Transmission shortest path using cuckoo search algorithm ... · Transmission shortest path using...

Transmission shortest path using cuckoo search

algorithm considering Black-start generators

R Hariharan1, Dr.P.Usha Rani2 Ravi Raju. A

[3], HM. Panchaksharaiah Swamy

[2] 1Resarch Scholar, Department of Electrical & Electronics, Saveetha School of Engineering,

Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India, [email protected]. 2 Professor, Department of Electrical & Electronic, R.M.D Engineering College, Chennai, India,

[email protected] 3,4U.G. Scholar, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Saveetha School of

Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Science, Chennai 1

Abstract

Power system restoration process is a tedious process in power system. It takes maximum

time to restore the system. It is a complex process, it having many steps to restore the system as

generator start-up, network reconfiguration and load pickup. This paper proposed to find the

shortest transmission path for activate the NBS unit and Load using Cuckoo search algorithm for

fast restoration process. This algorithm tested in IEEE 14 bus system by Virtual instrumentation.

Result shows the path information and weight index value with all the constraints are satisfied.

Keywords: BS Unit, NBS Unit, Transmission shortest path, Blackout Restoration

1. Introduction

Blackout is long-term shortage in power system. It’s happened due to system (equipment)

failure, natural disaster, and unbalance generation demand power and constraints violation.

International Journal of Pure and Applied MathematicsVolume 119 No. 12 2018, 15945-15956ISSN: 1314-3395 (on-line version)url: http://www.ijpam.euSpecial Issue ijpam.eu

15945

Blackout restoration process is a complex process in the power system. Many strategies are using

to restore the system effectively. But still it was having so many flops in the process.

[1],[3],[4]Blackout restorations having the following steps are [15] Generator star-up strategy,

network reconfiguration and load pickup. After sectionalized the power system by Subsystem as

an island, then it restores the system parallel manner. Then all the subsystem synchronizes

together with all the constraints are satisfied. In Network reconfiguration to find the path to start

the Non-Black start unit generator and Pick-up the critical load [14]. [10]Many shortest path

algorithms are used as dijikstars algorithm [13], graph theory [12], [16] and OBDD [11] method

is used to restore the system.

Finding the transmission shortest path from one node to another node is the important

task in the power system restoration process for pick upload or start up the NBS unit. So many

algorithms are followed for to find the shortest path algorithm but it takes much computation

time. Here proposing cuckoo search algorithm for to find the transmission shortest path with all

the constraints are satisfied.

[9]Cuckoo is interesting winged creatures, not just on account of the lovely sounds they

can make, yet additionally in view of their forceful generation methodology. A few animal

categories, for example, the aniand Guiracuckoos lay their eggs in mutual homes, in spite of the

fact that they may expel others' eggs to build the bring forth likelihood of their own eggs [12]. A

significant number of animal types connect with the commit brood parasitism by laying their

eggs in the homes of other host winged animals (frequently different species). There are three

fundamental sorts of brood parasitism: intraspecific brood parasitism, agreeable rearing, and

home takeover. Some host flying creatures can draw in coordinate clash with the barging in

cuckoos. In the event that a host fowl finds the eggs are not their possesses, they will either

discard these outsider eggs or essentially surrender its home and construct another home

somewhere else. Some cuckoo species, for example, the New World brood-parasiticTaperahave

advanced in such a way that female parasitic cuckoos are frequently extremely represented

considerable authority in the mimicry in shading and example of the eggs of a couple of picked

have species . This decreases the likelihood of their eggs being relinquished and in this way

expands their reproductively. What's more, the planning of egg-laying of a few animal types is

too astonishing. Parasitic cuckoos frequently pick a home where the host feathered creature

simply laid its own particular eggs. As a rule, the cuckoo eggs incubate marginally sooner than

their host eggs. Once the principal cuckoo chick is brought forth, the main intuition move it will

make is to remove the have eggs by indiscriminately moving the eggs out of the home, which

builds the cuckoo chick's offer of sustenance, gave by its host feathered creature. Concentrates

likewise demonstrate that a cuckoo chick can likewise mirror the call of host chicks to access all

the more encouraging open door.

International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Special Issue

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2. OBJECTIVE FUNCTION

Find the shortest path between two bus-bars with minimum number of CB Operation with the

constraints is satisfied.

2.1 PROBLEM CONSTRAINTS

Pg > (Pick up Load)

3. RECOMMENDED SYSTEM

A new optimization algorithm, called Cuckoo Search (CS), was developed recently by Yang and

Deb (2009). The optimal solutions obtained by CS are far better than the best solutions obtained

by an efficient particle swarm optimizer. Proposed method will discuss the unique search

features used in CS and the implications for further research. Here cuckoo algorithm correct

shortest path from one node to another node. In cuckoo search algorithm check all the constraint

from all the combination path will calculate. Shortest path got selected.

This methodology is tested in IEEE 14 bus system by virtual instrumentation. Virtual

instrumentation IEEE 14 bus system busbar and line are representing by indicator. VI collect the

data from the IEEE 14 bus system. Depends upon the input it will identify the shortest path from

one node to another node with all the constraints are satisfied. Shortest path identified interim of

weight index value.


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Figure 1: Complete restoration strategy

Generation capability optimization

Transmissio n restrotoin

Distribution

restoration

Synchronization

Shortest path

algorithm by VI


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Figure 2 : Flow chart for Proposed system

Start

Obtain the Input information for

Starting node and Ending node ( Pg,

Pd,)

Depends upon the input it select the case in case structure loop in

Virtual instrumentation.

Set iter = 0 & initialize no of

intermax

Initialize the parameters, population of host nests, Dimension of each host nest &

Fraction of Worse nest

Rank the results and determine the best nest position (shortest path) and save its

solution for optimal solution.

Iter = Iter +1

Get a cuckoo by random walk from levy flight operation

result in new nests

Calculate objective function value for every new Position

(shortest path)

Get a cuckoo by random walk from levy flight operation result in new nests

& determine best nest, (best solution) among the initial nest.

Calculate objective function value for each new nest positions (New

Shortest path from one node to another with all the constraints

satisfied ).

Check the

stopping

criteria if iter =

iterMax

Yes

No

Print optimal solution Stop


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4. STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED FOR OPTIMIZATION

Step 1: Energize the Network topology

Step 2: Obtain the Circuit breaker status, Starting Busbar and Ending Busbar.

Step 3: Select the higher priority shortest path from one node to other node.

Step 4: Set the lower and upper limits for the constraints.

Step 5: Initiate random population of n host nests, iX for the circuit breaker status and total

binary weight of the path.

Step 6: Obtain cuckoo randomly using Levy flights, i

Step 7: Evaluate its fitness ( iF ) according to objective function.

Step 8: Get a nest randomly from population j.

Step 9: If ji FF , then go to step 11. If no go to step 12.

Step 10: Let j as the solution.

Step 11: Replace j as the new solution.

Step 12: If a fraction of nest is replaced by new nests then create a new nest at new location with

the help Levy flights.

Step 13: Choosing the best current nests.

Step 14: Allow the current best solution to the next generation.

Step 15: If maximum iteration is not reached then go to step 6, otherwise it is the best nest

(optimal solution).

Step 16: Display optimal solution.

5. Front panel and block diagram window for virtual instrumentation

Graphical coding is built in block diagram window in virtual instrumentation using

tools[18 -22]. In the window case loop structure tool is used to select the cases, depends upon the

case structure it produce the feasible output. Which case is satisfied that condition only

processed and other all the cases are idle mode. All the combination will compare then it choose

the feasible case by using cuckoo search algorithm. In block diagram comparator, arithmetic and

logical palette tool are used to build the proposed system.

Front panel of the system is user interface window. User can easily access the system

variation by virtual manner. Indicator tool are used in front panel for showing the results.


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Figure 3: Block diagram Virtual instrumentation window of proposed system

Figure 4: Front panel Virtual instrumentation window of proposed system


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6. Simulation result and discussion

Cuckoo search algorithm is used to find the shortest transmission path it’s tested in IEEE

14 bus system using virtual instrumentation with G coding. Initialize the population size,

constraint priority level in virtual instrumentation. Depend upon the input of the system state it

compute automatically is shows the fitness solution quickly. In front panel whatever variation to

apply in the bus, the system response quickly with the fitness solution.

In IEEE 14 bus system having 5 generators in that G0 is consider Black-start generator

and other all the generators are Non Black-start generators. In the front panel having Generator

black start unit control tool will select the NBS going to get cranking power from BS unit.

Depend upon the cuckoo search algorithm show the path by string indicator and weight of the

path.

In Figure1 shows G0 providing power to G1. At that period all the circuit breaker on close

condition so it select short path P12 and weight of the path is 1. In figure 2 (P1-P2) circuit

breaker is open so cuckoo search algorithm again computed. it show the next shortest path is

(P1-P5-P2) and weight of the path is 2.

Figure 5 : Shortest path as ( P1 –P2)


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Figure 6: Shortest path as ( P1 –P5 – P2)

Table 1 shows the combination of the shortest path from one node to another node and weight

Number of path, these are the conditions is include in the cuckoo search algorithm to find the

fitness solution.

TABLE 1: Possible combination on Transmission path for each BS unit to NBS unit in IEEE 14

bus Systems.

S.NO NBS BS Transmission path Weight/Number of

path

1 G0 G1 P12 1

P15-P52 2

P15-P54-P42 3

P15-P54-P43-P32 4

2 G0 G2 P15-P52-P23 4

P15-P54-P43 4

3 G0 G3 P15-P56 3


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P12-P24-P49-P910-P1011-P116 7

P12-P24-P49-P914-P1413-P136 7

4 G0 G4 P15-P54-P47-P78 4

P12-P24-P47-P78 4

P15-P56-P611-P1110-P109-P97-P78 7

Conclusion and Future scope

Cuckoo search algorithm was implementing in IEEE 16 bus system for to find the

shortest transmission path with all the constraints are satisfy. This result shows the fastest

response after providing population and system data. It will automatically compute the system

then it produces the output. So the Power system restoration process runs at effective manner. In

future this proposed system implemented in complex system with hardware implementation.

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