TRAINMOSS II PRESENTATION (Josep Giribet)€¦ · LNG Storage in a cryogenic tank: ... The pressure...

October 2015

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1. The Natural Gas2. Value chain3. LNG Satellite Plants.4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants.5. LNG Satellite Plants uses6. Marine Applications

MOLGAS ENERGÍA S.A.U.

Molgas is one of the leading designer and manufacturer of small‐scale LNGtechnologies.

More than 20 years of experience in the small scale LNG business due to thehistorically advanced position of Spain as the leader with Japan in the smallscale LNG market. More than 150 regasification plants built in Europe in thepast decade.

With a fleet of over 110 tanks for LNG road transport, Molgas is the leadingcompany of LNG transportation. We are currently delivering 6.900 GWh, peryear (worth over 210 million€) through Europe.

Actively involved in the LNG market, offering integral solutions to domestic,industrial and power generation clients: molecule, transport and regasificationplants. Diversified portfolio on the supply of molecule.

Strong presence in the LNG for light and heavy vehicles and starting presence inthe bunkering sector

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…biggest LNG truck company in Europe

Molgas Group…

…leading manufacturer of LNG

plants

…more than 100 industrial clients

The use of LNG provides energetic savings for clients of approximately 26% versus LPG and 20% versus fuel

The use of LNG provides energetic savings for clients of approximately 26% versus LPG and 20% versus fuel

MOLGAS ENERGÍA S.A.U.

Key figures of the company today are:110 LNG tankers (2 times our next competitor) providing LNG road truck transportationservices to more than 150 clients throughout Spain, France and Portugal.

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We are currently delivering 6,900 GWh,per year (worth over 210 million€). Thegroup is the biggest LNG transportationcompany in Europe.

Over 100 clients to which we provide“the whole service”, i.e. designing &building the satellite plant, transport andsale of LNG; total amount of 1,600Gwh.

Strong presence in Spain, Portugal,France, Italy and Latam with an estimatedmarket of 15,000 GWh (1,500 million€) inthe next three years.

1. The Natural Gas

It´s a gas combustible under normal conditions, mainly constituted bymethane.

Its maritime transport is carried out in liquidphase (LNG) by “methane carriers” ata temperature of ‐160 °C.

Its industrial use improves the combustion process, enabling a bettercontrol, regulation and reduction in the operation cost in generationequipment.

Because it´s a continuous supply with no storage needs, and for its highbenefits, it´s ideal for its use in turbines, cogeneration, furnaces, waterproduction, direct flame heating, etc..

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1. The natural gas: EMISIONS

The use of natural gas instead of other fossil fuels, reduces emissionssignificantly, being the most environmentally friendly combustible:

25% of CO2

70% of NOx

absence of SO2 and particles

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1. The natural gas: ECONOMICAL

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1. The natural gas: IT’S NATURAL

LNG Vapour pressure

0,0

5,0

10,0

15,0

20,0

25,0

30,0

-165,0 -145,0 -125,0 -105,0

t (ºC)

p (b

ar a

bs)

Density

300

315

330

345

360

375

390

405

420

435

450

465

0 5 10 15 20 25 30p (bar)

Den

sida

d d

(Kg/

m3)

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1. The natural gas: PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

1. The natural gas: DENSITY

• Before open security valves, we warraty 95% level liquid fase (Instead ADR rules).

Do you know the LNG?

• www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCMB7zYiIp4

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Estado Conver. Nm3 MMPC Kg gas M3 US Gallon

Kg liquido

kWh MMBTU

Gas Nm3 ‐ 35,3x10 ‐6

0,76 0,00162

0,42751

0,76 10,7 0,03652

MMPC 28.300 ‐ 21.000 46 12.106,5

21.000 283.000

1.020,0

Kg gas 1,32 4,7x10 ‐5 ‐ 2,3x10 ‐3

0,6x10 ‐3

1 13,6 52,3x10 ‐3

Líquido M3 580 21,8x10 ‐3

455 ‐ 0,26 455 6.206 22,58

US Gallon

2,34 82,6x10 ‐6

1,6 3,8 ‐ 1,6 25,04 0,085

Kgliquido

1,32 50,5x10 ‐6

1 2,3x10 ‐3

0,6x10 ‐3

‐ 13,6 52,3x10 ‐3

Energía kWh 0,093 3,5x10 ‐6 0,073 0,2x10 ‐3

0,04 0,073 ‐ 3,3x10 ‐3

MMBTU 27,4 0,9x10 ‐3 19,1 0,044 11,76 19,1 303,03 ‐

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• INFLAMABILITY: 4,4 a 17%• CRYOGENIC TEMPERATURE: ‐164ºC, PRESURE: Pipeline pressure will be around70‐80 bar, GNC is around 200 bar

• ASPHYXIA: It is NOT tóxic, but it desplace theoxigen

• NOT ODOUR: It is necessary to odorize (THT o Mercaptan)

1. The natural gas: RISKS

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• CLASSIFICATION: Risk Classification is 3 on a scale of 1‐3 (1 = low, 2 = medium, 3 = high). Natural gas is lighter than air (specific gravity 0.61) and despite their high levels of flammability and explosiveness, leakage or emissions dissipate quickly in the upper layers of the atmosphere, hindering the formation of explosive mixtures with air.

• HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: You must stay away from ignition sources, sparks, flame and heat. Domestic classification or lacking electrical connections are the most common sources of ignition.

1. The natural gas: PREVENTION

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• FLASH POINT: (Natural Gas: ‐222ºC) is substance with flash point of 38 ° C or less is considered dangerous, between 38 and 93 ° C, moderately flammable, greater than 93 ° C flammability is low (fuel). The flash point of the natural gas (‐222ºC) makes it an extremely dangerous compound.

• LEVELS OF EXPLOSIVE: mixtures of air with less than 4.5% and more than 14.5% are non‐flammable methane or exploited; even in the presence of an ignition source.

• CALIBRATION ALARM DETECTORS of explosive mixtures:– Point 1 = 20% LEL: visual and audible alarm gas in the atmosphere.– Point 2 = 60% LEL: You must perform actions stop pumps, block valves,

etc ... Before reaching the hazardous area.

1. The natural gas: PREVENTION (II)

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT: It is mandatory to wear a uniform to work all day that is exposed to LNG:

‐ HULL: For the protection of the contraimpactos head, penetration, electric shock and burns.

‐ Safety glasses: for front, side and top of eye protection.

‐Work clothes camisole and pants or long sleeve 100% cotton coverall and leather gloves.

‐ INDUSTRIAL leather boots with protective sleeve and slip‐proof soles oil and chemicals.

Avoid skin contact with methanol in the liquid phase as it will cause frostbite.

1. The natural gas: PERSONAL PROTECTION

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• BIG SCALE: – Liquefaction trains using cascade system till20.000 tons/day,

– Transport by ship till 200.000 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till 2 milions Nm3/h.

• THIS ARE NOT OUR FOCUS PRESENTATION

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2.‐ Value Chain: Big Scale

• MEDIUM SCALE: – Liquefaction trains using MRC system till 2.000 tons/day,

– Transport by ship till 10.000 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till thousands Nm3/h.

• THIS ARE NOT OUR FOCUS PRESENTATION

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2.‐ Value Chain: Medium Scale

• SMALL SCALE: – Liquefaction column using Nitrogen expansionsystem till 300 tons/day,

– Transport by truck till 50 m3 LNG, – Regasification unit till 10.000 Nm3/h.

• NANO SCALE:– Liquefaction columns using Stirling system till 1 ton/day

– Transport and regasification nano scale.19

2.‐ Value Chain: Small Scale

2.‐ Value Chain: Diagram example

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1- Methane carrier2- LNG terminal3- Cryogenic truck (tanker)4- Tank5- Vaporisation station

3. LNG Satellite Plants

The natural gas is found in liquid phase (LNG) at a temperature of ‐160 °C andlow pressures. This conditions are achieved in big liquefaction plants.A LNG Satellite Plants is a set of storage and regasification facilities, designedto supply natural gas to the consumers that are located in areas where there isno gas supply grid.There are some requirements in order to be able to transport LNG to theSatellite Plants:

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LNG Terminal/Supply Plant close enough, with truck loading facilitiesavailable.

Proper road infrastructure.

To ensure an efficient and stable gas supply, the market needs must becompatible with the price of the LNG in origin, and the costs of therequired infrastructure.


Basic Concepts and Elements of a LNG Satellite PlantsThere are 4 main functional groups:

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LNG Regasification to Natural Gas: Is thegroup of equipment and accessories thatare set downstream the tank, which mainpurpose is transforming the stored LNG intonatural gas, at an environmenttemperature

Outlet pressure regulation: Installationused to steady the gas outlet at therequired pressure conditions.

LNG Truck download: is the set of elements that allows the LNG transfer from thetanker to the plant.

LNG Storage in a cryogenic tank: Is the set formed by the inner container, insulation,covering, valves, instrumentation and control equipment that allows the storage ofthe LNG at a temperature of ‐160 °C.

Instituto Superior de la EnergíaMaster en Gas y Electricidad

P&I LNG PLANTModulo Depósito

Modulo Descargas Modulo Gasificación

Modulo Regulación

Modulo Control

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Instituto Superior de la EnergíaMaster en Gas y Electricidad 24



Basic Concepts and Elements of a LNG Satellite Plants

Auxiliary elements can be also added:Control and Register of ParametersOdorizationSecurity and fire‐fighting systemCivil works, illumination, etc.

The regasification can be either atmospheric or forced, being the most common theatmospheric one, because of its economy, simplicity and security, for it hasn’t gotany mechanic or hydraulic drive.

The pressure inside de storage tank is usually between 29‐58 psi (2‐4 bar).

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The cryogenic tanks capacity is usually between 15,850 ‐ 52,834 gallons) 60 ‐200 m³.A 15,850 gallons (60 m³) tank can store 1,425 MMBtu (420 MWh).

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Preventive and corrective maintenance must be done periodically by qualifiedcompanies.These are simple and secure installations. There haven’t been any seriousincident in Europe for 30 years.

These installations don’t needany in‐situ supervision, for themain parameters can be remotecontrolled and the downloadscan be programmed by atelecontrol system.


Basic Normative applicable (proyect, construction, operation) in USA:

NFPA 59A “Standard for the Production, Storage, and Handling ofLiquefied Natural Gas”

49 CFR 193. “Liquefied Natural Gas Facilities: Federal Safety Standards”.

NFPA 70, National Electrical Code

US DOT 49 CFR Part 192, “Transportation of Natural and Other Gas byPipeline: Minimum Federal Safety Standards, Including All References”.

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4. LNG Road Transport to Satellite Plants

Basic Concepts:The transport to the satellite plants is usually focused in areas close to the LNGterminals (< 300 km). However, there are no technical impediments for the supply toplants that are more than 1000 km far from the terminal.

Currently, the transport in Europe is carried out in tankers with a 12,758 gal (58 m³)LNG capacity (useful capacity of 10,778 gal‐49 m³, about 1,063 MMBtu‐28,000 Nm³of natural gas). In USA, the tankers usually have a LNG capacity of 12,565 gallons(47.5 m³), with a useful capacity of 41.5 m³ (900 MMBtu).

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The tankers can becryogenic or isotherm,so they can also beused for the cryogenictransport of N2 and O2.

Instituto Superior de la EnergíaMaster en Gas y Electricidad

EuropeanAgreement

Concerning theInternational

Carriage of Dangerous Goods by

RoadA D R

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Max Working pressure: 7 bar

Gross Volume: 56.300 l

Insulation: superinsulation

Net GNL: 21.900 kg aprox.

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Basic Normative applicable (tanker’s construction, transport) in USA:

Section VIII, Division 1, American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME, Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

Compressed Gas Association (CGA) pamphlet number 341, “standard forinsulated cargo tank specification for nonflammable cryogenics Liquids”.

U.S. Department of Transportation Specification MC‐338.

49 U.S.C 5101 and follows.

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Involved figures in the LNG transport cycle by tankers:

Loading plant (terminal): It’s the loader. There must be an Emergency Planthat specifies the actions to take in the event of an accident.

Load operations: They are carried out by the staff of the loading plant andthe tanker’s driver.

Transporter: It’s the figure in charge of the LNG transport from the loadingplant to the satellite plant. An Emergency Plan is also needed.

Downloader: It’s the figure in charge of the LNG downloading operation,taking the appropriate security and quality measures. There must be anEmergency Plan that specifies the actions to take in the event of an accident.

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3. MARKET: SPANISH SYSTEM

During the year 2011 has been record‐breaking load of tanks in the Spanish gas system with a value of 44,182 tanks, 82% were loads ENAGAS terminals.

TAM SISTEMA

30.000

32.000

34.000

36.000

38.000

40.000

42.000

44.000

46.000

dic-10 ene-11 feb-11 mar-11 abr-11 may-11 jun-11 jul-11 ago-11 sep-11 oct-11 nov-11 dic-11

TAM SISTEMA TAM ENAGAS

100 % Market(44.182 LNG trucks)

29% Barcelona (10.511 LNG Trucks)

82% ENAGAS(36.075 LNG trucks)

18% OTHERS(8.107 LNG trucks)

28% Cartagena (10.102 LNG Trucks)

43% Huelva (15.462 LNG Trucks)

35.73138.629 38.880 37.979 38.490

44.182

37.59939.214 40.501

0

5.000

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

30.000

35.000

40.000

45.000

50.000

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

Market data in 2011:

Fuente : ENAGAS

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5. Satellite Plants uses

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The satellite plants have revealed as an efficient and secure way for thegas natural supply in cases as:

Industries: Those that, because of the distant to the gas supply grid, can’thave access to a competitive supply, compared to other companies of thesame sector, or those that can get a technological and economical advantage.

Electric generation

Vehicular

Bunkering

Residential market distribution: It allows the supply of pipe gas in urbanareas that are far from de gas supply grid, and promotes the construction ofgas infrastructures with lower investment costs than using a gas pipelineconnection.


Global supply

Low costs vs.

Othercombustibles

Low emissions

Industrial, vehicular and

Maritimeuses

Existing and proved technology

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The construction technology is simple and proved, so it is possible tohave access to natural gas in an easy way, with reducedoperational and maintenance costs.

To carry out a gasification plan with this technology, there must be aregulatory framework, to ensure the return on investment, and aconsultant with the relevant know‐how.


38Light and heavy vehicles

Value chain / Molgas presence

LNG ReceptionStation

Regasification plant

LNG Refuelingstation

Industry

Domestic

Supply contracts: signed contracts with

the main utilities for up to 2.000GWh

Bunkering

Vehicles

Gas pipeline Vehicles Heavy vehicles

Logistics: Europe’sleader on LNG

transport services. 110 LNG tanks

LNG ship

Gas Compressor CNG Refueling station

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LNG Liquiefaction plant

Engineering: leadermanufacturer with over150 plants designedand constructed

Satellite plant, France 2013, upper view

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Satellite plant, France 2013.

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Satellite plant, France 2013.

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Satellite plant, Portugal 2013.

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Equipments layout 120 m³

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6. Marine applications: Annex VI of MARPOL

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6. Marine applications: ECA & SECA zones

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6. Marine applications.

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6. Marine applications: Land to Ship

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6. Marine applications: Ship to Ship

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6. Marine applications: Truck to Ship

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6. Marine applications: Truck to Ship

Thank you

TRAINMOSS II PRESENTATION (Josep Giribet)€¦ · LNG Storage in a cryogenic tank: ... The pressure...

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