Trade routes assignment

Daniel Schollie

Abbasid dynasty circa 786 – 1194 CE(Map)

Abbasid Dynasty

• Used Baghdad, Cairo and Cordoba to stimulate trade and industry throughout the Islamic world

• Created paper using Chinese methods• Created concept of Cheque (American Spelling,

Originally Check)• Bazaars held goods from around the world for

sale• Increased demand for materials within the

Islamic empire, such as iron, leather and glass

Trans Saharan Trade

• Outsiders rarely traded within the Sahara in early years

• However, Locals used these North-West trade routes to sustain their cultures

• Caravans of Islamic traders• Berbers• TRADED: GOLD, SALT, IVORY, POTTERY, SPICES,

IRON GOODS, CAMELS, LINENS

Saharan trade routes circa 1400, with the modern territory of Niger highlighted

Darb el-Arbain Trade Route

• Kharga and Asyut• Old Egyptian Kingdom• Romans• “Forty day road”• EXCHANGED: GOLD, IVORY, SPICES,

WHEAT, ANIMALS, PLANTS

Trade Routes Focused around Carthage

• Garamantes ---- c.1500 BCE• Phoenecia------- c. 400 BCE• Carthage (founded c. 800 BCE) • Middle men conducted trade• IMPORTED: SALT, CLOTH, BEADS, METAL

GOODS• EXPORTED: GOLD (West African), IVORY,

SLAVES

Silk Road Trade (map slide 8)

• China Export: China, porcelain, Bronze ornaments, medicines, Spices, Perfumes, Chinese Inventions, Paper, Tea, Rice

• China Import: Gold, Silver, Precious stones, Glass items, Hides, Wool, hunting dogs, Ivory, Turtle shells, Ceramics, Iron items,

Mirrors

Indian Ocean

• Gold, Ivory, Iron were all imported• Exported cotton, silk and porcelain• High demand for these exports due to low

supply• Cities were easy to reach due to location and

favourable winds and ocean currents• Cargo easy to load and unload at cities

AREAS OF MAJOR TRADE

Swahili Coast

• Connected East, Central and South Africa to Indian/Pacific trade routes

• Trade connected as far as Great Zimbabwe and modern day Democratic Republic of Congo

• Slaves, Ivory major income providers• Currency, Pottery, Beads, Spices all

imported

Great Zimbabwe

• Bantu people founded Great Zimbabwe on their migration southward

• Trade network linked with China and Kilwa• Gold, Ivory and Cattle were all believed to

have been exported from Great Zimbabwe• Pottery, currency (from Arabia), glass beads all

excavated suggesting these goods were imported

Timbuktu

• Linked West Africa with Berbers, Arab and Jewish traders

• Knowledge• On Niger River• Salt, Gold exported• Extremely Wealthy• Important Religious/Education site

Viking Trade

• Traded in Constantinople silks and spices for slaves (usually Russian), Amber (from Baltic’s), furs, skins and walrus tusk ivory (from Iceland/Greenland/Norway etc.)

• Founded Scandinavian trading cities of Birka, Ribe, Hedeby, and Skiringskal

• Used Kiev (Ukraine) to open Russian and Byzantine trading goods to Western Europe

• Stimulated large economic growth

Mediterranean Sea

• Provided a way of trade, Colonization and war• Connected Ancient Greeks, Roman, Egyptians,

Carthaginians and more• Later connected to Indian Ocean• Allowed for cultural exchange• Critical to development of Nations

Berenike

• eastern side of Egypt • ideal position • India shipped goods here • Redistributed amongst people (particularly

Romans around 100 BCE)

Dates Of Major Trading Centers

• c. 200 BCE – 1300 CE Silk Road routes forming• c. 750 – 1258 CE Islamic Abbasid Dynasty• c. 1000 CE Crusaders acquire goods from

middle East, become involved in world trade• c. 790 – 1070 CE Vikings become international

traders, opening Russia to west trading

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