Traditional Chinese Medicine - IPVCciev.ipvc.pt/sites/default/files/SabineMai_E TCM.pdf ·...

Trad.Chinese Medicine

© Dr. Sabine Mai, MSc, MAS,

CCRP

Physiotherapy & Rehab

1

© Dr. Sabine Mai, MSc, MAS, CCRP


Traditional Chinese

Medicine



TCM

3 columns

1. Way of living: eating, sleeping, work – life

balance, …….

2. Acupuncture and Tuina

3. Chinese Herbs



TCM

● TCM doesn’t deal a lot with anatomical

structures, but with the identification of

functional entities (which regulate

digestion, breathing, aging etc.).

● While health is perceived as a well balanced

status of these entities and the outside

world, disease is interpreted as a

disharmony in interaction



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Balance



TCMTCM diagnosis consists in tracing symptoms

to an underlying disharmony, mainly by

using the therapist’s senses:

o looking at the body: posture, way of

moving, body condition

o palpating the pulse

o inspecting the tongue

o Smelling

o Listening o the voice, the sounds that are

made….



Yin and Yang

● In the eyes of the old Chinese scientists no

single being or form could exist unless it

was seen in relation to its surrounding

environment.

● By simplifying these relationships, they

tried to explain complicated phenomena in

the universe and founded the Yin yang

theory



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Yin and Yang

The theory is based on two main components:

yin and yang. They combine in a

complementary manner and form a method

for explaining relationships between

objects.

The original concept of yin and yang came

from the observation of nature and the

environment. "Yin" originally referred to the

shady side of a slope while "yang" referred

to the sunny side.



Yin and Yang

● Later, this thinking was used for

understanding other relationships, between

pairs that had complementary and

opposing characteristics in nature. : sky

and earth, day and night, water and fire,

active and passive, male and female.

Working with these ideas, ancient people

recognized that all things could have yin

and yang properties.



Yin and Yang

● yang is associated with energetic qualities:

movement, outward and upward direction,

heat, brightness, stimulation, activity and

excitement

● Yin is associated with the physical form of

an object and has less energetic qualities:

rest, inward and downward direction, cold,

darkness, condensation, inhibition, and

nourishment.



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Yin and yang

● In Yang (represented by the white tadpole)

lies the seed of Yin (represented by the

black dot) and vice-versa. In addition Yin

and Yang are cyclical. In the symbol you

can see that Yang grows but at its height,

Yin emerges. Then Yin grows and at its

height Yang appears and the cycle repeats

itself.

● Actually another way to look at Yin and

Yang is contraction and expansion!



Yin and yang

● Eyery sound and healthy organism has a

well balanced account of yang and yin.

● When there is too much yang the organism

will be ill: too much energy will consume,

will burn away the body

● Too much yin will show dampness and cold,

will stop any movement, the body will be

drowned.



Model of the Body

● Qi

● Blood

● Body fluids

● Essence

● Zang Fu



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Five Elements Theory

● Five Elements theory presumes that all

phenomena of the universe and of nature

can be broken down into five elemental

qualities

● wood

● fire

● earth

● metal

● water



Strict rules are

identified to apply

to the relationships

between the Five

Phases in terms

o of sequence,

o of acting on each

other,

o of counteraction



The Six Excesses

External pathogenic factors

● Wind

● Cold

● Fire/Heat

● Dampness

● Dryness

● Summerheat



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Seven Emotions

Internal pathogenic factors

● joy

● anger

● brooding

● sorrow

● fear

● fright

● grief



others

non-external-non-internal causes:

● dietary irregularities

● fatigue,

● Trauma

● parasites



Tui na● Tui na is an ancient hands-on treatment using

many different techniques.

● The goal is to rebalance the body. The

principles are based on the principles of

Traditional Chinese

● The practitioner may brush, knead, roll/press

and rub the areas between each of the joints to

open the body's defensive chi and get the

energy moving in both the meridians and the

muscles.



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Tui na

● The practitioner can use range of motion,

traction, massage, with the stimulation of

acupressure points to treat both acute and

chronic musculoskeletal conditions, as well as

many non-musculoskeletal conditions.

● Tui na is an integral part of Traditional

Chinese Medicine



Meridian Theory

Qi must flow smoothly through all meridians

blockage = pain = loss of function

Determines

● pathology

● diagnosis

● treatment



Meridian Therory

● How many meridians?

● 12 regular meridians

● 8 extraordinary meridians

● 15 collaterals

● 12 divergent meridians

● 12 muscle regions

● Superficial collaterals.......



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Techniques

● Every organ has ist own pair of meridians

● All the organs are connected – so energy

will flow between

● Every organ has

o its emotion

o its special pathogenic factor

o its tissue



Techniques

● Tuina may tonify or sedate the energy, that

is flowing through the meridians

● Gentle, slow, superficial techniques that

lead to the heart will tonify

● Strong , quick and short techniques leading

from the heart will help to dispel or sedate

energy



Techniques

Tuina includes every form of manual therapy.

We see

● very strong thrusts similar to chiropraxis

● Vibrations, compressions and tractions

similar to joint mobilizations

● Different massage techniques



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Simple Meridian

Theory

by Sabine

● Qi has to flow smoothly

● Point of blockage hurts

● Look for the Ashi points ( they hurt) and

treat them with Tuina



Simple techniques

by Sabine

● Choose gentle techniques

● Start with no or low pressure

● If a region is very painful start in the periphery

● get closer to the point carefully

● Choose the appropriate technique: there are different qualities of pain:

● Some patients like to have a lot of pressure

● Some patients can’t stand pressure at all



Techniques

TUI: shove

NA: pinch

AN: press

MO: rub and circle

ROU: press and circle

YAO: circle

CUO: twirl



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TUI

● Shove and push

with pressure in

one dirction, come

back without any

pressure

● Start superficially

● Rhythmically!



NA

● Use your hand like

pincers

● Press and release

● Slowly and

rhythmically



AN

● Press

● Start slowly,

increase pressure,

stay on the point

● or

● Press rhythmically



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MO

● Rub and circle

● Superficial

technique

● Hand glides over

the skin

● Warms skin



ROU

● Press and circle

● THE acupressure

technique

● Increase the

pressure slowly

● keep the circling

velocity constant



YAO

● Improve the flow of

qi and blood

through the

meridians by

circling a limb or a

joint

● Rhythmically!



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CUO

● Twist and twirl

● Increase speed and

pressure

● Rhythmically!

● Do not stop

abruptly



TIPP

● thanks to my teachers: Prof. NIU, Prof. LI,

Dr. PIA – none of them would touch a dog

● Naturally I can only show my own

interpretation of these techniques

● There are a lot more techniques to be

studied , I picked only some of the easiest

to apply on a hairy, squiggly and hurting

dog.

Traditional Chinese Medicine - IPVCciev.ipvc.pt/sites/default/files/SabineMai_E TCM.pdf ·...

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