Training and Certification in Digital X-ray techniques ......Training and Certification in Digital...

Swedish Annual NDT Conference 2017, Malmö 1

Training and Certification in Digital X-ray techniques –

the German approach

Dr Matthias Purschke

German Society for Non Destructive Testing, DGZfP


Content

• Introduction • History • Standardization - Today • ISO 9712 - Qualification of Personnel • German Approach – Experiences • Conclusion


• Radioscopy with fluorescence screens quite common technique already in the 30‘s/40‘s

• cabinets with fluorescence screens end of the 1940‘s for Al-castings (Automotive)

History


History • Application of Image Intensifiers and specific

optics was state-of-the-art in 1950‘s

• Radioscopy with II and electronical cameras and electrical drives in the 1960‘s


• Increasing customer demand for programmable X-ray inspection in the 1970‘s

• systematic researches for image quality etc. finally started end of 70‘s (BAM, IIW, etc.)

History


• demand for particular qualification, DGZfP started in the 80‘s but very low participation

• X-ray inspection systems with Automated Defect Recognition (ADR) in the early 90‘s

• Development of Radioscopy Standards started in the early 90‘s

• Kick-off for particular qualification in 1994

History

• digital image processing in the 80‘s (first approaches for image improvement etc.)


• in 1994 DGZfP offered „Radioscopy Level 1“ in close cooperation with X-ray manufacturers

History

70%

10% 19%

1%

light alloy casting welding diverse supervisors

406 RS1 participants between 1994 and 2003


• In 1998 DGZfP offered Image Processing qualification with „Radioscopy Level 2“

History

37%

29%

32%

2%

light alloy castings welding diverse supervisors

123 RS2 participants between 1998 and 2003


RS 1 and RS 2 - participants

529 participants between 1995 and 2003

New approach (DR) started in 2004

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003

RS 1 and 2


• Focus of „Radioscopy 1 and 2“ was clearly set on Image Intensifiers and Image Processing

• End of the 90‘s different new digital detectors, like luminescence plates (CR) and flat panel detectors (DDA) captured the market

• Adoption of the content of „Radioscopy 1 and 2“ was urgently required

• In 2004 DGZfP started with updated courses „Digital Radiography Lev. 1 and 2 (DR)“

History


DR 1 and 2 - participants

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

DR 1 and 2

2016 participants between 2004 and 2014

New approach (RT-F, RT-S, RT-D) started in 2015


Standardisation - Today

Weld Inspection

General Rules EN 12062 superseded by EN ISO 17635:2010 (2015)

NDT General Rules

Basic Rules EN ISO 5579

Radiogr. Welds ISO 17636-1,2

X-ray basic rules

Characterisation of X-ray equipment

Focal Spot Size EN 12543,1-5

Energy EN 12544, 1-3



Weld Inspection


NDT General Rules



X-ray basic rules





2016



Weld Inspection


NDT General Rules



X-ray basic rules





EN ISO 17636 - 2



Weld Inspection

Characterisation of Detectors

Radiogra. Film EN ISO 11699-1,2

Illuminators EN 25580 ISO 5580

IQI‘s EN ISO 19232 1-5

Characterisation of Image Quality

Radisocopy EN 13068-3

Computed Radiography EN ISO 14784-2

DDA ASTM E 2597 M


EN ISO 9712 – Qualification of Personnel

Note: Germany retained the EN 473 min. training requirements for RT 1 (72h) and UT 1 (64h)


EN ISO 9712 – Qualification of Personnel

Note: The system specified in the International Standard ISO 9712 can also apply to other NDT methods or to new techniques within an established NDT method, provided a comprehensive scheme of certification exists and the method or technique is covered by International, regional or national standards or the new NDT method or technique has been demonstrated to be effective to the satisfaction of the certification body.


RT - Restructuring



Method Entry

Certificate

Level 1

hours

Level 2

hours

Level 3

hours

RT F

Film

none 72 80 + RT F 1 1)

RT 3

72 h

+ RT F or RT D or

RT S 1 + 2

+ 32 h RT practical training*

* Direct access with BC course

* Additional if access by RT S 2

RT D 1 32 80

RT D 2 32 80

RT D

Digital

Film Replacement

none 72 80 + RT D 1 1)

RT F 1 32 80

RT F 2, RT 3 32 60 2)

RT S 2 -- 60 2)

RT S

Radioscopy

none 32 32 + RT S 1

RT D 1, 2 32 32

1) Level 1 Training not required with additional technical

qualificatiom (e.g. candidates with University graduation)

2) 50 % minimum requirement by ISO 9712 (Level 1+2=40h+80h)

RT - Restructuring


Method

Level 1 Level 2

access as

Level 1

Level 2

direct access

Level 3

access as

Level 2

Level 3

direct access

RT F 3 9 12 — —

RT D 3 9 12 — —

RT S 3 9 12 — —

RT — — — 18 27

Minimum industrial experience

RT - Restructuring


Transitional arrangement

• Valid RT 1 or RT 2 certificates will be adapted at next renewal or recertification (RT -> RT F)

• Valid DR 1 or DR 2 will be adapted at next renewal or recertification (DR -> RT S)

• Holders of valid DR 2 and RT 2 certificates or RT 3 certificate and DR 2 qualification (examination before 2015) may request a RT D 2 certificate at next renewal or recertification

RT – Restructuring/Transition


RT participants – new approach


49

350

293

48

291 289

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

RT D RT F RT S

participants RT

2015 2016


• Draft ISO TR 25107: 2014 “Non-destructive testing — Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses”

ISO/TC 135/SC 7/WG 9 - Revisions of training guidelines-


• Non-film techniques (Radioscopy with Image Intensifiers or Fluoroscopic Screens) are not really new

• First training courses for Radioscopy started in 1994

• Training courses with stronger focus on digital detectors in 2004

• New approach for RT F-, RT D-, RT S-Training in 2015

• ISO 9712 allows application to other NDT methods or to new techniques within an established NDT method

• RT F, RT D and RT S are covered by standards (EN ISO, ASTM)

• Draft ISO TR 25107: 2014 “Non-destructive testing — Guidelines for NDT training syllabuses” already takes this into account

Non-film techniques are very valuable if appropriate training was applied !

Conclusion

Training and Certification in Digital X-ray techniques ......Training and Certification in Digital...

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