Transnational communication and lsquoglocalisationrsquoThe impact on language policy

Federico GobboFGobbouvanl

LPP2014 Colloquium Comparing language policies at different levels ofgovernance against the back-drop of globalization

4 Sep 2014 Calgary Canada1 de 25

English now current perceptions

Apocalyptics vs integrated

Paraphrasing Umberto Eco there are two opposite reactions to Englishnow the lsquoapocalypticsrsquo who are intellectuals who fear that Englishruins or destroy the existance of other languages and the lsquointegratedrsquointellectuals who embrace the change as a world of new challenges

3 de 25

Reactions to English by language policy scholars

groups apocalyptics integratedlanguage as identity marker neutral commodity

main issue power communication

metaphor imperialism market

conceptual frame ecolinguistics postmodernism

English or Englishes

5 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

English now current perceptions

Apocalyptics vs integrated

Paraphrasing Umberto Eco there are two opposite reactions to Englishnow the lsquoapocalypticsrsquo who are intellectuals who fear that Englishruins or destroy the existance of other languages and the lsquointegratedrsquointellectuals who embrace the change as a world of new challenges

3 de 25

Reactions to English by language policy scholars

groups apocalyptics integratedlanguage as identity marker neutral commodity

main issue power communication

metaphor imperialism market

conceptual frame ecolinguistics postmodernism

English or Englishes

5 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Apocalyptics vs integrated

Paraphrasing Umberto Eco there are two opposite reactions to Englishnow the lsquoapocalypticsrsquo who are intellectuals who fear that Englishruins or destroy the existance of other languages and the lsquointegratedrsquointellectuals who embrace the change as a world of new challenges

3 de 25

Reactions to English by language policy scholars

groups apocalyptics integratedlanguage as identity marker neutral commodity

main issue power communication

metaphor imperialism market

conceptual frame ecolinguistics postmodernism

English or Englishes

5 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Reactions to English by language policy scholars

groups apocalyptics integratedlanguage as identity marker neutral commodity

main issue power communication

metaphor imperialism market

conceptual frame ecolinguistics postmodernism

English or Englishes

5 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

English or Englishes

5 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Identity and English in the Krachuvian circless

circle Inner Outer Expandinglanguage is native adopted pragmatic

norm providing developing dependent

sense of property belonging thirdness

6 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Thirdness of English as a Lingua Franca

Non-native interactions are often enriched by expressions borrowedfrom the other lingua-cultural backgrounds of the speakers creating ahybrid space a lsquothirdnessrsquo

a lingua franca can also serve expressive purposes People wantto be expressive and creative when they communicate even in aforeign language and phraseology because of its imagery and itsconnotative potential is a means of achieving this (Fiedler201190)

7 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

A situational definition of ELF

the argument that such standard varieties as world Englishglobal English or lingua Franca English are to be cultivated forassuring intelligibility in international communication andwriting is spurious The Inner Circle varieties are not alwaysmutually intelligible (Kachru amp Smith 20096)

ELF can be saved as a context-dependent fluid variety of English usedevery time natives speakers are not involved When a native speakercomes at any level of the communication process all the magic ofELF vanishes

8 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Metaphors of English in globalisation

the fascination of Latin ndash Roman and British Empires incomparison [sic]

the Mediterranean Lingua Franca ndash bilateral pidgin

Globish by J-P Nerrier Ogdenrsquos Basic English ndash revised

9 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Towards a lsquoglocalrsquo languagepolicy model

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

The linguistic interstices

the very technology that drives communities apart also offersopportunities for the maintenance of linguistic and cultural tiesif more people are drifting apart more people are also driftingback together It is possible to live on one side of the world andmaintain active ties with the other The old notion of thesingle isolated fully self-sufficient language may be fadingbefore a different model ndash that of the language functioning inlinguistic interstices co-existing with other languages (Tonkin ampReagan 200313)

11 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

How many levels of analysis

Usually the levels of analysis are three eg Crystal (2003)

1 international English (always)

2 national languages well Ausbauized (see Tosco)

3 local minority languages

12 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Three is not enough

Calvet (2006 1999) proposes four levels instead of three

1 hyper-central English

2 super-central about 10 languages Arabic Chinese French HindiMalay Portuguese Russian Spanish Swahili

3 central about 100 languages

4 peripherical languages +5000 languages

13 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Calvetrsquos galaxy of languages

French Hindi Bambara Wolof1 hyper-central English English English English

2 super-central French Hindi French French

3 central (empty) Gujarati Bambara Wolof

4 peripherical Occitan (empty) regional lang Serere Diola

14 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

The possible levels of transnational communication

Integrated Regional LFaelig Migrant Alternative1 ELF

2 eg francophonie

3 eg L2 Dutchin Amsterdam

4 Esperanto

15 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25

Thank you for your attention

Questions Ideas

If not now send them afterwards to

FGobbouvanl

Download and share this presentation from here

httpfedericogobbonameen2014php

CCcopy BYcopy $copy Ccopy Federico Gobbo 2014

16 de 25