Transmission Forum- Generator Interconnection Operating Committee · PDF file ·...

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Transmission Forum-Generator Interconnection Operating Committee Updates

Jim Viikinsalo, Bulk Power OperationsMay 25, 2017

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Generator Operating Committee Meeting - Agenda Topics

• Operating Protocols and Procedures Updates

• Planned Outage Schedules

• Day-Ahead Schedule Submittals

• Constant Frequency Operation (BPO-24)

• Interconnection Requirements for Inverter-Based Generation

• Voltage Schedule Updates (BPO-01)

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Operating Protocols and Procedures Updates

• New documents distributed to all Generator Owners and Operators

– Contains updated contacts for Southern Transmission and Plant personnel

– Contains provisions to address unique aspects of non-synchronous generation

– Contains updates to referenced NERC standards

• Each party should notify the other whenever key contacts change

• Planning to implement semi-annual verification (calls or emails from PCC)

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Planned Outage Schedules

• Standard Large Generator Interconnection Agreement (“LGIA”) requires submittal of planned maintenance schedules for a minimum of a rolling twenty-four month period– LGIA also requires the Parties (Transmission Provider and Interconnection

Customer) to “confer regularly to coordinate the planning, scheduling and performance of preventive and corrective maintenance on the Large Generating Facility and the Interconnection Facilities”

• Submittal of each Generating Facility’s annual maintenance schedule is required in the Operating Protocols and Procedures document

• Subsequent revisions to outage schedules shall be submitted in a timely manner

• Planned transmission outages are posted on OASIS, at https://www.oasis.oati.com/woa/docs/SOCO/SOCOdocs/plannedoutage.htm– PCC contacts the plant manager prior to an outage which impacts their

facility

• Better information leads to more accurate study results (2 days - 13 mos. ahead)

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Day-Ahead Schedule Submittals

• Issuing updated template for Day-Ahead Schedules (see Exhibit 5 in Operating Protocols and Procedures)

• All next-day hourly energy profiles must be received by 10:00 am CPT

• Submit day-ahead energy profile in standard spreadsheet form, as an attachment via GenComm

• See Exhibit 5 in Operating Protocols and Procedures for email address if GenComm is unavailable

• Contact Jim Viikinsalo for the new template

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Constant Frequency Operation

• Concept developed by NERC for use during “Y2K”

• Provides a strategy for power plant operations in the case of a complete loss of communications between the power plants and system operators– Can be utilized by a single plant, but is most effective when adopted

across an entire interconnection

• A copy of the Constant Frequency Operating Guide has previously been provided to each plant (BPO-24)– Solar/wind generators only expected to respond to over-frequency

conditions

• Total solar eclipse will occur across North America on August 21, 2017– Path of totality (70 mi. wide) stretches from Lincoln Beach, OR to

Charleston, SC– Partial eclipse outside this path; visible everywhere in contiguous U.S.– Contemplating some pre-emptive actions for solar plants; TBD soon

• Eclipse details on NASA web site at https://eclipse2017.nasa.gov/

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What Would You Do If You’re At The Plant…

• And you realize the phones are not working?• GenComm, email, and Internet service are all unavailable?• Cell phones and satellite phones don’t work either?

• Assess the present situation– Is the communication outage local and limited, or possibly widespread?– Is anything unusual happening in or around the plant?

• Secure the safety of personnel and critical equipment

• MAINTAIN the current operating state (on-line or off-line)– Solar generators expected to operate as normal, unless frequency is high

• WAIT for communication to be restored before changing unit status

BE SAFE!

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Generator Role During a Blackout

• If plant is on-line, switch to constant frequency operation if you lose communications with the Transmission Control Center (TCC)

• If the plant is off-line or knocked off-line:– Evaluate plant for damage and take actions needed to prepare for return

to service– Report condition of the plant to the TCC as soon as practical– Work with the TCC for guidance and coordination of any return to service– Do NOT bring units on-line without direction from the TCC!

• If the plant remains on-line:– Do NOT take units off-line unless personnel or equipment are at risk– Stay on-line and operate the plant in constant frequency mode– Contact the TCC for guidance and remain in constant frequency

operation until directed to do otherwise

BE SAFE!

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Constant Frequency Operating Guide

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Interconnection Requirements for Inverter-Based Generation

• Inverter-based generation requirements are posted on the Southern Company OASIS, at https://www.oasis.oati.com/woa/docs/SOCO/SOCOdocs/Interconnection-Req_Inverter-Gen.pdf

• Includes the following requirements:– Technical requirements‣ Transmission system protection and coordination‣ Power quality‣ Insulation and insulation coordination‣ Voltage, reactive power and power factor control‣ Generator performance

• Frequency response and regulation• Voltage and frequency ride through• Real and reactive power control settings and performance

• Document is evolving; check periodically for updates

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• Check Operating Protocols and Procedures document for other requirements– Loss of remote monitoring capability– Loss of communications with onsite plant controller– Software/firmware upgrades to Generating Facility

• Notify the Balancing Authority Operator, TCC, and PCC

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• Technical requirements are applicable to all inverter-based generation with a Point of Interconnection (POI) greater than 40 kV

• Power quality (harmonics limit violations) has sometimes been a concern during pre-synch and pre-COD stages


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Voltage Schedule Updates (BPO-01)

• Most recent update in April 2017 has significant changes– Includes updated Voltage Schedule Bands, addition of Excursion Bands, and

revised notification requirements

• Latest version posted on OASIS, at https://www.oasis.oati.com/woa/docs/SOCO/SOCOdocs/BPO-01_(Voltage_Schedules).pdf

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Questions or Comments?

Jim Viikinsalo

(205) 769-7525

[email protected]

Kip Jenkins

(205) 769-7640

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


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Pre-COD Data Requirements:Voltage Step Test andDynamic Model Validation

5/25/20172017 SCS Transmission Customer Forum

Shih-Min HsuTransmission Planning

SCS Transmission

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Outline

•Why Dynamic Model Validation•Why Voltage Step Test•Examples of Model Validation Using Voltage Step Test Measurement

•Model Validation Report for Facilities Applicable to MOD-026-1

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Why Dynamic Model Validation

• NERC BOT approved Blackout Steering Group Recommendation 14: –Improve quality of system modeling data and data exchange practices‣ The after-the-fact models developed to simulate August 14,

2003 conditions and events found that the dynamic modeling assumptions for generators were frequently inaccurate

• NERC Reliability Standards–MOD-026-1 on Excitation Model Validation–MOD-027-1 on Governor Model Validation–MOD-033-1 on System Model Validation (Effective 7/1/2017)

• To improve the accuracy of the dynamic simulation results–Required for ALL generators connected to Southern Company

Transmission System

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Why Voltage Step Test

•To validate a dynamic model, a transient response of the dynamic device (synchronous or non-synchronous generator) is required–A commonly conducted test for synchronous generator to commission the excitation system

–For non-synchronous generators, a voltage step can be caused by• Changing voltage reference setpoint• Changing reactive power output setpoint• Changing power factor reference setpoint

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Examples of Model Validation Using Voltage Step Test Measurement

•Synchronous Generator•Non-synchronous Generator–Changing Voltage Reference Setpoint–Changing Reactive Power Output Setpoint

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Example 1 – Synchronous Generator

Test Data

Modeling Data

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Example 2 – Non-synchronous Generator with Changing Voltage Reference Setpoint

Test DataModeling Data

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Example 3 – Non-synchronous Generator with Changing Reactive Power Output Setpoint

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Model Validation Report for MOD-026-1 Applicable Facilities

• MOD-026-1 Applicability–Eastern Interconnection: > 100 MVA (individual unit or aggregate plant)

–Wind & Solar facility voltage controls included

•Once the dynamic model is validated, SCS TP will provide a model validation report containing useable results that GOs can use in the MOD-026-1 Requirement R2 report

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MOD-026-1

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Questions?

Contact: Shih-Min [email protected](205) 257-6128

For NERC Reliability Standards related to Planning [email protected]



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Geomagnetically Induced Current (GIC) System Model Data Requirements

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Brief Review of TPL-007-1...

• TPL-007-1 addresses risks of voltage collapse and equipment damage in the Bulk Electric System (BES) caused by Geomagnetic Disturbance (GMD) events

• Applicable Entities:–Planning Coordinators and Transmission Planners – perform

geomagnetically-induced current calculation and network analysis (Vulnerability Assessments)

–Transmission Owners – assess extra high voltage transformers (Wye-grounded on high side, 230kV and higher)

–Generator Owners – assess extra high voltage transformers (Wye-grounded on high side, 230kV and higher)

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• Components of TPL-007-1–Benchmark GMD event–GMD Vulnerability Assessment–Transformer Thermal Assessment ‣ Note: TOs and GOs will be responsible for conducting thermal

impact assessment of EHV power transformers‣ Assessment is not required for transformers < 75 A per phase

peak GIC for the benchmark GMD event–Corrective Action Plan (CAP)

• Implementation phased in over five year period beginning January 2017 (R1 compliance date: July 1, 2017)

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• In order to perform geomagnetically-induced current (GIC) calculation, a dc model (steady-state) of the EHV system needs to be developed

• SCS-TP will be requesting the following GIC data:– Geoelectrical (latitude and longitude) coordinates– Equivalent substation ground grid dc resistance including the

effects of shield wires– Transformer:‣ dc resistance of windings‣ vector group based on transformer winding connections

(D=delta, Y=Wye, YN= Wye-neutral, etc.)‣ core design (single-phase, shell, three phase 3-legged etc.)

– Other

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