Transmission network
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Transcript of Transmission network
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PRESENTAION ON GRID SUB-STATION By Avdhesh kumar meena B.Tech 4th Year Electrical BranchNIET Alwar Rajasthan [email protected]
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SMART GRID
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TRANSMISSION NETWORK
Generating Station
Transmission Line
Sub-Stations
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TYPES OF SUBSTATION
Classification based on voltage levels, e.g. : A.C. Substation : EHV, HV, MV, LV; HVDC Substation.
Classification based on Outdoor or Indoor : Outdoor substation is under open sky. Indoor substation is inside a building.
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PRIMARY/SECONDARY/DISTRIBUTION SUBSTATION
Primary Substations receive power from EHV lines at 400KV, 220KV, 132KV and transform the voltage to 66KV, 33KV or 22KV to suit the local requirements .
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Secondary Substations receive power at 66/33KV which is stepped down usually to 11KV.
Distribution Substations receive power at 11KV, 6.6 KV and step down to a volt suitable for LV distribution purposes, normally at 415 volts
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Generating Station
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ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION LINE
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DEFINATION Electrical transmission system is the means of transmitting power from generating station to different load centres.
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Component of Transmission Line
Conductor Earth wire Insulator Transmission Tower Wave trap and other hardware(Clamp,
Spacer, Vibration dampers, connectors etc.
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Tower Grounding
Used to reduce earth wire potential
and stress on insulators at the time of
stroke and also for safety
Earth resistance depend upon soil
resistivity(general 100 Ω-m)
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EARTHING It provides a surface under the
substation which has uniform potential nearly equal to zero or Absolute Earth Potential.
It is of two typeso Neutral Earthingo Equipment Body Earthing
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EARTHING
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EARTH WIRE Earth wire provided above the
phase conductor across the line
and grounded at every tower.
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Optical Ground Wire
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Advantages : Serves the dual purpose of ground wire and communication.
High speed data transmission.
Optical Ground Wire
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Earth Resistance Major power station= 0.5 Ohm. Major Sub-stations= 1.0 Ohm Minor Sub-station = 2 Ohm Neutral Bushing. =2 Ohm Service connection = 4 Ohm Medium Voltage Network =2 Ohm L.T.Lightening Arrestor= 4 Ohm L.T.Pole= 5 Ohm H.T.Pole =10 Ohm Tower =20-30 Ohm
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CONDUCTOR
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Selection of Conductor Size
Mechanical Requirement
Electrical Requirement Mechanical Requirement Tensile Strength(For Tension)
Strain Strength(For Vibration)
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Cable end termination
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INSULATOR Insulator are required to
support the line conductor and provide clearance from ground and structure.
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TRANSFORMERS A Transformer is a static device
that transfers Electrical energy from one Electrical circuit to another Electrical circuit by means of a common Magnetic Circuit.
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TRANSFORMER USED IN GSS
POWER X-MER
C.T.
P.T.
STATION X-MER
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POWER TRANSFORMER
To step-down the voltage and transfer power from one A.C voltage to another A.C Voltage at same frequency
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Current transformer
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Potential transformer
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Normally Transformer cooling
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C.V.T. (capacitor voltage transformer) :-
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Control room
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THANK YOU