Trade - Hrvatski saborknjiznica.sabor.hr/pdf/E_publikacije/DG_trade.pdf · This Trade Statistical...

DG TradeStatistical

Pocket Guide

Trade

DG

Tra

de S

tati

stic

al P

ock

et

Guid

e

NG-AA-13-001-EN

-C

This Trade Statistical Pocket

Guide contains selected tables

and graphs that outline the

current state of and recent

developments in the European

Union’s (EU’s) foreign trade,

i.e. its trade with the rest

of the world. It has been

compiled for the benefi t of the

Directorate-General for Trade’s

(DG Trade’s) policymakers.

Trade

doi:10.2781/53701

European CommissionTrade Statistical - Pocket GuideLuxembourg: Publications Offi ce of the European Union2013 — 90 pp. — 14,8 x 21 cmISBN 978-92-79-27057-4doi 10.2781/53701

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

DG TradeChief Economist UnitStatistics SectorCHARB-1049 Brussels Belgium

E-mail: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

EUROPEAN COMMISSION

Directorate-General Trade2013

DG TradeStatistical

Pocket Guide

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Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2013

ISBN 978-92-79-27057-4

doi 10.2781/53701

© European Union, 2013

Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged.

Printed in Belgium

PRINTED ON ELEMENTAL CHLORINE-FREE BLEACHED PAPER (ECF)

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5

This Trade Statistical Pocket Guide contains selected tables and

graphs that outline the current state of and recent developments in

the European Union’s (EU’s) foreign trade, i.e. its trade with the rest

of the world. It has been compiled for the benefit of the Directorate-

General for Trade’s (DG Trade’s) policymakers.

Statistics on trade in goods, trade in services and foreign direct

investment are key elements in any description of the trade

performance of the EU with the rest of the world. These have

been published by the statistical office of the EU (Eurostat) and by

international organisations such as the World Bank, the International

Monetary Fund (IMF), the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade

Organization (WTO). The most recently available statistics have been

included but databases are updated daily and small discrepancies

are inevitable.

The statistics are presented in the form of tables and graphs, broken

down by the main trading partners, product category and year.

Additional supportive statistics such as gross domestic product (GDP),

exchange rates, and trade by Member State have also been added.

Further information about this booklet, its contents and the

methodology used can be obtained from DG Trade’s Statistics desk

([email protected]).

Brussels, May 2013

Introduction

mailto:[email protected]

6 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ INTRODUCTION AND GLOSSARY

7

BALANCE OF PAYMENTS �BOP�

The BoP is a statistical statement that systematically summarises,

over a given period of time, all the transactions of an economy with

the rest of the world. The BoP records all economic transactions

undertaken between residents and non-residents of a country

during a given period.

The BoP is broken down into three broad sub-balances.

Current account

This shows the flow of goods, services, income and current

transfers between resident and non-resident units.

Capital account

This covers all transactions involving:

(a) the receipt or payment of capital transfers (debt forgiveness,

migrant’s transfers, transfers of ownership of fixed assets,

transfers linked to, or conditional on, the acquisition or

disposal of fixed assets, etc.);

(b) the acquisition/disposal of non-produced, non-financial assets,

which includes transactions associated with tangible assets

(e.g. land and subsoil assets) and transactions associated

with intangible assets (e.g. patents, copyrights, trademarks,

franchises, etc.).

Financial account

This covers all transactions associated with changes of ownership

in the foreign financial assets and liabilities of an economy.

Glossary


COMMERCIAL SERVICES

Services are one of the categories of the current account. The main

breakdown of services includes three categories: transportation,

travel and other services.

Commercial services include all services with the exclusion of

government services, not included elsewhere (n.i.e.), covering

government transactions (and those of international organisations).

EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATES

The real effective series ‘measures’ the change in competitiveness

of a country, by taking into account the change in costs or prices

relative to other countries. A rise in the index indicates a loss of

competitiveness. The two main types of rates are explained below.

Nominal effective exchange rate (NEER)

The NEER (or, equivalently, the trade-weighted currency index) of

a country (or currency area) tracks changes in the value of that

country’s currency relative to the currencies of its principal trading

partners. It is calculated as a weighted geometric average of the

bilateral exchange rates against the currencies of competing

countries.

Real effective exchange rate (REER)

Changes in cost and price competitiveness depend not only

on exchange rate movements, but also on cost and price

trends. The REER (or, equivalently, the relative price and cost

indicators) aims to assess a country’s (or currency area’s) price

or cost competitiveness relative to its principal competitors in

international markets. It corresponds to the NEER deflated by

nominal unit labour costs (total economy) and consumer prices

(the consumer price index (CPI) and the Harmonised Index of

Consumer Prices (HICP)).

The trade-weighted baskets of competitor countries used is the

broad group (41) = EU-27 + 14 other industrial countries (Australia,

9

Brazil, Canada, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand,

Norway, Russia, South Korea, Switzerland, Turkey and the United

States).

For the broad group (41), only HICP/CPI–deflated real effective

exchange rates are available.

FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT �FDI�

FDI is the category of international investment made by an entity

resident in one economy (direct investor) to acquire a lasting interest

in an enterprise operating in another economy (direct investment

enterprise). The lasting interest is deemed to exist if the direct

investor acquires at least 10 % of the voting power of the direct

investment enterprise.

Two main indicators are used:

1) FDI flows denote the new investment made during the period;

2) FDI stocks (or positions) denote the value of the investment

at the end of the period.

For both of these, FDI statistics record separately:

1) the inward FDI (or FDI in the reporting economy), namely

investment by foreigners in enterprises resident in the

reporting economy;

2) the outward FDI (or FDI abroad), namely investment by

resident entities in affiliated enterprises abroad.

GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT �GDP�

As an aggregate measure of production, the GDP of a country

is equal to the sum of the gross values added of all resident

institutional units engaged in production (plus any taxes, and minus

any subsidies, on products not included in the value of their outputs).


PURCHASING POWER PARITY �PPP�

A PPP is a price relative, which measures the number of units of

country B’s currency that are needed in country B to purchase the

same quantity of an individual good or service, as one unit of country

A’s currency will purchase in country A.

PPPs are therefore the rates of currency conversion that equalise the

purchasing power of different currencies by eliminating the differences

in price levels between countries.

TRADE IN GOODS: CLASSIFICATION SYSTEMS

Harmonized System (HS)

The Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System, more

briefly known as the HS, is a multipurpose international product

nomenclature developed by the World Customs Organization

(WCO).

The HS is organised into 21 sections and 96 chapters. It comprises

around 5 000 commodity groups, each identified by a 6-digit code.

Standard International Trade Classification (SITC)

The SITC is a product classification of the UN used for external

trade statistics (export and import values and volumes of goods).

It is designed to provide the commodity aggregates for purposes

of economic analysis and to facilitate international comparisons

of trade-by-commodity data. It is divided into 10 basic sections.

TRADE IN GOODS: STATISTICAL REGIME

Merchandise trade statistics included in this booklet are based on the

general trade system (also known as ‘Statistical regime 4’ or ‘Total

trade’). In this system, the recorded aggregates include all goods

entering or leaving the economic territory of a country with the

exception of simple transit trade. In particular, all goods received into

customs warehouses are recorded as imports, regardless of whether

they subsequently go into free circulation in the Member State of

receipt. Similarly, outgoing goods from customs warehouses are

11

included in the general trade aggregates, at the time they leave the

Member State.

This general system is the result of three other regimes, presented

below.

Normal trade

goods are exported defi nitively, or imported and released into free

circulation in the EU customs territory.

Trade under inward processing procedures

goods are imported temporarily (with an exemption from duties,

levies or other checks) so that they can be further processed

(assembled or transformed), and then all the resulting processed

products are exported outside EU.

Trade under outward processing procedures

intermediate goods are temporarily exported for further

processing in a non-EU country, and the processed products are

re-imported into the EU (with a full or partial exemption from

custom duties and levies).

TRADE IN GOODS:

INTRA�EU AND EXTRA�EU TRADE FLOWS

Outward fl ows from a Member State to a non-member country (extra-

EU) are called ‘exports’; outward fl ows from one Member State to

another (intra-EU) are called ‘dispatches’. Inward fl ows into a Member

State from a non-member country are called ‘imports’. Inward fl ows

into a Member State from another Member State are called ‘arrivals’.

SECTION 1WORLD TRADE

14 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 1 _ WORLD TRADE

Global exports of goods (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World* 7,411.4 8,442.2 9,656.7 10,227.7

Argentina 27.8 32.4 37.1 40.7

Australia 69.6 85.3 98.3 103.1

Brazil 77.7 95.3 109.8 117.2

Canada 254.7 289.7 309.2 307.0

China 477.0 612.5 771.7 890.5

India 61.6 80.1 97.0 109.6

Indonesia 56.9 69.9 82.5 86.1

Japan 454.8 478.2 515.1 521.2

Mexico 151.1 172.2 199.1 198.3

Russia 147.3 196.0 241.8 258.6

Saudi Arabia 101.3 145.3 168.3 170.3

South Africa 37.1 41.5 46.3 50.9

South Korea 204.1 228.6 259.2 271.1

Turkey 50.8 59.1 68.1 78.3

United States 655.1 724.3 817.1 837.8

EU-27 ** 953.0 1,057.6 1,161.9 1,242.9

France 123.7 136.0 136.2 140.7

Germany 259.2 278.8 321.2 340.2

Italy 108.5 116.3 128.9 142.6

United Kingdom 115.1 136.4 134.2 136.0

*Coverage: Hong Kong, China’s re-exports are included ** For EU-27 and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27)

Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), WTO

15

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

10,983.1 8,994.1 11,532.8 13,140.1 14,261.4

47.6 39.9 51.4 60.3 63.2

127.3 110.6 160.4 194.2 199.9

134.6 109.7 152.3 183.9 181.6

310.4 226.6 292.3 324.8 354.0

972.7 861.5 1,190.1 1,363.8 1,594.7

132.5 118.2 170.7 217.6 228.2

94.9 85.8 119.2 144.2 146.4

531.3 416.3 580.7 591.4 621.5

198.0 164.7 225.0 251.1 288.7

320.6 217.5 302.2 375.0 411.9

213.1 137.9 189.4 262.0 300.4

54.9 44.2 61.0 70.4 67.9

286.9 260.6 351.8 398.9 426.4

89.8 73.2 85.9 96.9 118.7

875.3 757.1 964.2 1,063.5 1,204.3

1,317.5 1,099.2 1,356.6 1,559.3 1,686.8

151.4 130.6 154.5 167.5 181.9

360.6 302.3 378.7 431.2 469.5

151.8 123.7 144.0 165.2 180.5

142.8 114.6 148.3 178.9 183.1


Global imports of goods (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World* 7,691.9 8,734.0 9,922.7 10,452.4

Argentina 18.0 23.1 27.2 32.6

Australia 87.9 100.7 110.9 120.6

Brazil 53.4 62.4 76.3 92.4

Canada 225.0 259.2 285.9 284.7

China 451.2 530.5 630.3 697.6

India 80.2 114.8 142.1 167.4

Indonesia 44.1 60.9 64.2 67.9

Japan 365.4 414.7 461.2 454.0

Mexico 162.6 183.5 209.8 211.8

Russia 78.3 100.8 130.8 163.1

Saudi Arabia 38.1 47.8 55.6 65.8

South Africa 43.0 50.1 62.7 64.5

South Korea 180.5 210.0 246.4 260.4

Turkey 78.4 93.9 111.2 124.1

United States 1,226.5 1,392.7 1,527.6 1,474.2

EU-27 ** 1,027.5 1,183.2 1,363.9 1,445.0

France 115.0 131.5 133.0 140.3

Germany 197.7 221.9 262.0 272.5

Italy 108.1 125.4 149.6 157.9

United Kingdom 166.3 183.7 213.6 215.7

*Coverage: Hong Kong, China’s re-exports are included ** For EU-27 and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27)Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), WTO

17

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

11,263.3 9,159.7 11,695.0 13,280.9 14,451.3

39.1 27.8 42.6 53.1 53.3

136.2 118.6 152.1 175.1 203.1

124.0 95.8 144.5 170.2 181.6

284.9 236.5 303.8 332.9 369.6

770.0 721.2 1,053.2 1,252.5 1,415.1

218.3 184.4 264.2 333.7 380.9

86.7 67.2 102.1 126.6 148.1

518.4 395.7 523.5 614.5 689.5

216.4 173.2 234.0 259.4 296.1

198.4 137.5 187.5 232.6 261.1

78.3 68.5 80.6 94.6 112.2

69.1 53.1 71.1 87.4 95.5

295.9 231.6 320.7 376.7 404.4

137.3 101.0 140.0 173.0 184.1

1,475.0 1,150.9 1,485.4 1,627.8 1,817.7

1,582.9 1,233.1 1,530.5 1,724.2 1,791.7

155.1 123.8 145.5 169.0 172.1

293.0 235.2 292.7 329.7 331.5

173.3 126.7 166.0 185.7 178.4

217.6 188.3 227.1 248.7 280.0


Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 1,807.1 2,019.7 2,263.3 2,495.7

Argentina 4.2 5.2 6.3 7.5

Australia 22.4 24.4 25.8 29.0

Brazil 9.3 11.9 14.3 16.5

Canada 39.4 43.7 46.9 46.5

China 51.9 59.4 72.8 88.8

India 30.5 b 42.0 b 55.3 63.2

Indonesia 9.4 b 10.1 8.8 8.8

Japan 76.3 86.8 91.7 b 92.6

Mexico 10.9 12.6 12.6 12.5

Russia 16.5 19.9 24.6 28.4

Saudi Arabia 4.7 9.0 b 11.1 11.5

South Africa 7.7 8.9 9.5 9.8

South Korea 34.7 38.8 44.1 52.1

Turkey 18.3 21.3 20.1 20.9

United States 268.1 292.4 322.6 346.3

EU-27 * 357.8 397.6 444.1 497.7

France 41.0 44.4 47.1 50.9

Germany 51.1 60.1 66.6 74.1

Italy 23.8 26.2 29.5 29.1

United Kingdom 92.4 95.6 110.3 123.6

Global exports of commercial services (billion EUR)

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e Coverage of Australia, Canada, India, Russia and Saudi Arabia: Starting from 2009, data adjusted according to BPM5 methodology.* For EU and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU (World excluding Intra EU-27)

19

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2,615.2 2,507.4 2,899.1 3,073.3 3,383.3

8.2 7.8 9.7 10.1 11.2 e

30.3 28.9 35.0 36.6 41.0 e

19.6 18.8 22.9 26.2 29.7 e

45.4 45.6 54.3 56.2 60.3

99.6 92.1 e 121.6 e 130.8 e 147.9 e

72.6 66.1 93.2 98.5 114.9 e

10.0 9.0 12.2 14.3 17.4 e

99.6 90.2 104.6 102.4 108.8 e

11.9 10.6 11.4 11.0 12.5 e

34.4 29.4 33.5 38.2 45.4 e

6.2 b 6.8 7.8 8.0 7.9 e

8.4 8.4 10.3 10.4 11.5 e

60.8 52.0 65.1 67.4 84.9 e

23.6 24.1 26.0 27.6 32.8 e

355.1 354.9 407.0 422.9 477.7 e

517.7 504.7 559.4 596.8 640.9 e

54.1 68.4 67.7 75.3 :

81.0 77.9 87.2 90.5 :

32.3 28.7 31.4 33.7 :

114.6 111.9 123.8 128.3 :

(b) Break in data continuity. Data beginning with the highlighted year do not form a consistent series with those from earlier years. (e) WTO estimate. (:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det), WTO


Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 1,725.0 1,916.0 2,118.2 2,315.8

Argentina 5.1 5.9 6.6 7.7

Australia 22.0 24.0 25.2 28.6

Brazil 13.0 18.0 21.6 25.3

Canada 46.6 52.2 57.2 59.6

China 58.0 67.0 79.9 94.3

India 28.4 b 37.6 b 46.4 51.4

Indonesia 16.6 b 17.6 16.9 17.6

Japan 104.8 106.6 106.6 b 108.4

Mexico 15.1 16.3 17.2 16.4

Russia 25.9 30.4 34.8 41.4

Saudi Arabia 8.9 15.8 b 23.5 33.5

South Africa 8.1 9.5 11.1 11.8

South Korea 40.2 47.4 55.2 61.3

Turkey 7.4 8.3 8.6 10.6

United States 205.3 219.9 245.6 247.3

EU-27 * 315.8 345.8 374.6 411.9

France 38.2 40.5 42.3 43.9

Germany 64.3 72.1 75.9 80.5

Italy 23.3 25.6 28.8 32.0

United Kingdom 54.2 59.2 64.0 68.1

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e Coverage of Australia, Canada, Russia and Saudi Arabia: Starting from 2009, data adjusted according to BPM5 methodology.* For EU and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU (World excluding Intra EU-27)

Global imports of commercial services (billion EUR)

21

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2,470.2 2,357.0 2,723.2 2,891.5 3,195.6

8.9 8.5 10.4 11.6 13.7 e

32.4 29.6 37.9 42.7 50.9 e

30.2 31.6 45.1 52.4 60.5 e

59.6 58.0 71.8 75.0 81.8

107.4 113.3 e 145.0 e 170.3 e 218.7 e

59.7 57.1 87.8 88.9 97.4 e

19.0 16.2 19.3 22.9 26.8 e

113.8 105.3 117.4 119.1 135.1 e

16.3 15.0 16.5 18.0 19.6 e

50.1 42.4 54.0 63.1 79.5 e

33.7 b 33.7 38.5 39.5 38.3 e

11.2 10.3 13.6 13.8 13.3 e

64.9 57.0 71.6 70.6 81.8 e

11.4 11.1 13.7 14.0 14.6 e

254.2 251.4 279.0 283.7 315.9 e

446.8 422.0 456.4 476.8 497.7 e

45.4 52.9 54.7 58.5 :

84.7 76.6 87.2 92.2 :

37.3 31.4 32.5 32.9 :

65.9 59.0 62.3 62.7 :

(b) Break in data continuity. Data beginning with the highlighted year do not form a consistent series with those from earlier years. (e) WTO estimate.

(:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det), WTO


Trade in goods and commercial services (% of GDP)

Countr

y2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

12

01

2W

orl

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4.9

57

.56

0.8

62

.66

5.5

55

.46

0.3

64

.26

3.2

Arg

enti

na

45

.24

5.7

45

.64

6.6

47

.03

8.3

41

.24

2.3

38

.3 e

Aust

ralia

38

.33

9.9

42

.04

0.8

45

.64

0.4

41

.04

1.9

41

.2 e

Bra

zil

28

.82

6.5

25

.62

5.2

27

.52

2.0

22

.62

4.2

24

.3 e

Canada

69

.16

8.9

67

.06

5.6

66

.85

7.7

59

.26

1.7

61

.2Chin

a6

6.8

70

.07

2.0

69

.56

3.4

50

.0 e

56

.1 e

55

.5 e

52

.7 e

India

36

.24

2.3

47

.04

6.2

55

.74

7.2

50

.65

5.9

57

.8 e

Indonesi

a6

1.5

69

.05

9.4

57

.26

0.7

46

.24

7.2

50

.74

9.6

eJa

pan

26

.72

9.6

33

.93

7.0

38

.32

7.9

32

.03

3.7

33

.5 e

Mexi

co5

5.6

56

.45

7.9

58

.15

9.5

57

.46

2.4

64

.86

7.3

eRuss

ia5

6.4

56

.55

4.8

51

.85

3.4

48

.75

0.2

52

.05

0.7

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rabia

73

.58

2.5

86

.19

2.6

93

.78

0.2

79

.68

4.0

81

.0 e

South

Afr

ica

54

.45

5.4

62

.36

5.7

77

.35

6.7

56

.96

3.0

63

.0 e

South

Kore

a7

9.1

77

.37

9.8

84

.21

11

.91

00

.51

05

.71

13

.91

10

.9 e

Turk

ey

49

.14

7.0

49

.34

9.4

52

.84

7.6

48

.15

6.0

56

.6 e

Unit

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tate

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4.7

25

.92

7.3

28

.43

0.5

25

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8.7

31

.43

1.3

e

EU

-27

*2

5.0

26

.92

8.6

29

.03

1.0

27

.83

1.8

34

.53

5.8

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nce

19

.22

0.5

19

.91

9.9

21

.02

0.0

21

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3.6

:G

erm

any

26

.12

8.4

31

.43

1.6

33

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9.2

33

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6.4

:It

aly

18

.92

0.4

22

.62

3.3

25

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0.5

24

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6.5

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24

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5.7

26

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6.3

29

.83

0.1

32

.83

5.4

:

Commercial services = services excluding Government services n.i.e.Ratio = (Imports + Exports) / GDP*100 * For EU-27 and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27) (e) estimate(:) not availableSources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4); Eurostat (NewCronos:

bop_its_det), WTO, IMF (World Economic Outlook, April 2013)

23

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

Bra

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Chin

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*In

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Japan

Russ

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Trade in goods & commercial services in selected countries (% of GDP)

Commercial services = services excluding Government services n.i.e.Ratio = (Imports + Exports) / GDPSources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4); Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det), WTO, IMF (World Economic Outlook, April 2013)


Share in World Trade in goods and commercial services (%)

Countr

y2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

1W

orl

d1

00

.01

00

.01

00

.01

00

.01

00

.01

00

.01

00

.01

00

.0A

rgenti

na

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

0.5

Aust

ralia

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.7

1.7

1.8

Bra

zil

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.5

1.5

1.6

1.7

Canada

4.2

4.1

3.9

3.7

3.4

3.3

3.2

3.1

Chin

a7

.68

.18

.79

.49

.41

0.3

e1

1.2

e1

1.5

eIn

dia

1.5

1.8

1.9

2.1

2.3

2.4

2.7

2.9

Indonesi

a0

.91

.01

.01

.01

.01

.01

.11

.2Ja

pan

7.4

6.9

6.6

6.2

6.1

5.8

5.9

5.6

Mexi

co2

.52

.52

.52

.32

.12

.12

.22

.1Russ

ia2

.02

.22

.42

.62

.92

.52

.62

.8Saudi A

rabia

1.1

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.6

1.4

1.4

1.6

South

Afr

ica

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

0.7

South

Kore

a3

.43

.33

.43

.43

.43

.53

.63

.6Tu

rkey

1.1

1.2

1.2

1.2

1.3

1.2

1.2

1.2

Unit

ed S

tate

s1

7.3

16

.81

6.3

15

.31

4.3

14

.41

3.9

13

.4

EU

-27

*1

9.5

19

.01

8.7

19

.01

8.7

18

.71

7.4

17

.2Fra

nce

2.3

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.0

2.2

1.9

1.9

Germ

any

4.2

4.0

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

3.8

3.7

Italy

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.9

1.8

1.7

1.6

Unit

ed K

ingdom

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.6

2.7

2.5

2.4

Commercial services = services excluding Government services n.i.e. Shares in World trade excluding Intra-EU trade* For EU-27 and 4 EU Member States: trade with Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27) (e) estimateSources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4); Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det), WTO

25

Share in World Trade in Goods & Commercial services in selected countries

(% of World Trade excluding Intra EU trade)

Commercial services = services excluding Government services n.i.e.Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4); Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det), WTO

05

10

15

20

25

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Bra

zil

Chin

aEU

-27

*In

dia

Japan

Russ

iaU

nit

ed S

tate

s


Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

Argentina 1.8 2.6 3.4 2.6

Australia -6.1 -5.7 -5.3 -6.2

Brazil 1.8 1.6 1.3 0.1

Canada 2.3 1.9 1.4 0.8

China 3.6 5.9 8.5 10.1

India 0.1 -1.3 -1.0 -0.7

Indonesia 2.0 0.6 2.7 1.6

Japan 3.7 3.6 3.9 4.9

Mexico -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3

Russia 10.1 11.1 9.5 5.9

Saudi Arabia 20.1 27.4 26.3 22.4

South Africa -3.0 -3.5 -5.3 -7.0

South Korea 4.5 2.2 1.5 2.1

Turkey -3.7 -4.6 -6.1 -5.9

United States -5.3 -5.9 -6.0 -5.1

EU-27 * 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.4

France 0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -1.0

Germany 4.7 5.1 6.3 7.5

Italy -0.3 -0.9 -1.5 -1.3

United Kingdom -2.1 -2.1 -2.9 -2.3

Current account balance (% of GDP)

* EU-27, France, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom: current account with the World (incl. EU)(e) estimateSource: IMF (World Economic Outlook, April 2013)

27

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

1.8 2.5 0.6 -0.4 0.1

-4.5 -4.2 -3.0 -2.3 -3.7

-1.7 -1.5 -2.2 -2.1 -2.3

0.1 -3.0 -3.6 -3.0 -3.7

9.3 4.9 4.0 2.8 2.6

-2.4 -2.1 -3.2 -3.4 -5.1 e

0.1 2.0 0.7 0.2 -2.8

3.3 2.9 3.7 2.0 1.0

-1.7 -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -0.8

6.2 4.1 4.6 5.2 4.0

25.5 4.9 12.7 23.7 24.4 e

-7.2 -4.0 -2.8 -3.4 -6.3 e

0.3 3.9 2.9 2.3 3.7 e

-5.7 -2.2 -6.2 -9.7 -5.9 e

-4.7 -2.7 -3.0 -3.1 -3.0 e

-0.9 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.0

-1.7 -1.3 -1.6 -2.0 -2.4

6.2 6.0 6.2 6.2 7.0

-2.9 -2.0 -3.5 -3.1 -0.5

-1.0 -1.3 -2.5 -1.3 -3.5

SECTION 2FOREIGN DIRECT

INVESTMENTS (FDIs)

30 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 2 _ FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS (FDIs)30 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 2 _ FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS (FDIs)

FDI inflows (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 598.4 788.3 1,165.5 1,441.5

Argentina 3.3 4.2 4.4 4.7

Australia 34.1 -19.5 24.7 33.2

Brazil 14.6 12.1 15.0 25.2

Canada -0.4 20.7 48.0 83.7

China 48.7 58.2 57.9 60.9

India 4.6 6.1 16.2 18.6

Indonesia 1.5 6.7 3.9 5.1

Japan 6.3 2.2 -5.2 16.5

Mexico 20.0 19.6 16.0 23.0

Russia 12.4 10.4 23.7 40.2

Saudi Arabia 1.6 9.7 13.7 16.7

South Africa 0.6 5.3 -0.4 4.2

South Korea 7.2 5.7 3.9 1.9

Turkey 2.2 8.1 16.1 16.1

United States 109.2 84.2 188.9 157.6

EU-27 * 58.3 129.7 231.2 432.1

France 1.6 13.5 16.1 15.1

Germany -4.8 4.7 24.3 12.3

Italy : 1.9 2.9 1.5

United Kingdom : 37.7 54.5 78.6

* For EU and 4 EU Member States: FDI inflows from Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27)(:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_fdi_main), UNCTAD

31

2008 2009 2010 2011

1,217.5 858.8 987.4 1,095.1

6.6 2.9 5.3 5.2

32.1 19.0 26.8 29.7

30.6 18.6 36.6 47.9

38.9 15.3 17.7 29.4

73.6 68.1 86.5 89.1

29.5 25.5 18.2 22.7

6.3 3.5 10.4 13.6

16.6 8.6 -0.9 -1.3

18.5 11.6 15.6 14.0

51.0 26.2 32.7 38.0

25.9 23.0 21.2 11.8

6.1 3.8 0.9 4.2

5.7 5.4 6.4 3.3

13.3 6.0 6.8 11.4

208.3 103.0 149.3 163.0

182.0 275.2 213.7 241.7

12.8 8.4 4.5 12.3

-1.2 3.8 13.5 10.5

7.4 0.4 7.5 2.3

31.1 26.1 45.1 15.8


FDI outflows (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 744.2 714.2 1,127.0 1,603.8

Argentina 0.5 1.1 1.9 1.1

Australia 8.6 -25.0 20.2 12.3

Brazil 7.9 2.0 22.5 5.2

Canada 34.8 22.1 36.8 42.1

China 4.4 9.9 16.9 16.4

India 1.7 2.4 11.4 14.3

Indonesia 2.7 2.5 2.2 3.4

Japan 24.9 36.8 40.0 53.7

Mexico 3.6 5.2 4.6 6.0

Russia 11.1 10.3 18.4 33.5

Saudi Arabia 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1

South Africa 1.1 0.7 4.8 2.2

South Korea 4.5 5.1 8.9 14.4

Turkey 0.6 0.9 0.7 1.5

United States 237.1 12.4 178.6 287.1

EU-27 * 142.3 239.9 317.7 564.2

France 5.3 27.3 41.5 26.9

Germany 6.4 17.2 36.0 46.8

Italy : 6.1 15.0 0.3

United Kingdom : 45.5 62.9 130.5

* For EU and 4 EU Member States: FDI outflows to Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27) (:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_fdi_main), UNCTAD

33

2008 2009 2010 2011

1,339.0 842.5 1,094.8 1,217.2

0.9 0.5 0.7 1.1

22.9 12.0 9.6 14.4

13.9 -7.2 8.7 -0.7

54.3 29.9 29.1 35.6

35.5 40.5 51.9 46.8

13.1 11.4 9.9 10.6

4.0 1.6 2.0 5.6

87.0 53.6 42.4 82.2

0.8 5.0 10.2 6.4

37.8 31.3 39.6 48.3

2.4 1.6 2.9 2.5

-2.1 0.8 -0.1 -0.5

13.8 12.3 17.6 14.6

1.7 1.1 1.1 1.8

209.6 191.4 229.6 285.0

381.2 333.8 308.8 365.1

42.4 17.3 18.6 28.2

4.1 15.2 41.0 33.6

14.9 4.4 17.0 14.9

65.3 36.1 18.3 59.7


FDI inward stocks (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 8,924.1 9,294.3 11,389.3 13,061.7

Argentina 42.2 44.3 48.0 49.3

Australia 229.1 194.7 236.2 281.8

Brazil 129.6 145.8 175.7 226.0

Canada 253.4 274.6 298.8 378.3

China 197.3 218.7 233.0 238.7

India 30.6 34.7 56.4 77.2

Indonesia 12.7 33.1 43.4 58.3

Japan 78.0 81.1 85.7 96.9

Mexico 70.6 84.3 92.2 89.0

Russia 146.0 182.1 204.4 211.7

Saudi Arabia 98.3 144.9 211.7 358.3

South Africa 16.4 27.0 40.3 53.6

South Korea 51.8 63.5 69.9 80.6

Turkey 31.0 57.3 75.8 112.5

United States 2,184.6 2,265.1 2,622.7 2,591.2

EU-27 * 1,611.7 1,835.1 2,022.7 2,415.4

France 130.9 139.1 151.7 168.7

Germany** 150.3 : : 178.3

Italy 45.1 48.8 52.2 20.5

United Kingdom : 355.8 417.6 424.7

* For EU and 4 EU Member States: FDI inward stocks from Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27) **2006 data is confidential(:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_fdi_main), UNCTAD

35

2008 2009 2010 2011

10,505.4 12,934.5 15,016.0 14,682.6

52.4 57.3 66.0 68.4

208.2 307.3 375.1 359.0

195.6 287.4 509.0 481.1

305.7 392.4 441.0 427.4

257.1 339.2 443.4 511.4

85.1 122.8 154.4 144.9

49.1 78.0 116.3 124.3

138.3 143.5 162.1 162.2

64.4 84.4 95.8 94.6

157.0 199.2 249.0 217.2

146.7 271.6 370.0 328.6

74.9 102.0 128.6 134.2

46.2 84.2 115.5 93.3

54.6 103.1 140.3 100.8

1,690.5 2,147.6 2,562.7 2,521.1

2,496.0 2,783.3 3,142.8 3,806.8

174.4 179.7 184.7 195.6

170.3 166.8 174.3 185.1

27.9 35.3 27.2 23.1

341.0 358.7 432.0 479.9


FDI outward stocks (billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 9,401.8 10,019.2 12,501.8 14,062.5

Argentina 17.5 18.8 20.6 20.1

Australia 184.3 167.9 212.6 247.8

Brazil 55.6 63.7 90.7 102.1

Canada 299.6 312.1 354.6 380.5

China 36.0 46.0 58.4 69.9

India 6.2 7.8 21.5 32.2

Indonesia : : 0.8 2.3

Japan 297.9 310.7 358.0 395.9

Mexico 41.3 51.6 57.3 62.3

Russia 86.3 117.9 172.4 270.1

Saudi Arabia 6.4 6.1 13.7 12.4

South Africa 31.4 30.3 40.5 48.1

South Korea 25.9 31.1 39.2 54.6

Turkey 5.7 6.7 7.1 8.9

United States 2,703.4 2,924.2 3,560.3 3,849.0

EU-27 * 2,023.6 2,426.2 2,746.0 3,201.2

France 244.7 295.7 303.2 328.2

Germany 229.6 : 295.1 314.2

Italy 50.6 60.3 75.8 49.5

United Kingdom : 520.1 635.4 687.6

* For EU and 4 EU Member States: FDI outward stocks to Extra EU-27 (World excluding Intra EU-27)(:) not availableSources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_fdi_main), UNCTAD

37

2008 2009 2010 2011

11,111.5 13,855.6 15,738.7 15,207.2

19.6 21.1 22.5 22.5

163.7 246.5 304.2 276.9

105.8 118.0 142.3 145.5

356.4 431.4 482.3 481.6

100.6 164.6 225.1 262.9

43.1 58.0 72.7 79.9

1.9 0.0 1.3 6.8

462.6 531.2 626.9 691.7

45.4 58.2 78.7 80.5

139.8 219.8 276.3 260.1

13.9 16.2 20.0 21.5

34.0 52.0 67.5 51.9

66.6 86.3 104.8 114.5

12.1 16.0 16.3 17.3

2,109.3 3,073.7 3,595.6 3,232.7

3,322.0 3,751.0 4,247.0 4,983.5

351.8 378.9 436.9 465.0

302.1 295.2 338.0 411.5

70.8 76.3 91.3 107.2

588.0 567.2 588.3 678.4

SECTION 3EU TRADE

40 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 3 _ EU TRADE

EU-27 merchandise trade with extra EU-27 by sector (billion EUR, %)

exports

Value 2012

Share in total 2012

Variation 2012/2011

Annual average growth

rate 2012/ 2004

TOTAL 1,686.8 100.0 8.2 7.4

SITC Rev.3

SITC 0 Food and live animals

70.7 4.2 10.5 9.7

SITC 1 Beverages and tobacco

28.9 1.7 15.1 8.7

SITC 2

Crude materials, inedible, except fuels

43.0 2.5 4.6 11.1

SITC 3

Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials

123.8 7.3 22.5 18.0

SITC 4 Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes

4.7 0.3 20.0 8.4

SITC 5 Chemicals and related prod, n.e.s.

276.1 16.4 7.9 7.7

SITC 6

Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material

205.0 12.2 4.1 5.5

SITC 7 Machinery and transport equipment

707.1 41.9 8.7 6.4

SITC 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles

177.0 10.5 12.3 5.9

SITC 9

Commodities and transactions n.c.e.

50.4 3.0 -20.2 10.7

AMA/NAMA

AMAAgricultural Products

114.0 6.8 11.9 9.3

NAMANon-Agricultural Products

1,572.8 93.2 7.9 7.3

41

importstrade

balance

Value 2012

Share in total 2012

Variation 2012/2011

Annual average

growth rate 2012/ 2004

2012

1,791.7 100.0 3.9 7.2 -105.0

85.3 4.8 1.1 6.1 -14.6

7.5 0.4 6.3 3.3 21.4

71.7 4.0 -7.2 6.1 -28.7

544.6 30.4 10.7 14.6 -420.8

9.2 0.5 6.8 11.4 -4.5

161.7 9.0 4.3 7.8 114.4

168.2 9.4 -9.0 4.8 36.9

451.9 25.2 1.8 3.1 255.2

218.9 12.2 1.0 5.1 -41.9

72.8 4.1 33.0 11.0 -22.4

101.5 5.7 3.3 6.4 12.4

1,690.2 94.3 4.0 7.2 -117.4

Source: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4)


Food and live

animals

4%

Beverages

and tobacco

2%

Machinery and

transport

equipment

42%

Crude

materials,

inedible,

except fuels

3%

Mineral fuels,

lubricants and

related materials

7%

Animal and vegetable oils,

fats and waxes

0%

Chemicals and

related prod, n.e.s.

16%

Manufactured

goods classified

chiefly by material

12%

Miscellaneousmanufactured

articles11%

Commodities and transactions n.c.e.3%

EU-27 merchandise exports to extra EU-27 by sector, 2012 shares (%)


43

Food and live

animals

5%

Beverages

and tobacco

1%Crude

materials,

inedible,

except fuels

4%

Mineral fuels,

lubricants and

related materials

30%

Animal and

vegetable oils,

fats and waxes

1%

Chemicals and

related prod, n.e.s.

9%

Machinery and

transport

equipment

25%

Manufactured

goods classified

chiefly by material

9%

Miscellaneousmanufactured

articles12%

Commodities and transactions n.c.e.4%

EU-27 merchandise imports from extra EU-27 by sector, 2012 shares (%)



2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 953.0 1,057.6 1,161.9

SITC Rev.3

SITC 0 Food and live animals 33.7 35.9 39.4

SITC 1 Beverages and

tobacco14.9 16.1 18.5

SITC 2 Crude materials,

inedible, except fuels18.6 21.3 26.0

SITC 3

Mineral fuels,

lubricants and related

materials

32.9 45.9 59.0

SITC 4 Animal and vegetable

oils, fats and waxes2.5 2.5 2.5

SITC 5 Chemicals and related

prod, n.e.s.152.6 164.9 184.6

SITC 6

Manufactured goods

classified chiefly by

material

134.1 147.9 164.7

SITC 7 Machinery and

transport equipment430.1 475.5 509.6

SITC 8 Miscellaneous

manufactured articles112.1 118.5 129.5

SITC 9 Commodities and

transactions n.c.e.22.4 29.3 28.3

AMA/NAMA

AMA Agricultural Products 55.8 60.3 68.4


897.1 997.2 1,093.5


EU-27 merchandise exports to extra EU-27 by sector (billion EUR)

45

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

1,242.9 1,317.5 1,099.2 1,356.6 1,559.3 1,686.8

42.6 48.9 44.7 54.8 64.0 70.7

19.5 19.4 18.0 21.4 25.1 28.9

27.8 29.0 25.2 34.6 41.1 43.0

65.9 83.3 56.7 76.2 101.1 123.8

2.4 3.0 2.6 3.0 3.9 4.7

197.9 198.8 196.4 233.8 256.0 276.1

176.6 179.8 139.9 171.5 197.0 205.0

549.8 575.0 461.7 572.5 650.4 707.1

133.6 137.3 119.9 139.7 157.7 177.0

26.8 42.8 34.0 49.1 63.1 50.4

70.3 78.1 71.3 87.2 101.8 114.0

1,172.6 1,239.4 1,027.9 1,269.4 1,457.5 1,572.8


2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 1,027.5 1,183.2 1,363.9

SITC Rev.3

SITC 0 Food and live animals 53.0 57.2 61.8

SITC 1 Beverages and tobacco

5.8 5.8 6.2

SITC 2 Crude materials, inedible, except fuels

44.6 48.4 57.8

SITC 3 Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials

183.4 272.6 339.6

SITC 4 Animal and vegetable oils, fats and waxes

3.9 4.3 5.4

SITC 5 Chemicals and related prod, n.e.s.

88.5 96.4 109.2

SITC 6 Manufactured goods classified chiefly by material

115.5 128.2 160.7

SITC 7 Machinery and transport equipment

354.5 385.7 412.5

SITC 8 Miscellaneous manufactured articles

146.8 162.5 180.9

SITC 9 Commodities and transactions n.c.e.

31.6 22.2 29.9

AMA/NAMA

AMA Agricultural Products 61.6 64.1 68.1


965.9 1,119.1 1,295.8


EU-27 merchandise imports from extra EU-27 by sector (billion EUR)

47

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

1,445.0 1,582.9 1,233.1 1,530.5 1,724.2 1,791.7

69.0 74.5 67.3 73.8 84.3 85.3

6.6 6.3 6.4 6.9 7.1 7.5

64.8 67.6 42.0 64.5 77.2 71.7

336.5 457.8 297.7 383.1 491.8 544.6

5.6 7.9 5.5 6.6 8.6 9.2

120.7 124.3 112.5 137.3 155.1 161.7

189.0 178.1 115.5 157.7 184.9 168.2

428.4 425.4 352.4 446.4 443.8 451.9

193.7 197.2 181.0 204.7 216.8 218.9

30.7 43.8 52.8 49.5 54.7 72.8

77.5 87.9 76.7 84.2 98.3 101.5

1,367.6 1,495.0 1,156.4 1,446.4 1,625.9 1,690.2


exports

Value 2011

Share in total 2011

Variation 2011/2010


rate 2011/ 2004

TOTAL 596.8 100.0 6.7 7.6

EBOPS*

Transport 135.1 22.6 2.9 5.4

Travel 86.0 14.4 12.2 4.7

Communication services

17.2 2.9 10.1 14.6

Construction services

19.2 3.2 2.8 10.4

Insurance services

18.3 3.1 -19.6 8.1

Financial services

50.9 8.5 7.3 8.1

Computer and information services

41.1 6.9 8.9 14.2

Royalties and licence fees

38.9 6.5 15.4 9.9

Other business services

182.8 30.6 8.2 8.4

Personal, cultural and recreational services

6.9 1.2 11.2 3.8

Other 0.2 0.0 -15.0 -

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e.The category “Other” refers mainly to “Services not allocated”* EBOPS: Extended Balance of Payments Services classificationSource: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

EU-27 trade of commercial services with extra EU-27 by type (billion EUR, %)

49

imports trade balance

Value 2011

Share in total 2011

Variation 2011/2010


rate 2011/ 2004

2011

476.8 100.0 4.5 6.1 120.0

114.2 24.0 3.5 5.0 20.8

91.2 19.1 1.2 2.0 -5.2

15.3 3.2 3.7 11.2 2.0

8.2 1.7 1.7 5.0 11.0

11.0 2.3 -0.5 4.2 7.3

21.7 4.6 16.0 9.1 29.2

14.6 3.1 -0.9 8.9 26.5

45.6 9.6 2.7 6.6 -6.7

135.0 28.3 8.5 8.1 47.9

5.9 1.2 -2.4 -0.9 1.1

14.0 2.9 2.3 - -13.8


Transport

23%

Communication

services

3%

Financial

services

9%

Personal, cultural

and recreational

services

1%

Computer and

information

services

7%

Royalties and

licence fees

6%

Construction

services

3%

Insurance

services

3%

Other business

services

31%

Other

0%

Travel

14%

EU-27 exports of commercial services to extra EU-27 by type, 2011 shares (%)

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e.Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

51

Other

3%

Transport

24%

Financial

services

5%

Computer and

information

services

3%

Personal, cultural

and recreational

services

1%

Communication

services

3%

Construction

services

2%

Travel

19%

Insurance

services

2%

Other business

services

28%

Royalties and

licence fees

10%

EU-27 imports of commercial services from extra EU-27 by type, 2011 shares (%)

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e.Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)


2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 357.8 397.6 444.1

EBOPS*

Transport 93.2 104.5 113.8

Travel 62.3 65.7 71.8

Communication services 6.6 7.4 8.7

Construction services 9.6 12.2 13.9

Insurance services 10.6 6.0 11.2

Financial services 29.5 35.3 42.2


16.2 17.3 22.3

Royalties and licence fees 20.2 23.6 24.3

Other business services 104.1 120.5 131.2


5.4 4.9 4.7

Other 0.0 0.1 0.0


EU-27 exports of commercial services to extra EU-27 by type (billion EUR)

53

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

497.7 517.7 504.7 559.4 596.8

123.6 135.9 109.9 131.2 135.1

75.1 74.0 69.3 76.6 86.0

10.1 12.4 12.8 15.6 17.2

16.3 17.6 19.7 18.7 19.2

14.5 13.1 22.4 22.8 18.3

53.9 50.5 43.3 47.4 50.9

26.0 30.5 32.7 37.7 41.1

27.2 27.3 29.7 33.7 38.9

144.5 150.4 159.5 168.9 182.8

4.8 4.9 5.0 6.2 6.9

1.6 1.1 0.3 0.3 0.2


EU-27 imports of commercial services from extra EU-27 by type (billion EUR)

2004 2005 2006

TOTAL 315.8 345.8 374.6

EBOPS*

Transport 81.3 89.6 99.0

Travel 79.7 84.9 87.9

Communication services 7.2 7.9 9.6

Construction services 5.9 6.1 7.1

Insurance services 8.2 8.2 7.7

Financial services 11.8 14.2 17.2


8.0 8.7 10.1

Royalties and licence fees 29.2 32.9 31.4

Other business services 78.3 86.8 95.8


6.3 6.3 7.2

Other 0.0 0.1 1.5


55

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

411.9 446.8 422.0 456.4 476.8

102.7 112.2 89.9 110.3 114.2

94.5 93.5 85.7 90.1 91.2

10.9 12.5 13.2 14.7 15.3

8.0 8.0 9.9 8.1 8.2

8.0 8.6 10.8 11.1 11.0

20.4 18.7 16.1 18.7 21.7

11.2 12.8 13.8 14.8 14.6

34.6 41.8 42.6 44.4 45.6

107.9 119.8 121.6 124.4 135.0

6.0 6.0 5.1 6.0 5.9

7.6 12.9 13.4 13.7 14.0


EU-27 trade balance in goods by partner (billion EUR)

2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

12

01

2

Ext

ra-E

U-7

4.6

-12

5.6

-20

2.1

-20

1.1

-26

3.1

-13

2.8

-17

1.0

-16

4.9

-10

5.0

Arg

enti

na

-2.6

-2.4

-2.5

-2.5

-4.5

-3.4

-1.9

-2.4

-1.4

Aust

ralia

11

.11

0.9

8.7

10

.41

2.9

12

.01

4.5

16

.21

9.4

Bra

zil

-7.6

-8.0

-9.5

-11

.5-9

.6-4

.4-1

.8-3

.22

.5

Canada

5.7

5.6

5.4

1.2

0.4

2.6

2.1

-0.5

0.8

Chin

a-8

0.3

-10

8.6

-13

1.2

-16

0.9

-16

9.5

-13

1.8

-16

9.1

-15

7.3

-14

6.0

India

0.8

2.2

1.7

2.6

1.8

2.1

1.6

0.9

1.2

Indonesi

a-5

.6-6

.1-7

.3-7

.4-7

.6-6

.5-7

.5-8

.8-5

.7

Japan

-31

.3-3

0.4

-33

.5-3

5.3

-33

.8-2

2.3

-23

.3-2

0.2

-8.3

Mexi

co7

.87

.68

.68

.88

.05

.97

.67

.18

.6

Russ

ia-3

7.9

-56

.0-6

8.7

-55

.9-7

3.5

-52

.5-7

4.6

-91

.6-9

0.0

South

Afr

ica

0.2

0.7

-0.3

-1.7

-3.8

-3.1

1.3

6.0

6.1

South

Kore

a-1

2.7

-14

.2-1

8.0

-16

.8-1

4.1

-10

.8-1

1.4

-3.7

-0.1

Turk

ey

7.4

8.5

8.3

5.7

8.5

8.2

19

.42

5.0

27

.4

Unit

ed S

tate

s7

6.1

91

.79

6.4

82

.36

5.5

48

.76

9.4

72

.38

6.1


57

EU-27 trade balance in goods with selected countries (billion EUR)

-20

0

-15

0

-10

0

-500

50

10

0

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

20

12

Bra

zil

Chin

aIn

dia

Japan

Russ

iaU

nit

ed S

tate

s



EU-27 trade balance in commercial services by partner (billion EUR)

2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

1

Ext

ra-E

U4

1.9

51

.86

9.5

85

.87

0.9

82

.61

03

.01

20

.0

Arg

enti

na

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.6

1.1

1.4

Aust

ralia

2.0

2.6

3.4

4.4

6.0

7.0

8.2

8.5

Bra

zil

0.3

0.8

0.9

2.0

3.8

3.5

3.4

4.3

Canada

1.3

1.6

2.1

2.3

2.5

4.3

4.8

5.8

Chin

a1

.72

.52

.02

.55

.04

.86

.67

.9

India

-0.5

0.2

1.5

1.3

0.7

1.7

1.7

0.5

Indonesi

a0

.10

.10

.30

.90

.70

.91

.31

.1

Japan

7.7

7.3

5.7

6.1

3.4

5.3

4.6

5.9

Mexi

co1

.10

.91

.71

.51

.31

.72

.42

.6

Russ

ia1

.22

.64

.07

.07

.57

.21

0.1

9.7

South

Afr

ica

0.4

1.0

1.2

1.9

1.8

1.8

2.1

2.6

South

Kore

a2

.32

.12

.73

.23

.12

.73

.74

.5

Turk

ey

-6.0

-6.8

-5.0

-5.3

-6.0

-4.8

-5.6

-5.3

Unit

ed S

tate

s6

.84

.28

.09

.00

.7-1

.63

.55

.5

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.eSource: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

59

EU-27 trade balance in commercial services with selected countries (billion EUR)

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e. Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

-6-4-20246810

12

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Bra

zil

Chin

aIn

dia

Japan

Russ

iaU

nit

ed S

tate

s


EU-27 trade balance in goods and commercial services by partner (billion EUR)

2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

1

Ext

ra-E

U-3

2.7

-73

.8-1

32

.6-1

15

.3-1

92

.2-5

0.2

-68

.0-4

4.9

Arg

enti

na

-2.5

-2.2

-2.3

-2.1

-4.0

-2.8

-0.8

-1.0

Aust

ralia

13

.11

3.6

12

.01

4.9

18

.91

9.0

22

.72

4.8

Bra

zil

-7.2

-7.3

-8.6

-9.5

-5.7

-0.8

1.7

1.1

Canada

7.0

7.2

7.5

3.4

2.9

6.9

6.8

5.3

Chin

a-7

8.6

-10

6.0

-12

9.3

-15

8.3

-16

4.5

-12

7.0

-16

2.5

-14

9.5

India

0.3

2.4

3.1

3.9

2.5

3.7

3.3

1.3

Indonesi

a-5

.5-6

.0-7

.0-6

.5-6

.9-5

.5-6

.2-7

.8

Japan

-23

.6-2

3.2

-27

.8-2

9.2

-30

.4-1

7.0

-18

.7-1

4.3

Mexi

co8

.98

.51

0.3

10

.29

.37

.61

0.0

9.7

Russ

ia-3

6.7

-53

.4-6

4.6

-48

.9-6

6.0

-45

.4-6

4.4

-81

.8

South

Afr

ica

0.6

1.7

1.0

0.2

-2.0

-1.3

3.5

8.6

South

Kore

a-1

0.4

-12

.1-1

5.3

-13

.6-1

1.0

-8.1

-7.8

0.8

Turk

ey

1.4

1.7

3.2

0.4

2.5

3.3

13

.71

9.6

Unit

ed S

tate

s8

2.9

95

.91

04

.49

1.3

66

.24

7.2

72

.97

7.8

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e.Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

61

EU-27 trade balance in goods and commercial services with selected countries (billion EUR)

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e. Sources: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

-20

0

-16

0

-12

0

-80

-400

40

80

12

0

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Bra

zil

Chin

aIn

dia

Japan

Russ

iaU

nit

ed S

tate

s


EU-27 goods’ export/import ratio by partner (imports=100)

2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

12

01

2

Ext

ra-E

U9

4.0

90

.38

6.3

86

.18

3.4

89

.28

8.8

90

.49

4.1

Arg

enti

na

59

.06

2.6

66

.27

0.2

57

.35

8.2

79

.87

7.9

86

.2

Aust

ralia

22

6.0

21

0.2

16

6.2

17

7.6

19

3.6

22

1.0

21

6.4

20

8.5

23

3.8

Bra

zil

65

.26

6.6

65

.16

4.9

73

.48

3.2

94

.79

1.8

10

6.8

Canada

13

4.5

13

1.4

12

6.2

10

4.8

10

1.7

11

3.7

10

8.3

98

.31

02

.5

Chin

a3

7.6

32

.33

2.7

30

.93

1.6

38

.54

0.1

46

.44

9.6

India

10

4.8

11

1.4

10

7.4

10

9.7

10

6.1

10

8.1

10

4.7

10

2.2

10

3.1

Indonesi

a4

6.2

44

.04

0.5

42

.24

3.8

44

.94

6.0

45

.56

2.7

Japan

58

.15

8.9

57

.25

5.3

55

.66

1.7

65

.37

0.8

87

.0

Mexi

co2

13

.31

82

.21

81

.31

72

.21

57

.21

57

.71

55

.21

42

.21

44

.2

Russ

ia5

4.8

50

.35

1.3

61

.55

8.8

55

.55

3.6

54

.25

7.8

South

Afr

ica

10

1.5

10

4.1

98

.69

2.4

84

.68

3.6

10

6.6

12

9.4

12

9.6

South

Kore

a5

8.5

58

.85

5.9

59

.66

4.4

66

.77

1.0

89

.99

9.7

Turk

ey

12

2.6

12

3.7

11

9.8

11

2.2

11

8.4

12

2.5

14

5.6

15

1.8

15

7.3

Unit

ed S

tate

s1

47

.81

57

.71

56

.61

46

.51

35

.91

31

.51

40

.11

37

.71

41

.8

Ratio = Exports/Imports*100 Source: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4)

63

EU-27 commercial services’ export/import ratio by partner (imports=100)

2

00

42

00

52

00

62

00

72

00

82

00

92

01

02

01

1

Ext

ra-E

U1

13

.31

15

.01

18

.61

20

.81

15

.91

19

.61

22

.61

25

.2

Arg

enti

na

10

9.3

11

5.7

11

3.7

12

4.8

12

4.9

13

3.4

15

1.5

16

3.6

Aust

ralia

13

9.0

14

5.1

15

6.6

16

6.2

19

2.2

21

9.7

22

1.0

21

7.1

Bra

zil

11

0.1

11

9.1

12

0.2

14

2.3

16

0.6

15

7.6

15

3.8

16

1.0

Canada

11

9.4

12

2.3

12

4.8

12

3.6

12

6.6

15

2.3

14

9.7

15

7.9

Chin

a1

22

.91

25

.81

15

.81

18

.11

33

.11

34

.51

38

.41

43

.1

India

88

.91

03

.51

25

.41

18

.61

08

.31

22

.11

19

.21

04

.4

Indonesi

a1

07

.81

12

.31

28

.31

76

.81

58

.01

68

.61

88

.71

60

.3

Japan

17

2.1

15

7.8

14

2.2

14

3.4

12

1.2

13

9.8

13

0.5

13

7.3

Mexi

co1

39

.91

33

.91

66

.21

44

.51

34

.71

65

.01

77

.31

83

.4

Russ

ia1

15

.61

27

.01

38

.01

60

.51

53

.71

62

.71

73

.81

68

.7

South

Afr

ica

10

9.2

12

5.3

12

8.6

14

1.6

14

1.6

14

2.1

14

4.6

15

8.3

South

Kore

a1

71

.01

54

.41

62

.61

72

.81

61

.91

71

.21

79

.92

00

.0

Turk

ey

39

.44

0.9

54

.35

6.5

53

.25

8.1

59

.46

3.7

Unit

ed S

tate

s1

06

.41

03

.61

06

.61

07

.01

00

.59

8.8

10

2.6

10

4.0

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.eRatio = Exports/Imports*100 Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)


EU-27 goods and commercial services’ export/import ratio by partner (imports=100)

2004 2005 2006

Extra-EU 98.3 95.8 93.2

Argentina 66.8 72.0 74.9

Australia 194.1 186.1 163.1

Brazil 71.2 74.1 73.1

Canada 130.1 128.7 125.8

China 42.2 37.7 37.6

India 101.6 109.8 111.0

Indonesia 51.8 50.1 48.2

Japan 72.4 73.3 69.7

Mexico 192.6 171.1 178.3

Russia 60.0 56.3 57.4

South Africa 103.0 108.1 103.9

South Korea 69.2 68.5 66.1

Turkey 103.3 103.7 106.2

United States 131.2 134.9 135.7

Commercial services = Services excluding Government services n.i.e.Ratio = Exports/Imports*100

Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

65

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

93.8 90.5 97.0 96.6 98.0

79.2 68.1 71.8 93.0 92.2

173.9 193.2 220.5 218.0 211.3

74.8 86.4 97.5 104.2 102.5

110.1 108.4 125.2 119.9 113.1

35.8 37.5 44.4 45.8 52.1

111.6 106.6 111.3 107.8 102.7

53.2 53.5 57.6 59.5 57.0

68.6 67.1 76.2 77.3 83.2

166.3 152.6 159.3 159.3 148.7

68.8 65.7 65.0 63.1 61.8

100.8 93.1 94.4 113.8 134.6

70.3 75.3 77.7 82.3 102.1

100.7 104.2 107.0 124.4 131.3

129.9 121.1 116.7 123.8 123.6


EU-27 merchandise trade with FTAs partners (billion EUR, %)

exports

PartnersValue2012

Share in EU

exports 2012

Variation 2012/2011

Variation 2012/2004

Concluded 573.2 34.0 5.4 83.3

CENTRAL AMERICA* 5.4 0.3 21.7 36.9

Chile 8.5 0.5 10.9 171.9

Colombia 5.5 0.3 11.2 186.0

EFTA* 186.2 11.0 -1.6 71.0

EUROMED* 91.6 5.4 10.0 76.5

South Korea 37.8 2.2 16.2 110.6

Mexico 27.9 1.7 16.8 89.6

Peru’ 3.5 0.2 24.4 273.7

Singapore 30.3 1.8 11.3 87.2

South Africa 26.6 1.6 0.1 65.9

Turkey 75.2 4.5 2.8 87.3

Ukraine 23.8 1.4 12.0 124.8

WESTERN BALKANS* 31.1 1.8 2.7 105.5

EPAs* 19.7 1.2 19.1 76.3

Future 590.4 35.0 10.2 48.4

Armenia 0.7 0.0 5.3 100.5

Canada 31.3 1.9 4.7 41.6

GCC* 83.5 5.0 14.6 102.2

Georgia 2.0 0.1 27.6 235.3

India 38.5 2.3 -5.2 124.3

Japan 55.5 3.3 13.2 27.8

Malaysia 14.5 0.9 21.8 65.9

MERCOSUR* 50.3 3.0 9.6 172.9

Moldova 2.0 0.1 9.5 122.7

Thailand 14.8 0.9 20.4 111.0

United States 291.9 17.3 10.6 23.9

Vietnam 5.4 0.3 3.1 137.1

* Region or group’s members:CENTRAL AMERICA includes Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama;EFTA includes Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland;EUROMED includes Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Occupied Palestinian Territories and Tunisia;Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)

includes Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and U. A. Emirates; MERCOSUR includes Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela;WESTERN BALKANS includes Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Kosovo.

67

imports

Value2012

Share in EU imports 2012

Variation 2012/2011

Variation 2012/2004

518.0 28.9 5.6 65.0

9.5 0.5 14.1 115.4

9.6 0.5 -13.1 31.0

8.6 0.5 24.1 189.3

208.7 11.7 9.3 73.8

73.1 4.1 4.9 73.5

37.9 2.1 4.7 23.4

19.4 1.1 15.2 180.4

6.3 0.4 -1.6 144.4

21.5 1.2 12.2 27.2

20.5 1.1 -0.1 29.9

47.8 2.7 -0.7 46.0

14.6 0.8 -3.4 72.5

16.2 0.9 -0.6 160.1

24.2 1.4 -2.2 44.6

505.2 28.2 2.2 41.7

0.3 0.0 -15.1 10.1

30.5 1.7 0.4 85.6

61.0 3.4 6.3 138.6

0.6 0.0 -4.9 85.7

37.3 2.1 -6.0 127.8

63.8 3.6 -7.8 -14.6

20.3 1.1 -4.6 29.5

49.2 2.7 -5.7 70.2

0.9 0.1 11.4 80.8

16.9 0.9 -4.3 30.3

205.8 11.5 7.4 29.1

18.5 1.0 43.0 249.1

“EPAs” refers to the following countries/groups:• Cameroon• CARIFORUM: Antigua

and Barbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Saint Christopher and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago;

• Eastern African Community (EAC): with Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda;

• Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA): Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Zimbabwe and Zambia;

• PACIFIC: Fiji and Papua New Guinea;

• Southern African Development Community (SADC): Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia and Swaziland;

• West Africa: Ivory Coast and Ghana;

Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4)


Partners

exports

All Statistical regimes

NormalInward

ProcessingOutward

processing

Value

Extra-EU 1,686.8 1,495.9 172.1 13.4

USA 291.9 234.9 48.8 7.1

China 143.9 118.9 24.5 0.4

Switzerland 133.3 128.4 4.5 0.4

Russia 123.3 111.5 11.6 0.1

Turkey 75.2 73.6 1.5 0.0

Japan 55.5 46.9 8.2 0.3

Norway 49.8 45.6 3.8 0.1

Brazil 39.6 36.0 3.4 0.0

India 38.5 36.3 2.0 0.1

South Korea 37.8 33.0 4.4 0.4

Partner share

Extra-EU 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

USA 17.3 15.7 28.4 52.9

China 8.5 7.9 14.3 2.9

Switzerland 7.3 7.5 6.8 0.7

Russia 7.9 8.6 2.6 2.7

Turkey 3.0 3.1 2.2 0.7

Japan 4.5 4.9 0.9 0.3

Norway 3.3 3.1 4.8 2.6

Brazil 2.3 2.4 1.2 0.8

India 2.3 2.4 2.0 0.0

South Korea 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.8

EU-27 merchandise trade by statistical regime, selected partners -2012 (billion EUR, %)

Source: Eurostat (Comext)

69

imports

PartnersAll

Statistical regimes

NormalInward

ProcessingOutward

processing

Value

Extra-EU 1,791.7 1,673.7 75.4 13.2

China 289.9 285.0 4.3 0.5

Russia 213.2 197.8 5.1 0.2

USA 205.8 173.8 26.5 5.5

Switzerland 104.5 99.7 4.4 0.3

Norway 100.4 91.4 1.4 0.1

Japan 63.8 57.5 5.0 1.2

Turkey 47.8 47.3 0.5 0.0

South Korea 37.9 35.1 2.0 0.7

India 37.3 35.9 1.1 0.3

Brazil 37.1 35.3 1.8 0.0

Partner share

Extra-EU 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

China 11.5 10.4 35.2 41.7

Russia 16.2 17.0 5.7 4.2

USA 11.9 11.8 6.8 1.2

Switzerland 5.8 6.0 5.9 2.1

Norway 5.6 5.5 1.9 0.5

Japan 2.7 2.8 0.6 0.2

Turkey 3.6 3.4 6.7 9.4

South Korea 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.1

India 2.1 2.1 2.3 0.1

Brazil 2.1 2.1 2.7 5.3


GOODS

RankLeading suppliers

ImportsShare in EU

imports

Cumulative share

All countries 1,724.2 100.0 100.0

1 China 293.7 17.0 17.0

2 Russia 199.9 11.6 28.6

3 USA 191.5 11.1 39.7

4 Norway 93.8 5.4 45.2

5 Switzerland 93.2 5.4 50.6

6 Japan 69.2 4.0 54.6

7 Turkey 48.1 2.8 57.4

8 India 39.7 2.3 59.7

9 Brazil 38.9 2.3 61.9

10 South Korea 36.2 2.1 64.0

Rank Leading clients ExportsShare in EU

exports

Cumulative share

All countries 1,559.3 100.0 100.0

1 United States 263.8 16.9 16.9

2 Switzerland 139.6 9.0 25.9

3 China 136.4 8.7 34.6

4 Russia 108.4 6.9 41.6

5 Turkey 73.1 4.7 46.3

6 Japan 49.0 3.1 49.4

7 Norway 46.7 3.0 52.4

8 India 40.6 2.6 55.0

9 Brazil 35.8 2.3 57.3

10 U. A. Emirates 33.3 2.1 59.4

EU-27 trade in goods and commercial services by leading trade partners, 2011 (billion EUR, %)

71

SERVICES

RankLeading suppliers

ImportsShare in EU

imports

Cumulative share

All countries 476.8 100.0 100.0

1 United States 138.4 29.0 29.0

2 Switzerland 54.5 11.4 40.5

3 China 18.2 3.8 44.3

4 Japan 15.9 3.3 47.6

5 Turkey 14.7 3.1 50.7

6 Russia 14.2 3.0 53.7

7 Singapore 11.5 2.4 56.1

8 Norway 11.4 2.4 58.5

9 India 10.8 2.3 60.7

10 Canada 10.0 2.1 62.8

RankLeading clients

ExportsShare in EU

exports

Cumulative share

All countries 596.8 100.0 100.0

1 United States 143.9 24.1 24.1

2 Switzerland 79.9 13.4 37.5

3 China 26.1 4.4 41.9

4 Russia 23.9 4.0 45.9

5 Japan 21.8 3.6 49.5

6 Norway 20.9 3.5 53.0

7 Singapore 16.1 2.7 55.7

8 Australia 15.8 2.7 58.4

9 Canada 15.8 2.7 61.0

10 Brazil 11.4 1.9 63.0

Sources: Eurostat (Comext, Statistical regime 4), Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

SECTION 4TRADE BY

MEMBER STATE

74 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 4 _ TRADE BY MEMBER STATE

Member State

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

EU-27 1,317.5 1,099.2 1,356.6 1,559.3 1,686.8

Austria 34.2 27.8 33.1 37.7 40.0

Belgium 74.2 64.4 83.1 95.9 104.4

Bulgaria 6.1 4.1 6.1 7.7 8.6

Cyprus 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5

Czech Republic

15.0 12.3 16.0 19.8 23.4

Denmark 24.0 21.9 25.0 27.9 30.2

Estonia 2.5 2.0 2.7 4.1 4.3

Finland 28.9 20.0 24.0 25.2 26.4

France 151.4 130.6 154.5 167.5 181.9

Germany 360.6 302.3 378.7 431.2 469.5

Greece 6.2 5.4 6.1 11.8 15.7

Hungary 16.1 12.7 16.4 19.4 19.6

Ireland 31.8 32.3 36.8 38.2 37.3

Italy 151.8 123.7 144.0 165.2 180.5

Latvia 2.2 1.8 2.4 3.2 4.0

Lithuania 6.4 4.2 6.1 7.8 9.1

Luxembourg 2.0 1.9 2.4 3.0 3.1

Malta 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.9 2.0

Netherlands 91.4 80.7 98.7 110.2 122.7

Poland 25.7 19.9 25.2 29.9 34.7

Portugal 9.9 7.8 9.2 11.0 13.1

Romania 9.9 7.5 10.4 13.1 13.4

Slovakia 7.1 5.7 7.6 8.7 10.2

Slovenia 7.4 5.8 6.4 7.3 7.8

Spain 58.2 49.2 60.1 73.5 83.4

Sweden 49.8 39.1 51.3 59.1 57.9

United Kingdom

142.8 114.6 148.3 178.9 183.1


EU exports of goods to extra-EU by Member State (billion EUR)

75

Member State

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

EU-27 1,582.9 1,233.1 1,530.5 1,724.2 1,791.7

Austria 27.5 22.7 27.0 31.8 33.5

Belgium 95.5 74.1 91.2 107.5 109.5

Bulgaria 10.9 6.8 8.0 9.5 10.5

Cyprus 2.3 1.6 1.9 1.9 1.8

Czech Republic

22.3 16.5 24.0 27.8 27.3

Denmark 21.1 17.9 18.9 20.3 22.0

Estonia 2.2 1.4 1.9 2.7 2.7

Finland 23.7 15.3 18.6 23.3 22.1

France 155.1 123.8 145.5 169.0 172.1

Germany 293.0 235.2 292.7 329.7 331.5

Greece 28.7 21.7 23.6 23.5 26.4

Hungary 23.5 17.5 21.5 22.6 22.1

Ireland 17.2 15.5 14.9 14.6 16.0

Italy 173.3 126.7 166.0 185.7 178.4

Latvia 2.7 1.7 2.1 2.6 2.9

Lithuania 9.0 5.4 7.7 9.9 10.8

Luxembourg 5.5 5.2 3.7 3.8 4.9

Malta 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.2

Netherlands 204.9 161.9 208.1 231.2 251.6

Poland 40.0 29.4 39.2 45.4 50.1

Portugal 16.2 11.0 13.8 15.6 15.8

Romania 17.3 10.5 12.9 15.0 14.5

Slovakia 13.5 10.0 13.7 15.4 15.8

Slovenia 7.2 5.5 7.3 8.3 8.2

Spain 116.5 79.2 101.1 116.6 118.3

Sweden 35.3 27.5 37.0 40.5 41.6

United Kingdom

217.6 188.3 227.1 248.7 280.0


EU imports of goods from extra-EU by Member State (billion EUR)


Member State 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

EU-27 497.7 517.7 504.7 559.4 596.8

Austria 9.0 10.0 9.1 10.0 10.6

Belgium 16.9 19.6 19.8 22.3 22.2

Bulgaria 1.4 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.8

Cyprus 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.8 :

Czech Republic 3.2 3.2 3.9 3.9 4.2

Denmark 22.9 25.7 20.5 24.4 25.7

Estonia 0.9 : : : :

Finland : : : : :

France 50.9 54.1 68.4 67.7 75.3

Germany 74.1 81.0 77.9 87.2 90.5

Greece 14.7 : 12.1 14.0 13.6

Hungary 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.9 4.9

Ireland 24.0 23.7 24.7 29.2 33.3

Italy 29.1 32.3 28.7 31.4 33.7

Latvia 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.7

Lithuania 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.3 1.8

Luxembourg 13.3 11.8 10.7 14.1 14.5

Malta : : : : :

Netherlands 31.9 33.5 31.3 34.3 40.1

Poland 5.3 6.4 5.4 7.3 8.0

Portugal 4.0 4.5 4.2 4.8 5.4

Romania 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.9

Slovakia 1.1 1.4 0.9 1.0 1.0

Slovenia 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.3

Spain 24.8 27.0 26.4 28.9 31.6

Sweden 22.5 24.6 20.4 22.6 25.2

United Kingdom 123.6 114.6 111.9 123.8 128.3

Commercial services =Services excluding Government services n.i.e. Confidential data: 2008-2011 data for Estonia; 2008 data for Greece; 2011 data for Cyprus; 2007-2011 data for Malta; 2007-2011 data for Finland(:) not availableSource: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)

EU exports of commercial services to extra-EU by Member State (billion EUR)

77

EU imports of commercial services from extra-EU by Member State (billion EUR)

Member State 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

EU-27 411.9 446.8 422.0 456.4 476.8

Austria 7.6 7.8 7.2 7.7 7.8

Belgium 14.3 16.3 15.1 17.2 17.0

Bulgaria 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1

Cyprus 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.0

Czech Republic 3.5 3.9 3.5 4.5 4.7

Denmark 17.1 18.9 16.3 18.0 18.8

Estonia 0.5 : : : :

Finland : : : : :

France 43.9 45.4 52.9 54.7 58.5

Germany 80.5 84.7 76.6 87.2 92.2

Greece 6.5 : : : :

Hungary 3.7 4.2 3.5 3.4 3.5

Ireland 36.0 36.3 36.0 39.5 41.2

Italy 32.0 37.3 31.4 32.5 32.9

Latvia 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8

Lithuania 0.8 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3

Luxembourg 8.5 8.3 7.5 9.6 10.4

Malta : : : : :

Netherlands 27.3 35.3 37.3 39.2 43.6

Poland 4.1 4.6 3.8 5.2 5.1

Portugal 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.3

Romania 1.8 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.6

Slovakia 0.8 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.8

Slovenia 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2

Spain 22.7 23.4 20.3 22.0 22.2

Sweden 12.9 13.9 12.7 13.7 15.5

United Kingdom 68.1 65.9 59.0 62.3 62.7

Commercial services =Services excluding Government services n.i.e. Confidential data: 2008-2011 data for Estonia; 2008-2011 data for Greece; 2007-2011 data for Malta; 2007-2011 data for Finland(:) not availableSource: Eurostat (NewCronos: bop_its_det)


Intra-EU merchandise trade by Member State, 2011 (%)

Member StateShare of intra-EU imports in total

imports

Share of intra-EU exports in total

exports

Austria 76.9 70.5

Belgium 67.9 72.0

Bulgaria 59.4 62.2

Cyprus 69.0 67.9

Czech Republic 74.5 83.1

Denmark 70.5 65.2

Estonia 78.5 66.3

Finland 61.5 55.7

France 67.3 60.9

Germany 63.4 59.3

Greece 51.9 49.9

Hungary 69.4 75.9

Ireland 69.5 57.7

Italy 53.7 56.0

Latvia 77.6 66.0

Lithuania 56.7 61.3

Luxembourg 81.8 81.1

Malta 73.6 41.0

Netherlands 46.3 77.0

Poland 70.0 78.0

Portugal 73.6 74.4

Romania 72.7 71.0

Slovakia 73.2 84.8

Slovenia 67.7 71.0

Spain 56.9 66.6

Sweden 68.1 56.0

United Kingdom 48.6 50.5

Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: ext_lt_intratrd)

79

Member StateShare of MS in total intra-EU

imports

Share of MS in total intra-EU

exports

Austria 3.9 3.2

Belgium 8.3 8.8

Bulgaria 0.5 0.4

Cyprus 0.2 0.0

Czech Republic 3.0 3.5

Denmark 1.8 1.9

Estonia 0.4 0.3

Finland 1.4 1.1

France 12.7 9.3

Germany 20.9 22.4

Greece 0.8 0.4

Hungary 1.9 2.2

Ireland 1.2 1.9

Italy 7.9 7.5

Latvia 0.3 0.2

Lithuania 0.5 0.4

Luxembourg 0.6 0.5

Malta 0.1 0.0

Netherlands 7.3 13.2

Poland 3.9 3.8

Portugal 1.6 1.1

Romania 1.5 1.1

Slovakia 1.5 1.7

Slovenia 0.6 0.6

Spain 5.6 5.2

Sweden 3.2 2.7

United Kingdom 8.6 6.5

SECTION 5SUPPORT

STATISTICS

82 _ Trade Statistical Pocket Guide _ SECTION 5 _ SUPPORT STATISTICS

GDP (Current price, billion EUR)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 33,948.5 36,716.2 39,384.9 40,735.0

Argentina 122.1 145.8 169.2 189.8

Australia 526.6 587.4 619.6 689.8

Brazil 533.4 708.7 867.4 996.9

Canada 818.5 935.8 1,043.3 1,063.8

China 1,552.9 1,814.1 2,160.7 2,549.6

India 553.9 648.5 724.3 846.5

Indonesia 206.6 229.7 290.2 315.3

Japan 3,742.9 3,674.8 3,469.9 3,178.7

South Korea 580.4 679.1 758.0 765.6

Mexico 610.6 682.1 757.9 755.2

Russia 475.1 614.1 788.4 948.3

Saudi Arabia 208.0 264.0 300.2 303.5

South Africa 176.4 198.5 208.0 208.5

Turkey 315.3 388.0 421.5 473.6

United States 9,529.1 10,146.3 10,654.0 10,236.2

EU-27 10,598.5 11,082.6 11,702.0 12,404.9

France 1,654.8 1,720.3 1,798.2 1,887.0

Germany 2,194.6 2,227.4 2,314.0 2,428.7

Italy 1,397.1 1,438.3 1,493.1 1,554.4

United Kingdom 1,767.0 1,847.6 1,956.4 2,062.5

(e) estimateSource: IMF (World Economic Outlook, April 2013)

83

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

41,721.2 41,571.1 47,874.9 50,445.8 55,812.0

220.6 219.2 277.3 319.4 369.7

714.8 712.1 940.7 1,070.8 1,200.0

1,122.1 1,163.1 1,616.4 1,790.9 1,864.9

1,048.7 981.4 1,219.0 1,279.5 1,415.8

3,073.1 3,578.0 4,473.4 5,260.0 6,403.4

867.4 902.7 1,218.1 1,320.5 1,420.3

347.3 386.3 535.2 607.9 683.5

3,297.0 3,609.9 4,145.3 4,236.4 4,641.9

633.3 598.0 765.6 801.9 899.7 e

743.6 632.9 780.1 832.1 916.2

1,129.2 876.6 1,150.6 1,364.3 1,573.8

353.4 307.6 397.4 481.0 566.1 e

185.9 204.5 274.0 289.0 299.1

496.5 440.5 551.6 556.3 618.4 e

9,716.9 10,018.4 10,936.8 10,830.2 12,207.9

12,475.1 11,734.9 12,286.1 12,635.4 12,907.9

1,934.4 1,883.1 1,939.0 1,995.8 2,030.4

2,475.3 2,371.1 2,498.4 2,591.5 2,646.8

1,576.1 1,517.5 1,553.3 1,577.8 1,567.6

1,815.6 1,572.4 1,710.4 1,746.8 1,899.5


Share in World GDP (PPP, %)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

World 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Argentina 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

Australia 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

Brazil 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9 2.9

Canada 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

China 8.8 9.4 10.1 10.9 11.7 12.8 13.5 14.2

India 4.2 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.8 5.3 5.5 5.7

Indonesia 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

Japan 7.0 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 5.9 5.8 5.6

South Korea

1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0

Mexico 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1

Russia 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0

Saudi Arabia

0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

South Africa

0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

Turkey 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4

United States

22.2 22.0 21.4 19.3 19.4 20.0 19.4 18.6

EU-27 23.6 23.1 22.8 20.4 20.4 21.3 20.9 20.3

France 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8

Germany 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.1 4.0

Italy 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.3

United Kingdom

3.5 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9

PPP constant 2005 international USD Source: World Bank (World Development Indicators)

85

Share in World GDP of selected countries (PPP, %)

0510

15

20

25

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Bra

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Chin

aEU

-27

India

Japan

Russ

iaU

nit

ed S

tate

s



GDP per capita (PPP)

Country 2004 2005 2006 2007

World 8,526 8,800 9,141 9,507

Argentina 10,011 10,833 11,647 12,545

Australia 33,063 33,626 34,688 35,835

Brazil 8,344 8,509 8,753 9,197

Canada 34,344 35,033 35,730 36,124

China 3,719 4,115 4,611 5,239

India 2,052 2,209 2,378 2,573

Indonesia 2,970 3,102 3,236 3,403

Japan 30,053 30,441 30,961 31,636

South Korea 21,961 22,783 23,847 24,948

Mexico 11,959 12,191 12,658 12,905

Russia 11,088 11,853 12,878 14,016

Saudi Arabia 20,021 20,406 20,407 20,243

South Africa 8,259 8,597 8,977 9,372

Turkey 10,719 11,465 12,092 12,488

United States 41,630 42,516 43,228 43,636

EU-27 26,381 26,847 27,677 28,484

France 29,143 29,453 29,970 30,466

Germany 30,885 31,115 32,302 33,403

Italy 28,227 28,280 28,738 29,008

United Kingdom 32,259 32,958 33,607 34,605

PPP constant 2005 international USDSource: World Bank (World Development Indicators)

87

2008 2009 2010 2011

9,636 9,444 9,815 10,071

13,276 13,272 14,363 15,501

36,192 34,705 35,313 36,139

9,584 9,468 10,093 10,279

35,948 34,527 35,223 35,716

5,712 6,206 6,819 7,418

2,635 2,813 3,039 3,203

3,570 3,696 3,885 4,094

31,323 29,625 30,965 30,660

25,339 25,299 26,774 27,541

12,893 11,973 12,481 12,814

14,767 13,616 14,206 14,821

20,565 20,091 20,534 21,430

9,604 9,356 9,497 9,678

12,406 11,655 12,564 13,468

43,070 41,188 42,079 42,486

28,527 27,204 27,696 28,035

30,272 29,161 29,484 29,819

33,829 32,176 33,565 34,603

28,454 26,729 27,083 27,072

34,043 32,469 32,830 32,863


GDP per capita in selected countries (PPP)


0

5,0

00

10

,00

0

15

,00

0

20

,00

0

25

,00

0

30

,00

0

35

,00

0

40

,00

0

45

,00

0

50

,00

0

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Bra

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Chin

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India

Japan

Russ

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89

Nominal Effective Exchange Rates (NEER, 2005 = 100) 41 trading partners

NEER= Industrial countries’ effective exchange rates including New Member States series.Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: ert_eff_ic_q)


Real Effective Exchange Rates (REER, 2005 = 100) deflator: consumer price indices - 41 trading partners

REER= Industrial countries’ effective exchange rates including New Member States series. Source: Eurostat (NewCronos: ert_eff_ic_q)

European CommissionTrade Statistical - Pocket GuideLuxembourg: Publications Offi ce of the European Union2013 — 90 pp. — 14,8 x 21 cmISBN 978-92-79-27057-4doi 10.2781/53701

HOW TO OBTAIN EU PUBLICATIONS

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EUROPEAN COMMISSION

DG TradeChief Economist UnitStatistics SectorCHARB-1049 Brussels Belgium

E-mail: [email protected]

http://ec.europa.eu

http://publications.europa.eu/others/agents/index_en.htm

DG TradeStatistical

Pocket Guide

Trade

DG

Tra

de S

tati

stic

al P

ock

et

Guid

e

NG-AA-13-001-EN

-C

This Trade Statistical Pocket

Guide contains selected tables

and graphs that outline the

current state of and recent

developments in the European

Union’s (EU’s) foreign trade,

i.e. its trade with the rest

of the world. It has been

compiled for the benefi t of the

Directorate-General for Trade’s

(DG Trade’s) policymakers.

Trade

doi:10.2781/53701

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