/U.S. Postal Service, and the respon-dent could not determine what mode of transportationwas used.

In the tables, we have used additional terms for mode,which we define as follows:

1. Air (includes truck and air). Shipments that usedair or a combination of truck and air.

2. Single modes. Shipments using only one of theabove-listed modes, except parcel or other andunknown.

3. Multiple modes. Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or couriershipments or shipments for which two or more of thefollowing modes of transportation were used:

Private truckFor-hire truckRailShallow draft vesselDeep draft vesselPipeline



We did not allow for multiple modes in combinationwith ‘‘parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier,’’‘‘unknown,’’ or ‘‘other.’’ By their nature, these ship-ments may already include various kinds of multiple-mode activity. For example, if the respondent reporteda shipment’s mode of transportation as parcel and air,we treated the shipment as parcel only.

4. Other multiple modes. Shipments using any othermode combinations not specifically listed in thetables.

5. Other and unknown modes. Shipments for whichmodes were not reported, or were reported by therespondent as ‘‘Other’’ or ‘‘Unknown.’’

6. Truck. Shipments using for-hire truck only, privatetruck only, or a combination of for-hire truck and pri-vate truck.

7. Water. Shipments using shallow draft vessel only,deep draft vessel only, or Great Lakes vessel only.Combinations of these modes, such as shallow draftvessel and Great Lakes vessel are included as ‘‘Othermultiple modes.’’

8. Great Lakes. In the tables in this publication, ‘‘GreatLakes’’ appears as a single mode. ORNL’s transporta-tion network and mileage calculation system allowedfor separate mileage calculations for Great Lakesbetween the origin and destination ZIP Codes (see the‘‘Mileage Calculations’’ section for more details).

Other Definitions and Terms

Shipment. A shipment (or delivery) is an individual move-ment of commodities from an establishment to a customeror to another location of the originating company (includ-ing a warehouse, distribution center, retail or wholesaleoutlet). A shipment uses one or more modes of transporta-tion including parcel delivery, U.S. Postal Service, courier,private truck, for-hire truck, rail, water, pipeline, air, andother modes.

Standard Classification of Transported Goods(SCTG). The commodities shown in this report are classi-fied using the SCTG coding system. The SCTG coding sys-tem was developed jointly by agencies of the UnitedStates and Canadian governments based on the Harmo-nized System to address statistical needs in regard toproducts transported.

Ton-miles. The weight times the mileage for a shipment.The respondents reported shipment weight in pounds, asdescribed below. Mileage was calculated as the distancebetween the shipment origin and destination ZIP Codes.For shipments by truck, rail, or shallow draft vessels, themileage excludes international segments. For example,mileages from Alaska to the continental United States

exclude any mileages through Canada (see the ‘‘MileageCalculations’’ section for more details). Aggregated pound-miles were converted to ton-miles. The ton-miles data aredisplayed in millions.

Tons shipped. The total weight of the entire shipment.Respondents reported the weight in pounds. Aggregatedpounds were converted to short-tons (2,000 pounds). Thetons data are displayed in thousands.

Total modal activity. The overall activity (e.g., ton-miles)of a specific mode of transportation, whether used in asingle-mode shipment, or as part of a multiple-mode ship-ment. For example, the total modal activity for privatetruck is the total ton-miles carried by private truck insingle-mode shipments, combined with the total ton-milescarried by private truck in all multiple-mode shipmentsthat include private truck (private truck and for-hire truck,private truck and rail, private truck and air, etc.)

Value of shipments. The dollar value of the entire ship-ment. This was defined as the net selling value, f.o.b.plant, exclusive of freight charges and excise taxes. Thevalue data are displayed in millions of dollars.

ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS

The following abbreviations and symbols are used inthe tables for this publication:

D Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosingdata for individual companies.

– Represents zero or less than 1 unit ofmeasure.

S Data do not meet publication standards dueto high sampling variability or other reasons.

CFS Commodity Flow Survey.lb Pounds.n.e.c. Not elsewhere classified.NA Not applicable.n.o.s. Not otherwise specified.

OTHER TRANSPORTATION DATA

Users of transportation data may be especially inter-ested in the following reports:

Economic Census: Transportation Sector coversestablishments that provide passenger and freight trans-portation to the general public, government, or other busi-nesses.

Published data include kind of business, geographiclocation, total operating revenue, annual and first quarterpayroll, and number of employees for pay period includ-ing March 12.

Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey covers state andU.S. level statistics on the physical and operational charac-teristics of the Nation’s truck, van, minivan, and sport util-ity vehicle population. Some of the types of data collected

6 1997 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


include number of vehicles, major use, body type, annualmiles, model year, vehicle size, fuel type, operator classifi-cation, engine size, range of operation, weeks operated,products carried, and hazardous materials carried. Thissurvey shows comparative statistics reflecting percentchanges in number of vehicles between 1997 and 1992for most characteristics.

Transportation Annual Survey covers firms with paidemployees that provide commercial motor freight trans-portation and public warehousing services. Data collectedinclude operating revenue and operating revenue by

source, total expenses and expenses percentage of motorcarrier freight revenue by commodity type, size of ship-ments handled, length of haul, and vehicle fleet inventory.

All results of the 1997 Economic Census are availableon the Census Bureau Internet site http://www.census.govand on compact discs (CD-ROM).

For more information on any Census Bureau product,including a description of electronic and printed reportsbeing issued, see the web site or call Customer Services at301-457-4100.



Table 1a. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1997[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

Mode of transportation

Value Tons Ton~miles

Number(million dollars) Percent

Number(thousands) Percent

Number(millions) Percent

Average milesper shipment

All modes 26 188...................................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0 579

Single modes 18 355..................................................... 70.1 46 704 97.8 14 765 97.4 170

Truck1 14 697.................................................................. 56.1 39 540 82.8 7 876 51.9 91For~hire truck 7 518.......................................................... 28.7 10 822 22.7 6 065 40.0 666Private truck 7 099........................................................... 27.1 28 458 59.6 1 731 11.4 46

Rail 2 149.................................................................... 8.2 7 153 15.0 6 871 45.3 1 508

Water –.................................................................. – – – – – –Shallow draft –.......................................................... – – – – – –Great Lakes –........................................................... – – – – – –Deep draft –............................................................ – – – – – –

Air (includes truck and air) S................................................. S S S S S 1 699Pipeline2 –................................................................ – – – S S S

Multiple modes 6 557................................................... 25.0 352 .7 296 2.0 897

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 6 285....................................... 24.0 96 .2 S S 897Truck and rail 215............................................................ .8 198 .4 169 1.1 814Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 1 068Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 1 277........................................ 4.9 708 1.5 104 .7 124

– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.D Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.S Data do not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or other reasons. Some unpublished estimates can be derived from other data published in this table. However,

figures obtained in this manner are subject to these same limitations.

1"Truck" as a single mode includes shipments which went by private truck only, for~hire truck only, or a combination of private truck and for~hire truck.2CFS data for pipeline exclude most shipments of crude oil. See "Mileage Calculations" section for details of CFS coverage.

Table 1b. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1997 and1993

[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]


Value Tons Ton~miles Average miles per shipment

1997(milliondollars)

1993(milliondollars)

Percentchange

1997(thousands)

1993(thousands)

Percentchange

1997(millions)

1993(millions)

Percentchange 1997 1993

Percentchange

All modes 26 188................. 16 518 58.5 47 764 48 583 –1.7 15 164 18 918 –19.8 579 390 48.8

Single modes 18 355................ 14 707 24.8 46 704 47 912 –2.5 14 765 18 408 –19.8 170 156 8.8

Truck1 14 697............................. 11 649 26.2 39 540 31 872 24.1 7 876 8 050 –2.2 91 130 –29.9For~hire truck 7 518..................... 7 215 4.2 10 822 16 243 –33.4 6 065 6 070 –.1 666 457 45.5Private truck 7 099..................... 4 430 60.2 28 458 15 581 82.6 1 731 1 972 –12.2 46 67 –30.8

Rail 2 149............................... 2 767 –22.3 7 153 16 038 –55.4 6 871 10 353 –33.6 1 508 1 268 18.9

Water –............................. S S – S S – S S – 2 543 –100.0Shallow draft –..................... S S – S S – S S – 378 –100.0Great Lakes –...................... – – – – – – – – – – –Deep draft –....................... S S – S S – S S – 3 076 –100.0

Air (includes truck and air) S........... 289 S S 2 S S 3 S 1 699 1 614 5.2Pipeline2 –........................... – – – – – S S S S S S

Multiple modes 6 557.............. 1 134 478.4 352 136 159.1 296 195 51.4 897 710 26.4

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 6 285. 1 048 499.6 96 48 100.7 S 37 S 897 709 26.6Truck and rail 215...................... S S 198 68 191.3 169 141 19.9 814 2 065 –60.6Truck and water S.................... 12 S S 19 S S 16 S 1 068 1 150 –7.2Rail and water –...................... S S – S S – S S – 440 –100.0Other multiple modes –............... – – – – – – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 1 277... S S 708 535 32.4 104 315 –67.0 124 S S




TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY IDAHO 9U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Dec. 9, 1999

Table 1c. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: Percent ofTotal for 1997 and 1993


Mode of transportationValue (percent) Tons (percent) Ton~miles (percent)

1997 1993 1997 1993 1997 1993

All modes 100.0................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Single modes 70.1................................................ 89.0 97.8 98.6 97.4 97.3

Truck1 56.1............................................................. 70.5 82.8 65.6 51.9 42.6For~hire truck 28.7..................................................... 43.7 22.7 33.4 40.0 32.1Private truck 27.1..................................................... 26.8 59.6 32.1 11.4 10.4

Rail 8.2............................................................... 16.7 15.0 33.0 45.3 54.7

Water –............................................................. S – S – SShallow draft –..................................................... S – S – SGreat Lakes –...................................................... – – – – –Deep draft –....................................................... S – S – S

Air (includes truck and air) S........................................... 1.7 S – S –Pipeline2 –........................................................... – – – S S

Multiple modes 25.0.............................................. 6.9 .7 .3 2.0 1.0

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 24.0................................. 6.3 .2 .1 S .2Truck and rail .8...................................................... S .4 .1 1.1 .7Truck and water S.................................................... – S – S –Rail and water –...................................................... S – S – SOther multiple modes –............................................... – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 4.9................................... S 1.5 1.1 .7 1.7




Table 2. Shipment Characteristics by Total Modal Activity for State of Origin: 1997[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total becauseof rounding]

Mode of transportation1

Ton~miles



Total 15 164................................................... 100.0 569

Truck 7 903......................................................... 52.1 91Rail 7 016.......................................................... 46.3 1 402Shallow draft S.................................................. S 370Great Lakes –................................................... – –Deep draft S.................................................... S 2 777

Air S........................................................... S 1 609Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S 897Pipeline S....................................................... S SOther and unknown modes 104...................................... .7 124

– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.D Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.S Data do not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or other reasons. Some unpublished

estimates can be derived from other data published in this table. However, figures obtained in this manner are subject to thesesame limitations.

1Data represent activity for a given mode across single and multiple mode shipments. For example, "Truck" ton~milesincludes total ton~miles for shipments moving by truck only plus ton~miles for truck segments only of multiple mode shipments.

10 IDAHO TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEYU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Dec. 9, 1999

Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped for Stateof Origin: 1997


Mode of transportation and distance shipped(based on Great Circle Distance)





All modes 26 188....................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0

Less than 50 miles 6 359.......................................... 24.3 30 168 63.2 675 4.550 to 99 miles 1 193.............................................. 4.6 2 497 5.2 258 1.7100 to 249 miles 2 046............................................ 7.8 4 290 9.0 978 6.4250 to 499 miles 4 050............................................ 15.5 3 551 7.4 1 775 11.7500 to 749 miles 2 919............................................ 11.1 2 185 4.6 1 904 12.6

750 to 999 miles 1 182............................................ 4.5 958 2.0 1 219 8.01,000 to 1,499 miles 2 755........................................ 10.5 2 098 4.4 3 631 23.91,500 to 1,999 miles 2 406........................................ 9.2 1 442 3.0 3 170 20.92,000 miles or more S......................................... S 575 1.2 1 555 10.3

Single modes 18 355...................................... 100.0 46 704 100.0 14 765 100.0

Less than 50 miles 5 690.......................................... 31.0 29 625 63.4 665 4.550 to 99 miles 1 026.............................................. 5.6 2 483 5.3 256 1.7100 to 249 miles 1 848............................................ 10.1 4 229 9.1 965 6.5250 to 499 miles 2 833............................................ 15.4 3 239 6.9 1 636 11.1500 to 749 miles 1 674............................................ 9.1 2 148 4.6 1 873 12.7

750 to 999 miles 928............................................ 5.1 954 2.0 1 215 8.21,000 to 1,499 miles 1 829........................................ 10.0 2 062 4.4 3 565 24.11,500 to 1,999 miles 1 585........................................ 8.6 1 422 3.0 3 127 21.22,000 miles or more 943......................................... 5.1 541 1.2 1 464 9.9

Truck1 14 697.............................................. 100.0 39 540 100.0 7 876 100.0

Less than 50 miles 5 646.......................................... 38.4 27 271 69.0 616 7.850 to 99 miles 1 025.............................................. 7.0 2 465 6.2 255 3.2100 to 249 miles 1 687............................................ 11.5 3 875 9.8 872 11.1250 to 499 miles 1 978............................................ 13.5 2 673 6.8 1 280 16.3500 to 749 miles 1 051............................................ 7.2 963 2.4 784 10.0

750 to 999 miles 695............................................ 4.7 437 1.1 492 6.21,000 to 1,499 miles 1 070........................................ 7.3 927 2.3 1 479 18.81,500 to 1,999 miles 1 007........................................ 6.9 646 1.6 1 359 17.32,000 miles or more 538......................................... 3.7 283 .7 738 9.4

For~hire truck 7 518........................................ 100.0 10 822 100.0 6 065 100.0

Less than 50 miles 701.......................................... 9.3 2 966 27.4 98 1.650 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 330 3.0 37 .6100 to 249 miles 1 049............................................ 14.0 2 631 24.3 610 10.1250 to 499 miles 1 586............................................ 21.1 1 981 18.3 967 15.9500 to 749 miles 891............................................ 11.9 855 7.9 697 11.5

750 to 999 miles 609............................................ 8.1 399 3.7 448 7.41,000 to 1,499 miles 908........................................ 12.1 808 7.5 1 285 21.21,500 to 1,999 miles 935........................................ 12.4 591 5.5 1 243 20.52,000 miles or more 507......................................... 6.7 260 2.4 679 11.2

Private truck 7 099........................................ 100.0 28 458 100.0 1 731 100.0

Less than 50 miles 4 936.......................................... 69.5 24 300 85.4 519 30.050 to 99 miles 693.............................................. 9.8 2 135 7.5 218 12.6100 to 249 miles 605............................................ 8.5 1 034 3.6 223 12.9250 to 499 miles 377............................................ 5.3 666 2.3 305 17.6500 to 749 miles 157............................................ 2.2 104 .4 83 4.8

750 to 999 miles 79............................................ 1.1 34 .1 39 2.31,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S 117 .4 191 11.01,500 to 1,999 miles 69........................................ 1.0 48 .2 102 5.92,000 miles or more 26......................................... .4 20 – 51 2.9

Rail 2 149................................................. 100.0 7 153 100.0 6 871 100.0

Less than 50 miles S.......................................... S S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles 96............................................ 4.5 353 4.9 92 1.3250 to 499 miles 139............................................ 6.5 564 7.9 354 5.2500 to 749 miles 380............................................ 17.7 1 184 16.6 1 087 15.8

750 to 999 miles 232............................................ 10.8 517 7.2 723 10.51,000 to 1,499 miles 686........................................ 31.9 1 133 15.8 2 084 30.31,500 to 1,999 miles 421........................................ 19.6 774 10.8 1 762 25.62,000 miles or more 149......................................... 7.0 256 3.6 719 10.5

Water –............................................... – – – – –

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – – –100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – – –250 to 499 miles –............................................ – – – – –500 to 749 miles –............................................ – – – – –

750 to 999 miles –............................................ – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –........................................ – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –........................................ – – – – –2,000 miles or more –......................................... – – – – –

Shallow draft –........................................ – – – – –



See footnotes at end of table.


Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped for Stateof Origin: 1997mCon.







Single modesmCon.

Great Lakes –......................................... – – – – –



Deep draft –........................................... – – – – –



Air (includes truck and air) S........................... S S S S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles S............................................ S S S S S250 to 499 miles 715............................................ 47.4 S S S S500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S S S S S1,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S 3 25.8 6 33.62,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Pipeline2 –............................................ – – – S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – S S50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – S S100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – S S250 to 499 miles –............................................ – – – S S500 to 749 miles –............................................ – – – S S

750 to 999 miles –............................................ – – – S S1,000 to 1,499 miles –........................................ – – – S S1,500 to 1,999 miles –........................................ – – – S S2,000 miles or more –......................................... – – – S S

Multiple modes 6 557.................................... 100.0 352 100.0 296 100.0

Less than 50 miles 159.......................................... 2.4 S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 4 1.1 – .1100 to 249 miles 112............................................ 1.7 5 1.4 1 .4250 to 499 miles 1 062............................................ 16.2 250 71.0 115 39.0500 to 749 miles S............................................ S 9 2.6 9 2.9

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S 3 .9 4 1.21,000 to 1,499 miles 726........................................ 11.1 27 7.7 51 17.41,500 to 1,999 miles 816........................................ 12.5 20 5.5 43 14.62,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 6 285................. 100.0 96 100.0 S S

Less than 50 miles 159.......................................... 2.5 S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 4 3.9 – .4100 to 249 miles 112............................................ 1.8 5 5.0 1 1.1250 to 499 miles 849............................................ 13.5 S S S S500 to 749 miles S............................................ S 6 6.5 6 5.6

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S 3 3.2 3 3.31,000 to 1,499 miles 710........................................ 11.3 7 7.0 11 10.91,500 to 1,999 miles 784........................................ 12.5 S S S S2,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Truck and rail 215....................................... 100.0 198 100.0 169 100.0

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – – –100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – – –250 to 499 miles 158............................................ 73.4 155 78.4 77 45.6500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S S S S S1,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S 11 5.7 26 15.22,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Truck and water S..................................... S S S S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – – –100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – – –250 to 499 miles S............................................ S S S S S500 to 749 miles –............................................ – – – – –

750 to 999 miles –............................................ – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –........................................ – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –........................................ – – – – –2,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S



Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped for Stateof Origin: 1997mCon.







Multiple modesmCon.

Rail and water –....................................... – – – – –



Other multiple modes –................................ – – – – –



Other and unknown modes 1 277......................... 100.0 708 100.0 104 100.0

Less than 50 miles 510.......................................... 40.0 535 75.5 10 9.650 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles 86............................................ 6.7 56 7.9 12 11.3250 to 499 miles 155............................................ 12.1 62 8.8 23 22.6500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S 9 1.3 14 13.91,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S – – – .12,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S





Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1997


Mode of transportation and shipment size






All modes 26 188.................................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0 579

Less than 50 lb 5 595.......................................................... 21.4 137 .3 69 .5 66150 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S 72 .2 S S 372100 to 499 lb 3 354............................................................ 12.8 342 .7 61 .4 167500 to 749 lb 595............................................................ 2.3 129 .3 19 .1 144750 to 999 lb 288............................................................ 1.1 109 .2 15 .1 136

1,000 to 9,999 lb 2 714......................................................... 10.4 2 324 4.9 428 2.8 18110,000 to 49,999 lb 7 009....................................................... 26.8 18 584 38.9 5 325 35.1 24450,000 to 99,999 lb 2 276....................................................... 8.7 17 564 36.8 2 365 15.6 123100,000 lb or more 2 436....................................................... 9.3 8 503 17.8 6 852 45.2 1 283

Single modes 18 355................................................... 100.0 46 704 100.0 14 765 100.0 170

Less than 50 lb 1 897.......................................................... 10.3 88 .2 S S 18350 to 99 lb 483.............................................................. 2.6 51 .1 4 – 82100 to 499 lb 1 935............................................................ 10.5 292 .6 36 .2 111500 to 749 lb 379............................................................ 2.1 126 .3 17 .1 135750 to 999 lb 253............................................................ 1.4 106 .2 15 .1 137

1,000 to 9,999 lb 2 455......................................................... 13.4 2 260 4.8 419 2.8 18110,000 to 49,999 lb 6 554....................................................... 35.7 18 198 39.0 5 166 35.0 24250,000 to 99,999 lb 2 202....................................................... 12.0 17 454 37.4 2 298 15.6 120100,000 lb or more 2 197....................................................... 12.0 8 128 17.4 6 792 46.0 1 289

Truck1 14 697............................................................ 100.0 39 540 100.0 7 876 100.0 91

Less than 50 lb 932.......................................................... 6.3 80 .2 4 – 5750 to 99 lb 397.............................................................. 2.7 51 .1 4 – 79100 to 499 lb 1 487............................................................ 10.1 291 .7 35 .4 108500 to 749 lb 378............................................................ 2.6 126 .3 17 .2 133750 to 999 lb 253............................................................ 1.7 106 .3 15 .2 137

1,000 to 9,999 lb 2 429......................................................... 16.5 2 256 5.7 410 5.2 17710,000 to 49,999 lb 6 503....................................................... 44.2 18 151 45.9 5 118 65.0 24050,000 to 99,999 lb 2 093....................................................... 14.2 17 261 43.7 1 903 24.2 106100,000 lb or more 226....................................................... 1.5 1 218 3.1 371 4.7 266

For~hire truck 7 518..................................................... 100.0 10 822 100.0 6 065 100.0 666

Less than 50 lb 280.......................................................... 3.7 2 – 1 – 51850 to 99 lb 75.............................................................. 1.0 3 – S S 758100 to 499 lb 407............................................................ 5.4 27 .2 21 .3 729500 to 749 lb 117............................................................ 1.6 13 .1 10 .2 744750 to 999 lb 80............................................................ 1.1 10 .1 9 .2 911

1,000 to 9,999 lb 923......................................................... 12.3 285 2.6 260 4.3 88810,000 to 49,999 lb 4 361....................................................... 58.0 5 061 46.8 4 209 69.4 81950,000 to 99,999 lb 1 080....................................................... 14.4 4 633 42.8 1 222 20.1 267100,000 lb or more 196....................................................... 2.6 789 7.3 330 5.4 429

Private truck 7 099...................................................... 100.0 28 458 100.0 1 731 100.0 46

Less than 50 lb 651.......................................................... 9.2 78 .3 3 .2 4250 to 99 lb 322.............................................................. 4.5 48 .2 2 .1 42100 to 499 lb 1 078............................................................ 15.2 263 .9 13 .8 51500 to 749 lb 260............................................................ 3.7 113 .4 7 .4 60750 to 999 lb 172............................................................ 2.4 95 .3 5 .3 54

1,000 to 9,999 lb 1 467......................................................... 20.7 1 943 6.8 115 6.7 5910,000 to 49,999 lb 2 131....................................................... 30.0 13 058 45.9 900 52.0 5950,000 to 99,999 lb 988....................................................... 13.9 12 430 43.7 645 37.3 50100,000 lb or more 30....................................................... .4 S S 40 2.3 S

Rail 2 149.............................................................. 100.0 7 153 100.0 6 871 100.0 1 508

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – – – –100 to 499 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 1 812500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 1 561750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 2 08710,000 to 49,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 1 02550,000 to 99,999 lb 110....................................................... 5.1 193 2.7 396 5.8 2 026100,000 lb or more 1 971....................................................... 91.7 6 910 96.6 6 422 93.5 1 473

Water –............................................................ – – – – – –

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – – – –100 to 499 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –500 to 749 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb –......................................................... – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – – – –

Shallow draft –..................................................... – – – – – –





Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1997mCon.








Single modesmCon.

Great Lakes –...................................................... – – – – – –



Deep draft –........................................................ – – – – – –



Air (includes truck and air) S........................................ S S S S S 1 699

Less than 50 lb S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 70550 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S – 1.6 – 1.1 1 171100 to 499 lb 447............................................................ 29.6 1 6.7 1 4.2 1 136500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 2 117750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 346

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 2 13910,000 to 49,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – – – –

Pipeline2 –......................................................... – – – S S S

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – S S S50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – S S S100 to 499 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S500 to 749 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S

1,000 to 9,999 lb –......................................................... – – – S S S10,000 to 49,999 lb –....................................................... – – – S S S50,000 to 99,999 lb –....................................................... – – – S S S100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes 6 557................................................. 100.0 352 100.0 296 100.0 897

Less than 50 lb 3 341.......................................................... 51.0 41 11.6 49 16.7 89250 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S S S S S 1 395100 to 499 lb 1 355............................................................ 20.7 S S S S 626500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 1 .4 1 .3 793750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 828

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 3 16010,000 to 49,999 lb 235....................................................... 3.6 225 64.1 130 43.8 S50,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 1 888100,000 lb or more S....................................................... S S S S S 2 921

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 6 285............................... 100.0 96 100.0 S S 897

Less than 50 lb 3 341.......................................................... 53.2 41 42.6 49 49.0 89250 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S S S S S 1 395100 to 499 lb 1 355............................................................ 21.6 S S S S 625500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 1 1.4 1 1.0 793750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 828


Truck and rail 215..................................................... 100.0 198 100.0 169 100.0 814


1,000 to 9,999 lb –......................................................... – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb 183....................................................... 85.1 171 86.5 108 63.8 67950,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 2 144100,000 lb or more S....................................................... S S S S S 2 921

Truck and water S.................................................. S S S S S 1 068

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – – – –100 to 499 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 3 263500 to 749 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 3 16010,000 to 49,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 39950,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 399100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – – – –



Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State ofOrigin: 1997mCon.








Multiple modesmCon.

Rail and water –.................................................... – – – – – –



Other multiple modes –............................................. – – – – – –



Other and unknown modes 1 277...................................... 100.0 708 100.0 104 100.0 124

Less than 50 lb S.......................................................... S 8 1.1 S S 13950 to 99 lb 92.............................................................. 7.2 3 .5 – .1 S100 to 499 lb 63............................................................ 5.0 15 2.1 1 .7 52500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 1 .2 S S 318750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 31

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S 63 8.9 7 6.5 12910,000 to 49,999 lb 220....................................................... 17.3 160 22.6 29 28.2 20750,000 to 99,999 lb 41....................................................... 3.2 85 12.0 19 18.2 S100,000 lb or more 236....................................................... 18.5 370 52.2 S S 634





Table 5. Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity for State of Origin: 1997[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

SCTGcode Commodity description






All commodities 26 188........................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0 579

01 Live animals and live fish S.......................................... S S S S S 2502 Cereal grains 460.................................................... 1.8 2 990 6.3 1 240 8.2 S03 Other agricultural products 1 206......................................... 4.6 1 909 4.0 S S S04 Animal feed and products of animal origin, n.e.c. 524..................... 2.0 2 629 5.5 714 4.7 S05 Meat, fish, seafood, and their preparations S........................... S S S S S 235

06 Milled grain products and preparations, and bakery products 92........... .4 103 .2 S S 13607 Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils 2 841.......................... 10.8 3 360 7.0 3 123 20.6 S08 Alcoholic beverages 197.............................................. .8 228 .5 S S 4209 Tobacco products S................................................ S 1 – – – 6310 Monumental or building stone S...................................... S S S S S 80

11 Natural sands S.................................................... S S S S S S12 Gravel and crushed stone 40......................................... .2 9 178 19.2 237 1.6 S13 Nonmetallic minerals n.e.c. S........................................ S S S 158 1.0 45314 Metallic ores and concentrates 231..................................... .9 192 .4 127 .8 60715 Coal S............................................................ S S S S S 7

17 Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel 394................................... 1.5 1 466 3.1 74 .5 6518 Fuel oils 154......................................................... .6 637 1.3 69 .5 S19 Coal and petroleum products, n.e.c. 221................................ .8 743 1.6 S S 8020 Basic chemicals 562.................................................. 2.1 583 1.2 572 3.8 S21 Pharmaceutical products S.......................................... S S S S S S

22 Fertilizers 554........................................................ 2.1 2 586 5.4 953 6.3 S23 Chemical products and preparations, n.e.c. 605.......................... 2.3 101 .2 13 – S24 Plastics and rubber 557............................................... 2.1 149 .3 63 .4 22425 Logs and other wood in the rough S.................................. S S S S S S26 Wood products 2 027................................................... 7.7 3 505 7.3 3 784 25.0 407

27 Pulp, newsprint, paper, and paperboard 315............................. 1.2 322 .7 171 1.1 S28 Paper or paperboard articles 515....................................... 2.0 463 1.0 178 1.2 35729 Printed products 602.................................................. 2.3 150 .3 68 .4 S30 Textiles, leather, and articles of textiles or leather S..................... S 18 – S S 1 55031 Nonmetallic mineral products 273...................................... 1.0 4 325 9.1 189 1.2 725

32 Base metal in primary or semifinished forms and in finished basicshapes 169......................................................... .6 185 .4 44 .3 S

33 Articles of base metal 403............................................. 1.5 145 .3 S S 23134 Machinery 905....................................................... 3.5 98 .2 27 .2 S35 Electronic and other electrical equipment and components and office

equipment S...................................................... S 120 .3 S S 1 00136 Motorized and other vehicles (including parts) 412........................ 1.6 107 .2 51 .3 235

37 Transportation equipment, n.e.c. S................................... S S S S S 1 22538 Precision instruments and apparatus 44................................ .2 1 – – – S39 Furniture, mattresses and mattress supports, lamps, lighting fittings, and

illuminated signs 167................................................ .6 25 – 11 – S40 Miscellaneous manufactured products 856.............................. 3.3 176 .4 86 .6 94241 Waste and scrap 41................................................. .2 144 .3 59 .4 40543 Mixed freight S..................................................... S S S S S S~~ Commodity unknown 257.............................................. 1.0 S S S S 560



Note: Data exclude shipments of SCTG 16, Crude Petroleum. See the section "Industry Coverage" for additional information.


Table 6. Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity and Mode of Transportation forState of Origin: 1997


SCTG code, description, and mode of transportation






ALL COMMODITIES

Total 26 188............................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0 579

Single modes 18 355........................................... 70.1 46 704 97.8 14 765 97.4 170

Truck1 14 697........................................................ 56.1 39 540 82.8 7 876 51.9 91For~hire truck 7 518................................................ 28.7 10 822 22.7 6 065 40.0 666Private truck 7 099................................................. 27.1 28 458 59.6 1 731 11.4 46

Rail 2 149.......................................................... 8.2 7 153 15.0 6 871 45.3 1 508

Water –........................................................ – – – – – –Shallow draft –................................................ – – – – – –Great Lakes –................................................. – – – – – –Deep draft –.................................................. – – – – – –

Air (includes truck and air) S....................................... S S S S S 1 699Pipeline2 –...................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes 6 557......................................... 25.0 352 .7 296 2.0 897

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 6 285............................. 24.0 96 .2 S S 897Truck and rail 215.................................................. .8 198 .4 169 1.1 814Truck and water S............................................... S S S S S 1 068Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 1 277.............................. 4.9 708 1.5 104 .7 124

SCTG 01, LIVE ANIMALS AND LIVE FISH

Total S................................................. S S S S S 25

Single modes S........................................... S S S S S 25

Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S 25For~hire truck –................................................ – – – – – –Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 25

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –


Air (includes truck and air) –....................................... – – – – – –Pipeline2 –...................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier –............................. – – – – – –Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes –.............................. – – – – – –

SCTG 02, CEREAL GRAINS

Total 460................................................. 100.0 2 990 100.0 1 240 100.0 S

Single modes 454........................................... 98.7 2 957 98.9 1 210 97.6 S

Truck1 347........................................................ 75.5 2 228 74.5 497 40.0 SFor~hire truck 250................................................ 54.4 1 656 55.4 450 36.2 366Private truck 71................................................. 15.5 365 12.2 9 .7 S

Rail 107.......................................................... 23.3 728 24.4 713 57.5 1 042



Multiple modes S......................................... S S S S S 2 063

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 2 063Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S.............................. S S S S S 1 133



Table 6. Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity and Mode of Transportation forState of Origin: 1997mCon.








SCTG 03, OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

Total 1 206................................................. 100.0 1 909 100.0 S S S

Single modes 1 200........................................... 99.5 1 906 99.8 S S S

Truck1 1 152........................................................ 95.5 1 756 91.9 S S SFor~hire truck 736................................................ 61.1 S S S S 1 230Private truck 413................................................. 34.2 542 28.4 141 7.4 S

Rail 48.......................................................... 3.9 S S S S 2 243




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S – – 959Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 2 432Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S.............................. S S S S S 307

SCTG 04, ANIMAL FEED AND PRODUCTS OF ANIMALORIGIN, N.E.C.

Total 524................................................. 100.0 2 629 100.0 714 100.0 S

Single modes 519........................................... 99.0 2 614 99.4 711 99.5 S

Truck1 482........................................................ 91.9 2 369 90.1 405 56.7 SFor~hire truck 154................................................ 29.5 615 23.4 318 44.6 710Private truck 328................................................. 62.5 1 754 66.7 87 12.1 27

Rail 37.......................................................... 7.0 245 9.3 306 42.8 1 258



Multiple modes S......................................... S S S S S 607

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 607Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 05, MEAT, FISH, SEAFOOD, AND THEIRPREPARATIONS

Total S................................................. S S S S S 235


Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S 247For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 765Private truck 157................................................. 16.0 92 19.7 5 1.4 83

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –













SCTG 06, MILLED GRAIN PRODUCTS ANDPREPARATIONS, AND BAKERY PRODUCTS

Total 92................................................. 100.0 103 100.0 S S 136

Single modes 92........................................... 99.9 103 100.0 S S 141

Truck1 92........................................................ 99.9 103 100.0 S S 141For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 1 069Private truck 71................................................. 77.0 57 55.4 S S 107

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 07, OTHER PREPARED FOODSTUFFS AND FATSAND OILS

Total 2 841................................................. 100.0 3 360 100.0 3 123 100.0 S

Single modes 2 606........................................... 91.7 3 015 89.7 3 105 99.4 S

Truck1 2 100........................................................ 73.9 2 069 61.6 1 548 49.6 208For~hire truck 1 213................................................ 42.7 1 102 32.8 1 182 37.8 1 157Private truck 860................................................. 30.3 952 28.3 348 11.1 S

Rail 506.......................................................... 17.8 947 28.2 1 557 49.9 1 730




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 1 368Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 2 097Truck and water S............................................... S S S S S 3 160Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S.............................. S S S S S S

SCTG 08, ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

Total 197................................................. 100.0 228 100.0 S S 42

Single modes 196........................................... 99.9 228 99.9 S S 42

Truck1 182........................................................ 92.8 204 89.7 S S 39For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 85Private truck 181................................................. 92.1 204 89.4 S S 39

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 758
















SCTG 09, TOBACCO PRODUCTS

Total S................................................. S 1 100.0 – 100.0 63

Single modes S........................................... S 1 100.0 – 100.0 63

Truck1 S........................................................ S 1 100.0 – 100.0 63For~hire truck –................................................ – – – – – –Private truck S................................................. S 1 100.0 – 100.0 63

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 10, MONUMENTAL OR BUILDING STONE

Total S................................................. S S S S S 80



Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 11, NATURAL SANDS

Total S................................................. S S S S S S

Single modes S........................................... S S S S S S

Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S SFor~hire truck –................................................ – – – – – –Private truck S................................................. S S S S S S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –













SCTG 12, GRAVEL AND CRUSHED STONE

Total 40................................................. 100.0 9 178 100.0 237 100.0 S

Single modes 40........................................... 99.3 9 136 99.5 237 99.9 S

Truck1 40........................................................ 99.3 9 136 99.5 237 99.9 SFor~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S SPrivate truck 31................................................. 78.6 S S 162 68.3 S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 13, NONMETALLIC MINERALS N.E.C.

Total S................................................. S S S 158 100.0 453

Single modes S........................................... S S S 153 96.6 478

Truck1 20........................................................ 35.2 S S 93 58.6 471For~hire truck 13................................................ 23.4 S S S S 992Private truck 7................................................. 11.8 95 3.7 6 3.8 108

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S S




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 363Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 1 339Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 14, METALLIC ORES AND CONCENTRATES

Total 231................................................. 100.0 192 100.0 127 100.0 607

Single modes 162........................................... 69.9 165 86.0 70 54.8 436

Truck1 162........................................................ 69.9 165 86.0 70 54.8 432For~hire truck 159................................................ 68.6 165 86.0 70 54.8 497Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 36

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 54......................................... 23.5 S S S S 2 146

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 2 735Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 2 097Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –












SCTG 15, COAL

Total S................................................. S S S S S 7



Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 17, GASOLINE AND AVIATION TURBINE FUEL

Total 394................................................. 100.0 1 466 100.0 74 100.0 65

Single modes 394........................................... 100.0 1 466 100.0 74 100.0 65

Truck1 394........................................................ 100.0 1 466 100.0 74 100.0 65For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 18Private truck 321................................................. 81.5 1 285 87.7 71 95.3 70

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 18, FUEL OILS

Total 154................................................. 100.0 637 100.0 69 100.0 S

Single modes 154........................................... 100.0 637 100.0 69 100.0 S

Truck1 154........................................................ 100.0 637 100.0 69 100.0 SFor~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 84Private truck 152................................................. 99.1 634 99.5 S S S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –













SCTG 19, COAL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, N.E.C.

Total 221................................................. 100.0 743 100.0 S S 80

Single modes 221........................................... 99.9 743 100.0 S S 79

Truck1 221........................................................ 99.9 743 100.0 S S 79For~hire truck S................................................ S 168 22.6 S S 657Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 43

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –






SCTG 20, BASIC CHEMICALS

Total 562................................................. 100.0 583 100.0 572 100.0 S

Single modes 560........................................... 99.7 582 99.8 572 100.0 S

Truck1 82........................................................ 14.5 208 35.6 21 3.7 43For~hire truck S................................................ S S S 8 1.3 SPrivate truck 69................................................. 12.3 179 30.7 S S 38

Rail 478.......................................................... 85.1 374 64.2 551 96.3 1 494






SCTG 21, PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS

Total S................................................. S S S S S S


Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S 115For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S SPrivate truck S................................................. S S S S S 32

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 806
















SCTG 22, FERTILIZERS

Total 554................................................. 100.0 2 586 100.0 953 100.0 S

Single modes 554........................................... 100.0 2 586 100.0 953 100.0 S

Truck1 419........................................................ 75.7 1 974 76.3 384 40.3 80For~hire truck 188................................................ 34.0 1 021 39.5 355 37.3 360Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 24

Rail 135.......................................................... 24.3 612 23.7 568 59.7 925



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 23, CHEMICAL PRODUCTS ANDPREPARATIONS, N.E.C.

Total 605................................................. 100.0 101 100.0 13 100.0 S

Single modes 592........................................... 97.8 99 98.7 S S S

Truck1 592........................................................ 97.8 99 98.7 S S SFor~hire truck 109................................................ 18.0 S S S S 222Private truck 482................................................. 79.8 70 69.6 4 27.8 37

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S......................................... S S S – 1.0 S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S – 1.0 STruck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 24, PLASTICS AND RUBBER

Total 557................................................. 100.0 149 100.0 63 100.0 224

Single modes 412........................................... 73.9 143 96.2 60 95.9 107

Truck1 411........................................................ 73.7 143 96.2 60 95.9 102For~hire truck 157................................................ 28.1 53 35.5 43 67.9 SPrivate truck 254................................................. 45.5 S S S S 49

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –


Air (includes truck and air) S....................................... S S S S S 798Pipeline2 –...................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes 120......................................... 21.5 3 2.0 2 3.8 538

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 120............................. 21.5 3 2.0 2 3.8 538Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S.............................. S S S – .4 S











SCTG 25, LOGS AND OTHER WOOD IN THE ROUGH

Total S................................................. S S S S S S


Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S SFor~hire truck 16................................................ 5.9 S S 21 7.5 SPrivate truck S................................................. S S S S S 48

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 33






SCTG 26, WOOD PRODUCTS

Total 2 027................................................. 100.0 3 505 100.0 3 784 100.0 407

Single modes 1 919........................................... 94.7 3 337 95.2 3 734 98.7 437

Truck1 1 235........................................................ 60.9 1 904 54.3 1 230 32.5 343For~hire truck 983................................................ 48.5 1 498 42.7 1 074 28.4 870Private truck 252................................................. 12.4 406 11.6 157 4.1 121

Rail 684.......................................................... 33.7 1 433 40.9 2 503 66.2 1 738



Multiple modes 14......................................... .7 S S S S 1 193

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 1 170Truck and rail 11.................................................. .5 S S S S 2 432Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 93.............................. 4.6 158 4.5 23 .6 S

SCTG 27, PULP, NEWSPRINT, PAPER, ANDPAPERBOARD

Total 315................................................. 100.0 322 100.0 171 100.0 S

Single modes S........................................... S 145 45.1 89 52.3 S

Truck1 112........................................................ 35.4 121 37.4 57 33.4 SFor~hire truck 51................................................ 16.1 58 18.1 56 32.8 997Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 23

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 459




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S 128Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 494Truck and water S............................................... S S S S S 399Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –












SCTG 28, PAPER OR PAPERBOARD ARTICLES

Total 515................................................. 100.0 463 100.0 178 100.0 357

Single modes 453........................................... 87.9 404 87.2 149 84.0 122

Truck1 442........................................................ 85.8 396 85.6 140 78.9 118For~hire truck 320................................................ 62.2 259 56.0 135 76.0 478Private truck 122................................................. 23.6 S S S S S

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 935




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 3............................. .7 1 .1 S S 1 007Truck and rail S.................................................. S S S S S 780Truck and water S............................................... S S S S S 399Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 29, PRINTED PRODUCTS

Total 602................................................. 100.0 150 100.0 68 100.0 S

Single modes 452........................................... 75.2 137 91.2 58 86.2 S

Truck1 430........................................................ 71.4 135 89.7 S S SFor~hire truck S................................................ S 44 29.6 S S 433Private truck 199................................................. 33.0 90 60.1 3 5.1 45

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 2 196


Air (includes truck and air) 23....................................... 3.8 2 1.2 S S 1 784Pipeline2 –...................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes 125......................................... 20.8 S S 8 11.9 S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 125............................. 20.8 S S 8 11.8 STruck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water S............................................... S S S S S 3 263Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 30, TEXTILES, LEATHER, AND ARTICLES OFTEXTILES OR LEATHER

Total S................................................. S 18 100.0 S S 1 550

Single modes 45........................................... 5.3 8 43.9 3 16.1 S

Truck1 45........................................................ 5.3 8 43.8 3 16.0 SFor~hire truck 25................................................ 2.9 S S 2 13.7 1 576Private truck 20................................................. 2.4 4 24.4 S S 44

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –
















SCTG 31, NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCTS

Total 273................................................. 100.0 4 325 100.0 189 100.0 725

Single modes 249........................................... 91.3 4 295 99.3 179 94.6 41

Truck1 241........................................................ 88.3 4 192 96.9 158 83.5 40For~hire truck S................................................ S 94 2.2 9 4.7 151Private truck 185................................................. 67.6 4 098 94.8 149 78.8 34

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 227






SCTG 32, BASE METAL IN PRIMARY OR SEMIFINISHEDFORMS AND IN FINISHED BASIC SHAPES

Total 169................................................. 100.0 185 100.0 44 100.0 S

Single modes 158........................................... 93.3 177 95.5 43 99.4 S

Truck1 155........................................................ 91.6 160 86.5 S S SFor~hire truck 82................................................ 48.6 103 55.7 8 19.4 377Private truck 62................................................. 36.5 52 28.1 2 5.0 S

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 961



Multiple modes S......................................... S S S – .2 225

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S – .2 225Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 33, ARTICLES OF BASE METAL

Total 403................................................. 100.0 145 100.0 S S 231

Single modes 354........................................... 87.7 135 93.0 S S 183

Truck1 354........................................................ 87.7 135 93.0 S S 183For~hire truck 169................................................ 41.9 70 47.9 S S 900Private truck 185................................................. 45.8 66 45.1 7 10.9 46

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –
















SCTG 34, MACHINERY

Total 905................................................. 100.0 98 100.0 27 100.0 S

Single modes 744........................................... 82.2 94 96.0 26 95.1 S

Truck1 725........................................................ 80.1 94 95.7 25 94.4 SFor~hire truck 406................................................ 44.8 S S 11 40.3 621Private truck 319................................................. 35.3 54 55.0 S S S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 68......................................... 7.5 2 1.8 1 2.4 234



SCTG 35, ELECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRICALEQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS AND OFFICEEQUIPMENT

Total S................................................. S 120 100.0 S S 1 001

Single modes 2 726........................................... 34.6 71 59.5 S S 626

Truck1 1 283........................................................ 16.3 63 52.7 13 15.6 83For~hire truck 459................................................ 5.8 S S S S 560Private truck 824................................................. 10.4 41 34.0 S S 28

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –





Other and unknown modes S.............................. S 16 13.8 S S S

SCTG 36, MOTORIZED AND OTHER VEHICLES(INCLUDING PARTS)

Total 412................................................. 100.0 107 100.0 51 100.0 235

Single modes 269........................................... 65.2 91 85.2 41 80.0 101

Truck1 269........................................................ 65.2 91 85.2 41 80.0 101For~hire truck 114................................................ 27.7 50 46.5 26 51.1 651Private truck 154................................................. 37.4 41 38.3 15 28.7 S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 35......................................... 8.5 2 2.2 1 2.4 536













SCTG 37, TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, N.E.C.

Total S................................................. S S S S S 1 225


Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S 591For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 980Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 12

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –






SCTG 38, PRECISION INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS

Total 44................................................. 100.0 1 100.0 – 100.0 S

Single modes 18........................................... 40.0 S S S S S

Truck1 16........................................................ 37.0 S S S S 85For~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 233Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 40

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 26......................................... 58.3 – 55.7 S S 663

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 26............................. 58.3 – 55.7 S S 663Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 39, FURNITURE, MATTRESSES AND MATTRESSSUPPORTS, LAMPS, LIGHTING FITTINGS, ANDILLUMINATED SIGNS

Total 167................................................. 100.0 25 100.0 11 100.0 S

Single modes 153........................................... 91.7 23 90.4 10 94.3 S

Truck1 153........................................................ 91.6 23 90.4 10 94.3 SFor~hire truck 78................................................ 46.5 7 28.5 7 60.1 683Private truck 75................................................. 45.1 16 61.9 S S 43

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S......................................... S S S S S S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S S S S S STruck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –












SCTG 40, MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTUREDPRODUCTS

Total 856................................................. 100.0 176 100.0 86 100.0 942

Single modes 530........................................... 61.8 171 96.9 81 94.0 S

Truck1 518........................................................ 60.5 171 96.9 81 93.8 SFor~hire truck 340................................................ 39.7 127 72.2 67 77.7 1 058Private truck 176................................................. 20.5 43 24.2 14 15.7 S

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S......................................... S 5 2.7 5 5.9 1 178

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S 5 2.7 5 5.9 1 178Truck and rail –.................................................. – – – – – –Truck and water –............................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –................................................. – – – – – –Other multiple modes –........................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 4.............................. .5 S S S S 283

SCTG 41, WASTE AND SCRAP

Total 41................................................. 100.0 144 100.0 59 100.0 405

Single modes 39........................................... 96.1 143 99.0 59 99.9 410

Truck1 36........................................................ 88.4 87 60.4 38 64.6 419For~hire truck 36................................................ 87.3 82 57.1 37 61.6 440Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 192

Rail 3.......................................................... 7.7 56 38.7 21 35.4 377



Multiple modes –......................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 43, MIXED FREIGHT

Total S................................................. S S S S S S


Truck1 S........................................................ S S S S S SFor~hire truck S................................................ S S S S S 1 283Private truck S................................................. S S S S S 139

Rail –.......................................................... – – – – – –
















COMMODITY UNKNOWN

Total 257................................................. 100.0 S S S S 560

Single modes 189........................................... 73.2 S S S S S

Truck1 140........................................................ 54.2 S S S S SFor~hire truck 78................................................ 30.4 S S S S 717Private truck 61................................................. 23.9 S S S S S

Rail S.......................................................... S S S S S 1 656








1"Truck" as a single mode includes shipments which went by private truck only, for~hire truck only, or a combination of private truck and for~hire truck.2CFS data for pipeline exclude most shipments of crude oil. See "About the Data" section for details of CFS coverage.

Note: Data exclude shipments of SCTG 16, Crude Petroleum. See the section "Industry Coverage" for additional information.


Table 7. Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination for State of Origin: 1997[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

State of destination





Total 26 188...................................................... 100.0 47 764 100.0 15 164 100.0

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut 107........................................................ .4 32 – 88 .6Maine S............................................................. S S S S SMassachusetts 403..................................................... 1.5 159 .3 441 2.9New Hampshire 25.................................................... – S S S SRhode Island S....................................................... S S S S SVermont S........................................................... S S S S S

MIDDLE ATLANTIC STATES

New Jersey S........................................................ S 82 .2 210 1.4New York S.......................................................... S 216 .5 526 3.5Pennsylvania 473....................................................... 1.8 235 .5 553 3.6

EAST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Illinois 568............................................................. 2.2 635 1.3 1 091 7.2Indiana 129............................................................ .5 100 .2 184 1.2Michigan 450........................................................... 1.7 309 .6 615 4.1Ohio 317.............................................................. 1.2 298 .6 611 4.0Wisconsin 289......................................................... 1.1 203 .4 347 2.3

WEST NORTH CENTRAL STATES

Iowa 84.............................................................. .3 103 .2 143 .9Kansas 235............................................................ .9 194 .4 252 1.7Minnesota S......................................................... S 150 .3 212 1.4Missouri 202........................................................... .8 119 .2 187 1.2Nebraska 144.......................................................... .5 133 .3 146 1.0North Dakota S....................................................... S 56 .1 52 .3South Dakota S...................................................... S 15 – 20 .1

SOUTH ATLANTIC STATES

Delaware S.......................................................... S S S S SDistrict of Columbia S................................................. S S S S SFlorida S............................................................ S 108 .2 303 2.0Georgia 286........................................................... 1.1 180 .4 395 2.6Maryland S.......................................................... S 37 – 94 .6North Carolina S...................................................... S 50 .1 122 .8South Carolina 139..................................................... .5 50 .1 122 .8Virginia 193............................................................ .7 70 .1 171 1.1West Virginia 29....................................................... .1 18 – 39 .3

EAST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Alabama S........................................................... S 48 .1 112 .7Kentucky 60.......................................................... .2 30 – 59 .4Mississippi 17......................................................... – 16 – 32 .2Tennessee 229......................................................... .9 255 .5 493 3.3

WEST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES

Arkansas 40.......................................................... .2 24 – 43 .3Louisiana 127.......................................................... .5 112 .2 236 1.6Oklahoma S......................................................... S S S S STexas 646............................................................. 2.5 442 .9 780 5.1

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona 453............................................................ 1.7 320 .7 412 2.7Colorado 665.......................................................... 2.5 762 1.6 731 4.8Idaho 8 009.............................................................. 30.6 33 718 70.6 1 432 9.4Montana 408........................................................... 1.6 725 1.5 294 1.9Nevada 497............................................................ 1.9 285 .6 153 1.0New Mexico S........................................................ S 16 – 22 .1Utah 1 180.............................................................. 4.5 1 487 3.1 426 2.8Wyoming 142.......................................................... .5 263 .6 52 .3

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska 6............................................................. – S S S SCalifornia 2 414.......................................................... 9.2 1 141 2.4 1 070 7.1Hawaii S............................................................. S S S S SOregon 1 446............................................................ 5.5 2 067 4.3 739 4.9Washington 2 035........................................................ 7.8 2 431 5.1 1 020 6.7




Table 8. Inbound Shipment Characteristics by State of Origin for State of Destination: 1997[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text. Detail may not add to total because of rounding]

State of origin





Total 21 626...................................................... 100.0 45 566 100.0 8 751 100.0

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut 39........................................................ .2 S S S SMaine 3............................................................. – – – – –Massachusetts 207..................................................... 1.0 7 – 20 .2New Hampshire S.................................................... S S S S SRhode Island 1....................................................... – S S S SVermont S........................................................... S S S S S


New Jersey 107........................................................ .5 11 – 27 .3New York 299.......................................................... 1.4 16 – 40 .5Pennsylvania 128....................................................... .6 45 .1 102 1.2


Illinois 381............................................................. 1.8 S S S SIndiana 187............................................................ .9 39 – 70 .8Michigan 189........................................................... .9 47 .1 93 1.1Ohio 234.............................................................. 1.1 40 – 80 .9Wisconsin 278......................................................... 1.3 57 .1 94 1.1


Iowa 219.............................................................. 1.0 159 .3 206 2.4Kansas 110............................................................ .5 47 .1 55 .6Minnesota 317......................................................... 1.5 52 .1 71 .8Missouri 161........................................................... .7 S S S SNebraska 166.......................................................... .8 S S S SNorth Dakota S....................................................... S S S S SSouth Dakota 48...................................................... .2 7 – 8 .1


Delaware S.......................................................... S S S S SDistrict of Columbia –................................................. – – – – –Florida 111............................................................ .5 14 – 36 .4Georgia 185........................................................... .9 98 .2 232 2.7Maryland S.......................................................... S – – 1 –North Carolina 135...................................................... .6 31 – 75 .9South Carolina 49..................................................... .2 4 – 10 .1Virginia 83............................................................ .4 12 – 28 .3West Virginia S....................................................... S S S S S


Alabama 109........................................................... .5 91 .2 235 2.7Kentucky S.......................................................... S 22 – 43 .5Mississippi 29......................................................... .1 S S S STennessee 93......................................................... .4 17 – 31 .4


Arkansas 63.......................................................... .3 38 – 68 .8Louisiana 29.......................................................... .1 93 .2 190 2.2Oklahoma 32......................................................... .1 45 .1 60 .7Texas 299............................................................. 1.4 S S S S

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona S............................................................ S S S S SColorado 526.......................................................... 2.4 381 .8 310 3.5Idaho 8 009.............................................................. 37.0 33 718 74.0 1 432 16.4Montana 239........................................................... 1.1 1 693 3.7 828 9.5Nevada 179............................................................ .8 167 .4 143 1.6New Mexico S........................................................ S S S S SUtah 1 552.............................................................. 7.2 1 213 2.7 314 3.6Wyoming 116.......................................................... .5 1 605 3.5 472 5.4

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska S............................................................. S S S S SCalifornia 2 018.......................................................... 9.3 625 1.4 525 6.0Hawaii S............................................................. S S S S SOregon 1 487............................................................ 6.9 1 377 3.0 479 5.5Washington 2 136........................................................ 9.9 2 483 5.4 678 7.7




Appendix A.Comparability With the 1993 Commodity Flow Survey

The Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) restores a data pro-gram on commodity flows that the Census Bureau con-ducted as a part of its 5-year economic census programfrom 1963 through 1977. The CFS was first conducted in

1993. For the 1997 CFS, the Census Bureau incorporatedimprovements identified from the evaluation of previoussurveys and additional research. The following tableshows a comparison of the 1993 and 1997 surveys.

Item 1993 1997

1. Industry coverage Manufacturers (minor exceptions) Manufacturers (minor exceptions)

Mining (except mining services and oil andgas extraction)

Mining (except mining services)

All wholesale All wholesale

Video tape distributers

Catalog mail-order houses Catalog mail-order houses

Auxiliaries (e.g., warehouses) Auxiliaries (e.g., warehouses)

2. Commodity classificationsystem

Standard Transportation CommodityClassification (STCC), developed bythe American Association of Railroads (AAR).

Standard Classification of Transported Goods(SCTG).

3. Sample size Approximately 200,000 establishments wereselected from a universe of about 800,000in-scope establishments on the 1992Standard Statistical Establishment List (SSEL).

Approximately 100,000 establishments wereselected from a universe of about 800,000in-scope establishments on the 1995Standard Statistical Establishment List (SSEL).

4. Survey methodology Respondents took a sample of theirindividual outbound shipments for a 2-weekperiod during each of the four calendarquarters of 1993.

Respondents took a sample of their individualoutbound shipments for a 1-week periodduring each of the four calendar quarters of1997.

Respondents reported key characteristics foreach sampled shipment.

Respondents reported key characteristics foreach sampled shipment.

5. Reported mode oftransportation

Rail Rail

For-hire truck For-hire truck

Private truck Private truck

Air Air

Inland water and/or Great Lakes Shallow draft vessel

Deep sea water Deep draft vessel

Pipeline Pipeline

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier Parcel, U.S. Postal Service, or courier

Other Other

Unknown Unknown

APPENDIX A A–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Item 1993 1997

6. Data items requested onquestionnaire

For each shipment: For each shipment:

Total value Total value

Total weight Total weight

Major commodity (STCC) Major commodity (SCTG)

All modes of transportation All modes of transportation

Multiple origins (respondents specificallyrequested to report all shipment origins forthe sampled establishment and report theappropriate origin for each shipment; assumedto always be the mailing address if no otherorigins listed).

Single origin (assumed to be the mailingaddress unless the respondent provided adifferent physical location address).

Destination Destination

Containerized (Y/N) Containerized (Y/N)

Hazardous material (Y/N) Hazardous material (UN/NA codes)

Export (Y/N) Export (Y/N)

If export, mode of export, foreign country,andcity of destination.

If export, mode of export, foreign country,andcity of destination.

A–2 APPENDIX A TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Appendix B.Reliability of the Estimates

An estimate based on a sample survey potentially con-tains two types of errors—sampling and nonsampling.Sampling error occurs because characteristics differamong sampling units and because only a subset of theentire population is measured in a sample survey. Non-sampling error encompasses all other factors that contrib-ute to the total error of a sample survey estimate. Theaccuracy of a survey result may be affected by these twotypes of errors.

Sampling and nonsampling errors are often measuredby the quantities, bias and variance. The bias of an esti-mator of an unknown population value is the difference,averaged over all possible samples of the same size anddesign, between the estimator and the unknown popula-tion value. Any systematic error, or inaccuracy that affectsall samples of a specified design in a similar way, may biasthe resulting estimates. Variance is the squared difference,averaged over all possible samples of the same size anddesign, between an estimator and its average value.Descriptions of sampling and nonsampling errors for the1997 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) are provided in thefollowing sections.

SAMPLING ERROR

Because the estimates are based on a sample, exactagreement with the results that would be obtained from acomplete enumeration of all the shipments made in 1997from all establishments included on the CFS samplingframe is not expected. However, because probability sam-pling was used at each stage of selection, it is possible toestimate the sampling variability of the survey estimates.For CFS estimates, sampling variability arises from each ofthe three stages of sampling. (See Appendix C for adescription of the sample design.)

The particular sample used in this survey is one of alarge number of samples of the same size and design thatcould have been selected. If all possible samples had beensurveyed, under the same conditions, an estimate of anunknown population value could have been obtained fromeach sample. The estimates obtained from these samplesgive rise to a distribution of estimates for the unknownpopulation value. A statistical measure of the variabilityamong these estimates is the standard error, which can beapproximated from any one sample. The coefficient ofvariation (or relative standard error) of an estimate is thestandard error of the estimate divided by the estimate.Measures of sampling variability, such as the standarderror or coefficient of variation, are estimated from the

sample and are also subject to sampling variability. (Tech-nically, we should refer to the estimated standard error orthe estimated coefficient of variation of an estimator. How-ever, we have omitted this detail for the sake of brevity.) Itis important to note that the standard error and coefficientof variation only measure sampling variability. They donot measure any biases in the estimates. All coefficients ofvariation are expressed as percents. Standard errors forthe corresponding percentage estimates are also provided.

An estimate of an unknown population value and itsapproximate standard error can be used to construct aconfidence interval. A confidence interval is a range abouta given estimator that has a specified probability, or confi-dence, of containing the unknown population value. If, foreach possible sample, an estimate of an unknown popula-tion value and the estimate’s approximate standard errorwere obtained, then:

1. For approximately 90 percent of the possible samples,the interval from 1.65 standard errors below to 1.65standard errors above the estimate would include theunknown population value.

2. For approximately 95 percent of the possible samples,the interval from two standard errors below to twostandard errors above the estimate would include theunknown population value.

NONSAMPLING ERROR

Nonsampling error encompasses all other factors thatcontribute to the total error of a sample survey estimateand may also occur in censuses. It is often helpful to thinkof nonsampling error as arising from deficiencies or mis-takes in the survey process. In the CFS, nonsampling errorcan be attributed to many sources: (1) nonresponse, (2)response errors, (3) differences in the interpretation of thequestions, (4) mistakes in coding or keying the dataobtained, and (5) other errors of collection, response, cov-erage, and processing. Although no direct measurement ofthe potential biases because of nonsampling error hasbeen obtained, precautionary steps were taken in allphases of the collection, processing, and tabulation of thedata in an effort to minimize its influence.

A potentially large source of bias in the estimates is dueto nonresponse. Nonresponse is defined as the inability toobtain all the intended measurements or responses fromall the selected establishments. Four levels of nonre-sponse can occur in the CFS: item, shipment, quarter(reporting week), and establishment. Item nonresponse

APPENDIX B B–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


occurs either when a question is unanswered or theresponse to the question fails computer or analyst edits.Item nonresponse is corrected by imputation. (Imputationis the procedure by which a missing value is replaced by apredicted value obtained from an appropriate model.)Shipment, quarter, and establishment nonresponse areused to describe the inability to obtain sufficient informa-tion about a sampled shipment, quarter, or establishment,respectively, that prevents it from contributing to tabula-tions. Shipment and quarter nonresponse are correctedduring the estimation procedure by reweighting.Reweighting allocates characteristics to the nonrespon-dents in proportion to the characteristics observed for therespondents. The amount of bias introduced by this non-response adjustment procedure depends on the extent towhich the nonrespondents differ, characteristically, fromthe respondents. Establishment nonresponse is correctedduring the estimation procedure by the SIC-level adjust-ment weight. (See Appendix C for a description of the esti-mation procedure.) In most cases of establishment nonre-sponse, none of the four questionnaires have been

returned to the Census Bureau, after several attempts toelicit a response. Approximately 67 percent of thesampled establishments provided at least one quarter ofdata that contributed to tabulations.

Some possible sources of bias that are attributed torespondent-conducted sampling include misunderstandingthe definition of a shipment, constructing an incompleteframe of shipments from which to sample, ordering theshipment sampling frame by selected shipment character-istics, and selecting shipment records by a method otherthan the one specified in the questionnaire’s instructions.We often contacted respondents who reported shipmentshaving atypically large value or weight when compared tothe rest of their reported shipments. Upon contact, if weare able to collect information on all of a given respon-dent’s large shipments made either for a particular report-ing week or for the entire quarter, then we identify theselarge shipments as certainty shipments. (See Appendix Cfor a description of how certainty shipments are used inthe estimation process.)

B–2 APPENDIX B TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Table B–1a. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation forState of Origin: 1997

[For explanation of terms and meaning of abbreviations and symbols, see introductory text]



Coefficient ofvariation of

numberStandard errorof percentage





Average milesper shipmentm

coefficient ofvariation

All modes 18.3...................................................... – 13.8 – 8.3 – 25.7

Single modes 8.8..................................................... 5.2 14.3 .7 8.7 .7 27.8

Truck 7.8................................................................... 5.2 18.4 5.3 12.6 4.2 13.3For~hire truck 13.9.......................................................... 3.6 13.3 4.0 15.2 3.8 12.6Private truck 9.1........................................................... 3.4 24.3 6.3 10.0 1.4 11.1

Rail 7.3.................................................................... 1.9 30.5 4.9 10.7 4.0 4.3


Air (includes truck and air) S................................................. S S S S S 8.7Pipeline –................................................................. – – – S S S

Multiple modes 46.2................................................... 4.9 29.5 .3 30.3 .7 17.9

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 48.1....................................... 5.0 38.2 – S S 18.0Truck and rail 42.3............................................................ .5 44.3 .2 44.3 .6 36.1Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 35.5Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 29.3........................................ .8 23.8 .5 27.3 .2 22.3

– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.D Denotes figures withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual companies.S Data do not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or other reasons.

Note: For description of development and uses of measures of reliability, see Appendix B, Reliability of the Estimates.

Table B–1b. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation forState of Origin: 1997 and 1993



Value Tons Ton~miles Average miles per shipment

Coefficient of variation ofnumber



Coefficient ofvariation

1997 1993

Standarderror ofpercentchange 1997 1993



Standarderror ofpercentchange

All modes 18.3................. 7.1 31.1 13.8 6.1 14.8 8.3 8.8 9.7 25.7 13.0 42.9

Single modes 8.8................ 7.0 14.1 14.3 6.3 15.2 8.7 9.2 10.2 27.8 14.1 33.9

Truck 7.8.............................. 9.3 15.3 18.4 10.7 26.4 12.6 7.0 14.1 13.3 14.7 13.9For~hire truck 13.9..................... 12.9 19.8 13.3 15.6 13.7 15.2 5.4 16.1 12.6 9.8 23.3Private truck 9.1..................... 6.1 17.5 24.3 14.5 51.7 10.0 16.6 17.0 11.1 16.5 13.8

Rail 7.3............................... 11.9 10.8 30.5 22.1 16.8 10.7 11.9 10.6 4.3 8.0 10.8

Water –............................. S S – S S – S S – 31.2 –Shallow draft –..................... S S – S S – S S – 31.6 –Great Lakes –...................... – – – – – – – – – – –Deep draft –....................... S S – S S – S S – 31.6 –

Air (includes truck and air) S........... 49.1 S S 27.9 S S 27.2 S 8.7 4.9 10.5Pipeline –........................... – – – – – S S S S S S

Multiple modes 46.2.............. 14.6 280.4 29.5 17.2 88.4 30.3 31.1 65.7 17.9 11.4 26.9

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 48.1. 17.2 306.2 38.2 28.4 95.4 S 27.8 S 18.0 11.5 27.0Truck and rail 42.3...................... S S 44.3 33.4 161.7 44.3 42.8 73.8 36.1 14.8 15.4Truck and water S.................... 31.8 S S 45.2 S S 36.8 S 35.5 24.0 39.8Rail and water –...................... S S – S S – S S – 31.6 –Other multiple modes –............... – – – – – – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 29.3... S S 23.8 33.1 54.0 27.3 44.4 17.2 22.3 S S



TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEY IDAHO APPENDIX B B–3U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Dec. 9, 1999

Table B–1c. Standard Error of Percentage for Shipment Characteristics by Mode ofTransportation for State of Origin: Percent of Total for 1997 and 1993


Mode of transportationValue (percent) Tons (percent) Ton~miles (percent)

1997 1993 1997 1993 1997 1993

All modes –................................................. – – – – –

Single modes 5.2................................................ 2.6 .7 .5 .7 .8

Truck 5.2.............................................................. 3.1 5.3 5.8 4.2 1.9For~hire truck 3.6..................................................... 2.6 4.0 4.6 3.8 1.7Private truck 3.4..................................................... 1.9 6.3 4.2 1.4 1.1

Rail 1.9............................................................... 2.3 4.9 5.9 4.0 2.0

Water –............................................................. S – S – SShallow draft –..................................................... S – S – SGreat Lakes –...................................................... – – – – –Deep draft –....................................................... S – S – S

Air (includes truck and air) S........................................... .7 S – S –Pipeline –........................................................... – – – S S

Multiple modes 4.9.............................................. .9 .3 – .7 .4

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 5.0................................. 1.0 – – S –Truck and rail .5...................................................... S .2 – .6 .4Truck and water S.................................................... – S – S –Rail and water –...................................................... S – S – SOther multiple modes –............................................... – – – – –

Other and unknown modes .8................................... S .5 .5 .2 .8



Table B–2. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Total Modal Activity for theState of Origin: 1997



Ton~miles





Total 8.3................................................... – 25.4

Truck 12.5......................................................... 4.1 11.7Rail 10.4.......................................................... 4.1 6.2Shallow draft S.................................................. S 27.9Great Lakes –................................................... – –Deep draft S.................................................... S 29.8

Air S........................................................... S 9.2Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S............................. S 18.0Pipeline S....................................................... S SOther and unknown modes 27.3...................................... .2 22.3



B–4 APPENDIX B IDAHO TRANSPORTATIONmCOMMODITY FLOW SURVEYU.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census Dec. 9, 1999

Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andDistance Shipped for State of Origin: 1997




Coefficient ofvariation of number

Standard error ofpercentage





All modes 18.3....................................... – 13.8 – 8.3 –

Less than 50 miles 11.5.......................................... 2.8 22.7 5.6 29.0 1.250 to 99 miles 24.8.............................................. 1.7 27.6 1.5 26.3 .7100 to 249 miles 12.3............................................ 1.4 18.0 2.0 20.6 1.4250 to 499 miles 19.5............................................ 1.3 14.0 1.6 13.0 1.5500 to 749 miles 26.4............................................ 1.6 11.0 1.2 10.6 1.4

750 to 999 miles 17.4............................................ .8 10.9 .5 11.3 .81,000 to 1,499 miles 17.9........................................ .5 14.6 1.1 15.2 1.81,500 to 1,999 miles 22.7........................................ .8 16.2 .8 15.5 1.52,000 miles or more S......................................... S 19.5 .3 19.1 1.4

Single modes 8.8...................................... – 14.3 – 8.7 –

Less than 50 miles 11.6.......................................... 2.7 23.3 5.7 29.6 1.250 to 99 miles 25.8.............................................. 2.0 27.6 1.5 26.3 .7100 to 249 miles 13.0............................................ 1.3 18.0 2.0 20.6 1.4250 to 499 miles 16.2............................................ 1.4 13.7 1.6 12.8 1.4500 to 749 miles 13.5............................................ 1.1 10.9 1.2 10.5 1.3

750 to 999 miles 17.4............................................ .7 11.0 .5 11.4 .91,000 to 1,499 miles 8.2........................................ .6 15.1 1.2 15.6 1.81,500 to 1,999 miles 16.3........................................ .9 16.5 .8 15.8 1.42,000 miles or more 36.0......................................... 1.1 20.2 .3 19.9 1.3

Truck 7.8............................................... – 18.4 – 12.6 –

Less than 50 miles 11.8.......................................... 3.2 26.2 5.2 32.8 1.950 to 99 miles 25.8.............................................. 2.4 27.8 2.3 26.5 1.4100 to 249 miles 14.0............................................ 1.5 20.4 2.2 23.5 2.5250 to 499 miles 17.1............................................ 1.3 13.2 2.1 12.1 2.8500 to 749 miles 14.4............................................ 1.1 14.8 .5 14.6 .9

750 to 999 miles 22.8............................................ .8 20.6 .3 20.7 .71,000 to 1,499 miles 14.7........................................ .9 23.7 .8 24.5 2.21,500 to 1,999 miles 18.4........................................ .8 20.4 .4 20.0 1.52,000 miles or more 23.6......................................... .7 26.9 .2 27.0 1.7

For~hire truck 13.9........................................ – 13.3 – 15.2 –

Less than 50 miles 11.7.......................................... 1.4 44.3 6.3 46.8 1.650 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 26.8 1.6 28.4 .4100 to 249 miles 21.3............................................ 1.7 30.1 4.7 34.1 3.1250 to 499 miles 21.3............................................ 1.4 18.0 4.2 17.1 3.7500 to 749 miles 16.0............................................ 1.7 16.2 1.3 15.8 1.1

750 to 999 miles 23.6............................................ 2.1 22.6 .8 22.7 1.01,000 to 1,499 miles 12.7........................................ 1.3 27.3 2.0 28.3 2.31,500 to 1,999 miles 18.7........................................ 1.2 22.7 1.1 22.3 1.82,000 miles or more 24.8......................................... 1.2 29.1 .7 29.2 2.3

Private truck 9.1........................................ – 24.3 – 10.0 –

Less than 50 miles 13.0.......................................... 3.5 29.7 4.7 37.8 6.750 to 99 miles 19.4.............................................. 2.3 32.7 2.8 31.1 3.4100 to 249 miles 19.8............................................ 1.9 19.3 1.6 21.1 2.7250 to 499 miles 19.9............................................ 1.0 31.6 1.3 30.1 4.4500 to 749 miles 34.1............................................ .6 20.9 .2 20.8 .9

750 to 999 miles 47.8............................................ .5 33.3 – 32.5 .61,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S 30.7 .2 30.7 3.81,500 to 1,999 miles 22.4........................................ .3 20.5 .1 20.8 1.72,000 miles or more 30.4......................................... .1 20.9 – 20.6 1.0

Rail 7.3................................................. – 30.5 – 10.7 –

Less than 50 miles S.......................................... S S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles 26.2............................................ 1.8 27.2 2.5 21.1 .4250 to 499 miles 23.0............................................ 1.7 28.7 3.8 28.9 1.7500 to 749 miles 23.8............................................ 3.0 22.3 4.6 20.3 2.3

750 to 999 miles 12.7............................................ 1.8 16.9 2.0 17.5 1.61,000 to 1,499 miles 13.0........................................ 2.5 13.5 2.9 13.9 1.91,500 to 1,999 miles 11.2........................................ 2.3 16.2 2.9 15.5 2.32,000 miles or more 21.9......................................... 1.4 24.1 1.3 23.5 1.9

Water –............................................... – – – – –



Shallow draft –........................................ – – – – –





Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andDistance Shipped for State of Origin: 1997mCon.










Single modesmCon.

Great Lakes –......................................... – – – – –



Deep draft –........................................... – – – – –



Air (includes truck and air) S........................... S S S S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles S............................................ S S S S S250 to 499 miles 39.3............................................ 10.5 S S S S500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S S S S S1,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S 46.2 8.4 47.7 9.02,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Pipeline –............................................. – – – S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – S S50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – S S100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – S S250 to 499 miles –............................................ – – – S S500 to 749 miles –............................................ – – – S S

750 to 999 miles –............................................ – – – S S1,000 to 1,499 miles –........................................ – – – S S1,500 to 1,999 miles –........................................ – – – S S2,000 miles or more –......................................... – – – S S

Multiple modes 46.2.................................... – 29.5 – 30.3 –

Less than 50 miles 45.1.......................................... 2.8 S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 47.3 1.0 46.4 .3100 to 249 miles 23.9............................................ 2.1 19.2 4.5 19.5 1.2250 to 499 miles 32.8............................................ 5.8 36.0 13.1 36.6 9.2500 to 749 miles S............................................ S 31.0 1.0 31.0 1.2

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S 36.6 1.3 37.2 1.61,000 to 1,499 miles 31.4........................................ 2.4 40.2 5.7 42.5 7.01,500 to 1,999 miles 45.7........................................ 3.7 30.8 4.3 30.8 5.42,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 48.1................. – 38.2 – S S

Less than 50 miles 45.1.......................................... 3.3 S S S S50 to 99 miles S.............................................. S 47.3 1.3 46.4 .3100 to 249 miles 23.9............................................ 2.2 19.2 4.4 19.5 1.2250 to 499 miles 38.4............................................ 4.2 S S S S500 to 749 miles S............................................ S 42.2 .9 42.6 1.0

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S 38.7 1.3 39.4 1.51,000 to 1,499 miles 32.3........................................ 2.9 25.7 2.8 26.5 4.91,500 to 1,999 miles 47.2........................................ 4.0 S S S S2,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Truck and rail 42.3....................................... – 44.3 – 44.3 –

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – – –100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – – –250 to 499 miles 46.8............................................ 13.9 47.3 14.8 46.5 11.1500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S S S S S1,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S 42.6 14.1 43.3 12.82,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S

Truck and water S..................................... S S S S S

Less than 50 miles –.......................................... – – – – –50 to 99 miles –.............................................. – – – – –100 to 249 miles –............................................ – – – – –250 to 499 miles S............................................ S S S S S500 to 749 miles –............................................ – – – – –

750 to 999 miles –............................................ – – – – –1,000 to 1,499 miles –........................................ – – – – –1,500 to 1,999 miles –........................................ – – – – –2,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S



Table B–3. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andDistance Shipped for State of Origin: 1997mCon.










Multiple modesmCon.

Rail and water –....................................... – – – – –



Other multiple modes –................................ – – – – –



Other and unknown modes 29.3......................... – 23.8 – 27.3 –

Less than 50 miles 29.3.......................................... 9.2 31.6 9.0 38.4 5.750 to 99 miles S.............................................. S S S S S100 to 249 miles 40.3............................................ 2.7 32.1 4.9 33.2 3.9250 to 499 miles 33.4............................................ 3.5 36.6 2.7 36.3 10.4500 to 749 miles S............................................ S S S S S

750 to 999 miles S............................................ S S S S S1,000 to 1,499 miles S........................................ S 44.0 .7 43.7 4.61,500 to 1,999 miles S........................................ S 41.1 – 41.7 2.52,000 miles or more S......................................... S S S S S




Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andShipment Size for State of Origin: 1997












All modes 18.3.................................................... – 13.8 – 8.3 – 25.7

Less than 50 lb 45.1.......................................................... 3.8 22.3 – 47.5 .2 25.350 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S 26.3 – S S 29.5100 to 499 lb 30.8............................................................ 2.2 22.3 .2 30.2 .1 15.3500 to 749 lb 30.7............................................................ .5 18.3 – 17.6 – 14.2750 to 999 lb 25.0............................................................ .2 21.3 – 23.0 – 25.0

1,000 to 9,999 lb 11.0......................................................... 1.4 15.8 .9 24.0 .6 14.810,000 to 49,999 lb 12.4....................................................... 3.2 21.5 5.4 17.0 3.9 20.150,000 to 99,999 lb 9.6....................................................... 1.5 33.4 5.9 8.4 1.6 29.4100,000 lb or more 7.2....................................................... 1.9 26.2 5.4 10.9 4.3 7.5

Single modes 8.8................................................... – 14.3 – 8.7 – 27.8

Less than 50 lb 40.8.......................................................... 2.6 30.2 – S S 45.550 to 99 lb 24.3.............................................................. .4 24.4 – 35.5 – 45.3100 to 499 lb 21.7............................................................ 1.6 22.5 .2 21.6 – 21.9500 to 749 lb 20.2............................................................ .2 19.1 – 19.7 – 14.3750 to 999 lb 20.6............................................................ .3 21.9 – 23.6 – 25.0

1,000 to 9,999 lb 11.1......................................................... 1.1 16.3 1.0 24.0 .6 14.910,000 to 49,999 lb 13.1....................................................... 3.2 22.1 5.5 17.8 4.0 21.050,000 to 99,999 lb 9.3....................................................... 1.6 33.7 5.9 9.0 1.6 30.1100,000 lb or more 5.9....................................................... 1.5 26.1 5.4 11.0 4.4 7.7

Truck 7.8............................................................ – 18.4 – 12.6 – 13.3

Less than 50 lb 17.9.......................................................... 1.1 33.4 .1 28.1 – 18.350 to 99 lb 25.3.............................................................. .6 24.6 – 37.7 – 43.5100 to 499 lb 19.8............................................................ 1.5 22.6 .2 22.0 .1 22.5500 to 749 lb 20.3............................................................ .4 19.2 .1 20.4 – 14.5750 to 999 lb 20.6............................................................ .4 21.9 .1 23.6 – 25.0

1,000 to 9,999 lb 11.1......................................................... 1.5 16.2 1.2 24.4 1.3 15.310,000 to 49,999 lb 13.3....................................................... 2.9 22.1 5.3 18.1 3.8 21.250,000 to 99,999 lb 10.1....................................................... 1.8 34.1 5.7 11.5 3.0 28.7100,000 lb or more 28.2....................................................... .3 28.1 1.7 36.0 2.3 31.7

For~hire truck 13.9..................................................... – 13.3 – 15.2 – 12.6

Less than 50 lb 30.8.......................................................... 1.2 21.0 – 27.4 – 30.750 to 99 lb 48.9.............................................................. .5 34.8 – S S 17.9100 to 499 lb 28.0............................................................ 1.4 24.5 .1 21.3 .1 12.7500 to 749 lb 17.9............................................................ .2 24.2 – 18.1 – 12.8750 to 999 lb 22.1............................................................ .3 22.0 – 20.7 – 18.3

1,000 to 9,999 lb 14.9......................................................... 1.8 19.9 .6 23.0 1.1 10.510,000 to 49,999 lb 18.8....................................................... 3.6 14.6 4.9 21.9 5.0 10.650,000 to 99,999 lb 12.4....................................................... 1.8 23.6 4.5 16.5 3.8 18.1100,000 lb or more 29.2....................................................... .6 36.2 3.3 41.2 3.0 20.1

Private truck 9.1...................................................... – 24.3 – 10.0 – 11.1

Less than 50 lb 24.3.......................................................... 1.7 34.0 .2 36.8 – 8.750 to 99 lb 23.5.............................................................. .8 25.5 – 24.8 – 35.8100 to 499 lb 24.8............................................................ 2.2 24.0 .4 26.7 .2 18.5500 to 749 lb 28.2............................................................ .8 19.9 .2 28.5 .1 28.6750 to 999 lb 24.7............................................................ .5 23.0 .2 32.4 .1 39.3

1,000 to 9,999 lb 11.2......................................................... 1.7 18.4 1.9 25.1 1.4 14.410,000 to 49,999 lb 11.6....................................................... 3.3 29.7 6.7 9.6 5.6 24.550,000 to 99,999 lb 22.5....................................................... 3.6 47.6 7.8 27.0 6.1 45.2100,000 lb or more 34.5....................................................... .1 S S 21.0 .6 S

Rail 7.3.............................................................. – 30.5 – 10.7 – 4.3

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – – – –100 to 499 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 29.8500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 31.6750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 25.910,000 to 49,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 26.950,000 to 99,999 lb 29.8....................................................... 1.3 24.6 1.1 25.7 1.4 12.5100,000 lb or more 6.9....................................................... 2.3 31.7 1.4 10.6 1.5 5.3

Water –............................................................ – – – – – –



Shallow draft –..................................................... – – – – – –



See footnote at end of table.


Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andShipment Size for State of Origin: 1997mCon.












Single modesmCon.

Great Lakes –...................................................... – – – – – –



Deep draft –........................................................ – – – – – –



Air (includes truck and air) S........................................ S S S S S 8.7

Less than 50 lb S.......................................................... S S S S S 9.050 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S 32.4 4.1 45.5 3.4 22.4100 to 499 lb 40.9............................................................ 11.6 33.9 9.9 36.4 10.0 18.7500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 28.0750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 31.6

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 28.610,000 to 49,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –50,000 to 99,999 lb –....................................................... – – – – – –100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – – – –

Pipeline –.......................................................... – – – S S S

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – S S S50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – S S S100 to 499 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S500 to 749 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – S S S

1,000 to 9,999 lb –......................................................... – – – S S S10,000 to 49,999 lb –....................................................... – – – S S S50,000 to 99,999 lb –....................................................... – – – S S S100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – S S S

Multiple modes 46.2................................................. – 29.5 – 30.3 – 17.9

Less than 50 lb 46.5.......................................................... 7.5 29.8 11.1 42.3 9.9 18.650 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S S S S S 15.6100 to 499 lb 46.1............................................................ 5.4 S S S S 25.5500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 36.1 1.3 23.5 2.8 25.8750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 36.2

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 31.610,000 to 49,999 lb 39.0....................................................... 4.7 41.7 14.5 35.6 11.2 S50,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 29.2100,000 lb or more S....................................................... S S S S S 31.6

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 48.1............................... – 38.2 – S S 18.0

Less than 50 lb 46.5.......................................................... 7.7 29.8 7.3 42.3 6.3 18.650 to 99 lb S.............................................................. S S S S S 15.6100 to 499 lb 46.1............................................................ 5.8 S S S S 25.6500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 36.1 1.5 23.5 3.0 25.8750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 36.2


Truck and rail 42.3..................................................... – 44.3 – 44.3 – 36.1


1,000 to 9,999 lb –......................................................... – – – – – –10,000 to 49,999 lb 41.8....................................................... 4.6 44.3 4.0 36.9 9.3 44.350,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 29.8100,000 lb or more S....................................................... S S S S S 31.6

Truck and water S.................................................. S S S S S 35.5

Less than 50 lb –.......................................................... – – – – – –50 to 99 lb –.............................................................. – – – – – –100 to 499 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 31.6500 to 749 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –750 to 999 lb –............................................................ – – – – – –

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S S S S S 31.610,000 to 49,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 27.950,000 to 99,999 lb S....................................................... S S S S S 31.6100,000 lb or more –....................................................... – – – – – –



Table B–4. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation andShipment Size for State of Origin: 1997mCon.












Multiple modesmCon.

Rail and water –.................................................... – – – – – –



Other multiple modes –............................................. – – – – – –



Other and unknown modes 29.3...................................... – 23.8 – 27.3 – 22.3

Less than 50 lb S.......................................................... S 43.2 .3 S S 26.650 to 99 lb 49.3.............................................................. 2.8 33.9 .1 31.2 .4 S100 to 499 lb 26.6............................................................ 1.2 23.7 .8 27.6 2.5 30.1500 to 749 lb S............................................................ S 46.6 .2 S S 29.4750 to 999 lb S............................................................ S S S S S 31.9

1,000 to 9,999 lb S......................................................... S 41.3 3.7 38.2 4.8 20.110,000 to 49,999 lb 36.0....................................................... 6.8 25.9 9.0 41.4 7.6 34.850,000 to 99,999 lb 24.1....................................................... 4.0 24.2 4.1 33.3 6.7 S100,000 lb or more 47.8....................................................... 7.5 47.4 14.1 S S 46.8




Table B–5. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity forState of Origin: 1997


SCTGcode Commodity description










All commodities 18.3........................................... – 13.8 – 8.3 – 25.7

01 Live animals and live fish S.......................................... S S S S S 30.202 Cereal grains 29.7.................................................... .8 35.5 3.6 34.4 2.9 S03 Other agricultural products 20.8......................................... 1.2 42.4 2.3 S S S04 Animal feed and products of animal origin, n.e.c. 29.0..................... .7 27.7 1.9 30.7 1.5 S05 Meat, fish, seafood, and their preparations S........................... S S S S S 45.7

06 Milled grain products and preparations, and bakery products 26.4........... – 49.9 .1 S S 43.907 Other prepared foodstuffs and fats and oils 15.9.......................... .8 9.3 1.0 11.7 2.3 S08 Alcoholic beverages 21.4.............................................. .2 23.8 .2 S S 13.409 Tobacco products S................................................ S 38.8 – 45.8 – 25.010 Monumental or building stone S...................................... S S S S S 28.3

11 Natural sands S.................................................... S S S S S S12 Gravel and crushed stone 39.1......................................... – 44.7 5.9 34.6 .6 S13 Nonmetallic minerals n.e.c. S........................................ S S S 38.6 .6 23.914 Metallic ores and concentrates 24.6..................................... .3 28.7 .1 29.3 .4 43.015 Coal S............................................................ S S S S S 31.6

17 Gasoline and aviation turbine fuel 44.4................................... .8 47.2 1.6 49.1 .3 19.618 Fuel oils 39.0......................................................... .2 41.9 .7 50.0 .2 S19 Coal and petroleum products, n.e.c. 48.5................................ .5 46.1 .8 S S 30.620 Basic chemicals 18.2.................................................. .6 23.8 .2 17.1 .8 S21 Pharmaceutical products S.......................................... S S S S S S

22 Fertilizers 30.1........................................................ .6 32.0 1.5 26.9 1.8 S23 Chemical products and preparations, n.e.c. 33.8.......................... 1.0 47.6 .1 49.8 – S24 Plastics and rubber 24.4............................................... 1.2 41.1 .2 24.6 .1 25.125 Logs and other wood in the rough S.................................. S S S S S S26 Wood products 8.8................................................... 1.8 8.2 1.8 10.2 2.1 24.6

27 Pulp, newsprint, paper, and paperboard 45.8............................. .6 42.4 .4 44.2 .6 S28 Paper or paperboard articles 31.3....................................... .6 40.2 .4 34.2 .4 25.329 Printed products 20.8.................................................. .7 18.2 – 42.9 .2 S30 Textiles, leather, and articles of textiles or leather S..................... S 40.5 – S S 18.231 Nonmetallic mineral products 19.6...................................... .3 22.6 2.3 24.8 .3 32.8

32 Base metal in primary or semifinished forms and in finished basicshapes 22.6......................................................... .2 31.9 .1 39.5 .1 S

33 Articles of base metal 22.0............................................. .8 21.7 – S S 29.834 Machinery 21.7....................................................... 1.1 47.4 .1 43.7 .1 S35 Electronic and other electrical equipment and components and office

equipment S...................................................... S 44.8 .2 S S 22.336 Motorized and other vehicles (including parts) 26.0........................ .5 28.3 – 29.2 .1 31.1

37 Transportation equipment, n.e.c. S................................... S S S S S 23.938 Precision instruments and apparatus 26.4................................ – 27.5 – 49.5 – S39 Furniture, mattresses and mattress supports, lamps, lighting fittings, and

illuminated signs 26.6................................................ .2 26.3 – 29.8 – S40 Miscellaneous manufactured products 23.0.............................. 1.1 31.4 – 23.3 .1 15.641 Waste and scrap 22.1................................................. – 22.9 .1 29.7 .1 14.643 Mixed freight S..................................................... S S S S S S~~ Commodity unknown 33.7.............................................. .5 S S S S 37.3




Table B–6. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity andMode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1997












ALL COMMODITIES

Total 18.3......................................................... – 13.8 – 8.3 – 25.7

Single modes 8.8..................................................... 5.2 14.3 .7 8.7 .7 27.8


Rail 7.3.................................................................... 1.9 30.5 4.9 10.7 4.0 4.3



Multiple modes 46.2................................................... 4.9 29.5 .3 30.3 .7 17.9

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 48.1....................................... 5.0 38.2 – S S 18.0Truck and rail 42.3............................................................ .5 44.3 .2 44.3 .6 36.1Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 35.5Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 29.3........................................ .8 23.8 .5 27.3 .2 22.3

SCTG 01, LIVE ANIMALS AND LIVE FISH

Total S........................................................... S S S S S 30.2

Single modes S..................................................... S S S S S 30.2

Truck S................................................................... S S S S S 30.2For~hire truck –.......................................................... – – – – – –Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 30.2

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –


Air (includes truck and air) –................................................. – – – – – –Pipeline –................................................................. – – – S S S

Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier –....................................... – – – – – –Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes –........................................ – – – – – –

SCTG 02, CEREAL GRAINS

Total 29.7........................................................... – 35.5 – 34.4 – S

Single modes 30.0..................................................... .9 35.7 .7 35.1 1.8 S

Truck 33.5................................................................... 7.2 41.3 11.3 44.5 9.8 SFor~hire truck 35.5.......................................................... 9.1 46.0 11.0 48.1 10.0 29.5Private truck 47.7........................................................... 9.0 49.2 8.4 41.0 2.8 S

Rail 40.0.................................................................... 7.3 37.0 11.4 38.8 10.0 22.6



Multiple modes S................................................... S S S S S 26.4

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 26.4Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S........................................ S S S S S 30.5



Table B–6. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by Two~Digit Commodity andMode of Transportation for State of Origin: 1997mCon.












SCTG 03, OTHER AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS

Total 20.8........................................................... – 42.4 – S S S

Single modes 21.0..................................................... .5 42.5 .3 S S S

Truck 21.2................................................................... 1.9 39.7 2.2 S S SFor~hire truck 20.1.......................................................... 6.4 S S S S 5.2Private truck 41.8........................................................... 6.8 44.2 7.7 38.8 6.4 S

Rail 47.8.................................................................... 1.8 S S S S 18.9




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S 40.4 – 18.7Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 29.8Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 04, ANIMAL FEED AND PRODUCTS OF ANIMAL ORIGIN,N.E.C.

Total 29.0........................................................... – 27.7 – 30.7 – S

Single modes 28.6..................................................... .4 27.6 .3 30.7 .3 S

Truck 29.6................................................................... 4.7 28.9 3.6 29.7 11.6 SFor~hire truck 49.2.......................................................... 12.7 47.2 11.9 39.3 12.5 27.6Private truck 44.5........................................................... 12.4 39.1 11.7 44.6 15.2 38.0

Rail 36.3.................................................................... 4.8 40.0 3.7 42.6 11.5 25.8






SCTG 05, MEAT, FISH, SEAFOOD, AND THEIR PREPARATIONS

Total S........................................................... S S S S S 45.7


Truck S................................................................... S S S S S 42.5For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 17.0Private truck 35.7........................................................... 12.9 42.5 13.0 40.9 14.6 33.7

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –

















SCTG 06, MILLED GRAIN PRODUCTS AND PREPARATIONS,AND BAKERY PRODUCTS

Total 26.4........................................................... – 49.9 – S S 43.9

Single modes 26.4..................................................... – 49.9 – S S 42.2

Truck 26.4................................................................... – 49.9 – S S 42.2For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 30.0Private truck 34.4........................................................... 14.4 33.2 15.3 S S 18.0

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 07, OTHER PREPARED FOODSTUFFS AND FATS ANDOILS

Total 15.9........................................................... – 9.3 – 11.7 – S

Single modes 16.5..................................................... 4.6 9.3 4.6 12.0 .9 S

Truck 21.8................................................................... 7.5 17.0 7.7 18.3 8.3 49.5For~hire truck 24.4.......................................................... 6.7 22.2 6.1 22.2 7.3 5.8Private truck 26.3........................................................... 5.6 21.0 5.0 20.7 3.8 S

Rail 21.6.................................................................... 7.0 24.0 8.2 21.4 8.7 8.7




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 26.7Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 31.6Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S........................................ S S S S S S

SCTG 08, ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

Total 21.4........................................................... – 23.8 – S S 13.4

Single modes 21.4..................................................... – 23.8 – S S 13.4

Truck 19.3................................................................... 3.5 20.7 4.7 S S 10.6For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Private truck 19.4........................................................... 3.5 20.7 4.7 S S 10.6

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 31.6




















SCTG 09, TOBACCO PRODUCTS

Total S........................................................... S 38.8 – 45.8 – 25.0

Single modes S..................................................... S 38.8 – 45.8 – 25.0

Truck S................................................................... S 38.8 – 45.8 – 25.0For~hire truck –.......................................................... – – – – – –Private truck S........................................................... S 38.8 – 45.8 – 25.0

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 10, MONUMENTAL OR BUILDING STONE

Total S........................................................... S S S S S 28.3



Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 11, NATURAL SANDS

Total S........................................................... S S S S S S

Single modes S..................................................... S S S S S S

Truck S................................................................... S S S S S SFor~hire truck –.......................................................... – – – – – –Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –

















SCTG 12, GRAVEL AND CRUSHED STONE

Total 39.1........................................................... – 44.7 – 34.6 – S

Single modes 39.6..................................................... 4.9 45.0 4.1 34.6 2.7 S

Truck 39.6................................................................... 4.9 45.0 4.1 34.6 2.7 SFor~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S SPrivate truck 46.1........................................................... 8.1 S S 36.6 8.8 S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 13, NONMETALLIC MINERALS N.E.C.

Total S........................................................... S S S 38.6 – 23.9

Single modes S..................................................... S S S 39.7 3.9 22.6

Truck 29.3................................................................... 15.3 S S 48.2 9.8 22.5For~hire truck 46.1.......................................................... 12.7 S S S S 21.5Private truck 31.7........................................................... 11.1 38.0 17.1 32.5 10.2 35.8

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S S




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 49.1Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 30.0Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 14, METALLIC ORES AND CONCENTRATES

Total 24.6........................................................... – 28.7 – 29.3 – 43.0

Single modes 33.4..................................................... 11.4 33.2 10.9 33.6 12.9 26.8

Truck 33.4................................................................... 11.4 33.2 10.9 33.6 12.9 27.4For~hire truck 34.6.......................................................... 12.0 33.2 10.9 33.6 12.9 23.9Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 31.6

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 49.5................................................... 8.9 S S S S 24.0

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 31.6Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 26.1Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –
















SCTG 15, COAL

Total S........................................................... S S S S S 31.6



Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 17, GASOLINE AND AVIATION TURBINE FUEL

Total 44.4........................................................... – 47.2 – 49.1 – 19.6

Single modes 44.4..................................................... – 47.2 – 49.1 – 19.6

Truck 44.4................................................................... – 47.2 – 49.1 – 19.6For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 30.4Private truck 37.9........................................................... 5.3 43.2 3.5 47.6 1.4 20.7

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 18, FUEL OILS

Total 39.0........................................................... – 41.9 – 50.0 – S

Single modes 39.0..................................................... – 41.9 – 50.0 – S

Truck 39.0................................................................... – 41.9 – 50.0 – SFor~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Private truck 39.6........................................................... 2.5 42.2 1.7 S S S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –

















SCTG 19, COAL AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, N.E.C.

Total 48.5........................................................... – 46.1 – S S 30.6

Single modes 48.6..................................................... 1.6 46.1 1.0 S S 30.5

Truck 48.6................................................................... 1.6 46.1 1.0 S S 30.5For~hire truck S.......................................................... S 47.5 9.5 S S 30.3Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 22.8

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –






SCTG 20, BASIC CHEMICALS

Total 18.2........................................................... – 23.8 – 17.1 – S

Single modes 18.2..................................................... 10.5 23.8 10.5 17.1 10.5 S

Truck 43.3................................................................... 4.0 41.3 7.4 38.0 1.0 40.4For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S 47.6 .5 SPrivate truck 42.8........................................................... 3.4 48.8 7.6 S S 23.2

Rail 17.1.................................................................... 9.7 19.0 9.3 17.1 10.2 15.8






SCTG 21, PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS

Total S........................................................... S S S S S S


Truck S................................................................... S S S S S 29.4For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S SPrivate truck S........................................................... S S S S S 25.4

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 31.6




















SCTG 22, FERTILIZERS

Total 30.1........................................................... – 32.0 – 26.9 – S

Single modes 30.1..................................................... – 32.0 – 26.9 – S


Rail 38.0.................................................................... 10.1 37.8 10.0 35.2 13.4 22.0



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 23, CHEMICAL PRODUCTS AND PREPARATIONS, N.E.C.

Total 33.8........................................................... – 47.6 – 49.8 – S

Single modes 33.8..................................................... 1.1 47.9 .5 S S S

Truck 33.8................................................................... 1.1 47.9 .5 S S SFor~hire truck 45.7.......................................................... 9.3 S S S S 28.4Private truck 42.0........................................................... 9.2 40.9 9.3 41.3 10.8 23.8

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S................................................... S S S 50.0 1.7 S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S 50.0 1.7 STruck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 24, PLASTICS AND RUBBER

Total 24.4........................................................... – 41.1 – 24.6 – 25.1

Single modes 30.9..................................................... 7.3 43.0 5.0 26.2 5.5 40.2

Truck 31.0................................................................... 7.4 43.0 5.0 26.2 5.5 40.4For~hire truck 28.4.......................................................... 8.4 31.8 11.3 35.7 10.9 SPrivate truck 42.7........................................................... 9.4 S S S S 11.4

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 36.6................................................... 6.1 24.6 2.0 31.1 5.1 36.4

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 36.6....................................... 6.1 24.6 2.0 31.1 5.1 36.4Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes S........................................ S S S 41.2 1.0 S















SCTG 25, LOGS AND OTHER WOOD IN THE ROUGH

Total S........................................................... S S S S S S


Truck S................................................................... S S S S S SFor~hire truck 36.3.......................................................... 16.4 S S 46.0 17.0 SPrivate truck S........................................................... S S S S S 28.3

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 31.6






SCTG 26, WOOD PRODUCTS

Total 8.8........................................................... – 8.2 – 10.2 – 24.6

Single modes 8.5..................................................... .7 8.1 .9 10.4 .7 21.5


Rail 14.7.................................................................... 3.5 11.9 3.0 14.1 4.0 4.0



Multiple modes 37.8................................................... .3 S S S S 28.9

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 28.8Truck and rail 49.1............................................................ .3 S S S S 26.1Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 20.9........................................ .7 22.4 .9 36.6 .2 S

SCTG 27, PULP, NEWSPRINT, PAPER, AND PAPERBOARD

Total 45.8........................................................... – 42.4 – 44.2 – S

Single modes S..................................................... S 45.8 14.7 40.3 12.6 S

Truck 49.8................................................................... 17.0 47.9 16.6 35.6 17.3 SFor~hire truck 38.3.......................................................... 12.9 36.2 12.9 35.5 13.7 23.5Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 26.8

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 29.8




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S 29.8Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 27.9Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 29.8Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –
















SCTG 28, PAPER OR PAPERBOARD ARTICLES

Total 31.3........................................................... – 40.2 – 34.2 – 25.3

Single modes 29.6..................................................... 9.3 38.5 10.3 33.4 12.1 40.2

Truck 29.3................................................................... 9.1 38.2 10.2 33.2 11.5 37.9For~hire truck 30.7.......................................................... 11.3 29.0 11.6 33.2 12.0 17.4Private truck 45.4........................................................... 7.3 S S S S S

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 29.3




Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 49.8....................................... 8.4 43.1 6.8 S S 25.1Truck and rail S............................................................ S S S S S 33.6Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 29, PRINTED PRODUCTS

Total 20.8........................................................... – 18.2 – 42.9 – S

Single modes 25.1..................................................... 7.1 19.7 4.3 48.0 7.5 S

Truck 25.7................................................................... 8.1 20.0 4.9 S S SFor~hire truck S.......................................................... S 46.2 10.2 S S 37.9Private truck 22.4........................................................... 10.9 33.8 12.1 39.6 13.5 34.4

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 31.6


Air (includes truck and air) 34.3................................................. 1.7 48.4 .8 S S 16.6Pipeline –................................................................. – – – S S S

Multiple modes 34.6................................................... 7.4 S S 38.3 7.8 S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 34.6....................................... 7.4 S S 38.8 7.8 STruck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water S......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 30, TEXTILES, LEATHER, AND ARTICLES OF TEXTILESOR LEATHER

Total S........................................................... S 40.5 – S S 18.2

Single modes 31.9..................................................... 14.4 48.4 12.5 42.9 12.8 S

Truck 32.4................................................................... 14.2 48.5 12.5 43.2 12.8 SFor~hire truck 37.1.......................................................... 8.9 S S 41.8 11.8 23.4Private truck 42.3........................................................... 7.8 45.4 11.1 S S 26.7

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –




















SCTG 31, NONMETALLIC MINERAL PRODUCTS

Total 19.6........................................................... – 22.6 – 24.8 – 32.8

Single modes 23.7..................................................... 9.8 23.0 10.4 27.8 10.1 25.3

Truck 25.4................................................................... 10.7 24.3 11.6 33.1 12.3 24.0For~hire truck S.......................................................... S 45.7 5.0 49.0 3.0 27.7Private truck 28.2........................................................... 12.2 24.8 13.7 34.4 13.5 22.4

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 30.5






SCTG 32, BASE METAL IN PRIMARY OR SEMIFINISHED FORMSAND IN FINISHED BASIC SHAPES

Total 22.6........................................................... – 31.9 – 39.5 – S

Single modes 24.5..................................................... 3.0 30.7 1.7 39.5 .4 S

Truck 24.7................................................................... 3.3 29.4 3.3 S S SFor~hire truck 49.0.......................................................... 12.2 36.8 13.0 34.3 14.5 23.2Private truck 28.4........................................................... 12.0 43.2 13.3 46.0 17.0 S

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 28.1



Multiple modes S................................................... S S S 46.3 .4 41.2

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S 46.3 .4 41.2Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 33, ARTICLES OF BASE METAL

Total 22.0........................................................... – 21.7 – S S 29.8

Single modes 26.7..................................................... 9.4 24.6 7.9 S S 37.7

Truck 26.7................................................................... 9.4 24.6 7.9 S S 37.7For~hire truck 27.3.......................................................... 9.9 34.7 12.0 S S 20.9Private truck 43.7........................................................... 8.0 38.3 10.3 47.6 6.2 21.5

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –




















SCTG 34, MACHINERY

Total 21.7........................................................... – 47.4 – 43.7 – S

Single modes 22.9..................................................... 5.1 49.8 5.8 45.4 3.3 S

Truck 23.1................................................................... 5.2 49.9 6.0 45.8 3.8 SFor~hire truck 46.2.......................................................... 11.6 S S 41.5 9.1 22.6Private truck 23.3........................................................... 12.8 35.2 10.9 S S S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 26.7................................................... 5.0 34.9 3.9 29.3 2.9 38.4



SCTG 35, ELECTRONIC AND OTHER ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENTAND COMPONENTS AND OFFICE EQUIPMENT

Total S........................................................... S 44.8 – S S 22.3

Single modes 42.2..................................................... 11.0 38.4 9.0 S S 25.6

Truck 32.5................................................................... 14.5 37.2 9.9 48.1 13.4 28.6For~hire truck 39.3.......................................................... 10.7 S S S S 27.0Private truck 47.6........................................................... 7.5 34.7 7.8 S S 35.6

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –





Other and unknown modes S........................................ S 49.5 5.3 S S S

SCTG 36, MOTORIZED AND OTHER VEHICLES (INCLUDINGPARTS)

Total 26.0........................................................... – 28.3 – 29.2 – 31.1

Single modes 36.4..................................................... 12.3 33.2 12.4 36.4 12.8 47.5

Truck 36.4................................................................... 12.3 33.2 12.4 36.4 12.8 47.5For~hire truck 43.5.......................................................... 9.9 41.2 10.8 42.1 11.2 21.6Private truck 42.4........................................................... 10.2 42.2 10.1 48.4 9.5 S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 30.6................................................... 6.0 41.7 5.1 40.8 9.3 18.1

















SCTG 37, TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT, N.E.C.

Total S........................................................... S S S S S 23.9


Truck S................................................................... S S S S S 32.3For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 29.9Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 31.3

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –






SCTG 38, PRECISION INSTRUMENTS AND APPARATUS

Total 26.4........................................................... – 27.5 – 49.5 – S

Single modes 44.9..................................................... 11.6 S S S S S

Truck 49.8................................................................... 12.3 S S S S 25.3For~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 37.8Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 25.4

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes 30.5................................................... 11.6 33.2 11.4 S S 30.8

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier 30.5....................................... 11.6 33.2 11.4 S S 30.8Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –


SCTG 39, FURNITURE, MATTRESSES AND MATTRESSSUPPORTS, LAMPS, LIGHTING FITTINGS, AND ILLUMINATEDSIGNS

Total 26.6........................................................... – 26.3 – 29.8 – S

Single modes 25.8..................................................... 3.6 26.2 3.3 32.4 5.6 S

Truck 25.8................................................................... 3.9 26.2 3.3 32.4 5.7 SFor~hire truck 45.9.......................................................... 10.8 36.7 11.4 49.4 12.7 20.9Private truck 35.4........................................................... 10.8 38.6 10.4 S S 31.8

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S................................................... S S S S S S

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S S S S S STruck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –
















SCTG 40, MISCELLANEOUS MANUFACTURED PRODUCTS

Total 23.0........................................................... – 31.4 – 23.3 – 15.6

Single modes 11.1..................................................... 8.9 32.3 2.1 25.2 4.0 S

Truck 11.1................................................................... 9.2 32.3 2.1 25.3 4.0 SFor~hire truck 15.4.......................................................... 10.0 36.6 6.5 27.5 6.7 18.7Private truck 32.7........................................................... 5.7 24.3 5.8 28.8 4.4 S

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –



Multiple modes S................................................... S 41.6 2.1 49.6 4.0 13.7

Parcel, U.S. Postal Service or courier S....................................... S 41.6 2.1 49.6 4.0 13.7Truck and rail –............................................................ – – – – – –Truck and water –......................................................... – – – – – –Rail and water –........................................................... – – – – – –Other multiple modes –..................................................... – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes 50.0........................................ .2 S S S S 27.6

SCTG 41, WASTE AND SCRAP

Total 22.1........................................................... – 22.9 – 29.7 – 14.6

Single modes 21.0..................................................... 2.0 23.3 1.9 29.8 2.7 14.6


Rail 24.7.................................................................... 3.7 30.4 7.6 28.9 8.1 18.5



Multiple modes –................................................... – – – – – –



SCTG 43, MIXED FREIGHT

Total S........................................................... S S S S S S


Truck S................................................................... S S S S S SFor~hire truck S.......................................................... S S S S S 31.6Private truck S........................................................... S S S S S 26.4

Rail –.................................................................... – – – – – –




















COMMODITY UNKNOWN

Total 33.7........................................................... – S S S S 37.3

Single modes 33.1..................................................... 9.8 S S S S S

Truck 34.6................................................................... 14.0 S S S S SFor~hire truck 38.3.......................................................... 11.7 S S S S 34.3Private truck 44.5........................................................... 15.4 S S S S S

Rail S.................................................................... S S S S S 31.6









Table B–7. Measures of Reliability for Shipment Characteristics by State of Destination forState of Origin: 1997


State of destination








Total 18.3.............................................. – 13.8 – 8.3 –

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut 36.6................................................ .1 21.6 – 21.4 .2Maine S..................................................... S S S S SMassachusetts 45.2............................................. .4 26.8 .1 25.7 .6New Hampshire 35.4............................................ – S S S SRhode Island S............................................... S S S S SVermont S................................................... S S S S S


New Jersey S................................................ S 25.3 – 25.2 .4New York S.................................................. S 20.3 – 19.8 .7Pennsylvania 28.7............................................... .3 15.9 .1 16.0 .5


Illinois 8.8..................................................... .3 13.9 .4 14.2 .8Indiana 21.5.................................................... .2 34.8 .2 33.3 .4Michigan 30.9................................................... .4 40.8 .4 41.6 1.1Ohio 32.6...................................................... .3 38.6 .3 37.8 1.0Wisconsin 32.2................................................. .3 21.0 – 22.6 .6


Iowa 38.3...................................................... .1 31.3 .1 30.1 .3Kansas 46.9.................................................... .4 23.6 – 24.8 .4Minnesota S................................................. S 20.2 – 21.7 .3Missouri 26.8................................................... .2 17.5 – 18.3 .2Nebraska 25.3.................................................. .2 19.9 – 20.3 .2North Dakota S............................................... S 45.4 – 34.1 .1South Dakota S.............................................. S 29.4 – 31.3 –


Delaware S.................................................. S S S S SDistrict of Columbia S......................................... S S S S SFlorida S.................................................... S 35.7 .1 35.1 .5Georgia 35.9................................................... .3 22.5 – 22.4 .5Maryland S.................................................. S 28.1 – 29.0 .2North Carolina S.............................................. S 23.9 – 24.8 .2South Carolina 49.6............................................. .1 19.0 – 19.3 .2Virginia 49.3.................................................... .2 36.4 – 36.3 .3West Virginia 29.5............................................... – 43.8 – 44.5 .1


Alabama S................................................... S 31.6 – 31.7 .2Kentucky 22.8.................................................. – 35.0 – 35.5 .1Mississippi 31.6................................................. – 37.7 – 35.7 –Tennessee 19.5................................................. .2 47.4 .3 45.2 .9


Arkansas 37.3.................................................. – 36.3 – 34.1 –Louisiana 39.2.................................................. .2 42.9 .2 43.0 .6Oklahoma S................................................. S S S S STexas 31.8..................................................... .3 13.1 .2 13.7 .5

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona 23.2.................................................... .3 15.2 .2 16.5 .4Colorado 18.4.................................................. .8 19.8 .5 17.4 1.0Idaho 8.8...................................................... 3.2 19.8 5.0 14.8 1.5Montana 16.8................................................... .2 23.4 .4 26.4 .5Nevada 22.3.................................................... .5 21.2 .2 23.4 .2New Mexico S................................................ S 29.4 – 36.1 –Utah 16.0...................................................... .4 13.8 .8 10.0 .3Wyoming 18.9.................................................. .1 22.7 .1 19.6 –

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska 40.1..................................................... – S S S SCalifornia 29.6.................................................. 1.6 12.2 .4 13.9 .9Hawaii S..................................................... S S S S SOregon 20.8.................................................... 1.6 40.6 1.9 35.7 1.9Washington 24.6................................................ 1.3 20.7 2.0 27.0 1.8




Table B–8. Measures of Reliability for Inbound Shipment Characteristics by State of Origin forState of Destination: 1997


State of origin








Total 4.2.............................................. – 13.9 – 6.3 –

NEW ENGLAND STATES

Connecticut 46.7................................................ – S S S SMaine 34.0..................................................... – 34.6 – 34.4 –Massachusetts 35.5............................................. .4 37.2 – 37.6 –New Hampshire S............................................ S S S S SRhode Island 38.8............................................... – S S S SVermont S................................................... S S S S S


New Jersey 26.7................................................ .1 36.1 – 36.0 .1New York 29.0.................................................. .4 30.8 – 31.5 .1Pennsylvania 16.2............................................... – 42.6 – 42.9 .4


Illinois 22.1..................................................... .4 S S S SIndiana 36.0.................................................... .3 29.6 – 29.8 .3Michigan 43.2................................................... .3 22.9 – 23.3 .2Ohio 14.0...................................................... .2 29.9 – 29.8 .3Wisconsin 28.6................................................. .4 19.4 – 19.9 .2


Iowa 46.0...................................................... .5 42.4 .2 44.2 1.0Kansas 29.8.................................................... .1 33.6 – 33.1 .2Minnesota 28.9................................................. .4 16.7 – 16.7 .2Missouri 24.0................................................... .2 S S S SNebraska 24.4.................................................. .2 S S S SNorth Dakota S............................................... S S S S SSouth Dakota 34.0.............................................. – 32.8 – 30.2 –


Delaware S.................................................. S S S S SDistrict of Columbia –......................................... – – – – –Florida 19.5.................................................... .1 47.1 – 46.1 .2Georgia 44.0................................................... .4 35.7 – 36.1 1.1Maryland S.................................................. S 22.1 – 22.5 –North Carolina 24.7.............................................. .2 39.1 – 38.8 .3South Carolina 37.5............................................. – 40.9 – 41.2 –Virginia 39.3.................................................... .1 30.4 – 29.4 .1West Virginia S............................................... S S S S S


Alabama 23.2................................................... .1 39.4 .1 41.3 1.0Kentucky S.................................................. S 44.3 – 45.3 .2Mississippi 42.5................................................. – S S S STennessee 21.8................................................. .1 38.4 – 38.2 .1


Arkansas 36.5.................................................. .1 48.2 – 48.8 .4Louisiana 48.9.................................................. – 39.4 .2 39.4 .9Oklahoma 31.7................................................. – 49.7 – 49.7 .4Texas 25.2..................................................... .4 S S S S

MOUNTAIN STATES

Arizona S.................................................... S S S S SColorado 24.5.................................................. .6 31.4 .3 29.8 1.2Idaho 8.8...................................................... 3.2 19.8 5.0 14.8 2.5Montana 26.2................................................... .2 43.6 1.7 43.8 3.3Nevada 36.0.................................................... .3 27.2 .2 33.9 .6New Mexico S................................................ S S S S SUtah 7.8...................................................... .7 14.2 .5 15.1 .6Wyoming 47.6.................................................. .3 36.5 1.4 30.8 2.0

PACIFIC STATES

Alaska S..................................................... S S S S SCalifornia 14.7.................................................. 1.4 10.5 .2 10.8 .9Hawaii S..................................................... S S S S SOregon 7.1.................................................... .7 10.9 .5 7.4 .6Washington 8.7................................................ .9 12.1 1.5 12.4 .8




Appendix C.Sample Design, Data Collection, and Estimation

INTRODUCTION

The primary goal for the 1997 Commodity Flow Survey(CFS) is to estimate shipping volumes (value, tons, andton-miles) by commodity and mode of transportation atvarying levels of geographic detail. A detailed descriptionof the sample design for the 1997 CFS is provided below.

SAMPLE DESIGN

The sample for the 1997 CFS is selected using a strati-fied three-stage design in which the first-stage samplingunits are establishments, the second-stage sampling unitsare groups of four 1-week periods (reporting weeks)within the survey year, and the third-stage sampling unitsare shipments.

First Stage

To create the first-stage sampling frame, we extracted asubset of establishment records from the 1995 StandardStatistical Establishment List (SSEL). The SSEL is a data-base, maintained by the Bureau of the Census, that con-tains a record for each establishment with employees. (Anestablishment is a single physical location where businesstransactions take place.) Establishments having nonzeropayroll in 1994 and classified in the mining, manufactur-ing, wholesale, or selected retail industries, as defined bythe 1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Manual,are included on the sampling frame. Auxiliary establish-ments (e.g. warehouses and central administrative offices)with shipping activity are also included. Auxiliary estab-lishments are establishments that are primarily involved inrendering support services for other establishments withinthe same company, instead of for the public, government,or other business firms. All other establishments con-tained on the sampling frame are referred to as nonauxil-iary establishments. For each establishment we extractedsales, payroll, number of employees, name and addressinformation, as well as a primary identifier. We also com-puted a measure of size for each establishment. The mea-sure of size for a particular establishment is designed toapproximate the establishment’s total value of shipmentsfor 1994.

To reduce the amount of sampling variability andbecause estimates are desired for each commodity, weused a stratified design with a certainty component foreach three-digit SIC. To accomplish this, each establish-ment on the sampling frame is classified into a three-digit

SIC grouping. For each group of establishments, a bound-ary (or cutoff) that divides the certainty establishmentsfrom the noncertainty establishments is determined usingthe Lavallee-Hidiroglou algorithm. If an establishment’smeasure of size is greater than the cutoff, the establish-ment is selected ‘‘with certainty’’. Establishments selected‘‘with certainty’’ were assured of being selected and repre-sented only themselves (i.e., have a selection probabilityof one and a sampling weight of one). No certainty cutoffsare set for auxiliary establishments because they onlymake up a small portion of the estimated total value ofshipments for all establishments on the sampling frame.

Establishments not selected with certainty makeup thenoncertainty universe. We stratify the noncertainty uni-verse by SIC recode, National Transportation AnalysisRegion (NTAR), and a flag used to differentiate auxiliaryestablishments from nonauxiliary establishments. Each SICrecode is constructed from a group of related three-digitSIC codes. The NTARs, developed by the Department ofTransportation as combinations of Bureau of EconomicAnalysis (BEA) Areas, collectively provide a mutually exclu-sive and exhaustive coverage of the United States. Finally,the auxiliary stratification came about because establish-ments with different types of operation may have differentshipping practices. We refer to a particular SIC recode-NTAR-auxiliary flag combination as a primary stratum.

We further stratify the noncertainty establishmentswithin each primary stratum using the measure of sizepreviously described. We refer to these measure-of-sizestrata as substrata of the primary strata. The measure ofsize stratification increases the efficiency of the sampledesign. The Dalenius-Hodges cumulative rule is used toset the substratum boundaries. We then use Neyman allo-cation to determine the sample size required within eachsubstratum to meet a coefficient of variation constraint onthe primary stratum total measure of size. Within eachsubstratum, a simple random sample of establishments isselected without replacement.

To arrive at the final sample size, we allocated addi-tional establishments to some of the strata so that theprobability of selecting any establishment is no less than 1in 100. In total, the first-stage sample comprises 102,739establishments.

Second Stage

The frame for the second stage of sampling consists of52 one-week reporting periods (reporting weeks) duringthe interval from December 29, 1996, to December 26,

APPENDIX C C–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


1997. Each establishment selected for the 1997 CFS wassystematically assigned to report for a group of fourreporting weeks throughout the survey year. The fourreporting weeks in a given group are separated by 12weeks. For example, an establishment might be requestedto report data for the 5th, 18th, 31st, and 44th weeks ofthe survey year.

Third Stage

For each of the four reporting weeks in which an estab-lishment is asked to report, we request the respondent toconstruct a sampling frame that consists of all shipmentsmade by their establishment in each particular reportingweek. For any particular reporting week, if an establish-ment makes 40 or fewer shipments during that week, weask the respondent to provide information about all oftheir establishment’s shipments from that week, i.e., nosampling is required. For establishments making morethan 40 shipments in a given reporting week, we ask therespondent to select a systematic sample of these ship-ments and to provide us with information only about theselected shipments. The size of a particular respondent’ssample for a given reporting week should be between 20and 40 shipments, depending on the total number of ship-ments the establishment made during that reportingweek.

DATA COLLECTION

Each establishment selected into the CFS sample ismailed a questionnaire for each of its four reportingweeks. For a given establishment, we request the respon-dent to provide the following information about theirestablishment’s shipments: domestic destination or portof exit, commodity, value, weight, mode(s) of transporta-tion, the date on which the shipment was made, and anindication of whether the shipment was an export, hazard-ous material, or containerized. For shipments that includemore than one commodity, respondents are instructed toreport the commodity that makes up the greatest percent-age of the shipment’s weight. For exports, we also ask therespondent to provide the mode of export and the foreigndestination city and country.

We used two versions of the questionnaire to collectdata from the sampled establishments—the CFS-1000 andthe CFS-2000. Each establishment received the CFS-1000in each of its first three reporting weeks. However, for thefourth reporting week, a subsample of approximately25,000 establishments received the CFS-2000, while theremaining establishments received the CFS-1000. The CFS-2000 requests the respondent to provide additional infor-mation about their establishment’s access to on-site andoff-site shipping facilities, as well as transportation equip-ment. See Appendix E for a copy of each questionnaire.

ESTIMATION

Each shipment has associated with it a single tabulationweight, that is used in computing all estimates to which

the shipment contributes. The tabulation weight is a prod-uct of seven different weights. A description of eachweight follows.

CFS respondents provide data for a sample of ship-ments made by their respective establishments in the sur-vey year. For each establishment, we produce an estimateof that establishment’s total value of shipments for theentire survey year. To do this, we use four differentweights, the shipment weight, the shipment nonresponseweight, the quarter weight, and the quarter nonresponseweight.

Like establishments, we identify shipments as eithercertainty or noncertainty. (See the Nonsampling Error sec-tion in Appendix B for a description of how certainty ship-ments are identified.) For noncertainty shipments, theshipment weight is defined as the ratio of the total num-ber of noncertainty shipments (as reported by the respon-dent) made by an establishment in a reporting week to thenumber of sampled noncertainty shipments for the sameweek. This weight uses the data from the sampled ship-ments to represent all the establishment’s shipmentsmade in the reporting week. However, some respondentsfail to provide sufficient information about a sampledshipment. For example, a respondent may not be able toprovide value, weight, or a destination ZIP Code for someof the sampled shipments. If these data items cannot beimputed, then these shipments would not contribute totabulations and are deemed ‘‘unusable.’’ (A usable ship-ment is one that has valid entries for value, weight, andorigin and destination ZIP Codes.) To account for these‘‘unusable’’ shipments, we apply the shipment nonre-sponse weight. For noncertainty shipments from a particu-lar establishment’s reporting week, this weight is equal tothe ratio of the number of sampled shipments for thereporting week to the number of ‘‘usable’’ shipments forthe same week. The shipment weight and shipment nonre-sponse weight for certainty shipments from a particularestablishment’s reporting week are both equal to one.

The quarter weight inflates an establishment’s estimatefor a particular reporting week to an estimate for the cor-responding quarter. For noncertainty shipments, the quar-ter weight is equal to 13. The quarter weight for most cer-tainty shipments is also equal to 13. However, if arespondent is able to provide information about all large(or certainty) shipments made in the quarter containingthe reporting week, then the quarter weight for each ofthese shipments would be one. For each establishment,the quarterly estimates are added to produce an estimateof the establishment’s value of shipments for the entiresurvey year. Whenever an establishment does not providethe Census Bureau with a response for each of its fourreporting weeks, we compute a quarter nonresponseweight. The quarter nonresponse weight for a particularestablishment is defined as the ratio of the number of

C–2 APPENDIX C TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


quarters for which the establishment was in business inthe survey year to the total number of quarters (reportingweeks) for which we received usable shipment data fromthe establishment.

Using these four component weights, we compute anestimate of each establishment’s value of shipments forthe entire survey year. We then multiply this estimate by aweight that adjusts the estimate using value of shipmentsand sales data obtained from other Census Bureau surveysand preliminary results of the 1997 Economic Census.This weight, called the establishment-level adjustmentweight, attempts to correct for any sampling or nonsam-pling errors that occur during the sampling of shipmentsby the respondent.

The adjusted value of shipments estimate for an estab-lishment is then weighted by the establishment weight.This weight is equal to the inverse of the establishment’sprobability of being selected into the sample.

A final adjustment weight, called the SIC-level adjust-ment weight, uses preliminary results of the 1997 Eco-nomic Census to account for establishments from whichwe did not receive a response (including establishmentsfrom which we did not receive any usable shipment data)and for changes in the population of establishmentsbetween the time the first-stage sampling frame was con-structed (1995) and the year in which the data were col-lected (1997). Separate SIC-level adjustment weights aredetermined for nonauxiliary and auxiliary establishments.

APPENDIX C C–3TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Appendix D.Standard Classification of Transported Goods CodeInformation

The commodities shown in this report are classifiedusing the Standard Classification of Transported Goods(SCTG) coding system. The SCTG coding system was cre-ated jointly by agencies of the United States and Canadiangovernments based on the Harmonized System (HS) ofproduct classification which is used worldwide. The pur-pose of the SCTG coding system was to specificallyaddress statistical needs in regard to products trans-ported.In the past, Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) data have

been collected and reported using product classificationsfound in the Standard Transportation Commodity Classifi-cation (STCC) system. These classifications were devel-oped in the early 1960s by the American Association ofRailroads (AAR) to analyze commodity movements by rail.The original purpose of the STCC was for identification ofcommodities for purposes of assigning rates for InterstateCommerce Commission (ICC) regulated rail carriers. TheSTCC continues to be used by the AAR as a tariff mecha-nism.At the time that the Commodity Transportation Survey

(CTS) (the CTS—the predecessor of the CFS) was first con-ducted in 1963, STCC codes were still useful for analyzingmost important aspects of the U.S. transportation system.Since then, many changes have taken place that havegradually made the STCC code less useful for trackingdomestic product movements across all modes (although

it remains perfectly functional for tracking rail-only move-ments). These include the deregulation of trucking, theenactment of North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA), changes in logistics practices, the emergence ofplastics and composite materials to replace metals andglass, the obsolescence of many categories of wood prod-ucts, and the very rapid recent development of high-techelectronic goods. Because the CFS is a shipper survey, theCFS collects information about shipments moving on allmodes. As a consequence, STCC classifications frequentlyprovide inadequate detail for identifying products that aresignificant for modes, such as truck and air. It is for thesereasons that the Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)has sponsored the development of a new product code tocollect and report CFS data.In 1997 the CFS provided respondents with a listing of

SCTG codes and descriptions at the five-digit level to usein assigning a commodity code for each shipment. Forshipments of more than one commodity, we instructedrespondents to use the five-digit code for the major com-modity, defined as the commodity of greatest total weightin the shipment.Additional information on the SCTG system can be

found on the Internet through the BTS web page athttp://www.bts.gov. Comments or questions on the SCTGshould be directed to http://[email protected].

APPENDIX D D–1TRANSPORTATON—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


Appendix E.Sample Report Forms and Instructions

The sample report forms and instructions are shown on the following pages.

Note: The CFS-2000 was sent to a subsample of establishments to obtain additional informationabout the use of transportation equipment and facilities.

APPENDIX E E–1TRANSPORTATION—COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY


TRANSPORTATION–COMMODITY FLOW SURVEYAPPENDIX EE–2


OMB No. 0607-0828: Approval Expires 10/31/99U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

BUREAU OF THE CENSUSFORM(11-1-96)

CFS-1000

YOUR RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Title 13, United States Code, requires businesses and other organizationsthat receive this questionnaire to answer the questions and return the report to the Census Bureau. By the same law,YOUR CENSUS REPORT IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by Census Bureau employees and may be usedonly for statistical purposes. Further, copies retained in respondents’ files are immune from legal process.

Item A

Is this establishment’s physical location the sameas the address shown in the label? (PO boxes or rural routes are not physical locations.)

CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION

(Please correct any error in name, address, and ZIP Code)

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS1201 East 10th Street Jeffersonville IN 47132-0001

Please enter the total number of outbound shipments(or deliveries), including customer pick-up, for theone-week reporting period shown above. If book figuresare not available, please provide your best estimate.

In operationTemporarily or seasonally inactiveCeased operation — Give date

Item C

Item D

1

2

YesNo — Enter physical location below.

Number and street

State ZIP Code

Month

Item B Mark (X) the ONE box which best describes thisestablishment during the one-week period shownabove.

Is the establishment name shown in the mailing address correct?

1 Yes2 No — Enter correct name.

1997 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

City, town, village, etc.

Reporting period:

Please return by:

RETURN TO

Through this survey, we are requesting data on arepresentative sample of your outbound shipments, to helpus produce key statistics used by transportation plannersand managers. We greatly appreciate your assistance in thisprogram.

BEFORE COMPLETING YOUR REPORT, please read theaccompanying instruction guide. If book figures are notavailable for requested data, please provide estimates. If youhave any questions, please call 1–800–772–7851.

This number should reflect all shipments and deliveries leaving this location during the one-week reporting period. Please seeInstruction Guide for a definition of"shipment."

1

2

3

©

Day Year

NOTE — The rest of this questionnaire requests information aboutshipments (or deliveries) from the establishment located at theaddress in the mailing label.

DO NOT PROCEED UNTIL YOU HAVECOMPLETED ITEM D.

If you entered a different address in item C — Please complete theform for shipments originating from the location listed in item C.

TRANSPORTATION–COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY APPENDIX E E–3


0

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Page 2 FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)

FINDING YOUR SELECTION RATE

Please enter yourselection rate.

Lin

e N

o.

Shipmentdate

Shipment value(excluding

shipping costs) in wholedollars

Shipment weightin pounds

Commoditycode from

SCTG ManualCommodity description

(a)

(c)

(b) (d) (e) (f)Mo

nth

Day

Mode of transport codesfor columns (k) and (n)

2 — Private truck3 — For-hire truck

Item F SHIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS

1 — Parcel delivery, courier, or U.S.Postal Service

4 — Railroad

Item E SAMPLING INSTRUCTIONS

If you reported 40 or fewer shipments in item D, please enter "1" as your selection rate in the box below, thengo directly to item F and enter the information for each of your shipments.

CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE. —

Number of shipments enteredin item D Selection rate

1—

41—

81—

101—

201—

1

2

3

5

10

20

40

80

160

320

Continued

40

80

100

200

400

800

1600

3200

If ahazardousmaterial,enter the"UN" or

"NA"number

(g)

Our goal in this section is to identify a sample of your shipments that you will provide data on. Through theuse of a sample, we can avoid asking you for information on all of your shipments, while still obtainingstatistically accurate information.

4

4

26

26

4,235

125,300

140

626,500

3

1

1

1

Electrical transformers

Gasoline

2

0

0

0

5

7

In the table at right, identifythe selection rate thatcorresponds to the numberyou entered in item D, andenter it in the box below.

If you reported 41 or more shipments in item D, we will now ask you to select and report on a sample of yourshipments. Following the steps below will result in a sample of 20 to 40 shipments to report on in item F.

401—

801—

1601—

More than 12800

6400

12800

3201—

6401—

Call Census at 1–800–772–7851

(h)

ShipmentID

Number

123-5

402H 1 0 32


Page 3FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)

0

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

PLEASE CONTINUE ON PAGE 4.

Mode(s) oftransport to

U.S.destination

Enter all thatapply in order

used. Usecodes below.

(k)

(j) (m)

U.S. destination(Complete for all shipments.)

City ZIP Code

Foreign destination(for export shipments only)

City

Lin

e N

o.

(o)

Expo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)

Expo

rt m

ode

(n)Country

8 — Air 0 — Unknown

1. Use the file or combination of files that best reflects your full range of outbound shipping activities.

5 — Shallow draft vessel6 — Deep draft vessel

7 — Pipeline 9 — Other mode

2. Begin with the first shipment. Count the shipments until you reach your selection rate. Select thisshipment to report on in item F.

3. Continue counting with the next shipment. Count this shipment as 1 and continue until you reach theselection rate again. Select this shipment to report on in item F.

In thefollowingexamples,eachrectanglerepresentsoneshipment.

Once you have selected your sample of shipments, please proceed to item F and enter the requested informationfor each selected shipment. Examples of completed lines for two shipments are provided on lines "0" and "00" below.

If you have difficulties constructing a file of shipments or have questions about how to select the sample ofyour shipments, please call our toll-free number for assistance: 1–800–772–7851.

12

34

51

23

45

12

If the selectionrate is 5, select every fifth shipment.

If the selectionrate is 2, select every other shipment.

12

12

.1

21

Select

Select

Select

Select

2 Select

.

.1

Select

Select

2, 4, 3

5

Los Angeles

New York

C

N

A

Y

9

1

0

0

4

5

N

Y

0

4

0

4

4. Repeat step 3 until you reach the last shipment for the one-week period. If the last shipment is counted as the selection rate, select this shipment to report on in item F. If the last shipment is not counted as the selection rate, do not report this shipment.

State

SELECTING YOUR SAMPLE OF SHIPMENTS

Note: In column (j) enter the U.S. port,airport, or border crossing of exit.

Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)

N

N London England 6



Lin

e N

o.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

(a)

30

31

32

33

34



Page 4 FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)

Item F SHIPMENT CHARACTERISTICS — Continued


4 — RailroadContinued

Shipment date

(c)

Mo

nth

Day




Commoditycode from


(b) (d) (e) (f)


"NA"number

(g) (h)

ShipmentID

Number



7 — Pipeline8 — Air

Lin

e N

o.

Page 5FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)

(o)

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33


9 — Other mode0 — Unknown


Expo

rt m

ode

(n)


U.S.destination



(k)

(j) (m)


City ZIP Code


CityExpo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)CountryState


Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)



35

36

37

38

39

40

Page 6 FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)

Lin

e N

o.

(a)





4 — Railroad

Name of person to contact regarding this report – Please print Telephone number – Include area code

Item J CERTIFICATION

Continued

Signature Title

Date

Shipment date

(c)M

on

th

Day

Item G 1.

2.

Item H

Yes

Yes

Enter the total value of shipments for theone-week reporting period. This figureshould represent all products leaving thisestablishment for the one-week period.An estimate is acceptable.

Total value in whole dollars

3.

Yes

No

No

No

If yes to item G1 or item G2:




Commoditycode from


(b) (d) (e) (f)


"NA"number

(g) (h)

ShipmentID

Number

Would it be easier to receive a separatequestionnaire for each file or eachshipment site?

Are the records for outbound shipmentsfrom this location maintained in a numberof separate files (e.g., separate files foreach commodity, or for each shippingsite) at this location?

Do this establishment’s outboundshipments leave more than one sitewithin this physical location?

Yes

In the last three months did this locationhave any individual shipments with avalue over $2,000,000?

No

Item I



Page 7FORM CFS-1000 (11-1-96)




THANK YOU FOR COMPLETING YOUR REPORT

35

36

37

38

39

40

Lin

e N

o.

(o)

Expo

rt m

ode

(n)


U.S.destination



(k)

(j) (m)


City ZIP Code


City

Expo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)CountryState


Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)

Remarks



OMB No. 0607-0828: Approval Expires 10/31/99U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

BUREAU OF THE CENSUSFORM(6-9-97)

CFS-2000

YOUR RESPONSE IS REQUIRED BY LAW. Title 13, United States Code, requires businesses and other organizationsthat receive this questionnaire to answer the questions and return the report to the Census Bureau. By the same law,YOUR CENSUS REPORT IS CONFIDENTIAL. It may be seen only by Census Bureau employees and may be usedonly for statistical purposes. Further, copies retained in respondents’ files are immune from legal process.

Item A

Is this establishment’s physical location the sameas the address shown in the label? (PO boxes or rural routes are not physical locations.)

CENSUS OF TRANSPORTATION

(Please correct any error in name, address, and ZIP Code)

BUREAU OF THE CENSUS1201 East 10th Street Jeffersonville IN 47132-0001

Please enter the total number of outbound shipments(or deliveries), including customer pick-up, for theone-week reporting period shown above. If book figuresare not available, please provide your best estimate.

In operationTemporarily or seasonally inactiveCeased operation — Give date

Item C

Item D

1

2

YesNo — Enter physical location below.

Number and street

State ZIP Code

Month

Item B Mark (X) the ONE box which best describes thisestablishment during the one-week period shownabove.

Is the establishment name shown in the mailing address correct?

1 Yes2 No — Enter correct name.

1997 COMMODITY FLOW SURVEY

City, town, village, etc.

Reporting period:

Please return by:

RETURN TO

Through this survey, we are requesting data on arepresentative sample of your outbound shipments, to helpus produce key statistics used by transportation plannersand managers. We greatly appreciate your assistance in thisprogram.

BEFORE COMPLETING YOUR REPORT, please read theaccompanying instruction guide. If book figures are notavailable for requested data, please provide estimates. If youhave any questions, please call 1–800–772–7851.

This number should reflect all shipments and deliveries leaving this location during the one-week reporting period. Please seeInstruction Guide for a definition of"shipment."

1

2

3

©

Day Year

NOTE — The rest of this questionnaire requests information aboutshipments (or deliveries) from the establishment located at theaddress in the mailing label.

DO NOT PROCEED UNTIL YOU HAVECOMPLETED ITEM D.

If you entered a different address in item C — Please complete theform for shipments originating from the location listed in item C.



0

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Page 2 FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)

FINDING YOUR SELECTION RATE

Please enter yourselection rate.

Lin

e N

o.

Shipmentdate




Commoditycode from


(a)

(c)

(b) (d) (e) (f)Mo

nth

Day





4 — Railroad

Item E SAMPLING INSTRUCTIONS

If you reported 40 or fewer shipments in item D, please enter "1" as your selection rate in the box below, thengo directly to item F and enter the information for each of your shipments.

Number of shipments enteredin item D Selection rate

1—

41—

81—

101—

201—

1

2

3

5

10

20

40

80

160

320

Continued

40

80

100

200

400

800

1600

3200


"NA"number

(g)

Our goal in this section is to identify a sample of your shipments that you will provide data on. Through theuse of a sample, we can avoid asking you for information on all of your shipments, while still obtainingstatistically accurate information.

4

4

26

26

4,235

125,300

140

626,500

3

1

1

1


Gasoline

2

0

0

0

5

7

In the table at right, identifythe selection rate thatcorresponds to the numberyou entered in item D, andenter it in the box below.

If you reported 41 or more shipments in item D, we will now ask you to select and report on a sample of yourshipments. Following the steps below will result in a sample of 20 to 40 shipments to report on in item F.

401—

801—

1601—

More than 12800

6400

12800

3201—

6401—

Call Census at 1–800–772–7851

(h)

ShipmentID

Number

123-5

402H 1 0 32

CONTINUE ON NEXT PAGE.



Page 3FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)

0

00

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9



U.S.destination



(k)

(j) (m)


City ZIP Code


City

Lin

e N

o.

(o)

Expo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)

Expo

rt m

ode

(n)Country

8 — Air 0 — Unknown

1. Use the file or combination of files that best reflects your full range of outbound shipping activities.


7 — Pipeline 9 — Other mode

2. Begin with the first shipment. Count the shipments until you reach your selection rate. Select thisshipment to report on in item F.

3. Continue counting with the next shipment. Count this shipment as 1 and continue until you reach theselection rate again. Select this shipment to report on in item F.

In thefollowingexamples,eachrectanglerepresentsoneshipment.

Once you have selected your sample of shipments, please proceed to item F and enter the requested informationfor each selected shipment. Examples of completed lines for two shipments are provided on lines "0" and "00" below.

If you have difficulties constructing a file of shipments or have questions about how to select the sample ofyour shipments, please call our toll-free number for assistance: 1–800–772–7851.

12

34

51

23

45

12

If the selectionrate is 5, select every fifth shipment.

If the selectionrate is 2, select every other shipment.

12

12

.1

21

Select

Select

Select

Select

2 Select

.

.1

Select

Select

2, 4, 3

5

Los Angeles

New York

C

N

A

Y

9

1

0

0

4

5

N

Y

0

4

0

4

4. Repeat step 3 until you reach the last shipment for the one-week period. If the last shipment is counted as the selection rate, select this shipment to report on in item F. If the last shipment is not counted as the selection rate, do not report this shipment.

State

SELECTING YOUR SAMPLE OF SHIPMENTS


Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)

N

N London England 6



Lin

e N

o.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

(a)

30

31

32

33

34



Page 4 FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)




Shipment date

(c)

Mo

nth

Day




Commoditycode from


(b) (d) (e) (f)


"NA"number

(g) (h)

ShipmentID

Number




Lin

e N

o.

Page 5

(o)

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33




Expo

rt m

ode

(n)


U.S.destination



(k)

(j) (m)


City ZIP Code


CityExpo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)CountryState


Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)

FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)



35

36

37

38

39

40

Lin

e N

o.

(a)






Shipment date

(c)M

on

th

Day




Commoditycode from


(b) (d) (e) (f)


"NA"number

(g) (h)

ShipmentID

Number

Page 6 FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)

Item I

Enter the total dollar value of all shipments for theone-week reporting period. This figure shouldrepresent all products leaving this establishment forthe one-week period. An estimate is acceptable.

Total value in whole dollarsYes

In the last three months did this location haveany individual shipments with a value over$2,000,000?

No

Item HItem G

AVAILABILITY AND USE OF ON-SITE SHIPPING FACILITIES

In column (b), check "Yes" or "No" for each type of shipping facility to indicate whether or not this type of facilityexisted on-site during 1997. For each "Yes" in column (b), check "Yes" or "No" in column (c) to indicate whether ornot you used the facility on your premises for outbound shipments during 1997.

Type of shipping facility

(a)

Was a shipping facility of this typeon your premises during 1997?

Did you use this facility on yourpremises for outbound shipmentsduring 1997?

1. Rail siding

Dock on the Great Lakes

Dock on inland water

Airport/landing strip capable ofhandling your shipments

Pipeline terminal

YesNo

(b) (c)

2.

3.

5.

6.

YesNo

Dock on deep sea water4.

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2



1 – Trailer on Flat Car (TOFC)2 – Private Truck

Item J USE OF OFF-SITE SHIPPING FACILITIES

In column (b), check "Yes" or "No" for each type of shipping facility to indicate whether or not you used an off-sitefacility of that type for outbound shipments during 1997. For each "Yes", enter the miles to that off-site facility incolumn (c), and the mode of transport used to reach that facility in column (d). The modes are listed below.

Type of shipping facility

(a)

Did you use this type of off-sitefacility for outboundshipments during 1997?

Distance to the off-site facility of thistype that you used most in 1997(Report in miles – estimates areacceptable)

1. Rail siding

Dock on inland water

Dock on deep sea water

Airport/landing strip capable of handling your shipments

Pipeline terminal

YesNo

(b) (c)

2.

3.

5.

6.

Dock on the Great Lakes

4.

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

Mode of transport usedto reach that facility(Enter a code from thelist below)

(d)

3 – For-Hire Truck4 – Rail

7 – Air 8 – Other

5 – Water6 – Pipeline

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

Page 7FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)





35

36

37

38

39

40

Lin

e N

o.

(o)

Expo

rt m

ode

(n)


U.S.destination



(k)

(j) (m)


City ZIP Code


City

Expo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)CountryState


Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)



Item K

Page 8 FORM CFS-2000 (6-9-97)

USE AND AVAILABILITY OF TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT

During 1997, did this location use any of the following types of equipment for outbound shipments? Please check "Yes" or "No." Forrail cars reported in number 1 below, enter the approximate percentage of your total outbound rail shipments that used that type ofrail car. These percentages should add to 100%. If you had no rail shipments, leave the percentages blank.

Equipment

(a)

Was this type of equipmentused for outbound shipments

during 1993?

Percentage of total rail shipments

1. Rail cars that:

Your company owned/leased

Trucks with 6 or more tires ortruck-tractors that:

Aircraft that your company owned or leased

Barges that your company owned or leased

YesNo

(b) (c)

a.

2.

4.

5.

Truck trailers that your company owned or leased3.

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

A common carrier owned/leasedb.

Another party owned/leased (e.g. receiver)c.

Your company owneda.

Your company leased, with driverb.

Your company leased, without driverc.

Other equipment that your company owned or leased – Specify6.

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

YesNo

Item L

During 1997, who generally decided on the mode of transportation for your outbound shipments? Check the appropriate box.

Your company Receiver of shipment Other

Remarks

Name of person to contact regarding this report – Please print

Signature

Telephone number – Include area code Date

Title

Item M CERTIFICATION

TRANSPORTATION DECISIONS

1 2 3

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2

1

2



CFS-1100(11-7-96)

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCEBUREAU OF THE CENSUS

Some instructions are included on the questionnaire itself. However,due to space limitations, most of the instructions and definitions areincluded in separate reference materials. These include this instructionguide, and a listing of commodity codes to be used for classifyingindividual shipments in this survey.

Instructions forCompleting the

Commodity Flow Survey

TIPS FOR COMPLETING THE CFS QUESTIONNAIRE

Please read all instructions.

You may use estimates if book figures are not readily available.

If you have questions about completing the survey, a Census Bureaurepresentative will be glad to assist you. You can call us at 1-800-772-7851.



CFS-1100 (11-7-96)Page 2

PART I – GENERAL INFORMATION

Frequently Asked Questions About the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS)

The results of the CFS are used by transportation policy makersto analyze future transportation needs.

Who reports in the CFS?

The CFS covers a sample of establishments in the mining,manufacturing, wholesale, and selected retail industries.

Why is my participation important?

Your establishment was selected as part of a sample designed torepresent a wide range of industries and geographic regions.

Your report helps ensure quality results.

Is this survey mandatory?

Yes. The CFS is mandatory under the authority of Title 13,United States Code (USC).

Will my data be kept confidential?

Yes. The same law that requires your participation, Title 13,USC, also guarantees your data will be kept strictly confidential.

The reports you provide the Census Bureau cannot be used forpurposes of taxation, regulation, or investigation.

Your report is used only to develop summary data that do notreveal the activities of individual firms or establishments.

How often must I report?

You will be sent four questionnaires in all: one during eachquarter of 1997.

The CFS will not be conducted again until 2002.

Why are you conducting the CFS?

The CFS produces valuable measures of the demands on thenation’s transportation system.



CFS-1100 (11-7-96) Page 3

PART II – INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING YOUR QUESTIONNAIRE

Items A – C

Please enter the information requested on your establishment’s name,operational status, and physical location.

Item D

Enter in the space provided your total number of outbound shipments for theone week reporting period on the front of the questionnaire.

Please include in this count any materials picked up by the customer("customer pick-up").

What we mean by a "shipment":

For the purposes of this survey, a shipment is a single movement of goods,commodities, products, etc. from your location to a customer or to anotherlocation of your company.

"Commodities" refer to items that your location produces, sells, or distributes,not to items that are considered by-products of your location’s operation.

Do not include as shipments items such as inter-office memos, payroll checks,business correspondence, etc.

Do not include as shipments items such as refuse, scrap paper, waste, andrecyclable materials unless your location is in the business of selling orproviding these materials to others.

A special note about "shipments":

A full, or partial, truckload should be counted as a single shipment only if allthe commodities on the truck are destined for one location.If a truck makes multiple deliveries on a route, please count each stop asone shipment.

Item E: Sampling Instructions

If you reported 40 or fewer shipments in Item D, complete Item F (ShipmentCharacteristics) for all of your shipments covered by the one-week reportingperiod.

If you reported more than 40 shipments in Item D, follow the instructions inItem E in order to select a sample of shipments on which to report in Item F.

By asking you to select a sample of your shipments for the one-weekreporting period, we avoid asking you for information on all yourshipments, while still obtaining statistically accurate information.

Reminder:

We’re here to answer your questions! If you have questions about thesampling process (or any part of the questionnaire) please call us at1-800-772-7851.

The files you are sampling from should reflect the fullrange of your location’s shipping activities in terms of modes oftransportation used, commodities shipped, and destinations.

What we don’t mean by a "shipment":



CFS-1100 (11-7-96)Page 4

PART II – INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING YOUR QUESTIONNAIRE – Continued

Item F: Shipment Characteristics

Shipment Date (column c) – Enter the month and day of the shipment. If shipmentdate is not available, use the invoice/shipping document date. Use numbers only.

Shipment ID Number (column b) – Enter the invoice number, shipment number, orsome other unique identification number that your establishment could use to find thisparticular shipping document if questions arise regarding your report.

Shipment Value (column d) – Enter the dollar value, in whole dollars, of the entireshipment. The value should not include freight charges or excise taxes (i.e., report thenet selling value, f.o.b. plant). If the value is not readily available from your records,please estimate.

Shipment Weight (column e) – Enter the weight of the total shipment in wholepounds. If weight is not readily available from your records, please estimate.

Commodity Code (column f) – Please use the list of Standard Classification ofTransported Goods (SCTG) Codes in the enclosed SCTG Manual to select the propercode. For shipments with more than one commodity, enter only the code for thecommodity with the greatest weight.

v

v

v

v

v

v Commodity Description (column g) – Enter a brief description of the commodityshipped. For shipments with more than one commodity, describe only the commoditywith the greatest weight. Do not use trade names, catalog numbers, or other codes notfamiliar to persons outside your business.

0

00

1

2

3

4

Lin

e N

o.

Shipmentdate




Commoditycode from


(a)

(c)

(b) (d) (e) (f)Mo

nth

Day






(g)

4

4

26

26

4,235

125,300

140

626,500

3

1

1

1


Gasoline

2

0

0

0

6

7

ShipmentID

Number

123-5

123-6



CFS-1100 (11-7-96) Page 5


Item F: Shipment Characteristics – Continued

v

v

v

v

For Hazardous Materials (column h) – If shipment is a hazardous material, enter the4-digit United Nations or North American number.

Containerized (column i) – Indicate whether or not the shipment was containerized byentering "Y" or "N" (yes or no). Containerized means that the shipment left yourestablishment in an intermodal container or stackable tank without permanentlyattached wheels. These containers typically vary from 20 to 53 feet in length, and arecarried on truck chassis, trains, and ships.

U.S. Destination: City, State, and ZIP Code (column j) – For domestic shipments,enter the city, state, and 5-digit ZIP Code of the buyer/receiver as it appears on theshipping document. Use the "ship to" address. Use the two letter state abbreviationshown in Part IV.

For export shipments, report the U.S. port of exit as the destinationcity. The port of exit is the port or airport from which the shipment left thecountry. In case of land shipments into Mexico or Canada, it is the bordercrossing.

Mode(s) of Transport (column k) – Enter the code(s) for all modes of transport usedfor the shipment to its U.S. destination (i.e., the destination reported in column j). Codesare located on the bottom of pages 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the questionnaire. Enter in thesequence used, all that apply. See Part III for definitions of each mode.

For Customer Pick-up: Report the mode(s) of transportation used, ifknown. Otherwise, report mode as "0" (unknown).

For Export Shipments: List only the mode(s) of transport used to reachthe port, airport, or border crossing of exit.


U.S.destination

Enter all thatapply using

codes shownbelow.

(k)

(j)

U.S. destination

City ZIP Code

2, 4, 3Los Angeles C A 9 0 40 0

State

Con

tain

eriz

ed?

(Y/N

)

(i)

N


"NA"number

(h)

5New York N Y 1 0 54 4N



CFS-1100 (11-7-96)Page 6


Item F: Shipment Characteristics – Continued

v

v

v

Export Shipment (column l) – Indicate whether or not the shipment is intended forexport outside of the United States, by entering a "Y" or "N" (yes or no). For purposes ofthis survey, shipments to Puerto Rico and U.S. territories and possessions areconsidered exports.

Foreign Destination: City and Country (column m) –- If the shipment is an export,enter the foreign city and country of destination. For U.S. Destination (column j),enter the U.S. port , airport, or border crossing of exit. In column (k), enter the mode oftransport used to the U.S. destination.

Export Mode (column n) – If the shipment is an export, enter the code for the mode oftransport by which the shipment left the country. Codes are located at the bottom ofpages 2, 3, 4, and 5 of the questionnaire.

Items G – I

Please enter the information requested.

Item J: Certification

Please enter the name and telephone number of the person to contact in the event thatwe have a question about your report.

0

00

1

2

3

4

5

(m)


CityLi

ne

No

.(o)

Expo

rt?

(Y/N

)

(l)

Expo

rt m

ode

(n)Country

N

Y


London England 6



CFS-1100 (11-7-96) Page 7

PART III – MODE DEFINITIONS

Parcel delivery/Courier/U.S. Postal Service – Delivery services that carry letters, parcels,packages, and other small shipments that typically weigh less than 100 pounds. Includes busparcel delivery service.

Private truck – Trucks operated by a temporary or permanent employee of thisestablishment or the buyer/receiver of the shipment.

For-hire truck – Trucks that carry freight for a fee collected from the shipper, recipient of theshipment, or an arranger of the transportation.

Railroad– Any common carrier or private railroad.

Shallow draft vessel – Barges, ships, or ferries operating primarily on rivers and canals; inharbors, the Great Lakes, the Saint Lawrence Seaway; the Intracoastal Waterway, the InsidePassage to Alaska, major bays and inlets; or in the ocean close to the shoreline.

Deep draft vessel – Barges, ships, or ferries operating primarily in the open ocean.Shipping on the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence Seaway is classified with shallow draftvesels.

Pipeline – Movements of oil, petroleum, gas, slurry, etc. through pipelines that extend toother establishments or locations beyond the shipper’s establishment. Aqueducts for themovement of water are not included.

Air – Commercial or private aircraft, and all air service for shipments that typically weighmore than 100 pounds. Includes air freight and air express.

Other mode – Any mode not listed above.

Unknown – The shipment was not carried by a parcel delivery/courier/U.S. Postal service,and you cannot determine what mode of transportation is used.

Note: Commodities that are "shipped" under their own power, such as boats, barges, ferries,ships, aircraft, trucks, and trains should be classified with the appropriate mode above.Commodities shipped under their own power for which an appropriate mode is not listed(e.g., buses, recreational vehicles) should be listed as "other" mode.



FORM CFS-1100 (11-4-96)Page 8

PART IV -- STATE ABBREVIATION LIST

State

Alabama

West Virginia

NOTICE - We estimate that it will take an average of 2 hours to complete this form. Thisincludes time to read instructions, assemble and review information, and record answers onthe form. If you have any comments regarding this estimate or any other aspect of thissurvey, send them to the Associate Director for Administration, Attn: Paperwork ReductionProject 0607-0189, Room 3104, Federal Building 3, Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC20233-0001. Respondents are not required to respond to any information collection unless itdisplays a valid approval number in the top right corner on the front of the questionnaire.

Abbrev. State Abbrev.

MO

AL

Alaska AK

Arizona AZ

Arkansas AR

California CA

Colorado CO

Connecticut CT

Delaware DE

Dist. of Col. DC

Florida FL

Georgia GA

Hawaii HI

Idaho ID

Illinois IL

Indiana IN

Iowa IA

Kansas KS

Kentucky KY

Louisiana LA Maine ME

Maryland MD

Massachusetts MA

Michigan MI

Minnesota MN

Mississippi MS

Missouri

Montana MT

Nebraska NE

Nevada NV

New Hampshire NH

New Jersey NJ

NM

New York NY

North Carolina NC

North Dakota ND

Ohio OH

Oklahoma OK

Oregon OR

Pennsylvania PA

Rhode Island

South Carolina SC

South Dakota SD

Tennessee TN

Texas

VT

Virginia VA

Washington WA

New Mexico

TX

Utah UT

Vermont

WV

Wisconsin WI

Wyoming WY

RI


EC97TCF-ID

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o1997EconomicCensus

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ityFlow

Survey

US

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Transportation, 1997 Commodity Flow Survey, Idaho24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture 25...

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Transcript of Transportation, 1997 Commodity Flow Survey, Idaho24 Lumber and wood products, except furniture 25...