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UNIVERSAL AUTOMATIC IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

BASE STATION HARDWARE

OPERATION MANUAL

TRANSAS T201/

TRANSAS T201

SKBV.461514.021RE

Annotation

This document contains an AIS T201 station operation manual, which includes the following information:

AIS station purpose and composition;

Modes of operation;

AIS station shore installation;

Connection to external equipment;

AIS station setup;

Working from the control and display panel;

Serial interface communications protocols.

Contents

1OPERATION MANUAL

2Annotation

3Contents

51List of Abbreviations

52List of Standards

53Technical specifications

64General description

74.1AIS station composition

124.2Schematic diagram

144.3AIS functions

144.4Data received by AIS

165Technical description

165.1Main unit mode of functioning

185.1.1Controller

215.1.2TDMA AIS receiver

215.1.3DSC receiver

215.1.4Transmitter

225.1.5Internal GNSS receiver

275.1.6Power supply unit

275.2CDP mode of functioning

295.2.1Electrical circuit description

295.2.2Protocol of communications between CDP and the main unit

326AIS station setup

326.1Operating CDP

336.2Enabling the setup mode of AIS station

346.3Recovering a lost password

377Technical specification

377.1Set-up of AIS station purpose and basic parameters

387.2Setup of alarm messages

397.3Set-up of serial interfaces

397.4DGNSS setup

407.5Test mode

407.6Software options

417.7Event log file

417.8Change for working mode

428Operator manual

428.1Operating AIS station

428.2Operating CDP

438.3Main menu of the working mode

448.4Checking own coordinates

448.5Base station configuration and control

468.6Radio frequencies control

488.7Viewing the navigational situation

498.8Receiving / transmitting text messages related to navigational safety

518.9Viewing alarm and information messages

538.10AIS station status control

548.11CDP screen brightness control

549Serial interface communications protocols

549.1Sensor data receiving interfaces

559.2Interfaces for receiving and transmitting AIS data (Main and Aux)

569.2.1ABM - addressed binary and safety related message

569.2.2BBM - Broadcast Binary Message

569.2.3AIR - AIS Interrogation Request

579.2.4ACA - AIS Regional Channel Assignment Message

579.2.5Region list control

589.2.6ACK Acknowledge alarm

589.2.7VDM - VHF Data-link Message

589.2.8VDO - VHF Data-link Own-vessel message

589.2.9ALR Alarm status

589.2.10Transmission on one-time messages (10, 16, etc.)

589.2.11Sending an address command for control of mobile station radio frequencies (ACM)

599.2.12Sending an address command for assigned mode of the mobile station (ASN)

599.2.13Base station configuration (BCF)

599.2.14Base station control (CAB)

599.2.15Configuration of base station report rate (CBM)

599.2.16Time slot assignment (DLM)

609.3Interface to receive and transmit differential corrections

6010List of alarms, statuses, faults and methods to remove them

6311Switching Controller

70List of Tables

71List of Figures

1 List of Abbreviations

AIS - Automatic Identification System.

MU - Main Unit.

GNSS - Global Navigation Satellite System.

CDP - Control and Display Panel.

VTMS - Vessel Traffic Management System.

2 List of Standards

The AIS station complies with the following standards:

ITU-1371-1, ITU-R M.825-3,

IEC-61993-1, 2, IEC-60945, IEC 1162-1,2,

IALA A124

3 Technical specifications

See Table for AIS station technical specifications:

Table 1. AIS station technical specifications

Frequency range156.025 162.025 MHz

Channel spacing 12.5; 25 kHz

Modulation and baud rateAIS GMSK; 9600 bits/sec

DSC FM/FSK; 1200 bits/sec

Sensitivity- 107 dBm

Transmitter power output2 W; 12.5W

Power consumptionMain unit: 60 W

Panel: 6 W

Operating temperature-15(C ( +55(C

Storage temperature -20(C ( +70(C

Permissible vibration as per IEC 60945

Weather-proof design protected, as per IEC60945, IP22

GLONASS/GPS receiver

Channels 16

Frequency L1, C/A

Positioning deviation 45 m; for DGNSS 1 to 10 m

Positioning frequency 1 per second

Main unit dimensions:416 x 308 x 93 mm

VHF antenna dimensionsheight - 1260 mm,

fastenings - M16

GNSS antenna dimensionsGLONASS: truncated cone with the base diameter of 105 mm, 180.5 mm high.

NAVSTAR: height 73.7mm

diameter 124.5mm

Control and Display Panel dimensions 219 x 140 x 76 mm without mounting frame,

219 x 151 x 76 mm with the mounting frame,

Main unit weight 6.5 kg

VHF antenna weight 0.4 kg

GNSS antenna weightGLONASS: 0.44 kg

NAVSTAR: 0.12 kg

Control and Display Panel weight 0.8 kg

4 General description

The Automatic Identification System (AIS) is designed to enhance safety of navigation in the coastal and high seas areas by automatic exchange of navigational, statistical and voyage information, including safety navigation information, between the ships and VTMS shore stations.

An AIS station is the basic element of the Automatic Identification System (AIS). It automatically transfers the aforementioned information to AIS. This information is used in the marine management systems to enhance safety of navigation and to control the traffic. Usually, an AIS operation region has a base station providing for control functions; nevertheless the AIS station automatically works outside the regions providing navigators with information about the navigational situation. AIS stations are installed at mobile marine objects (vessels of A and B classes, aircraft participating in the rescue operations, navigational objects) and at the base stations. Thus, a regional AIS is an array of mobile marine objects provided with AIS stations, the base station and the area administration.

In addition to the basic functions (transmission of navigational, statistical and route data) the AIS station can be used for circulation and receiving of GNSS differential corrections using AIS channels, servicing long-range application requests, transmission of other binary data determined by ITU-1371-1.

The AIS stations exchange data using two TDMA VHF channels. All AIS stations divide TDMA VHF channels in time. The AIS stations use their internal GPS or GLONASS/GPS receivers as uniform time sources. Failure of an internal GLONASS/GPS receiver doesn't result in an AIS station failure, because a backup method of AIS station synchronisation in relation to other AIS stations is provided (indirect UTC synchronisation and semaphore-method synchronization). The algorithms for TDMA VHF channel time division, the modulation parameters, and the data formats comply with the ITU-1371-1 standard.

Besides the two TDMA VHF AIS channels, the AIS station can simultaneously operate DSC (channel 70). A mobile AIS station receives and processes requests sent by a shore DSC station specified by ITU-1371-1 standard. A base AIS station can use the DSC channel to transmit data on the operation mode of the ship-borne/shore stations in the designated AIS regions, and to request for navigational information.

The VHF channel numbers are assigned for each region by the Administration. Outside the regions, the AIS stations use channels 2087 (AIS1) and 2088 (AIS2). When a mobile object approaches the region, the AIS station receives numbers of TDMA VHF channels using one of the following methods:

From a shore AIS station;

From a DSC shore station (in case of a combined use of AIS and DESCRIBED in the region);

From the operator by manual entry (backup method).

The AIS station is connected to the external equipment via interfaces. Usually, the external equipment is:

Coordinate sources (GPS or GLONASS/GPS receiver);

Electronic devices, e.g. NAVI-HARBOUR, designed for display and processing of data sent by an AIS station.

The AIS station is equipped with a Control and Display Panel (CDP), which provides the operator with access to all basic functions of the AIS station, even if external equipment is not available.

4.1 AIS station composition

An AIS station consists of:

- GNSS antenna (or GPS antenna);

- VHF antenna (1VHF T, 1VHF R);

- VHF/GNSS antenna cables;

- Main unit;

- Backup module;

- AIS control and display panel (CDP);

- AIS power supply switching controller;

- A set of cables to connect the PS switching controller with the main unit, backup modules and the server.

See the figures for AIS station components.

Figure 1 - Main unit

Figure 2 - VHF antenna

Figure 3 - Control and display panel

Figure 4 - Combined antenna GPS/GLONASS

.

Figure 5 - GPS antenna.

Figure 6 Switching Controller (socket side view)

Figure 7 Switching Controller (face panel view)

See the figures at the end of this manual for dimensional drawings of the combined antenna, the GPS antenna and the mounting bracket.

4.2 Schematic diagram

See Figure 8 for the schematic diagram of the main unit, backup modules, power supply module CDP, the server, and the switching controller.

Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of the main unit, backup modules, power supply module CDP, the server AIS, and the switching controller

4.3 AIS functions

AIS performs the following functions:

automatic ship identification (ship IMO number, MMSI number, call-sign and the name);

receiving the route information (destination point, ETA, cargo type ) and static data (ship dimensions, draught, antenna position, ) via AIS channels;

transmitting the station MMSI number, and station coordinates;

identification of station coordinates using the internal GNSS receiver, including the use of the differential mode;

transmitting GNSS differential corrections via AIS channels;

transmitting the values of bearings and distances to the ship, calculated on the station geographical coordinates and the own coordinates, to the AIS display;

specification of corresponding modes of operation to the ship-borne station and other shore stations, including specification of areas, channel A and B frequency numbers, transmitted power, slots for message transmission, intervals for message transmission, and operational modes of the retransmitters;

provision of all receive and transmitted information on the displays of the VTMS/AIS operator;

provision of information pertaining to AIS status on the control and display panel and the VTMS operator display;

switching ON/OFF the backup AIS shore stations (repeaters).

4.4 Data received by AIS

AIS receives the following data:

Static data:

ship IMO Identity number (if available);

Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number;

Ship call-sign and name;

Ship length and beam;

Ship type;

Position of the GNSS antenna onboard.

Dynamic data:

Ship coordinates with the accuracy indicator (assessment) (DGNSS, GNSS, GLONASS, GPS) and the integrity status;

UTC, hours, minutes, and seconds (date is specified by the receive equipment);

Course over ground (track angle);

Speed over ground (absolute speed);

Ship navigational status (anchored, uncontrollable,) is set manually;

Rate of turn;

Voyage data:

Ship draught;

Hazardous (type) cargo onboard (if requested by the Administration);

Port of destination and time of arrival thereto;

Passage (route) plan waypoints.

Short messages concerning navigational safety.

Table 2 List of VHF-messages, received / transmited by the shore station

AISMSGID (1)Designation Description R/POT

1Position message Planned position message (Ship equipment of class A) YesYesNo

2Position message Appointed planned position message;(Ship equipment of class A)YesYesNo

3Position message Special position message in answer to a request;(Ship equipment of class A)YesYesNo

4Base station message Position, UTC, date/number of the current base-station slot YesYesYes

5Static data and voyage dataPlanned message with static data and voyage data (Ship equipment of class A)YesYesNo

6Addressed binary messageBinary data for address communication YesYes Yes

7Binary acknowledgementAddressed binary message acknowledgement YesYes Yes

8Binary broadcast message Binary data for broadcast communication YesYesYes

9Standard message on position of search-and-rescue aircraft Position message for the stations installed on aircraft participating in the search-and-rescue operations YesYesNo

10UTC/Date request Request of UTC time and date YesYes Yes

11UTC/date responseCurrent UTC and date, if possible YesYes Yes

12Addressed safety related message Safety related message for addressed communication YesYesYes

13Addressed safety related message acknowledgement Acknowledgement of receiving the addressed safety related message YesYes Yes

14Safety related broadcast message Safety related message for broadcast communication YesYesYes

15Request Request of a certain-type message (might result in multi-responses from one or several stations) (4))YesYes Yes

16Assignment command Assignment of a special UAIS mode of operation to VTMS in the region YesYes Yes

17DGNSS message Provision of DGNSS corrections Yes Yes Yes

18Standard position message for class B equipment Standard position message for class B equipment, should be used instead of messages 1, 2, 3 (8)YesYesNo

19Extended position message for class B equipment Extended position message for class B equipment, containing static data (8) too.YesYesNo

20Slot reservation message for subsequent transmissions Slot reservation for the base station(s)YesYes Yes

21Aids to navigation message Message on position and status of aids to navigation (AtoN)YesYesYes

22Channel control message Control of the channels and ship UAIS operation modes by the base station YesYes Yes

Conventions:MSG ID message number;

R/P request for message receiving and processing by the AIS station;

O requirement to display the sentence with message on the data representation interface;

T requirement to have the message transmitted by the AIS shore station (Yes permitted or required; No transmission not permitted).

5 Technical description This section contains a description of the internal design of an AIS station. The section is designed for the engineers of the maintenance department of AIS stations; the AIS users are not required to familiarize themselves with the information given in this section.

The AIS station is composed of three basic functional units: the main unit, CDP and the switching controller. The main unit provides all AIS functions, being able to operate independent of CDP. CDP is designed for cooperation with the operator. CDP receives control commands from the main unit via the switching controller (on the level, what symbol or what graphical element should be displayed without turning to specific AIS notations) and provides the main unit with notifications on the manual entry events (screen touch by the operator). The exchange between the main unit and CDP is performed via the serial interface RS-422 (baud rate=9600, parity=none, num. stop bits=1).

5.1 Main unit mode of functioning

See the drawing for construction of the main unit as viewed from the side of TDMA/DSC receivers and transmitters.Figure 9 Construction of the main unit as viewed from the side of TDMA/DSC receivers and transmitters

The main unit is composed of:

controller;

GPS/GLONASS (GPS) receiver;

two TDMA UAIS receivers;

one DESCRIBED receiver;

transmitter (common for TDMA UAIS and DSC);

antenna switch;

power supply board.

Figure 10 Main unit functional diagram

5.1.1 Controller

Controller unit composition and functions.

Central processor unit Control of AIS station logic, loading the signal process program,

receiving data from the GNSS internal receiver, support of dialog with the operator with the aid of CDP.

Two external controllers Control of the serial interfaces (recognition and generation of NMEA/ VDL/ RTCM/ Long-Range telegrams), loading the logic matrix program, monitoring the radio unit parameters, storing the setup and static data.

Signal processor unit Modulation and demodulation of the digital signal,Radio module control.

Logical matrix unit Modulation and demodulation of the digital signal,

radio module control,

support of semaphores for interaction between the central processor and the external controllers.

The controller is designed to provide control of the AIS station logic. It consists of the central processor unit, two external controllers, signal processor and logical matrix.

5.1.1.1 Central processor unit

Composition and functions of the CPU constituents:

Central processor Provides all high-level functions of the controller:

Message generation and transmission;

Control of access to media;

Interaction with the internal GNSS receiver;

Interaction with the operator via CDP.

Starting RAMContains the procedure of self-testing (POST) for the central processor unit, and the target part of the debugger used for software development and weaving.

The debugger is started, if there is a jumper on the CDP interface.

If no jumper, POST is started, which transfers control to the program written in the program Flash, after successful test of RAM, ROM and program Flash. In case of CDP errors, diagnostics messages will be displayed.

RAMStatic random-access memory of 512Kb.

Program FlashFlash memory, containing the basic program code.

The basic program loads and starts the signal processor, starts the external controllers, and checks communication with them.

Two-port memoryTwo chips of the two-port memory are designed for provision of link between the central processor and the external controllers. The memory is represented in the address space of the central processor on the one hand and in the address space of the respective external controller, on the other hand.

Logical matrix A number of logical matrix terminals are used for arranging the semaphores for simultaneous access to the two-port memory.

High byte register for registering on the DSP bus The register is designed for linking the 8-digit bus of the central processor with the 16-digit bus of the signal processor. The central processor has access to the signal processor memory, which is actually used as a two-port memory.

Control signal registers The registers are general-purpose input/output ports used for generation of various control signals (turning LED ON, reset of external controllers, reset of the internal GNSS receiver).

5.1.1.2 External microcontroller unit 1

Composition and functions of the external microcontroller unit 1 constituents:

Microcontroller Provides receiving and generation of messages via the serial interfaces: MAIN, AUX, LongRange.

It contains and loads the logical matrix program.

Storage of AIS station setup parameters.

Two-port memoryRepresented in the address space of the microcontroller and the CPU. Designed for data exchange between the latter.

UART controllers Generation and recognition of the serial interface signal time diagrams. Accessible for the microcontroller via its address/data bus.

Serial interface drivers Conversion of electrical levels from TTL to RS-422 and vice versa

Logical matrix A number of logical matrix terminals are used for arranging the semaphores for simultaneous access to the two-port memory.

5.1.1.3 External microcontroller unit 2

Microcontroller Provides receiving and generation of messages via the serial interfaces: DGNSS, SEN1, SEN2, SEN3

Storage of ship static data and the region catalog.

Two-port memoryRepresented in the address space of the microcontroller and the CPU. Designed for data exchange between the latter.

UARTGeneration and recognition of the serial interface signal time diagrams. Accessible for the microcontroller via its address/data bus.

Serial interface drivers Conversion of electrical levels from TTL to RS-422 and vice versa

Logical matrix A number of logical matrix terminals are used for arranging the semaphores for simultaneous access to the two-port memory.

5.1.1.4 Signal processor and logical matrix unitSignal processor DSP-2181Modulation of digital data; generation and recognition of the media messages (flags, bit staffing, checksum); provision of media access time diagrams.

Two AIS signal demodulatorsDemodulation of the received signal.

DESCRIBED signal demodulatorDemodulation of the received signal.

Digital-to-analog coderConversion of the digital code to the analogous one at modulation.

Logical matrix Providing exact fixation of slot/bit time duration receiving and transmitting;

buffering the data flow

5.1.2 TDMA AIS receiver

The AIS receiver unit performs amplification, filtration and demodulation of radio signals for two TDMA channels, and these channels are able to receive signals in the frequency grid of 25 and 12.5 kHz.

The radio signals received by the antenna goes to the antenna switch and to the SAW-filter, where the AIS frequency working range (156.025-162.025 MHz) is subjected to the preliminary frequency selection. Then the filtered signal goes to the radio frequency amplifier (RFA), which performs the required amplification necessary for correct operation of the subsequent units. After amplification, the signal goes through the three-channel splitter, which results in a three-fold decrease of its effective output. Physically, the scheme units described above are located on the receiver board. After the splitter, the signals go via the mounted cables to the first-intermediate-frequency mixers of the TDMA / DSC receivers installed in separate shielded boxes. The heterodyne signals of the radio frequency mixers are represented by the output oscillation of the frequency synthesizers, which are reset by the AIS controller commands. The synthesizer frequencies are set so as to provide a useful frequency response at the central frequency of 21.4 MHz at the mixers' output. Then the first-intermediate-frequency signal of each of the receiving channels is sent via keys to the quartz filters, which provide the required receiver adjacent-channel selectivity in the frequency grid of 25.0 and 12.5 kHz. After the quartz filters, the first-intermediate-frequency signal is amplified to compensate for the losses in the upstream radio path units. Then the first-intermediate-frequency signal is transferred to the second intermediate frequency, gets restricted and demodulated. All these operations are conducted on the basis of the second-intermediate-frequency demodulating mixer microcircuitry. After the demodulator output, the demodulated low frequency subcarrier is scaled by the operational amplifier, and after this operation the signal acquires the required DC offset and peak-to-peak amplitude. In addition to the frequency modulation of the received radio signal, the demodulating mixer microcircuitry provides assessment of its output, which is used by the controller to evaluate the occupancy of the selected frequency channel.

5.1.3 DSC receiver

The receiving module of the DSC channel receives the signal from the splitter output, which is subjected to the similar processing in the scheme units analogous to the TDMA channel, with the exception of switching with the aid of the quartz filter keys, which are required for operation on the 12.5 kHz frequency grid.

5.1.4 Transmitter

The system transmitter unit is composed of the transmitter per se, the unidirectional coupler with an output meter circuit, antenna switch, preamplification unit of the receive path. The transmitter per se includes the voltage-controlled modulation oscillator, frequency synthesizer, mixer and final amplification stages with control/filtration circuits.

The transmitter performs frequency modulation of the subcarrier radio signal of the AIS /DESCRIBED channel and amplification of the modulated radio signal. To determine the channel for operation, the preliminary setting of the transmitter synthesizer frequency is performed.

The AIS / DSC channel LF subcarrier from the digital-analog converter filter output, located in the controller, goes to the modulating input of the voltage-controlled oscillator, on which the output of the 28,000 MHz central frequency modulated radio signal is generated. Then the modulated radio signal goes via the key and the LF filter to the signal input of the mixer, the frequency synthesizer acting as its heterodyne. The synthesizer frequency is set by the AIS controller so that at the mixer output the useful constituents of the radio signal spectre matched the specified frequency channel (the central frequency of the synthesizer working range is 187 MHz). Prior to entering the mixer, the signal goes from the synthesizer via the LF filter in order to decrease the harmonics levels and, respectively, the parasitic emission components, in generation of which they take part. Then the product generated in the mixer is filtered by the bandwidth filter on SAW to suppress the parasitic components, after which the filtered radio signal enters the amplification circuit. In the amplification circuit, the radio signal is first amplified by two intermediate amplifiers, between which another SAW filter is provided for filtration of parasitic components. After the second preliminary amplification stage, the signal enters the final amplifier, which ensures the required level of the transmitter output. The parasitic products of the final amplifier operating in the non-linear mode, are filtered in the harmonics filter. The harmonics filter is a LF filter, a 7th-order elliptic (Cauer) filter.

From the final amplifier, the radio signal of a specified output enters the output socket via the unidirectional coupler and the antenna switch. The levels of the incident power and reflected power are measured by the unidirectional coupler with a detection/amplification circuit, which detects and scales the split signals of the incident and reflected waves. So generated signals enter the analog/digital converter of the AIS controller for subsequent evaluation of SWR. The antenna switch is designed for switch the radio signal from the transmitter to the antenna, and from the latter to the first stage of the receive path (see paragraph 5.1.2).

5.1.5 Internal GNSS receiver

The AIS station can be provided with the following GNSS receiver makes:

- GPS/GLONASS K-161 (T201) combined receiver;

- GPS (T201-1) receiver.

Complete documentation for the receivers listed above can be acquired from the manufacturers. These receivers are described in brief in the subsequent subsections.

5.1.5.1 Brief description of the K-161 receiver

Figure 11 - Functional diagram of GPS/GLONASS K-161 receiver See Figure 11 for a functional diagram of the K-161 receiver. Conventions:

RG Reference oscillator;

DCD dedicated computing device;

DCR - differential correction receiver;

CCD control computing device;

RRD - radio receiving device;

DHD digital handling device;

RMU receiving/measuring unit.

The satellite signals transmit to the antenna.

Power supply is provided by CCD. CCD also issues commands to operate RMU through channel 1 RS-232C input.

RG provides bit synchronization of RMUs operation with the received radio signals in real time.

RRD provides receiving, amplification, frequency filtration of the satellite radio signals transmitted to the external antenna, and generation of output level-quantized signals required for subsequent processing.

DHD uses 16 multi-purpose receiving/measuring channels, each of which can operate on the standard code of GLONASS satellite signals or on the C/A code of GPS satellite signals.

DCD provides computation of radio navigational parameters measured in each of the DHD receiving/measuring channels, collection, conversion and storage of overhead information, solution of navigational task, control of RMU operation, and organization of exchange with CCD and DCR. DCD includes a reprogrammable read-only memory, part of which is allocated to keep important on-line data (nonvolatile storage).

He values of differential correction in the RTCM SC-104 format come from the external DCR via the RS-232C input of channel 2.

RMU output data entering CCD via the RS-232C of channel 1 represent coordinates and speeds referenced to time; they are generated each 1 second.

In addition, RMU can be requested to issue diverse additional information, e.g. data on satellite status, values of satellite constellation geometrical functions, and information on the RMU operational status.

Figure 12 - GNSS receiver wiring diagram

See Figure 12 for a GNSS receiver wiring diagram.

Table 3 - XS1 Straight socket SMB 59K101-002 D3 ROSENBERGER

Term.Circuit Address

1

Radio signal; + 3,3 V, 25 mA

Antenna

Table 4 - XS3 Straight socket SMB 59K101-002 D3 ROSENBERGER

Term.Circuit Address

1

Reference frequency signal

UE reference oscillator

Table 5 - XS4 Socket 4-87456-9 AMP with 141-603-4 AMP terminals

Term.Circuit Address

1

Key (no pin)

UE

2

VCC4 (antenna power supply)

3

AGND

4

AGND

Table 6 - XS2 Socket 1-87456-9 AMP

Term.Circuit Address

1

+3-5 V

AP

2

GND

3

-3,3 V

4

+ 3.3 V

5

GND

6

GND

7

+5V

8

+5V

9

RD1 (RS-232)

10

TD1 f RS-232)

11

GND (RS-232)

12

GND (RS-232)

13

RD2 (RS-232)

14

TD2 (RS-232)

15

Key (no pin)

16

CLR M

17

SP02

18

IA (failure)

19

SWL (reloading of firmware)

20

SP01

21

1 Hz

22

SPI l

23

RESET (general reset)

24

GND(1 Hz)

Notes:

1. Indicated designations for cables 1,2 harnesses 1,2 connectors XS1, XS2, XS3, XS4 are conventional.

2. Connectors XS 1, XS2, XS3, XS4 can be delivered included in the RMU installation set.

3. Conventions:

CLR_M - clearing of reprogrammed memory;

GND - common;

Key (no pin) - key (terminal No);

RD - serial exchange channel input;

SPI1 - input one-time command 1 (backup);

SP01 - output one-time command (backup);

SP02 - output one-time command (backup);

TD - serial exchange channel output;

1 Hz - 1 Hz signal output.

5.1.5.2 Brief description of the GPS receiver

To receive signals, the GPS receiver uses the SA-200 antenna. As to its functions, the GPS receiver operates similar to the GLONASS/GPS receiver. The board supply is +5V. The GPS antenna is powered with +5V through a HF cable.

5.1.6 Power supply unit

The power supply unit should be connected to the 18 to 36V onboard power supply. It produces volume rates of +5V, +9V, and +14.5V

5.2 CDP mode of functioning

The control and display panel consists of the following:

- controller with a power supply unit;

- LCD;

- touch-screen.

The CDP functional diagram is represented in Figure 13.

Figure 13 - CDP functional diagram

CD is used to display information. A touch-screen is located in front of the display. For manual entry, use the "buttons" displayed on the screen, which are to be touched with your finger.

Figure 14 - Example of an image on the CDP screen

The top left corner hosts two active areas, which change the screen brightness, when touched. In Figure 14, these areas are marked with the red arrows.

The HITACHI single-chip microcontroller is designed to receive commands and issue notifications via the serial communication interface with the main unit, and to control the LCD.

5.2.1 Electrical circuit description

The central element of the electrical circuit is the microcontroller. Its serial port is connected to the RS-422 level converters (drivers).

A number of bi-directional outputs (used in the general-purpose port mode) are connected with the buses LCD address, data and control. The communications protocol is software-supported.

Connector X4 is used for weaving the microcontroller program.

5.2.2 Protocol of communications between CDP and the main unit

CDP receives LCD control commands from the main unit and passes them to the main unit of notifications about manual entry events (screen touching by the operator. In addition, CDP regularly issues requests and receives commands pertaining to checking / resetting communication after failures. The commands are byte sequences (up to several tens in length); the notifications always consisting of one byte.

To understand commands, let's introduce a LCD program model. LCD, as a text display, has 16 lines of 40 symbols each; as a graphical display it has 240x128 points. LCD can operate in one of its two modes:

- text-with-attributes mode (no graphics);

- text-(no attributes)-with-graphics mode.

In the text-with-attributes mode, any symbol can be normal, inverted or flashing. In this mode, graphical commands are not permitted. In the text-with-graphics mode each symbol is always normal, but the graphical commands are permitted. From the memory arrangement point of view, let's say that text is stored in the text layer, the attributes are stored in the attribute layer, and the graphics are stored in the graphical layer, but the attribute layer and the graphical layer cannot be used simultaneously.

There is the so-called current point, where the text to be displayed will be placed. In addition, there is a blinking cursor, which is usually used to indicate the place for text display. Nevertheless, the position of the current point and that of the cursor might not coincide; they are controlled independently. The cursor can be visible or invisible. The current point is always invisible.

When specifying position for some symbol, current point or cursor, two numerals are to be entered: the line number (0 to 15) and the column number. When specifying position of a point in the graphical layer, coordinates x (0 to 230) and y (0 to 127) are to be entered. It is possible to use the graphics coordinates outside these limits for specification of elements that are displayed partially (truncated by the screen boundary).

Entry is performed by touching the button-like active areas of the screen. There are 32 "buttons" altogether (4 lines with 16 "buttons " in each). When a button is touched, CDP sends a notification to the main unit, each "button" having its own notification code. In this case it doesn't matter for CDP, what is depicted on the screen (whether there is actually a button drawn at this place).

The following two tables contain a list of commands and notifications.

Table 7 - CDP command list

Command Description

00hNo operation

01hClear text layer and attribute layer

02h r chartSet cursor

03hShow cursor

04hHide cursor

05h r1 c1 r2 c2Scroll text area up

06h r1 c1 r2 c2Scroll text area down

07h r c nc aSet attribute

08h b t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 Draw button

09h r cSet current position

0AhNew line. Moves current position down. If it is in the bottom line then all screen scrolls up.

0DhCarrier return. Moves current position to start of the current line.

0Eh r1 c1 nr nc tFill text area with specified symbol

0FhTurn ON text mode with attributes

10hSet text-with-attributes mode

11hClear graphical layer

12h x yPut pixel

13h x1 y1 x2 y2Draw line on two extreme points

14h x1 y1 x2 y2Draw box

15h x y radiusDraw circle

16h In order to update the graphical layer as soon as possible, CDP receives the graphics commands to the buffer, but doesn't execute them until the latter is overfilled. This command is to specify that image construction is completed; it forces CDP to execute all commands accumulated in the buffer.

23h x y nc t1 t2 tnEnter text to the graphical layer

24hConfirm communication. This command should be generated in response to notification 23h, it the command is not given within 1 second, CDP will display "No link with the main unit".

Notations in Table 7:

r,c- position in the text layer and in the attribute layer: line number and column number one byte each;

r1,c1,r2,c2 rectangular area specification: positions of the top left corner and the bottom right corner;

nr,nc area size: number of lines and number of columns one byte each;

a symbol attribute value: 0-normal, 1-inverted;

t, t1, t2, - displayed ASCII symbols;

x,y coordinates in the graphical layer, two bytes each (signed integer (negative values are in complementary code), bit order is "LSB-first");

x1,y1,x2,y2 coordinates of the rectangular-area top left corner and the bottom right corner.

radius circle radius. One byte;

Table 8 - CDP notification list

Notification Description

Codes 41h to 60hNotification on a screen "button" touch. All "buttons" are numbered line-at-a-time from left to right top-down. The first (top left) "button" corresponds to code 41h.

64hLink check. Issued by CDP approx. once each 3 seconds to check link with the main unit. The main unit should issue command 24h (link acknowledge) within 3 seconds, otherwise CDP will display message "No link with the main unit".

65hRequest for screen regeneration. CDP sends this notification, when powered up, and after restoration of link with the main unit. The notification advises the main unit that the image on LCD is possibly corrupted. The main unit should redraw the image.

6 AIS station setup

After instruction and connection of the equipment, the AIS station should be setup, which can be done from the control and display panel (CDP). CDP is connected to the "Disp" connector of the AIS station via the switching controller with the aid of the cable included in the delivery set. Also, the required control channel should be selected using the switching on the switching controller.

6.1 Operating CDPCDP contains a liquid-crystal screen, which displays information in the textual and graphical form. At the same time, the screen is a panel sensitive to a finger touch, and as such is used as an entry device. The active screen areas are shown in the form of square frames (conventionalised buttons), which contain a brief description of the corresponding functions. A light finger touch on the active area results in execution of the indicated function.

More often than not the screen contains a menu listing functions or modes. The selected menu item is highlighted as shown in the figure. The arrow buttons are used for navigation through menu items. The menu items can be related to the functions invoked by touching other virtual buttons. Often it is another menu representing the selected item in a greater detail. In such multi-level systems, the "Return" button means return to the previous level.

Digital and text values are entered into the input field shown on the screen with buttons below for editing the field content. Their designations and functions are similar to that of a personal computer. Only 16 symbols buttons can be displayed on the screen at a time. If a parameter contains text (ship's call-sign, for example), it is obviously not enough as there are more letters in the alphabet. To change the set of symbols on the screen use PrSet and NxSet buttons. OK button confirms enter, Cancel cancels it.6.2 Enabling the setup mode of AIS station

The transponder can operate in one of its two modes:

Working mode;

Setup mode.

When powered up, the AIS station switches to the working mode. In this case the main menu of the working mode will appear on the screen. To setup the AIS station, it should be switched over to the setup mode. Select the "Enter setup" menu item and press "Select".

The AIS station will ask for confirmation. Press "Yes".

The AIS station will prompt you for your password. At the factory, the setup mode is not protected with a password, therefore you should just press "OK". If the AIS station has been operated, you should enter the password, which is to be known by responsible persons.

ATTENTION: If the password is lost, no access to the setup mode is possible. The password can be recovered with the aid of the service department using phone, fax or email (see paragraph 6.3).

6.3 Recovering a lost password

The password protects against access to the most important AIS station settings. It should be kept in a safe place and known by responsible persons only.

If you have forgotten the password, you should turn to the service department using phone, fax or email (the service department address and phone number can be found in the accompanying documents). When applying, you should prove that you have the right of access to the AIS station setting data (for such proof you can produce e.g. an official form, a signature of an official etc.)

Password recovery procedure:

1. In the main menu select the menu item "Show status", and then in the inserted menu select the menu item Have you forgotten password?

2. Confirm your intention to recover the password:

3. Read your request code and advise it to the service department (the request code will be different for each invocation of this function):

4. After checking your authority, the service department will advise you the confirmation code. Press Yes and enter the code:

5. The display will show the password:

7 Technical specification

This section contains a description of the AIS station internal design. The section is designed for engineers of the maintenance department and for developers of future AIS station versions; the AIS users are not required to familiarize themselves with the information given in this section.

The AIS station is composed of three basic functional units: the main unit, CDP and the switching controller.

The main unit provides all AIS functions, being able to operate independent of CDP. CDP is designed for cooperation with the operator. CDP receives control commands from the main unit via the switching controller (at the level of indicating what symbol or what graphical element should be displayed without turning to specific AIS notations) and provides the main unit with notifications on the manual entry events (screen touch by the operator). The exchange between the main unit and CDP is performed via RS-422 serial interface (baud rate=9600, parity=none, num. stop bits=1).

Main setup menu

Main set-up menu allows you to select the group of parameters you wish set-up. Select the desired menu options and presses Set-up.

7.1 Set-up of AIS station purpose and basic parameters

From the main set-up menu select "General setup" option. The screen will show the menu, using which you will be able to set:

RAIM present

The sign of RAIM present (usually, the AIS station will determine the presence of RAIM by the presence of $--GBS sentence on Sens1, Sens2 or Sens3 inputs; nevertheless, the user can manually activate the RAIM "presence" check, even not receiving the $--GBS sentence).

Setup password

Password for entering the set-up mode (recommended as protection against unauthorised access).

Addressed message filter

Enables filtering of addressed AIS messages. (Usually, when addressed message filter is on, the station does not display messages addressed to other AIS stations, but this filtration can be turned off in order to have all received addressed messages displayed.).

Media analyser mode

The mode is designed for combined work with media analyser, manufactured by Transas. 7.2 Setup of alarm messages

From the main set-up menu select "Alarm signals". The screen will show the menu, using which you will be able to enable or disable different AIS station alarm messages.7.3 Set-up of serial interfaces

From the main set-up menu select "RS-422 setup". The screen will show the menu, using which you will be able set parameters for each AIS station serial interface.

The menu item "Test interfaces" allows you to test and perform diagnostics of serial interface for faults, using external or internal loop. A more detailed description of this function designed to be used by the service department is given in the "Testing and diagnostics manual" design documentation.

7.4 DGNSS setup

AIS station can transfer differential data via AIS channels (message 17) received by its RTCM input. It is usually a base station function. AIS station can send differential data only to the reference stations it knows the geographical co-ordinates of. Co-ordinates of two stations can be set up manually. If the reference station is transmitting RTCM message 3, it is showing its own co-ordinates. AIS station can store co-ordinates of no more than 4 reference stations.

To set up differential corrections transmission via AIS channels select DGNSS set-up from the main menu of set-up mode. You can specify the IDs and coordinate of two reference stations, as well as the transmission method (via one or two AIS channels).

7.5 Test mode

The "Entering test mode" option of the main setup menu is designed for AIS station testing and setting up at the factory. The user must not activate the test mode.

7.6 Software options

The Software option of the main set-up menu is designed for checking software configuration by service personnel of the AIS station.

7.7 Event log file

The Log file menu item of the main setup menu is designed for viewing the logged information on the basic events:

-alarm messages correspond to the ALR telegrams returned to the ports MAIN and AUX

- text messages on operation mode change correspond to the TXT telegrams returned to the ports MAIN and AUX

-messages on fatal errors and failures

-messages on facts of power failures

-messages on entering the setup menu

7.8 Change for working mode

After having completed the set-up process press the Exit button of the main set-up menu. If any changes have been done to the settings the AIS station will ask to confirm saving of changes in the nonvolatile storage; and in case of confirmation it will ask for the password.

8 Operator manual

8.1 Operating AIS station

When powered up AIS station runs though a self-test and if completed successfully it goes into working mode. There are the following means of controlling status and operation of the station:

CDP, as described in this document;

External equipment connected to the interfaces of the AIS station, which should process the messages output by the AIS station and provide the operator with all necessary information.

As a rule, the AIS station is controlled from external devices connected to the AIS station interfaces, which generate commands to control the AIS station automatically or by the operator. Operator can also control transponder via control and display panel.

Interaction of the external equipment with the AIS station is described in the "Description of AIS station interfaces".

8.2 Operating CDP

CDP contains a liquid-crystal screen, which displays information in the textual and graphical form. At the same time, the screen is a panel sensitive to a finger touch, and as such is used as an entry device. The active screen areas are shown in the form of square frames (conventionalized buttons), which contain a brief description of the corresponding functions. A light finger touch on the active area results in execution of the indicated function.

More often than not the screen contains the menu listing functions or modes. The selected menu item is highlighted as shown in the Figure. The arrow buttons are used for navigation through menu items. The menu items can be related to the functions invoked by touching other virtual buttons. Often it is another menu representing the selected item in a greater detail. In such multi-level systems, the "Return" button means return to the previous level.

Digital and text values are entered into the input field shown on the screen with the below for editing the content of the field. Their designations and functions are similar to that of a personal computer. Only 16 symbols buttons can be displayed on the screen at a time. If a parameter contains text (ship call-sign, for example), is obviously not enough as there are more letters in the alphabet. To change the set of symbols on the screen use PrSet and NxSet buttons. OK button confirms enter, Cancel cancels it.

8.3 Main menu of the working mode

When powered up, the AIS station switches to the working mode, and the main menu of the working mode will appear on the screen. It makes it possible to select desired AIS station functions. Each item of the main menu will be described in detail in the next sections.

8.4 Checking own coordinates

Select the "Own position" option of the main menu. He screen will display the own coordinates of the base station, date and time, and the mode of receiving them (GPS/Glonass). The coordinate source (external, internal or preset) is specified in the $--BCF sentence or using CDP in the BS settings->BCF menu.

8.5 Base station configuration and control As a rule, the base station is controlled via the Main or Aux. serial interface. The base station accepts sentences $--BCF, $--CAB, $--CBM, $--DLM. The data corresponding to these sentences can also be entered through CDP.

ATTENTION: one should be very careful, when changing the base station working parameters, because it can result in violation of operation for not only the base station alone, but for the whole AIS region and the adjacent AIS regions.

The following figures show settings menus. The way to set respective parameters is described in section 9.2, as well as in the IALA Recommendation on AIS Shore Stations and networking aspects related to the AIS Service.

8.6 Radio frequencies control

The base station stores and regularly transmits the region list, which includes the radio frequency numbers and other parameters. The mobile AIS stations will use them, when inside the regions.

To view the area list stored in memory select VHF regions option from the main menu. The list items are numbered and indicate distances to regions (in the ascending order) and frequency numbers. Letter R means the frequency is used for receiving, letter T frequency is used for transmitting

Detailed information on a selected region is shown at the top of the screen: geographical coordinates, BW, power of transmitter, time of entering or leaving the region.

Usually, the regions are specified using the Main and Aux interfaces ($--ACA sentence). In addition, you can enter and edit regions using CDP.

Along with the region coordinates, you should specify the width of the passage area (in miles), within which the alternate switching of radio frequencies is performed for channels A and B. For channels A and B of the AIS station, specify the numbers of corresponding radio channels, the band width, the use mode (transmitting and receiving or just receiving), and the transmitter output power.

The base station disseminates the list of regions via the AIS channels automatically (message 17).

8.7 Viewing the navigational situation

To view the list of AIS stations that can send messages to your AIS station, select Targets option from the main menu. The list contains direction and distance to stations and the ships names (if the station is installed onboard a ship). At the top of the screen there is more detailed information about selected station. For full details on the selected station, press the Detail button.

To send a text message to a particular station, press the SndMsg button. For more details on sending text messages see paragraph 8.8.

To view the navigational situation in graphics press GrView button. The screen will show the surrounding AIS stations and their velocity vectors. You can control the image scale with + and - buttons. To view or hide text captions use the TxtOn/TxtOff button.

8.8 Receiving / transmitting text messages related to navigational safety

To view text messages received by your station select Radio exchange option from the main menu.

Before displaying the message list, the AIS station will ask you if you want to see all the AIS messages (including the ones sent between other stations) or only messages addressed to your station or broadcast. Press No to view the full list of messages or press Yes to ignore messages irrelevant to your station.

The screen will show list of messages with time of transmission (sent or received), call sign (both sender and recipient), if they are known. If call sign is not known, MMSI will be shown instead. For broadcast messages, the recipient is marked as All. Text of the selected message is shown at the top of the screen.

To reply to the selected message (or simply send one), press Reply. You will have to enter recipients MMSI (or 0 for broadcast addressing), message text and AIS channel for transmission. Initially, when the menu appears, the To field will contain MMSI of the sender selected in the previous menu, and Channel field will have AIS channel number used to receive the last message from this source (i.e. the station is trying to send a reply back).8.9 Viewing alarm and information messages

From the main menu select Alarms & faults option. The screen will show a submenu with list of accidents arranged by categories (see! . and ! .).

The Alarm status contains a list of active alarms, which were not prohibited during AIS station setup (see paragraph 7.2). Each line in the list corresponds to the sentence ALR, sent to the Main and Aux ports.

Even a single alarm will result in lighting the CTRL LED on the AIS station cover and closing the BIIT relay contacts. The alarm can be acknowledged by pressing the Clear button (or by the ACK sentence via the Main /Aux ports). When all active alarms are acknowledged, the LED will turn off and the relay contacts will open.

The "Fallback status" contains a list of functional limitations, which appear due to the alarms.

The "Non-alarm status" contains a list of statuses and operation modes. Each line in the list corresponds to the TXT sentence, sent to the Main and Aux ports.

8.10 AIS station status control

From the main menu select Status option. The screen will show information on station status: presence and efficiency of internal GPS, synchronisation mode, co-ordinates source, memory used and available, report rate. You will also see additional technical information used by service engineers for malfunction diagnosis.

The items Log file (unfiltered), Log file (alarms) and Log file (security) are designed for viewing the event log file. The CDP can display up to 40 recent messages. The event log file can button sent to PC in full (up to 4Mb) with the aid of the AisLogUpload program.

Log file (unfiltered) displays 40 recent messages on CDP regardless of their importance.

Log file (alarms) displays 40 recent messages on CDP, containing information on the alarm status change, fatal errors, power turning ON/OFF, and AIS station software reloading.

Log file (security) displays 40 recent messages on CDP, containing events that affect transmission of reports (transmitter failure, fatal errors, power outage, software reloading).

The Have you forgotten password? menu item is designed for recovery of a forgotten password. The procedure to recover a forgotten password is described in paragraph Recovering a lost password.8.11 CDP screen brightness control

From the main menu select Display brightness option. The screen will show active areas that are used to adjust the brightness/contrast of the screen and. Please note that these areas are always active no matter what menu or page is being displayed on the screen.

9 Serial interface communications protocols

The AIS station has the following RS-422 interfaces:

Three sensors data receiving interfaces;

Two bi-directional interfaces to receive and transmit AIS data;

One bi-directional interface to receive and transmit differential corrections;

One bi-directional interface to receive requests and send responds about your information (long range application interface);

The communications protocols comply with IEC-61993 standards. This section describes realization features.

9.1 Sensor data receiving interfaces Sensors data input interfaces are used for generating navigational data in NMEA-183 format. This data will be later transmitted to other AIS stations and is also used by algorithms to set up permissions for media access.

AIS station will understand the following sentences: GNS, DTM, RMC, GGA, GBS, GLL.

Navigational data must be received via AIS station input with certain intervals (see the table below). If different NMEA sentences contain identical information AIS station chooses the ones with the highest priority level (see the table below). If no data is received via external outputs the station will try to use its internal GPS/Glonass receiver. Please note that when used for transmission to other stations, current date and time received via sensors input have higher priority than GPS/Glonass data. However, in order to organise the media time division internal GPS/Glonass receiver is used all the time..

Table 7 List of messages received from sensors

Navigational data type Max update interval (s)NMEA sentences in the priority descending order Default parameter value (if the update period is exceeded)

Date3RMCYear 2000, month. 0, day 0

UTC3GNS, RMC, GGA, GLL24:60:60

Lat, Lon3GNS, RMC, GGA, GLL91(00(00( nl, 181(00(00( wl

Datum30DTMNot defined

RAIM10GBSOk

9.2 Interfaces for receiving and transmitting AIS data (Main and Aux)

Specific AIS station functions are accessible via two functionally identical interfaces i.e. Main and Aux. Communications protocols are text, but quite non-readable sentences which contain compressed binary data: requests, acknowledgements, messages etc.

AIS station input can receive:

Request to send a short text message or a small binary data array to a specified address (MMSI of the recipient station has to be put in) or to all;

Request to send static or voyage information request to a specified address;

Request to send instruction to a specified station (permitted for base stations only) to change the intervals of the data updating (reports);

Self-static and self-voyage data (similar to sensors data interface);

Request to change AIS radio frequencies and/or parameters of access to AIS channels (radiating power, frequency band etc.);

Erroneous situations message acknowledgement.

AIS station output can send:

Notifications about every VHF message received and transmitted via AIS channels with the VHF message included;

Acknowledgement of requests from other stations;

Erroneous situation messages received by AIS.

The sentences transmitted and received through this interface are described in IEC 61993-2 (Annex G) and in the IALA Recommendation on AIS Shore Stations and networking aspects related to the AIS Service. Realization features are dealt with in the following subsections.

The base AIS station can receive the following message: ABM, BBM, AIR, ACA, ACK, VDM, ACM, ASN, BCF, CAB, CBM, DLM.

The AIS station can send the following message via these channels: VDM, VDO, ALR, ABK.

9.2.1 ABM - addressed binary and safety related message

ABM sentence calls for communication session with a particular station. During the session a text or binary message is sent to this particular station and acknowledgement is awaited. If the acknowledgement is not received the message is sent again. This procedure is repeated up to 4 times. Session is terminated with ABK sentence containing session termination code.

Each ABM message has got the number of its order in the data flow (from 0 to 3).

ABM message may contain more information than a NMEA message is able to store. In this case the message has to be split into sections; a message can contain sections from different messages - it is not prohibited.

All requests to send an addressed message are logged for tracking and later generation of ABK message. It should be noted that 4 transmission attempts can take up to 30 seconds and this can impact on further transmissions.

This is how it works:

Message is checked against the list of messages awaiting acknowledgement (matching MMSI, order number and channel number are used as criteria);

If the message matches other messages by these criteria it is copied into a transmission-awaiting list;

If there are no matches found the message is transmitted and it goes onto an acknowledgement-awaiting list.

The communication sessions, initiated by ABM messages, should end with sending the ABK message including the result.

9.2.2 BBM - Broadcast Binary Message

BBM sentence is used for broadcast messaging of text or binary data. Returned ABK sentence (see paragraph ABM - addressed binary and safety related message to compare) only confirms that the message was sent successfully, it does not contain acknowledgement. Thus, BBM messages do not require waiting lists as described in paragraph ABM - addressed binary and safety related message.

The communication sessions, initiated by BBM messages, should end with sending the ABK message including the result.

9.2.3 AIR - AIS Interrogation Request

AIR sentence is used to request static and voyage data from another station when required data is not transmitted automatically. For this request a communication session is established as described in paragraph ABM - addressed binary and safety related message.

The communication sessions, initiated by AIR messages, should end with sending the ABK message including the result.

9.2.4 ACA - AIS Regional Channel Assignment Message

ACA sentence is used to provide the base station with the region list. AIS station can store information about 10 areas.

Area information coming from any source goes into the catalogue where it is checked against all the entries and if its overlapping with any of the old areas the latter is deleted.

Coordinates of regions from the list of regions together with the operating modes for these regions are regularly transmitted by the base station in the form of message 22

9.2.4.1 Deleting regions from the base station memory

IEC-61993 using $xxACA sentence is able to advise the AIS station a list of geographical regions, including operation mode for each of them. Each $xxACA sentence adds one region to the list. IEC-619932 doesn't foresee any method to delete regions. IEC-619932 is extended by the following form of $xxACA sentence, where all fields are empty but the geographical coordinates:

$xxACA,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,llll.ll,a,yyyyy.yy,a,,,,,,,,,,*hh

ITU-1371 standard defines that geographical regions cannot intersect. This property makes it possible to assign the following interpretation to the introduced form of $xxACA sentence:all regions that intersect with the region specified in this sentence are deleted from the list of regions.

9.2.4.2 Base station RF control

The special form of $xxACA sentence, not specifying the geographical coordinates, but the numbers and other parameters of the radio channels is used for control of the base station per se similar to BCF sentence.

9.2.5 Region list control

The list of regions stored by the AIS station can be received after the following request:

$xxyyQ,ACA*hh

where yy talker ID of the base station specified in BCF sentence.

In answer to such request, the base station will send a number of $yyACA sentences, each of them describing a region.9.2.6 ACK Acknowledge alarm

ACK message is received by AIS station as acknowledgement of the fact that external device connected to the presentation port has reacted to erroneous situation sent using ALR message.

After receiving this message the second ALR transmission is done with the set acknowledgement attribute.

External device must send an acknowledgement for each received ALR message

9.2.7 VDM - VHF Data-link Message

Every time station receives a VHF message from another station it generates VDM sentence. The sentence contains the whole of VHF message which allows external devices to have all the data broadcast in media.

9.2.8 VDO - VHF Data-link Own-vessel message

Every time the station sends a VHF message it generates a VDM sentence. The sentence contains the whole of the VHF message which allows external devices to have all the data broadcast in media.

9.2.9 ALR Alarm status

ALR sentence is used to inform external devices about station operational faults. For each identified fault an ALR message is transmitted with 30 seconds intervals. Error codes are given in ! ..

9.2.10 Transmission on one-time messages (10, 16, etc.)

The base station can receive, using the MAIN / AUX interfaces, !xxVDO and !xxVDM sentences in accordance with IEC-61993 syntax (IEC-61993 defines!xxVDO sentence as an outgoing one from the base station).

Both these sentences are accepted by the base station as a command to just transmit the contained data in media.

The base station checks only the length of the contained data (maximum 1008 bits) without performing neither data interpretation nor check.

After transmission the base station sends !--VDO sentence in the general order according to IEC-61993.

9.2.11 Sending an address command for control of mobile station radio frequencies (ACM)

ACM sentence allows radio channel numbers and parameters to be sent to one or two specified mobile stations. ACM sentence initiates the sending of message 22 with the same data specified in sentence ASEE

9.2.12 Sending an address command for assigned mode of the mobile station (ASN)

ASN sentence allows a mode to be assigned to a specified mobile station. ASN sentence initiates the sending of message 16 with the same data specified in sentence ASN.

9.2.13 Base station configuration (BCF)

BCF sentence configures base station parameters, including own MMSI, talker ID, numbers/parameters of radio channels, etc.

Note: as configuration and control of the base station using sentences BCF, CAB, CBM and DLM is quite a serious operation, its actual execution starts with a 5 to 10 second delay after receiving these sentences. It allows for specification of a group of concordant sentences, preventing a short-time work of the base station in uncoordinated modes.

9.2.14 Base station control (CAB)

CAB sentence allows the individual transmission at A/B AIS channels to be turned ON/OFF.

See the note in paragraph Base station configuration (BCF)9.2.15 Configuration of base station report rate (CBM)

CBM sentence allows for specification of slots for transmission of messages 4, 17, 20, 22. If no slot for these messages is reserved, they won't be able to be transmitted. Slots for such messages should be reserved using DLM sentences.

All other messages will be transmitted by the base station using slots reserved by DLM sentences with L attribute, but not engaged for transmission of messages 4, 17, 20, 22.Note: when assigning slots, the user answers for avoiding conflicts with the base stations within VHF-listening distance.See the note in paragraph Base station configuration (BCF)9.2.16 Time slot assignment (DLM)

DLM sentence makes it possible to reserve slots for both your own use (L attribute) and for other stations' use (R attribute). The slots reserved for local use, but not engaged in CBM sentence, will be used for transmission of other messages - not 4, 17, 20, 22 (i.e. for messages 16 specified mode, 6,7,8,10,12,13 transmission of text and binary data, 15 request, 11 response to request on UTC and others). If such slots are not available, the messages cannot be sent.

Note: when assigning slots, the user answers for avoiding conflicts with the base stations within VHF-listening distance.

See the note in paragraph Base station configuration (BCF)9.3 Interface to receive and transmit differential correctionsThe AIS station has an interface to receive and transmit differential corrections. It is assumed that the base AIS station receives differential corrections (in RTCM format) via this interface with subsequent passing them to the AIS channels; while the mobile AIS station receives differential corrections from the AIS channels and sends them to the output interface in RTSEE format. Thus the interface is only used in one direction, but the station itself does not have such limitation.

The differential corrections are transmitted in a not-transparent mode. ITU-1371 standard requires geographical coordinates of the reference station to be transmitted via AIS channels with every sent message. To meet this standard AIS station stores coordinates of up to 4 reference stations. Differential corrections coming from reference stations and not found in AIS station are ignored. Reference station coordinates can be entered manually via control and display panel (during setup procedure) or they can be calculated from Cartesian coordinates by station itself (some stations broadcast Cartesian coordinates see RTCM message 3). In any case, accuracy for transmitting geographical coordinates is 0.1 minute of latitude and longitude.After receiving the differential corrections via AIS channel the station sends them in RTCM format via output interface. In order not to waste geographical coordinates of reference station, AIS station converts them into Cartesian coordinates and presents them as additional RTCM message 3. As the transfer accuracy value is not very high for geographical coordinates, inaccuracy value for Cartesian coordinates will be somewhat like 400m.10 List of alarms, statuses, faults and methods to remove them

All faults are divided into five groups:

Entire failure of the main unit, including failure of the self-testing system;

Entire failure of the main unit, with diagnostics results shown on CDP;

Partial failure of the main unit, $--ALR diagnostics messages going to presentations interface and CDP.

Failure of some components where self-testing is not supported.

Control and display panel failure (full or partial) with main unit still functioning..

When discovered, faults of group 3 are displayed on CDP with the same code as in $AIALR message sent via the presentations interface.

List of alarms and respective codes:

"Tx malfunction" (1)

"Antenna VSWR exceeds limit" (2)

"Rx channel A malfunction" (3)

"Rx channel B malfunction" (4)

"Rx channel DSC malfunction" (5)

"General failure" (6)

"MKD connection lost" (8)

"External EPFS lost" (25)

"No sensor position in use" (26)

"No TDMA synchronization" (72)

"Tx amplifier malfunction" (78)

"No own reports mode" (79)

List of conditions:

"UTC clock lost" (7)

"UTC clock found" (57)

"External DGNSS in use" (21)

"External GNSS in use" (22)

"Internal DGNSS in use (beacon)" (23)

"Internal DGNSS in use (message 17)" (24)

"Internal GNSS in use" (25)

"Surveyed position in use" (26)

"Channel management parameters changed" (36)

"Ext.pos.src. in normal mode" (60)

"Ext.pos.src. in diff. mode" (61)

"Ext.pos.not available" (62)

"Ext.pos.is manual entered" (63)

"Ext.pos.is dead reckoning" (64)

"Ext.pos.src. is inoperative" (65)

"Int.pos.src. in normal mode" (66)

"Int.pos.src. in diff. mode" (67)

"Int.pos.not available" (68)

"Int.pos.is manual entered" (69)

"Int.pos.is dead reckoning" (70)

"Int.pos.src. is inoperative" (71)

"Direct TDMA synchronization" (73)

"InDirect TDMA synchronization" (74)

"TDMA Sync. by base station" (75)

"TDMA Sync. by semaphore" (76)

"No TDMA synchronization" (77)

Table below gives a list of potential faults and failures, with category number, description and possible cause.

Table 8. List of faults

DescriptionGroup Cause

1Main unit is powered up but LED power indicator does not show there is power, control and display panel has a message No link with the main unit and there are no other messages.1No power supply or the fuse is blown: check or replace.

2Same as under item 1, but power indicator is showing power. According to external device diagnostics (NAVI-HARBOR, ECDIS, etc.) main unit is not functioning.1Power unit of the main unit is burnt out: contact service department.

3When control and display panel is powered up one of these messages comes up:

ROM: Error

RAM: Error

Flash: Error2Central processor failure: contact service department.

4Control panel produces Fatal error message, followed by a diagnostics message.2Main unit components failure: contact service department.

5Control and display panel screen is not illuminated, there are no messages. 5Power is not supplied to control panel: check and correct. Control panel power unit is burnt out: contact service department.

6Control panel screen is not illuminated, but is showing normal messages. 5Illumination bulb is blown: contact service department.

7When pressing buttons on control panel screen there is no sound, or response is incorrect (i.e. cursor moves in the wrong direction).5One or two infra-red pairs are blown: contact service department.

8Control panel screen is showing No link with the main unit message, but AIS station appears to be functioning properly (according to NAVI-HARBOR, ECDIS diagnostics report). 5Connection cable is damaged: repair cable if possible. Control panel or main unit port may have blown: contact service department.

9One or more external devices connected to main unit are not functioning properly with AIS station. 4Check interface set-up in the setup menu first (see paragraph "Serial interface setup"). If it is correct check the cable: maybe the connecting cable is broken: repair the cable, if respective tools and materials are available.Serial port may have blown: contact service department.

10AIS station does not have any navigational data. 3Data sources are not connected: check and correct. Interfaces may be set up incorrectly: correct (see paragraph 7.4 for set-up instructions). If it is correct check the cable: maybe the connecting cable is broken: repair the cable, if respective tools and materials are available.

Serial port may have blown: contact service department.

11Message about malfunction of internal GPS/Glonass receiver. 3Check internal GNSS antenna connection. If antenna is connected correctly but GNSS receiver is not functioning within 30 minutes (necessary to load the almanac), contact service department.

12Message about standing-wave ratio limit being exceeded. 3Check VHF antenna connection.

13Message about malfunction of transmitter. 3Contact service department.

14Message about malfunction of receivers. 3Contact service department.

11 Switching Controller

The switching controller is an independent device designed to control the main unit and the backup unit. It has the following functions:

turning ON/OFF the AIS station power supply;

AIS station power supply control;

Electrical conversion of the signals between RS-422 and RS-232 interfaces;

Switching CDP from one AIS station to another one.

The figure shows a functional diagram of the switching controller.

The switching controller has two +24V power supply inputs with the common ground, each of which being used for energizing its AIS station.

Working in the transparent mode, the switching controller retransmits data from an external control computer, from CTRL1 port to AIS1 port and back, and also from CTRL2 port to AIS2 port and back.

Aside from retransmission via ports CTRL1 and CTRL2, the controller receives the power supply control commands. Regardless of rate/mode of exchange with the AIS stations, the commands should be forwarded in mode 38400-8-N-1 (38400 baud, 8 bit without parity, one stop bit).

Command format: !xxAIQ, UNIT=m, POWER=n

where:

xx command source code (ignored by the controller),

m address of one of two AIS stations (0-AIS1 station or 1-AIS2 station),

n command (0-OFF, 1-ON).

The command should end with the "Carriage Return" symbol or the "Line feed" symbol. The checksum can be generated at the telegram end in accordance with IEC61162-1.

The controller sends the status of AIS station power supply via the Status port (port operating mode is 38400-8-N-1).

Message format: !AIPWR, UNIT=m, POWER=n

The checksum and the symbols "Carriage Return" and "Line Feed" are to be added at the end of the telegram.

Messages are transmitted, if the status is changed (i.e. if the corresponding command is received), if the power supply is turned ON, and by request. The status request can also be sent via ports CTRL1 and CTRL2 similar to the sending of a control command.

Request format: !xxAIQ, UNIT=m, POWER=?

The "ON/OFF" status for each AIS station is stored in the nonvolatile storage, therefore, when the unit is reenergized, the status will be restored.

The Display socket is used for the special triple cable connecting the Display sockets of two AIS stations with CDP. The face panel of the controller has a switch used to connect CDP to one of the AIS stations.

The following tables show purpose of connector terminals and diagrams of the connecting cables.

Table 9. Display socket (DB-15M)Circuit Term. #Cable

COM 11To Disp socket of AIS1 station

Y 12

Z 13

B 14

A 15

COM P6To CDP

Y P7

Z P8

B P9

A P10

COM 211To Disp. Socket of AIS2 station

Y 212

Z 2 13

B 214

A 215

Table 10. UAIS1 and UAIS2 (DB-9M) connectorsCircuitTerm. #

COM6

A4

B3

Z2

Y1

Table 11. CTRL1 and CTRL2 (DB-9F) connectorsCircuitTerm. #

Rx3

Tx2

SGND5

Table 12. Status (DB-9F) CircuitTerm. #

Tx2

SGND5

Table 13. Connectors Pwr In1 and Pwr In2 (218451) and Pwr Out1 and Pwr Out2 (218451)

CircuitTerm. #

+24V1

Gnd4

The face panel of the switching module hosts the following control LEDs:

INPUT +24V DC for UAIS I and UAIS II, showing +24V at power supply inputs;

OUTPUT +24V DC for UAIS I and UAIS II, showing +24V at power supply outputs;

RS-422 RECEIVE for UAIS I and UAIS II, flashing during data transmission to ports UAIS I and UAIS II;

RS-422 TRANSMIT for UAIS I and UAIS II, flashing during data transmission from ports to ports UAIS I and UAIS II;

PROCESSOR for UAIS I and UAIS II, briefly flashing each 5 to 10 seconds, confirming operational integrity of the processors and availability of link between them. Constant glowing or no-flashing is a sign of failure.

Figure 13 - GPS antenna/GLONASS, dimension drawing

Figure 14 - GPS antenna, dimension drawing

Figure 15 - Bracket, dimension drawing

List of Tables

4Table 1. AIS station technical specifications

13Table 2 List of VHF-messages, received / transmited by the shore station

24Table 3 - XS1 Straight socket SMB 59K101-002 D3 ROSENBERGER

24Table 4 - XS3 Straight socket SMB 59K101-002 D3 ROSENBERGER

24Table 5 - XS4 Socket 4-87456-9 AMP with 141-603-4 AMP terminals

24Table 6 - XS2 Socket 1-87456-9 AMP

53Table 7 List of messages received from sensors

59Table 8. List of faults

62Table 9. Display socket (DB-15M)

63Table 10. UAIS1 and UAIS2 (DB-9M) connectors

63Table 11. CTRL1 and CTRL2 (DB-9F) connectors

63Table 12. Status (DB-9F)

63Table 13. Connectors Pwr In1 and Pwr In2 (218451) and Pwr Out1 and Pwr Out2 (218451)

List of Figures

6Figure 1 - Main unit

8Figure 2 - VHF antenna

9Figure 3 - Control and display panel

9Figure 4 - Combined antenna GPS/GLONASS

10Figure 5 - GPS antenna.

10Figure 6 Switching Controller (socket side view)

11Figure 7 Switching Controller (face panel view)

12Fig. 8 Schematic diagram of the main unit, backup modules, power supply module CDP, the server AIS, and the switching controller

15Figure 9 Construction of the main unit as viewed from the side of TDMA/DSC receivers and transmitters

17Figure 10 Main unit functional diagram

22Figure 11 - Functional diagram of GPS/GLONASS K-161 receiver

23Figure 12 - GNSS receiver wiring diagram

65Figure 13 - GPS antenna/GLONASS, dimension drawing

66Figure 14 - GPS antenna, dimension drawing

67Figure 15 - Bracket, dimension drawing

EMBED CorelPhotoPaint.Image.11

RS-422

Display

RS-232

CTRL1

RS-422

AIS1

Pwr In2

+24V

Pwr Out1

+24V

Pwr In1

+24V

RS-232

Status

EMBED Word.Picture.8

EMBED Word.Picture.8

Pwr Out2

+24V

RS-422

AIS2

RS-232

CTRL2

micro controller

A mobile PC with a special software can be used instead of LCD.

Using a PC require |s the RS422-RS232 adapter .

When using a PC, the LCD screen is shown as a window.

When using a PC not equipped with a touch-screen, the touching of the active area is simulated with a mouse left click.

Not support |ed by the software version being described.

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UART1 (out)

UART2(in)

UART1(in)

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Controller

Internal

GNSS

Receiver

AIS1

Receiver

AIS2

Receiver

DSC

Transmitter

Interfaces

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XP1

10

XP4

-

161

-

-

-

SM

-

02

-

01YZ

XP3

XP6

XS1

XS2

XS3

XS4

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